JP2792713B2 - Transmission control mechanism of two-stage reduction gear - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a shift control mechanism of a two-stage speed reducer used in a marine power transmission device, and particularly to a shift control mechanism before and after each shift.
It is controlled so that the rotation speed of the propeller is constant.

(B) Conventional technology Conventionally, a technology relating to a two-stage reversing speed reducer for ships has been known. However, in the conventional two-speed reverse rotation speed reducer, when the reduction ratio is switched between the large reduction and the small reduction by the speed ratio switching valve, the positional relationship between the accelerator sensor of the engine and the regulator is changed when the large reduction is performed. Since the state as it is changes to the state of small deceleration, the engine speed before and after the speed ratio switching valve is exactly the same everywhere.

Therefore, the rotational speed of the propelling propeller suddenly changed by the change in the deceleration ratio, which manifested as a change in the boat's foot during sailing and a sudden change in the towing force during towing.

(C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention It is an object of the present invention to provide a two-stage reversing speed reducer for a marine vessel, in which the speed ratio switching valve is switched and the speed is changed from large deceleration to small deceleration. In order to prevent the rotational speed of the propeller from changing, the switching of the speed ratio switching valve is detected, and the positional relationship of the electronically controlled regulator is automatically changed.

This eliminates a sudden change in the traveling speed and the seine speed before and after the operation of the speed ratio switching valve at the time of the seine.

(D) Means for Solving the Problems The problems to be solved by the present invention are as described above. Next, means for solving the problems will be described.

By selectively supplying the hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic oil pump to the hydraulic clutch of each reduction stage by a speed ratio switching valve, the speed control mechanism of a two-stage reduction gear that links the engine and the propeller in an interlocked manner The engine speed is switched to a speed corresponding to the reduction ratio of the speed reducer so that the propeller speed is constant before and after the switching operation of the ratio switching valve.

Further, a speed ratio switching valve for selectively supplying pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic oil pump to clutches of the respective reduction stages, control means for outputting a switching signal to the speed ratio switching valve, A slowly fitting valve that reduces the pressure oil to gradually increase the pressure oil, and after switching the speed ratio switching valve, immediately before the engagement of the clutch, waits for the operation of the slowly fitting valve, By selectively supplying the hydraulic oil discharged from the pump to the hydraulic clutches of the respective reduction stages by means of a speed ratio switching valve, a speed control mechanism of a two-stage speed reducer for interlocking the engine and the propeller is used. The engine speed is switched to a speed corresponding to the reduction ratio of the speed reducer so that the propeller speed remains constant before and after the valve switching operation.

Further, a speed ratio switching valve for selectively supplying pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic oil pump to clutches of the respective reduction stages, control means for outputting a switching signal to the speed ratio switching valve, A slowly fitting valve that reduces the pressure oil to gradually increase the pressure oil, and after switching the speed ratio switching valve, immediately before the engagement of the clutch, waits for the operation of the slowly fitting valve, By selectively supplying the hydraulic oil discharged from the pump to the hydraulic clutches of the respective reduction stages by means of a speed ratio switching valve, a speed control mechanism of a two-stage speed reducer for interlocking the engine and the propeller is used. The engine speed is switched to a speed corresponding to the reduction ratio of the speed reducer so that the propeller speed is constant before and after the valve switching operation, and the speed ratio switching valve is switched from small speed reduction to large speed reduction. When the switch Increasing the down speed when switching to the small deceleration from the large speed reduction is obtained by configured to switched after reducing the engine speed.

(E) Embodiment The problems to be solved and means to be solved by the present invention are as described above. Next, the configuration of the embodiment shown in the attached drawings will be described.

FIG. 1 is a control circuit diagram showing a shift control mechanism of a two-stage speed reducer, FIG. 2 is an operation hydraulic circuit diagram of the two-stage speed reducer, FIG.
The figure is a control flowchart.

In FIG. 1, an automatic control type fuel injection pump P is arranged on the side of the engine E. The fuel injection amount is adjusted by sliding the regulator disposed inside the automatic control type fuel injection pump P.

The regulator operating arm 19 operates the regulator of the automatic control type fuel injection pump P, and the regulator actuator 6 operates to push and pull the regulator operating arm 19.

A regulator position sensor 7 is disposed on the regulator actuator 6 so as to detect the position of the regulator disposed inside the automatic control type fuel injection pump P at the position of the regulator actuator 6. A signal indicating the position of the regulator detected by the regulator position sensor 7 is transmitted to the controller C.

The regulator actuator 6 has an input terminal
An instruction signal is transmitted after the determination by the controller C.

The rotation of the engine E is input to the input shaft 17 of the reverse rotation deceleration case M via the flywheel 21 to the crankshaft of the engine E.

An engine rotation sensor 9 is arranged on the outer periphery of the flywheel 21 of the engine E, and inputs and transmits the number of rotations of the engine detected by the engine rotation sensor 9 to the controller C.

Further, a propeller drive shaft 18 for driving the propeller protrudes rearward from the reverse rotation deceleration case M, and a propeller rotation sensor 15 for detecting the number of rotations of the propeller drive shaft 18 is disposed.

Further, a remote control handle device R is disposed at a position on the deck of the fishing boat where the operator can easily operate the remote control handle device R, and a forward / reverse switching lever 32 and a regulator handle 11 are disposed on the remote control handle device R.

The rotational position of the regulator handle 11 is transmitted to the accelerator sensor 22 via the push-pull wire 24,
The position where the operator operates the regulator handle 11 is transmitted to the controller C as an electric signal.

The forward / backward switching device 14 is operated via the push-pull wire 23 by the rotation operation of the forward / backward switching lever 32, and the forward / backward switching valve 5 in FIG. 2 is switched.

The forward / reverse switching is configured to be manually operated by the operator operating the forward / backward switching lever 32, and the forward / backward switching valve 5 is not automatically switched.

Further, a forward position sensor 16 for detecting the rotational position of the forward / reverse switching device 14 is provided.
Is also transmitted to the controller C.

The detection signals from the regulator position sensor 7, the engine rotation sensor 9, the propeller rotation sensor 15, and the forward position sensor 16 are input to the controller C, and the microcomputer in the controller C determines the instruction signal. 6 and a speed ratio switching actuator 30 for switching the speed ratio switching valve 8
The instruction signal is transmitted to the.

The regulator of the automatic control type fuel injection pump P is slid by the regulator actuator 6 to change the rotation speed, and the speed ratio switching valve 30 and the reset solenoid valve 13 are simultaneously operated by the speed ratio switching actuator 30. ing.

 Next, a hydraulic circuit diagram will be described with reference to FIG.

The pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic oil pump 4 is switched via a forward / backward switching valve 5 to three positions of forward, reverse and neutral.

When the vehicle is switched to reverse, pressure oil flows into the reverse hydraulic clutch 3 and the reverse rotation deceleration case M outputs reverse rotation to the propeller drive shaft 18.

When the mode is switched to forward, the pressure oil is supplied to either the large reduction hydraulic clutch 2 or the small reduction hydraulic clutch 1. This switching is performed by a speed ratio switching constituted by an electromagnetic valve. This is performed by switching the valve 8 by a signal from the controller C.

Also, a signal is transmitted to the reset solenoid valve 13 slightly later than the signal to the speed ratio switching valve 8, and the operation oil pressure is gradually increased by the large / small deceleration switching slow-fitting valve 12. is there.

In addition, when the forward / reverse switching loose fitting valve 10 switches the forward / reverse switching valve 5, whichever of the large reduction hydraulic clutch 2 or the small reduction hydraulic clutch 1 or the reverse hydraulic clutch 3 receives pressure oil, In this case, the operating hydraulic pressure is gradually increased to gradually join the hydraulic clutch.

That is, in the technology of claim (1), the rotational speed of the propeller is the same before and after the electromagnetic speed ratio switching valve 8.

That is, in the conventional two-stage speed reducer, the large reduction hydraulic clutch 2 or the small reduction hydraulic clutch 1
Is the rotation as set by the regulator handle 11, and does not change before and after the rotation of the speed ratio switching valve 8.

On the other hand, in the present invention, two maps of the large deceleration map i2 and the small deceleration map i1 are stored in the ROM constituting the microcomputer in the controller C.

Therefore, when the speed ratio switching valve 8 is switched to switch between the large reduction hydraulic clutch 2 and the small reduction hydraulic clutch 1, the maps are automatically changed to the large reduction map i2 and the small reduction map i1. Can be switched to

By switching between the large deceleration map i2 and the small deceleration map i1, even if the operation of one of the regulator handles 11 is not changed, an operation signal is transmitted from the controller C to the regulator actuator 6, and the regulator actuator is automatically adjusted. 6 is operated, the regulator operating arm 19 rotates, and the regulator inside the automatic control type fuel injection pump P moves.

That is, in FIG. 3, if the accelerator is set to A0 by the regulator handle 11, the position is b on the small deceleration map i1 in the case of the small deceleration. The rotation speed becomes n1.

When this is switched by the speed ratio switching valve 8 to the large deceleration side, the map is automatically switched from the small deceleration map i1 to the large deceleration map i2. R2, and the number of revolutions becomes n2.

Since the ratio n2 / n1 is equal to the ratio of the large deceleration / small deceleration, the speed of the propeller drive shaft 18 does not change before and after the shift by the electromagnetic speed ratio switching valve 8. is there.

In addition, between the time immediately after the switching of the speed ratio switching valve 8 and the time immediately before the engagement of the large reduction hydraulic clutch 2 and the small reduction hydraulic clutch 1, the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic clutch is reduced in pressure to gradually increase the pressure. The operation of the loose fitting valve 12 is temporarily stopped, and the propeller rotation speed before and after the speed ratio switching valve is controlled to be constant.

In particular, when the speed is changed from the large deceleration state in which the large deceleration hydraulic clutch 2 is engaged to the small deceleration state in which the small deceleration hydraulic clutch 1 is engaged, the number of revolutions of the engine E drops from high rotation to low rotation. In the direction.

If there is no automatic switching mechanism, the rotation speed of the propeller tends to increase from low rotation to high rotation.

In this case, when the engine E is engaged with the small deceleration hydraulic clutch 1 faster than reducing the rotation speed of the engine E, the engine E
If the rotation speed of the propeller is not decreased, the rotation of the propeller increases, so that the fitting shock is large and the engine may stall.

Therefore, in this case, when the large speed reduction hydraulic clutch 2 is engaged, when the small speed reduction hydraulic clutch 1 is engaged, the large speed reduction map i2 is changed to the small speed reduction map i1, and the rotation of the engine E is reduced. When the rotation becomes effective and the rotation becomes low, the operation of the speed ratio switching valve 8 is delayed so that the small reduction hydraulic clutch 1 is engaged.

Then, the signal operated in this manner is sent to the controller C
Is stored in the ROM.

Therefore, when the speed ratio switching valve 8 is switched from small deceleration to large deceleration, the rotation speed of the engine E changes from low rotation to high rotation, and the rotation speed of the propeller changes from high speed to low speed. It is in.

In this case, if the large deceleration hydraulic clutch 2 is still engaged after the rotation speed of the engine E has increased, the load on the propeller acts in an excessive load direction.

Therefore, in this case, the switching from the large reduction hydraulic clutch 2 to the small reduction hydraulic clutch 1 is performed first, and the rotational speed of the engine E gradually increases after the small reduction hydraulic clutch 1 is joined. However, an overload condition of the engine E does not occur.

The interval before and after this is short, and in fact, the switching between the small reduction hydraulic clutch 1 and the large reduction hydraulic clutch 2 is performed without generating an overload, while keeping the rotation speed of the propeller substantially the same. It becomes.

(F) Effects of the Invention The present invention is configured as described above, and has the following effects.

Two-stage deceleration for interlocking connection between an engine and a propeller by selectively supplying pressure oil discharged from a hydraulic oil pump to a hydraulic clutch of each deceleration stage by a speed ratio switching valve. In the speed change control mechanism of the engine, the engine speed is switched to a speed corresponding to the reduction ratio of the speed reducer so that the propeller speed is constant before and after the switching operation of the speed ratio switching valve. Before and after the operation of the switching valve 8, the rotation speed of the propeller does not change, so the operator needs to renew the speed ratio switching valve 8 even when the speed ratio switching valve 8 is switched according to the magnitude of the load during the cruising or the towing. Therefore, it is not necessary to operate the regulator handle 11 to make the rotation speed of the propeller the same and to make the speed the same, so that the driving operation can be reduced.

A speed ratio switching valve for selectively supplying the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic oil pump to the clutch of each reduction stage, and a control means for outputting a switching signal to the speed ratio switching valve. A slowly fitting valve that reduces the pressure oil supplied to the clutch and gradually increases the pressure oil. After switching the speed ratio switching valve, immediately before the clutch is engaged, the operation of the loosely fitting valve is performed. Shift control of a two-stage speed reducer that interlocks the engine and the propeller by causing the hydraulic oil pump discharged from the hydraulic oil pump to be on standby and selectively supplied to the hydraulic clutch of each reduction stage by a speed ratio switching valve The mechanism controls the engine speed to a speed corresponding to the reduction ratio of the speed reducer so that the propeller speed remains constant before and after the switching operation of the speed ratio switching valve. Due to relatively high hydraulic pressure The fitting operation is faster than the conventional one, so that a sudden decrease in propeller rotation at the time of switching is prevented, and the fitting operation is performed before the hydraulic pressure rises after the loose fitting valve is activated. Is performed, the effect of reducing the insertion shock is exerted.

A speed ratio switching valve for selectively supplying the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic oil pump to the clutch of each reduction stage, and a control means for outputting a switching signal to the speed ratio switching valve. A slowly fitting valve that reduces the pressure oil supplied to the clutch and gradually increases the pressure oil. After switching the speed ratio switching valve, immediately before the clutch is engaged, the operation of the loosely fitting valve is performed. Shift control of a two-stage speed reducer that interlocks the engine and the propeller by causing the hydraulic oil pump discharged from the hydraulic oil pump to be on standby and selectively supplied to the hydraulic clutch of each reduction stage by a speed ratio switching valve In the mechanism, the engine speed is switched to a speed corresponding to the reduction ratio of the speed reducer so that the propeller speed remains constant before and after the speed ratio switching valve switching operation, and the speed ratio switching valve is reduced slightly. When switching to large deceleration from Increasing the engine speed switching, when switching to the small deceleration from a large deceleration, since it is configured so as to switched to after reducing the engine speed, it is of the following advantages.

First, when the speed ratio switching valve 8 is switched from the small deceleration to the large deceleration, the rotation speed of the engine E changes in the direction from low rotation to high rotation, and the rotation speed of the propeller changes from high speed to low speed. It is in the direction of doing.

In this case, if the small deceleration hydraulic clutch 1 is still engaged after the rotation speed of the engine E has increased, the load on the propeller acts in a direction that causes an excessive load on the engine. .

Therefore, in this case, first, the switching from the small deceleration hydraulic clutch 1 to the large deceleration hydraulic clutch 2 is performed first, and after the large deceleration hydraulic clutch 2 is joined, the rotational speed of the engine E gradually increases. However, an overload condition of the engine E does not occur.

Next, when the speed ratio switching valve 8 is switched from the large deceleration to the small deceleration, the rotation speed of the engine E changes in the direction from high rotation to low rotation, and the rotation speed of the propeller changes from low speed to high speed. It is in a changing direction.

In this case, when the low speed reduction hydraulic clutch 1 is connected after the engine E has decreased in rotational speed, an excessive load is not applied to the engine E.

Therefore, in this case, the switching from the large reduction hydraulic clutch 2 to the small reduction hydraulic clutch 1 is performed after the engine speed is first reduced.

With such a configuration, a control system in which engine stall does not occur can be achieved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a control circuit diagram showing a shift control mechanism of a two-stage speed reducer,
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an operating hydraulic circuit of the two-stage speed reducer, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an engine speed and an accelerator position by control, and FIG. 4 is a control flowchart. Reference Signs List 1 small deceleration hydraulic clutch 2 large deceleration hydraulic clutch 5 forward / reverse switching valve 8 speed ratio switching valve 10 slow forward / reverse switching loose fitting valve 12 large / small deceleration switching loose fitting valve i1 … Small deceleration map i2 …… Large deceleration map

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-3-234962 (JP, A) JP-A-62-113945 (JP, A) JP-A-62-98054 (JP, A) JP-A-1-182666 (JP, A) , A) Fully open 1983-119649 (JP, U) Fully open 1-10499 (JP, U) Fully open 1984 59-123000 (JP, U) Fully open 55-154844 (JP, U) Fully open 56-79741 (JP, U) JP 1-41559 (JP, B2) JP 7-10678 (JP, B2) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B63H 23/30 B63H 23/08 B63B 35/14 F16H 61/00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A two-stage speed reducer for interlocking an engine and a propeller by selectively supplying pressure oil discharged from a hydraulic oil pump to a hydraulic clutch of each reduction stage by a speed ratio switching valve. In the control mechanism, the engine speed is switched to a speed corresponding to the reduction ratio of the speed reducer so that the propeller speed is constant before and after the switching operation of the speed ratio switching valve. Transmission control mechanism of reduction gear. 2. A speed ratio switching valve for selectively supplying pressure oil discharged from a hydraulic oil pump to clutches of respective reduction stages, control means for outputting a switching signal to the speed ratio switching valve, and the clutch A slowly fitting valve that reduces the pressure oil supplied to the pressure ratio switching valve and gradually increases the pressure oil. After switching the speed ratio switching valve, until just before the engagement of the clutch, the operation of the slowly fitting valve is made to wait. By selectively supplying the hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic oil pump to the hydraulic clutch of each reduction stage by a speed ratio switching valve, a shift control mechanism of a two-stage reduction gear that interlocks an engine and a propeller, A two-stage speed reducer, wherein the engine speed is switched to a speed corresponding to the speed reduction ratio of the speed reducer so that the propeller speed remains constant before and after the speed ratio changeover valve switching operation. Control mechanism. 3. A speed ratio switching valve for selectively supplying pressure oil discharged from a hydraulic oil pump to clutches of respective reduction stages, control means for outputting a switching signal to the speed ratio switching valve, and the clutch A slowly fitting valve that reduces the pressure oil supplied to the pressure ratio switching valve and gradually increases the pressure oil. After switching the speed ratio switching valve, until just before the engagement of the clutch, the operation of the slowly fitting valve is made to wait. By selectively supplying the hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic oil pump to the hydraulic clutch of each reduction stage by a speed ratio switching valve, a shift control mechanism of a two-stage reduction gear that interlocks an engine and a propeller, The engine speed is switched to a speed corresponding to the reduction ratio of the speed reducer so that the propeller speed remains constant before and after the speed ratio switching valve switching operation. When switching to deceleration, after switching The engine speed is increased, when switching to the small deceleration from a large deceleration, the shift control mechanism of the two-stage reduction gear, characterized by being configured so as to switched to after reducing the engine speed.