JP2783725B2 - Moisture measurement method - Google Patents
Moisture measurement methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2783725B2 JP2783725B2 JP4169575A JP16957592A JP2783725B2 JP 2783725 B2 JP2783725 B2 JP 2783725B2 JP 4169575 A JP4169575 A JP 4169575A JP 16957592 A JP16957592 A JP 16957592A JP 2783725 B2 JP2783725 B2 JP 2783725B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- electrode
- anode
- cathode
- moisture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は水分測定法に関し、さら
に詳しくは水分含有量の多い脱水汚泥ケーキ等の流動す
る検体中の含水率を高精度かつ連続的に測定するのに好
適な水分測定法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for measuring water content, and more particularly, to a method for measuring water content in a flowing sample such as a dehydrated sludge cake having a high water content, which is suitable for high precision and continuous measurement. About the law.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、微小間隔電極対を用いる計測器と
して微小くし形電極等が開発されており、これらは電極
反応を可逆的に行う物質や水分などの検出や定量に用い
られている。本出願人は、特開平３−１８０７４７号公
報において、水分含有量の多い検体中の水分量を簡単な
装置で連続的かつ高精度に測定することができる、２．
５Ｖ以上の直流電圧を電極に印加する水分測定法を提案
した。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, minute comb-shaped electrodes and the like have been developed as measuring instruments using minutely spaced electrode pairs, and these are used for detection and quantification of substances and water that reversibly perform an electrode reaction. The present applicant has disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-180747 that the water content in a sample having a high water content can be measured continuously and with high accuracy using a simple device.
A moisture measurement method in which a DC voltage of 5 V or more is applied to the electrode was proposed.
【０００３】しかしながら、上記水分測定法では、２．
５Ｖ以上の一定直流電圧を連続して印加するものである
ため、測定時間の経過に伴い、陽極における酸化被膜の
生成および電極への各種物質の電着によって電解電流値
の低下が生じるという問題があった。電極表面の光電子
分光分析により、陽極における酸化被膜の形成が確認さ
れ、陰極には鉄が付着することが確認されている。[0003] However, in the above-mentioned moisture measurement method, there are two methods.
Since a constant DC voltage of 5 V or more is continuously applied, there is a problem that, with the lapse of the measurement time, the electrolytic current value decreases due to the formation of an oxide film on the anode and the electrodeposition of various substances on the electrode. there were. Photoelectron spectroscopy of the electrode surface confirmed the formation of an oxide film on the anode and that iron adhered to the cathode.
【０００４】また検体の流動速度が遅い場合や脱水汚泥
ケーキ等の検体では、水分の拡散がスムーズに行われな
いため、非定常拡散となり、電解電流が時間経過ととも
に減少し、安定した測定値が得られないという問題があ
った。[0004] In the inspection of such cases and dewatered sludge cake is slow flow rate of the analyte, since the diffusion of moisture is not performed smoothly, become unsteady diffusion, electrolysis current decreases with time, stable measurement value There was a problem that can not be obtained.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は、前記
従来技術の問題を解決し、時間経過による測定値の低下
を防止して流動する検体中の含水率を連続的かつ高精度
に測定することができる水分測定法を提供することにあ
る。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to measure the water content in a flowing sample continuously and with high accuracy while preventing a decrease in measured values over time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for measuring moisture.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、０．５mm以下
の間隔を有する少なくとも１対の陽極および陰極と、該
陽極と陰極を固定し、かつ先端部のみを露出させた樹脂
絶縁部とを有する検出器の露出電極面を流動する検体中
に浸漬した後、該電極に２．５Ｖ以上の直流電圧を印加
することによって得られる電解電流値から検体中の含水
率を測定するに際し、上記直流電圧の極性を一定時間毎
に反転させて印加することを特徴とする水分測定法に関
する。The present invention provides at least one pair of an anode and a cathode having an interval of 0.5 mm or less, and a resin insulating portion fixing the anode and the cathode and exposing only a tip portion. After immersing the exposed electrode surface of the detector having the above in the flowing sample, a DC voltage of 2.5 V or more is applied to the electrode.
The present invention relates to a method for measuring water content, characterized in that, when measuring the water content in a sample from the electrolysis current value obtained by performing the method, the polarity of the DC voltage is inverted at predetermined time intervals and applied.
【０００７】[0007]
【作用】白金（Ｐｔ）などの安定な金属を電極として用
いた場合でも、水の電解電圧以上の直流電圧を連続的に
長時間にわたり印加すると、陽極表面が酸化されて抵抗
が増加し、電解電流が低下するが、本発明においては、
一定時間毎に電圧の極性（（＋）と（−））を反転させ
て印加するため、陽極だった極は次には陰極になり、陽
極酸化された表面が還元されて酸化物が取り除かれ、常
に電解初期と同じような電極反応性の良好な新しい電極
表面を保持することができる。[Effect] Even when a stable metal such as platinum (Pt) is used as an electrode, if a DC voltage equal to or higher than the electrolysis voltage of water is continuously applied for a long time, the anode surface is oxidized and the resistance increases. Although the current decreases, in the present invention,
Since the polarity of the voltage ((+) and (-)) is reversed and applied at regular intervals, the pole that was an anode then becomes a cathode, and the anodized surface is reduced to remove oxides. Thus, a new electrode surface having good electrode reactivity as in the initial stage of electrolysis can always be maintained.
【０００８】また、脱水汚泥ケーキ等の検体を測定する
場合、検体が流動状態にあっても水分の拡散がスムーズ
に行われないため、非定常拡散性が強くなり、電解電流
値は時間の経過に伴って低下するが、本発明において
は、電極に印加する電圧の極性を反転させて電極表面を
常に電解初期と同じ状態に保持して電解電流の減衰傾向
を常に同じくすることができるため、印加する電圧の極
性を反転させる毎に電解電流を測定すれば、時間が経過
しても減少のない電解電流値を得ることができる。な
お、流動していない検体の測定では電極表面の検体が更
新されないため、本発明の方法で測定した場合にも得ら
れる電解電流値は次第に低下する。Further, when measuring the test body such as dewatered sludge cake, because the sample is not performed smoothly diffusion of moisture even in a fluid state, unsteady diffusion property becomes stronger, the electrolytic current value of the time Although it decreases with the lapse of time, in the present invention, the polarity of the voltage applied to the electrode is inverted so that the electrode surface can always be kept in the same state as the initial state of the electrolysis, so that the attenuation tendency of the electrolysis current can always be the same. If the electrolysis current is measured each time the polarity of the applied voltage is reversed, an electrolysis current value that does not decrease even after a lapse of time can be obtained. In the measurement of a non-flowing sample, the sample on the electrode surface is not renewed, so that the electrolytic current obtained even when measured by the method of the present invention gradually decreases.
【０００９】図１は、本発明の一実施例を示す水分測定
法の説明図、図２は、図１で用いた水分測定器の説明図
であり、図２の(a) は水分測定器の構成説明図、(b) は
その正面図、(c) は(b) のＩ−Ｉ線断面図である。図１
において、水分測定器６は、その検出部の先端部（電極
面）５が配管１４内を一定速度で流れる脱水汚泥ケーキ
１１の流れに対向するように設置される。水分測定器６
は、図２に示すように、陽極１と陰極２が交互に複数枚
配列され、リード線を介して電源２０および記録計２１
に接続される。該陽極１と陰極２の先端部５以外は、エ
ポキシ樹脂等で覆われ、樹脂絶縁部３で固定されてい
る。該先端部（電極面）５は、円柱状の曲面をなしてお
り、また該電極面５を固定する樹脂絶縁部３の形状は球
形状をなしている。FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a moisture measuring method showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a moisture measuring apparatus used in FIG. 1, and FIG. (B) is a front view thereof, and (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line II of (b). FIG.
In the above, the moisture measuring device 6 is installed such that the tip portion (electrode surface) 5 of the detecting portion faces the flow of the dewatered sludge cake 11 flowing at a constant speed in the pipe 14. Moisture meter 6
As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of anodes 1 and cathodes 2 are alternately arranged, and a power source 20 and a recorder 21 are connected via lead wires.
Connected to. The portion other than the tip 5 of the anode 1 and the cathode 2 is covered with an epoxy resin or the like, and is fixed by a resin insulating portion 3. The tip (electrode surface) 5 has a cylindrical curved surface, and the shape of the resin insulating portion 3 for fixing the electrode surface 5 is spherical.
【００１０】陽極１と陰極２の間隔は、検体の導電率変
化の影響を少なくする点から０．５mm以下、好ましくは
０．１〜０．３mmの範囲とされる。また陰極および／ま
たは陽極の電極幅は、電解時に生じる酸素ガスや水素ガ
スが電極面に停滞してノイズを発生するのを防止する点
から０．２mm以下とするのが好ましい。The distance between the anode 1 and the cathode 2 is set to 0.5 mm or less, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mm, in order to reduce the influence of the change in the conductivity of the sample. The electrode width of the cathode and / or the anode is preferably 0.2 mm or less from the viewpoint of preventing oxygen gas and hydrogen gas generated during electrolysis from stagnating on the electrode surface to generate noise.
【００１１】陽極１および陰極２に印加する電圧の極性
の反転は電源２０により行う。印加する電圧の極性を反
転させる方法には特に制約はなく、同電位の電圧（例え
ば±２．５Ｖ）を同時間毎（例えば３０秒間毎）に切り
換えて印加しても、例えば＋２．５Ｖを１分間印加した
後に−４Ｖを４０秒間印加するというように異なる電圧
を異なった時間印加してもよい。電圧を印加することに
より得られる電解電流値の測定は、極性を切り換える毎
に両極における電解電流を測定してもよいが、（＋）極
と（−）極に同じ電圧を印加しても得られる電解電流値
が異なるため、どちらか一方の極性の電圧を印加したと
きに得られる電解電流を測定すれば充分である。The polarity of the voltage applied to the anode 1 and the cathode 2 is inverted by the power supply 20. There is no particular limitation on the method of inverting the polarity of the applied voltage. For example, even if the same potential voltage (for example, ± 2.5 V) is switched and applied at the same time (for example, every 30 seconds), for example, +2.5 V is applied. Different voltages may be applied for different times, such as applying -4V for 40 seconds after applying for 1 minute. The measurement of the electrolytic current value obtained by applying a voltage may be performed by measuring the electrolytic current in both electrodes each time the polarity is switched, but may also be obtained by applying the same voltage to the (+) and (−) electrodes. Therefore, it is sufficient to measure the electrolytic current obtained when a voltage of either polarity is applied.
【００１２】[0012]
【実施例】以下、本発明を実施例により詳しく説明す
る。 実施例１ 厚さ０．１mm、直径１７mmの円板状Ｐｔ板２０枚（１０
対）に、電源２０および記録計２１と接続したリード線
４を連結して交互に陽極１および陰極２とし、該陽極１
と陰極２の間隔が０．２mmとなるように配列し、電極間
の間隙にエポキシ樹脂を充填して円柱状の電極を作製し
た。次いで、この円柱状の電極の曲面の一部のみを露出
させてエポキシ樹脂で球形状の樹脂絶縁部３を形成して
水分測定器６を得た。この水分測定器６を支持体１０に
取りつけ、該支持体１０を含水率８０．１重量％の脱水
汚泥ケーキ１１が一定速度で移動する配管１４内に、水
分測定器の電極面５が脱水汚泥ケーキの流れと対向する
ように設置した。次に電極に２．５Ｖの直流電圧を３０
秒後に（＋）、（−）極を切り換えて印加し、脱水汚泥
ケーキの水分測定を１時間連続して行った。得られた電
解電流曲線を図３に示したが、１時間連続して測定して
も得られる電解電流値の低下は見られなかった。The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to examples. Example 1 20 disk-shaped Pt plates having a thickness of 0.1 mm and a diameter of 17 mm (10
Pair), the power supply 20 and the lead wire 4 connected to the recorder 21 are connected to form an anode 1 and a cathode 2 alternately.
And the cathode 2 were arranged so that the distance between them was 0.2 mm, and a gap between the electrodes was filled with an epoxy resin to produce a columnar electrode. Next, only a part of the curved surface of the columnar electrode was exposed to form a spherical resin insulating portion 3 with epoxy resin to obtain a moisture meter 6. The moisture measuring device 6 is mounted on a support 10, and the support 10 is placed in a pipe 14 in which a dehydrated sludge cake 11 having a moisture content of 80.1% by weight moves at a constant speed. It was installed so as to face the flow of the cake. Next, a DC voltage of 2.5 V was applied to the electrode for 30 minutes.
After seconds, the (+) and (-) poles were switched and applied, and the water content of the dewatered sludge cake was measured continuously for one hour. The obtained electrolysis current curve is shown in FIG. 3, but no decrease in the obtained electrolysis current value was observed even after continuous measurement for one hour.
【００１３】比較例１ 実施例１において、電極に２．５Ｖの直流電圧を連続し
て印加した以外は実施例１と同様にして含水率８０．１
重量％の脱水汚泥ケーキの水分測定を連続して１時間行
った。得られた電解電流曲線を図４に示したが、電解電
流値の低下が見られた。Comparative Example 1 A water content of 80.1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a DC voltage of 2.5 V was continuously applied to the electrode.
The moisture content of the dewatered sludge cake of weight% was continuously measured for 1 hour. The obtained electrolytic current curve is shown in FIG. 4, and a decrease in the electrolytic current value was observed.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の効果】本発明の水分測定法によれば、０．５mm
以下の電極間隔を有する電極に電圧の極性を反転させて
印加し、反転毎に電解電流値を測定することにより、電
極における酸化皮膜の生成や電極への各種物質の電着を
防止することができ、また検体の流動速度が遅い場合や
脱水汚泥ケーキ等の安定した電解電流値が得らにくい検
体でも、連続して水分測定を行っても得られる電解電流
値の低下がなく、高精度に含水率を測定することができ
る。According to the moisture measuring method of the present invention, 0.5 mm
Invert the polarity of the voltage to electrodes with the following electrode spacing
Application, and by measuring the electrolysis current value for each inversion, it is possible to prevent the electrodeposition of various substances to the generation and the electrodes of the oxide film on the electrode, also Ya when the flow rate of the sample is slow
It is difficult to obtain a stable electrolytic current value for dewatered sludge cake etc.
Even in a body, even if the moisture measurement is performed continuously, the obtained electrolytic current value does not decrease and the water content can be measured with high accuracy.
【図１】本発明の一実施例を示す水分測定法の説明図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a moisture measurement method showing one embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１で用いた水分測定器の説明図。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a moisture measuring device used in FIG.
【図３】実施例１で得られた電解電流曲線を示す図。FIG. 3 is a view showing an electrolytic current curve obtained in Example 1.
【図４】比較例１で得られた電解電流曲線を示す図。FIG. 4 is a view showing an electrolytic current curve obtained in Comparative Example 1.
１…陽極、２…陰極、３…樹脂絶縁部、４…リード線、
５…先端部（電極面）、６…水分測定器、１０…支持
体、１１…脱水汚泥ケーキ、１２…汚泥粒子、１３…髪
の毛、１４…配管、２０…電源、２１…記録計。1 ... Anode, 2 ... Cathode, 3 ... Resin insulation, 4 ... Lead wire,
Reference numeral 5: tip (electrode surface), 6: moisture meter, 10: support, 11: dewatered sludge cake, 12: sludge particles, 13: hair, 14: pipe, 20: power supply, 21: recorder.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平３−180747（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−216540（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭54−100795（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 平３−48753（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.6，ＤＢ名) G01N 27/04 G01N 27/416──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-3-180747 (JP, A) JP-A-3-216540 (JP, A) JP-A-54-100795 (JP, A) 48753 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. 6 , DB name) G01N 27/04 G01N 27/416
Claims (1)
１対の陽極および陰極と、該陽極と陰極を固定し、かつ
先端部のみを露出させた樹脂絶縁部とを有する検出器の
露出電極面を流動する検体中に浸漬した後、該電極に
２．５Ｖ以上の直流電圧を印加することによって得られ
る電解電流値から検体中の含水率を測定するに際し、上
記直流電圧の極性を一定時間毎に反転させて印加するこ
とを特徴とする水分測定法。1. An exposed electrode surface of a detector having at least one pair of an anode and a cathode having an interval of 0.5 mm or less, and a resin insulating portion fixing the anode and the cathode and exposing only a tip portion. Is obtained by applying a DC voltage of 2.5 V or more to the electrode after immersion in a flowing sample.
A method of measuring the moisture content in a sample from an electrolytic current value, wherein the polarity of the DC voltage is inverted at predetermined time intervals and applied.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4169575A JP2783725B2 (en) | 1992-06-26 | 1992-06-26 | Moisture measurement method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4169575A JP2783725B2 (en) | 1992-06-26 | 1992-06-26 | Moisture measurement method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0611469A JPH0611469A (en) | 1994-01-21 |
| JP2783725B2 true JP2783725B2 (en) | 1998-08-06 |
Family
ID=15889025
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4169575A Expired - Fee Related JP2783725B2 (en) | 1992-06-26 | 1992-06-26 | Moisture measurement method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2783725B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6798501B1 (en) | 1998-01-30 | 2004-09-28 | Nidek Co., Ltd. | Cup attaching apparatus |
| JPH11266755A (en) | 1998-03-20 | 1999-10-05 | Daiwa Seiko Inc | Spinning reel for fishing |
| JP3105868B2 (en) | 1998-08-07 | 2000-11-06 | 新潟日本電気株式会社 | Storage medium storing toner concentration detecting device and program |
| JP2012154864A (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2012-08-16 | Star Engineering Co Ltd | Moisture meter for waste treatment tank |
| EP2923568A1 (en) | 2014-03-19 | 2015-09-30 | Globeride, Inc. | Fishing spinning reel |
| JP6419020B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2018-11-07 | グローブライド株式会社 | Fishing spinning reel |
-
1992
- 1992-06-26 JP JP4169575A patent/JP2783725B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0611469A (en) | 1994-01-21 |
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