JP2789769B2 - Heating equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heating apparatus of a type for applying heat energy to a material to be heated such as a recording material via a heat-resistant film.

This apparatus is composed of an image heating and fixing device in an image forming apparatus such as an electrophotographic copying machine, a printer, and a facsimile, that is, a resin or the like which is heated and melted by an appropriate image forming process means such as electrophotography, electrostatic recording, and magnetic recording. Unfixed toner corresponding to the target image information, formed on the surface of the recording material (electrofax sheet, electrostatic recording sheet, transfer material sheet, printing paper, etc.) using toner directly or indirectly (transferred) The present invention can be used as an image fixing device that heats and fixes an image as a permanently fixed image on a recording material surface carrying the image.

Further, the present invention is not limited to the image fixing device, and can be widely used as a means or device for heating a material to be heated such as an image carrier, such as a device for heating a recording material carrying an image to improve the surface properties.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, for example, a recording material heating apparatus for heating and fixing an image includes a heating roller maintained at a predetermined temperature, and a pressure roller having an elastic layer and pressing against the heating roller. Therefore, a heat roller method of heating while nipping and conveying a recording material is often used.

Also, various systems and configurations such as a flash heating system, an oven heating system, and a hot plate heating system are known and are in practical use.

A belt heating system is also known as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,578,797. This is because the toner image is brought into contact with the heated web and heated to its melting point to dissolve, and after dissolution, the toner is cooled to a relatively high viscosity, thereby weakening the tendency of the toner to adhere to the heated web. This is a method of fixing without causing offset by passing through the process of peeling off the heating element web in the state.

Recently, fixedly supported heating elements (thermal heaters,
Hereinafter referred to as a heater), a heat-resistant film (fixing film) conveyed while being pressed against the heater, and a pressing member for bringing the recording material into close contact with the heater via the film.
Apparatus of a method and structure for applying heat of a heater to a recording material via a film to heat and fix an unfixed image formed and carried on the recording material surface to the recording material surface (film heating method)
Has been devised.

For example, a method and apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-313182 according to the applicant's earlier proposal belong to this, and a thin heat-resistant film (sheet), a moving driving means of the film,
A heater disposed fixedly and supported on one side of the film with the film in the middle, and a recording material to be fixed on the other side facing the heater and to be image-fixed to the heater via the film. Having a pressure member for bringing the visible image carrying surface into close contact,
At least at the time of image fixing, the film is moved at the same speed in the forward direction at the same speed as the recording material to be fixed and conveyed and introduced between the film and the pressure member, and the heater is interposed between the film and the heater. By passing through a fixing nip portion as a fixing portion formed by pressure contact with a pressure member, the developed image carrying surface of the recording material is heated by the heater through the film to form a developed image (unfixed toner image). This heating means / apparatus is based on applying heat energy to soften / melt and then separating the recording material from the film after passing through the fixing section at a separation point.

In such a film heating type device, a low heat capacity heating element can be used as a heater, so that power consumption and wait time are reduced as compared with a conventional contact heating type heating roller type or belt heating type device. Shortening (quick start) is possible. It has advantages such as solving various drawbacks of other conventional system devices, and is effective.

The heater as a heating element is formed by applying a low-heat-capacity energizing heat-generating resistor on a heat-resistant, high-heat-conductivity, low-heat-capacity insulating substrate (base material) such as a ceramic in a linear or strip shape. In this case, the heater has a low heat capacity, and when the heater is energized, the surface of the heater rapidly rises to a required fixing temperature because the heat capacity of the resistor and the substrate is small.

The heat capacity of the heat-resistant film in contact with the heater is also small, and the heat energy of the heater side is effectively transmitted to the recording material side in pressure contact with the film via the film, whereby the image is heated and fixed.

The temperature control of the heater employs an energization control configuration in which the heater temperature is detected by a temperature detecting element, the energization to the energized heating resistor is controlled based on the temperature detection information, and the temperature of the heater is controlled to a predetermined fixing temperature. .

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in this film heating type apparatus, when the heat-resistant film slides on a heating body fixedly supported and arranged, a sliding noise may be generated.

In addition, when an endless cylindrical film is used as the heat-resistant film, and the film is driven to rotate by a driving roller and a driven roller, if the film is used for a long time, the dimensional accuracy of the driving roller and the driven roller may be slightly shifted. A phenomenon in which the film gradually moves in the axial direction of the film cylinder (hereinafter, referred to as film leaning) occurs due to a change in diameter due to heat or thermal expansion, or a change in frictional force between the heating element and the film.

U.S. Patent No. 4,565,
No. 439 has proposed a film shift control method. However, if the inner peripheral surface of the film, that is, the sliding surface with the heating element, or the adhesion to the in-film object such as the driving roller or the heating element is high and the frictional resistance is excessively high, the correction of the leaning of the film is not possible. When the driving roller or the driven roller for correcting the deviation of the film is disturbed or displaced, the film may be wrinkled.

On the other hand, when the endless cylindrical film is rotationally driven by a driving roller and a driven roller, when the frictional resistance between the inner peripheral surface of the film and the driving roller is excessively low,
In some cases, the film and the drive roller slip and the running drive of the film is interrupted.

Further, when the inner peripheral surface of the film is excessively rough, the adhesion to the heating body is deteriorated, and heating unevenness may occur in the material to be heated such as a recording material.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in a heating device of a film heating system.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention relates to a heat-resistant film, which is driven in close contact with a fixedly supported and arranged heating element, on a surface opposite to the heating element side of a heat-resistant film, such as a recording material. A heating device that applies heat energy to the material to be heated from the heating body side through the heat-resistant film by bringing the material into close contact with and passing through the heating body position. Surface roughness R _Z (10-point average roughness measured according to JIS-B0601)
0.3 μm ≦ R _Z ≦ 3 μm, and at least a heat-resistant lubricant is interposed between the heat-resistant film and the heat-resistant film in the contact sliding portion between the heat-resistant body and the heat-resistant film. Heating equipment.

It is.

(Operation) That is,. The heat-resistant film has a surface roughness of 0.3 μm ≦ R _Z ≦ 3 μm, as described above, on the side that is in close contact with the heating element and slides. By interposing a heat-resistant lubricant between the closely sliding surfaces of the heating element and the heat-resistant film,
Actually, no sliding noise is generated, and the sliding property between the heating element and the film is improved, and the combination of the two is optimized, and the deterioration of the film durability and the generation of abrasion powder due to excessive wear are reduced. In addition to the above, it is possible to prevent the unstable driving of the film feeding drive and the remarkable decrease in the durability of the gears and motors of the driving unit due to the excessive frictional force between the heating element and the film. .

Also, there is no slip phenomenon between the film and the drive roller,
The presence of the lubricant improves the adhesion between the heating element and the heat-resistant film, and also improves the heat transfer efficiency.

The film deviation correction control can be satisfactorily executed without any problem.

(1) Example of Image Forming Apparatus (FIG. 2) An example of an image forming apparatus using a heating device according to the present invention as a fixing device for an unfixed image will be described.

The apparatus of this embodiment is an electrophotographic copying apparatus of a reciprocating type, a rotating drum type, and a transfer type on a document table.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 100 denotes an apparatus housing, and 1 is a reciprocating original placing table made of a transparent plate member such as a glass plate disposed on an upper plate 100a of the housing. It is reciprocally driven at a predetermined speed on the upper side to the right a and left a 'in the drawing.

G is an original, which is placed on the upper surface of the original placing table 1 with the image side to be copied facing downward according to a predetermined placing reference;
The original is set by placing the original cover 1a on top of the cover.

Reference numeral 100b denotes a slit opening serving as a document illuminating unit which is opened on a surface of the machine housing upper plate 100a with a direction perpendicular to the reciprocating movement direction of the document placing table 1 (direction perpendicular to the paper surface) as a longitudinal direction. The downward image surface of the original G placed and set on the original placing table 1 sequentially passes through the position of the slit opening 100b from the right side to the left side during the reciprocating movement of the original placing table 1 to the right side a. During the passage of the light, the light L of the lamp 7 is received through the slit opening 100b and the transparent document table 1, and is scanned by illumination. The reflected light of the illumination scanning light on the document surface is image-formed and exposed on the surface of the photosensitive drum 3 by the short-focus small-diameter imaging element array 2.

The photosensitive drum 3 is coated with a photosensitive layer such as a zinc oxide photosensitive layer or an organic semiconductor photosensitive layer, and is driven to rotate clockwise as indicated by an arrow b at a predetermined peripheral speed around a center support shaft 3a. The charger 4 was subjected to a uniform charging process of positive or negative polarity, and the uniformly charged surface was subjected to the image forming exposure (slit exposure) of the original image to form an image on the surface of the photosensitive drum 3. An electrostatic latent image corresponding to a document image is sequentially formed.

The electrostatic latent image is sequentially visualized by a toner made of a resin or the like which is softened and melted by heating by the developing device 5, and the developed toner image is transferred to a portion where the transfer discharger 8 as a transfer portion is provided. I will do it.

S denotes a cassette in which transfer material sheets P as recording materials are stacked and stored, and the sheets in the cassette are fed one by one by the rotation of the feed roller 6, and then the toner on the drum 3 is moved by the registration roller 9. When the leading end of the image forming section reaches the transfer discharger 8, the leading end of the transfer material sheet P also reaches the position between the transfer discharger 8 and the photosensitive drum 3, and the timing is synchronized so that they coincide with each other. Will be fed. Then, the transfer discharger 8 is applied to the surface of the sheet.
As a result, the toner image on the photosensitive drum 3 side is sequentially transferred.

The sheet to which the toner image has been transferred by the transfer unit 8 is sequentially separated from the surface of the photosensitive drum 3 by separating means (not shown), and is guided by a conveying device 10 to a fixing device 11 described below to carry the unfixed toner image. The sheet is subjected to a heat-fixing process and is discharged onto a discharge tray 12 outside the apparatus as an image-formed product (copy).

On the other hand, the surface of the photosensitive drum 3 after the transfer is a cleaning device.
13 is used for image formation repeatedly after removal of contaminants such as residual toner.

(2) Fixing device 11 (FIGS. 1 and 2) 24 is an endless belt-shaped fixing film, and includes a left driving roller 25, a right driven roller 26, and a driving roller.
The low-heat-capacity linear heating element 20 serving as a heating element disposed below between the roller 25 and the driven roller 26, the three members 25, 26, 20 parallel to each other.
It is stretched between them.

The inner surface 24c of the fixing film 24, i.e., the surface roughness R _Z of the side surfaces in close contact sliding on the heating member is set to 0.3μm ≦ R _Z ≦ 3μm in accordance with the present invention. This fixing film 24 will be described later in (4).
It will be described in detail in the section.

The driven roller 26 is an endless belt-shaped fixing film 24.
The fixing film is also used as the tension roller.
Reference numeral 24 denotes a transfer material sheet P carrying an unfixed toner image Ta conveyed from the image forming unit 8 on the upper surface at a predetermined peripheral speed in the clockwise direction accompanying the clockwise rotation of the drive roller 25.
Is rotated at wrinkles, meanders, and speed delays at the same peripheral speed as the transport speed of.

The drive roller 25 is a metal roller coated with a heat-resistant material having a high coefficient of friction, such as silicon rubber, for the film 24, and the driven roller 26 is a metal roller having a low coefficient of friction as compared with the drive roller 25, such as a metal roller of Muku. is there.

Reference numeral 28 denotes a pressure roller having a rubber elastic layer having good release properties such as silicon rubber as a pressure member, and the endless belt-shaped fixing film 24 sandwiching the descending side film portion of the heating member 20 so as to sandwich the same. The transfer material sheet P is rotated counterclockwise in the forward direction in the transport direction of the transfer material sheet P by being pressed against the lower surface by a biasing means (not shown) with a contact pressure of, for example, a total pressure of 4 to 7 kg.

The heating element 20 is a low-heat-capacity linear heating element whose longitudinal direction is the direction intersecting with the plane movement direction of the film 24 (the width direction of the film).
It consists of a temperature detecting element 23 and the like, and is fixedly supported by being attached to and held by a heater support 27.

The heater support 27 has a heat insulating property, a high heat resistance and a rigidity for thermally supporting the heating element 20 with respect to the fixing device 11 and the image forming apparatus. For example, PPS (polyphenylene sulfide)
・ PAI (polyamide imide) ・ PI (polyimide) ・ PEEK
(Polyetheretherketone), high heat-resistant resins such as liquid crystal polymers, and composite materials of these resins with ceramics, metals, glass, etc.

The heater substrate 21 is a member having heat resistance, insulation, low heat capacity, and high thermal conductivity, for example, a thickness of 1 mm, a width of 10 mm, and a length of 240 mm.
mm alumina substrate.

The heating element 22 is made of an electric resistance material such as Ag / Pd (silver palladium), Ta ₂ N, or the like, and has a thickness of about 10 μm and a width substantially along the center of the lower surface of the substrate 21 (facing the film 24). 1-3m
m is screen-printed or the like, and heat-resistant glass 21a is coated thereon as a surface protective layer by about 10 μm.

The outer surface of the heat-resistant glass layer 21a is the contact sliding surface of the heat-resistant film 24 in the heating element 20 of the present example, and the outer surface of the glass layer 21a has a roughness at a ten-point average roughness Rz (μm) of 0.8. However, it is preferable to set this value in the range of 0.3 ≦ R _Z ≦ 3. The outer surface of the glass layer 21a is coated with a heat-resistant lubricant 101 in advance. This lubricant will be described in detail in section (5) below.

As an example, the temperature detecting element 23 has a low heat capacity such as a Pt film which is provided by coating a substantially central portion of the upper surface of the substrate 21 (the surface opposite to the surface on which the heating element 22 is provided) by screen printing or the like. It is a resistor. As the temperature detecting element, a configuration may also be adopted in which a thermistor having a low heat capacity or the like is disposed in contact with the substrate 21.

In the case of the heating element 20 of this example, a linear or belt-shaped heating element
Electric current is supplied to the heating element 22 from both ends in the longitudinal direction, and the heating element 22 is heated over substantially the entire length. The energization is 100 V AC, and the energization power is controlled by controlling the phase angle to be energized by an energization control circuit (not shown) including a triac according to the measured temperature of the temperature detection element 23.

(3) Fixing execution operation The transfer material sheet P carrying the unfixed toner image Ta on the upper surface, which is transported from the transfer unit 8 to the fixing device 11 by the image forming operation of the apparatus in response to the image formation start signal, is guided by the guide 29. Then, it enters between the fixing film 24 and the pressure roller 28 at the pressure contact portion N between the heating body 20 and the pressure roller 28, and the unfixed toner image surface is moved in the same direction at the same speed as the conveyance speed of the sheet P. The clamping pressure is applied between the mutual press contact portions N between the heating element 20 and the pressure roller 28 in the overlapping state with the fixing film 24 without causing surface displacement and wrinkling by closely contacting the lower surface of the rotating fixing film 24. Passing while receiving.

Since the heating element 20 is energized and heated at a predetermined timing by the image formation start signal, the toner image Ta is heated at the pressure contact portion N and becomes a softened / fused image Tb.

The running direction of the fixing film 24 is turned at a steep angle (the refraction angle θ is approximately 45 °) at the edge portion S (the radius of curvature is approximately 2 mm) of the heater support 27 where the curvature is large. Accordingly, the sheet P conveyed through the pressure contact portion N while overlapping the fixing film 24 is separated from the fixing film 24 at the edge portion S by a curvature, and is discharged to the discharge tray 12.

By the time the sheet is discharged, the toner is sufficiently cooled and solidified, and is in a state of being completely fixed on the sheet P (toner image Tc).

Since the toner used in this embodiment has a sufficiently high viscosity when melted by heating, even if the toner temperature at the time of separation from the fixing film 24 is equal to or higher than the melting point of the toner, the adhesion of the toner to the fixing film causes the toner to adhere to the fixing film. When the sheet P is separated from the fixing film 24, the toner offset with respect to the fixing film 24 does not substantially occur.

In this example, the heating element 22 and the substrate
Since the heat capacity of the heating member 21 is small and is thermally insulated and supported by the support 27, the surface temperature of the heating member 20 at the press contact portion N is short of the melting point of the toner (or the fixing temperature to the sheet P) in a short time. To a sufficiently high temperature.
It is not necessary to raise the temperature of the 20 in advance (so-called standby temperature control), energy can be saved, and the temperature inside the machine can be prevented from rising.

(4) Fixing Film 24 The fixing film 24 has a total thickness of 100 μm or less, preferably 40 μm, in order to reduce heat capacity and achieve quick start.
m or less, a single-layer or composite-layer film having heat resistance, releasability, durability and the like can be used. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a layer structure of an example of a composite layer film, and this example is a two-layer film. 24a is a heat-resistant layer as a base layer (base film) of the fixing film, and 24b is a release layer laminated on the outer surface of the heat-resistant layer 24a (the surface facing the toner image).

The heat-resistant layer 24a has high strength and heat resistance, such as a high heat-resistant resin film such as polyimide, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyethersulfone (PES), polyetherimide (PEI), and polyparabanic acid (PPA). Excellent ones can be used.

The release layer 24b is preferably made of, for example, a fluorine resin such as PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PFA, FEP, or a silicone resin.

The release layer 24b is laminated on the heat-resistant layer 24a by adhesive lamination of the release layer film, lamination by a film forming technique such as electrostatic coating (coating), vapor deposition, CVD, etc. of the release layer material, heat-resistant layer material and release layer It can be carried out by forming a two-layer film by co-extrusion of the material.

Since the thickness of the heat-resistant layer 24a is set to be larger than the thickness of the release layer 24b, the total thickness of the film can be reduced while maintaining the strength of the film, and the heat transfer efficiency from the heating body to the recording material is high.

The surface 24c of the heat-resistant layer 24a on the side opposite to the release layer 24b, that is, the contact sliding surface of the film 24 with the heating element 20 (the surface protection layer 21a) has a surface roughness R _Z of 0.3 μm ≦ R _Z ≦ Set to 3 μm.

The surface resistance of the release layer 24b is preferably 10 ¹⁰ Ω or less. The resistance of the surface of the release layer 24b may be reduced by a method such as mixing a conductive agent such as carbon black, graphite, or a conductive whisker. In that case, fixation film 24
Of the toner contact surface can be prevented. When the toner contact surface of the fixing film 24 is insulative, the surface of the fixing film is charged, disturbing the toner image on the sheet P, or transferring the toner image to the fixing film 24 (so-called charging offset). In some cases, the above measures can avoid these problems.

(5) Lubricant 101 The lubricant 101 to be applied in advance to the outer surface of the surface protective layer 21a of the heating element 20 is preferably, for example, one in which PTFE particles are dispersed in fluorine oil (perfluoropolyether oil).

The application amount of the circulating agent 101 is preferably 0.25 ≦ W ≦ 25, where W (mg / cm) is the application amount per unit length of 1 cm with respect to the longitudinal direction of the pressure contact portion N between the heating body 20 and the pressure roller 28. Is preferably set in the range of 2.5 ≦ W ≦ 12.5.

With the lubricant 101 interposed between the heating body 20 and the film 24,. The slidability between the heating element 20 and the heat-resistant film 24 is improved. The heat transfer efficiency between the heating element 20 and the film 24 is improved.

a) If the lubricant 101 is not applied at all, stick slip may occur between the heating element 20 and the film 24 during film running, and the running speed of the film may be unstable (hereinafter referred to as chatter).

Further, a large driving force is required to run the film, and the size of the apparatus is increased. The film is worn by sliding with the heating element, and the abrasion powder is deposited on the surface of the heating element surface protection layer 21a. Then, the pressing force locally increases at the portion where the abrasion powder adheres at the time of heat fixing, while the pressing force decreases at both ends and an air gap occurs between the heating body and the film, resulting in insufficient heating.

b) If the amount of the lubricant is too large, the lubricant moves to the surface of the drive roller 25 as the film runs and adheres. Then, the coefficient of friction between the drive roller 25 and the film 24 decreases, and the drive roller 25 and the film 24 may slip and stop the film.

(6) Example of execution The image forming apparatus serving as the heating apparatus of the example shown in FIG.
The heating element 20 and the film 24 are used in the image forming apparatus shown in FIG.
When various tests were carried out using the presence or absence of the lubricant 101 between them and the surface roughness R _Z (μm) of the film 24 on the side of the sliding contact with the heating element 20 as parameters. Slip between the drive roller 25 and the film 24. The presence or absence of film chatter was examined. The results are shown in Table 1.

In the test, a continuous fixing operation was repeated 50,000 times on a 210 mm × 297 mm sheet (recording material).

The lubricant 101 between the heating body 20 and the film 24 is a dispersion of PTFE particles in a linear perfluoropolyether oil (trade name Demnum Grease, manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd.). The total amount is 160 mg with respect to the length 22 cm of the pressure contact portion N of the roller 28. With respect to the amount of the lubricant used, the application amount W (mg / cm) per unit length of 1 cm in the length direction of the pressure contact portion N between the heating element 20 and the pressure roller 28 is set in the range of 2.5 ≦ W ≦ 12.5. There was no difference in the test results even when changed.

In Table 1, Examples 1 to 3 are compatible with the present invention, and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 are incompatible.

Example 1 Under the conditions of R _Z = 0.3 and the presence of a lubricant, the sliding resistance between the film 24 and the heating element 20 was relatively large, and some film chatter occurred, but there was no problem in practical use.

Example 2: Under the condition of R _Z = 1 and the presence of a lubricant, the driving roller
It was feasible without any slip between film 25 and film 24 and occurrence of film chatter.

Example 3; drive roller under the condition of R _Z = 3, with lubricant
Slight slippage between 25 and film 24 occurred.

In addition, the continuous sliding of the film 24 and the heating element 20 causes the uneven portions of the film to wear and become abrasion powder, absorb the lubricant and effectively reduce the amount of the lubricant between the heating element 20 and the film 24. Since the heat fixing operation of about 20,000 sheets was performed, slight film chatter began to occur.

However, the extent of these problems is light, and any of them can be practically used.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 Even with a lubricant, when R _Z = 0.2, the sliding resistance between the heating element 20 and the film 24 was even greater than in the case of the execution example 1, and film chatter occurred, making it impractical. Was.

Comparative Example 2; in the case of there also the lubricant, R _Z = 0.4 drive roller 25 from the initial in a slip of the film 24 is produced, were impossible endurance test.

Comparative Examples 3 to 7: No lubricant was used, and when _RZ ≤ 1 (Comparative Examples 3, 4, and 5), the film was chattered from the beginning and could not be used.

In the case of R _Z ≧ 3 (Comparative Example 6.7), slip occurred between the drive roller 25 and the film 24 from the initial stage, and the film could not be used.

Although not shown in the table, when 1 <R _Z <3, any problem of slip between the drive roller 25 and the film 24 or film chatter always occurs during 50,000 sheets of durability. Was also impractical.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, for a film heating type heating device, the combination of sliding between the heating element and the film is optimized, and problems such as chattering of the film and slipping of the drive roller are solved. The heat treatment can be avoided and stable heat treatment can be performed over a long period of time. Therefore, for example, the present invention can be effectively used as an image heating and fixing apparatus having advantages such as durability, quiet operation, and less occurrence of uneven gloss and poor fixing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a heating device according to the present invention, which is used as an image fixing device. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an example of an image forming apparatus using the apparatus. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a layer structure of a fixing film. 11 is an image fixing device (heating device), 20 is a heating element (heater), 21 is a heater substrate, 22 is a heating element, 21a is a surface protective layer (heat-resistant glass layer), 23 is a temperature measuring element, 27 is a heater support,
24 is a heat-resistant fixing film, 25 is a driving roller, 26 is a driven roller, 28 is a pressure roller, P is a recording material as a material to be heated,
101 is the applied lubricant.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shigeo Kimura 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Canon Inc. (56) References JP-A-63-313182 (JP, A) JP-A-3 -25475 (JP, A) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G03G 15/20

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An object to be heated, such as a recording material, is brought into close contact with a surface of a heat-resistant film, which is fed and driven in close contact with a fixedly supported and arranged heating element, to position the heating element. A heating device that applies heat energy to the material to be heated from the heating body side through the heat-resistant film by passing the heat-resistant film. The heat-resistant film has a surface roughness R _Z (JIS-JIS) Ten-point average roughness measured according to B0601)
0.3 μm ≦ R _Z ≦ 3 μm, and at least a heat-resistant lubricant is interposed between the heat-resistant film and the heat-resistant film in the contact sliding portion between the heat-resistant body and the heat-resistant film. Heating equipment.