JP2780221B2 - Electro-optical device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention [0002] The present invention relates to an electro-optical device such as a super twisted nematic liquid crystal display device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional super twisted nematic type liquid crystal display device has a twist angle of a liquid crystal molecule of 180 degrees or more, an optical anisotropy Δn of a liquid crystal and a liquid crystal layer as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 60-50511. The product of the thickness d and nd · d is 0.7
μm to 1.1 μm.

[0003]

For this reason, coloring due to birefringence occurs. However, when time-division driving is performed, the color becomes yellow when a non-selection voltage is applied, becomes blue when a selection voltage is applied, and when the intermediate voltage is applied, the chromaticity shown in FIG. As shown in the figure (CIE standard chromaticity diagram), the color ranged from yellow to slightly blue-green to blue, and other multicolors could not be obtained. Therefore, a sufficient multi-color display cannot be performed by the gradation display driving in which an intermediate voltage other than the selection voltage and the non-selection voltage is applied.

[0004] Also, as a multi-color display,
Some have color filters, but the three primary colors R and G
-The three pixels B are required, and the production is very troublesome.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electro-optical element capable of easily performing multi-color display by gradation display driving and obtaining a sufficient contrast. Aim.

[0006]

According to the electro-optical device of the present invention, an electro-optical device is provided between a pair of substrates having electrodes on opposing inner surfaces.
Liquid crystal having a twist of 360 degrees to 360 degrees
1 liquid crystal cell and a pair of bases having electrodes on opposing inner surfaces.
A second liquid crystal cell having liquid crystal interposed between the plates is paired with a pair of biased liquid crystal cells.
The first liquid crystal cell is disposed so as to overlap between the light plates.
The optical anisotropy Δn of the sandwiched liquid crystal and the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal
The product Δn · d with the layer thickness d (μm) is 1.1 μm or more
Between the electrodes formed in the second liquid crystal cell.
To a predetermined voltage, and the first liquid crystal cell
By changing the voltage applied between the formed electrodes,
Multi-color display on the same screen without using color filters
It is characterized in that it can be performed. In addition, the second
The twist angle of the liquid crystal sandwiched between the liquid crystal cells is 90 degrees ×
Set within the range of n ± 40 degrees (n is 0 or an integer).
Characterized in that the lamination is performed on a substrate adjacent to the polarizing plate.
Bing is oriented at 45 degrees to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate.
It is characterized by being performed .

In the above-described super twisted nematic type electro-optical device, Δn · d of the nematic liquid crystal layer of the liquid crystal cell is set to 1.1 μm or more, and the voltage applied between the pair of electrode substrates of the liquid crystal cell is set to 3 μm. By providing a means capable of selecting a value or more, it is possible to easily perform multi-color display by gradation display driving.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.

Embodiment I FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal display device as an electro-optical device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a lower polarizing plate, 2 denotes an upper polarizing plate, and 10 denotes a liquid crystal cell disposed between the polarizing plates 1 and 2.

The liquid crystal cell 10 has a nematic liquid crystal 13 sandwiched between a lower electrode substrate 11 having an electrode 11a on the upper surface and an upper electrode substrate 12 having an electrode 12a on the lower surface. The nematic liquid crystal 13 is twisted by subjecting the upper and lower electrode substrates 11 and 12 to rubbing treatment or the like. 14 is the two-electrode substrate 1
A spacer interposed between the electrode substrates 11 and 12; the spacer 14 holds the nematic liquid crystal 13 between the electrode substrates 11 and 12;
The interval of 2, that is, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is kept constant. In addition,
A spacing member such as glass fiber or glass ball may be sprayed between the two substrates 11 and 12.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 3 denotes a driving circuit for the liquid crystal cell 10 connected to the electrodes 11a and 12a.
A time-division driving circuit is used to perform gradation display driving by selecting not only a selection voltage and a non-selection voltage but also three or more voltages such as an intermediate voltage as a voltage applied between the two electrode substrates. It is configured to be able to.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the molecular axis of liquid crystal molecules near the electrode substrate and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate in the liquid crystal display of FIG. In the present invention, the means for aligning the liquid crystal molecules is not limited to the rubbing treatment, but for convenience of explanation, the alignment direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules close to the electrode substrate will be described as the rubbing direction. The same applies to the embodiments described later.

In FIG. 1, R11 and R12 denote a lower electrode substrate 11 and an upper electrode substrate 1 of a liquid crystal cell 10, respectively.
The rubbing direction on the second side, T, is the twist direction and angle of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell 10 from top to bottom in FIG.
P2 is the direction of the absorption axis (polarization axis) of the lower polarizing plate 1 and the upper polarizing plate 2, respectively, and θ1 is the angle between the direction P1 of the absorption axis of the lower polarizing plate 1 and the rubbing direction R11 of the lower electrode substrate 11. , Θ2 indicate the angle between the direction P2 of the absorption axis of the upper polarizing plate 2 and the rubbing direction R12 of the upper electrode substrate 12.

In the above configuration, the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate are arranged to face each other such that the twist angle T of the liquid crystal molecules is in the range of 180 degrees to 360 degrees. in this case,
The torsional direction and angle T of the liquid crystal molecules are determined by the rubbing direction R
11, R12 and the type and amount of the optical rotatory substance added to the nematic liquid crystal 13. The angles θ1 and θ2 between the rubbing direction and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate are preferably in the range of 15 to 75 degrees. The product Δn · d of the optical anisotropy Δn of the liquid crystal and the liquid crystal layer thickness d (μm) is 1.1.
μm or more.

In the above configuration, by changing the voltage applied to the pair of electrode substrates 11 and 12, the retardation of the liquid crystal layer changes and becomes smaller. When the retardation changes, the color of the transmitted light changes. Therefore, in order to increase the color change, it is sufficient to increase the change in retardation.
-It is necessary to increase d. Therefore, in order to obtain a multi-color display, it was found that Δn · d at the initial stage should be 1.1 μm or more, so that sufficient multi-color display by gradation display driving can be simplified. What can be done. The upper limit of the value of Δn · d is not particularly limited, and a multi-color display can be performed no matter how large the value becomes. However, at present, Δn is 0.2 at most, and considering response speed and the like, Δn · d
Is desirably 2.0 or less.

In order to increase the display capacity, time-division driving is required. However, with the above-described configuration, a sufficient contrast can be obtained even in a low-duty-ratio drive of, for example, a duty ratio of 1/100 or less.

Furthermore, the present invention positively utilizes the birefringence of the liquid crystal, and it is necessary that the alignment direction and the direction of the absorption axis (polarization axis) of the polarizing plate be shifted.
In particular, the angle θ1 between the above orientation direction and the direction of the absorption axis.
When θ2 is in the range of 15 degrees to 75 degrees as described above, a multicolor display with high contrast and good color purity can be obtained.

Hereinafter, a specific example based on the embodiment I will be described.

Specific Example 1 In the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a PCH-based liquid crystal is used as the nematic liquid crystal 13 and the optical anisotropy Δn is 0.1.
3. The liquid product layer thickness d is set to 10 μm and Δn · d is set to 1.3 μm.
And Further, the twist angle T of the liquid crystal is 180 degrees, and the angles θ1 and θ2 between the rubbing direction and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate are each 30.
Degrees and 30 degrees. The driving circuit (time-division driving circuit) 3 of the liquid crystal cell 10 sets the duty ratio to 1/100 to 4
When the gradation drive is performed, the non-selection voltage (effective voltage 2, 1
0V) Blue-green when applied, selection voltage (effective voltage 2.32V)
Red when applied, its binary intermediate voltage or effective voltage 2.17
When V and 2.25 V were applied, four colors of blue and purple were displayed, respectively.

However, the response time was 600 ms or more, resulting in a considerably slow response.

Specific Example 2 Instead of the liquid crystal of the above specific example 1, a tolanic liquid crystal was used, the optical anisotropy Δn was 0.18, and the liquid crystal layer thickness d was 8 μm. Other configurations were the same as in the first embodiment. Four colors were displayed as in the first embodiment, and the response time was 300 m.
s.

Example 3 Using the liquid crystal of Example 2 above, the twist angle T of the liquid crystal was set to 220
Degree, the angle θ1 · θ between the rubbing direction and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate
2 was 45 degrees. The other configuration is the same as that of the specific example 2. When the driving circuit 3 performs four gradation driving at a duty ratio of 1/100, in this case also, four colors are displayed.
As shown in the chromaticity diagram of FIG.

Example 4 In Example 3, the twist angle T of the liquid crystal was changed to 230 degrees. The other configuration was the same as that of the specific example 3, and the driving circuit 3 performed four gradation driving at a duty ratio of 1/100. FIG.
Indicates the color tone at this time. As is apparent from the figure, the three primary colors of green, blue and red could be further displayed in yellow.

Specific Example 5 In the specific example 4, the duty ratio is 1
When 8 gradation driving was performed at / 200, green was applied when a non-selection voltage (effective voltage 2.24 V) was applied, yellow when a selection voltage (effective voltage 2.4 V) was applied, and an intermediate voltage between them, that is, an effective voltage 2.26 V, 2.29V, 2.31V, 2.33V,
When applying 2.35V and 2.38V, respectively, blue- green , blue,
Purple, red, orange, yellow. FIG. 5 shows the color tone at this time. As is clear from the figure, all the eight gradation displays showed different color tones. The response time at this time was 400 ms.

Example 6 In Example 5, the liquid crystal layer thickness d was changed to 5.5 μm in place of the trans liquid crystal having an optical anisotropy Δn of 0.21. Then, the response time showed a good response of 250 ms.

Example 7 In Example 6, the twist angle T of the liquid crystal was 260 degrees, and the angle between the absorption axes of the pair of polarizing plates 1.2 was 10 degrees. Then, when 8 grayscale driving was performed by the driving circuit 3 at a duty ratio of 1/200, the non-selection voltage (effective voltage 2.
28V) Red when applied, selection voltage (effective voltage 2.44V)
Depending on the applied voltage, blue-green, yellow and other colors were displayed at the intermediate voltage. FIG. 6 shows the color tone at this time. The was the angle between the absorption axis of the pair of polarizing plates 1, 2 to 80 degrees, approximately symmetrically located eight tones (mainly white point 0 and each point in FIG 6 in the relation of the respective colors and complementary colors Is obtained.

Example 8 In Example 7, the torsion angle T of the liquid crystal molecules was further increased, for example, to 330 degrees. Note that oblique deposition was performed instead of the rubbing treatment as the alignment treatment of the liquid crystal molecules. As a result, a wider viewing angle was obtained than in Example 7. In the other specific examples 1 to 6, the same effect can be obtained by increasing the twist angle T.

Concrete Example 9 As the liquid crystal 13, a liquid crystal obtained by adding a trans liquid crystal to a PCH liquid crystal is used. The optical anisotropy Δn is 0.18 , the liquid crystal layer thickness d is 9 μm, and Δn · d Was set to 1.62 μm. Further, the twist angle T of the liquid crystal was 180 degrees, and the angles θ1 and θ2 between the rubbing direction and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate were 30 degrees and 60 degrees, respectively. Then, when four-gradation display driving was performed by the driving circuit 3 at a duty ratio of 1/100, green,
Four colors of blue, red and yellow were displayed. However, the response time is 1
000 ms, which was a very slow response.

Specific Example 10 In the specific example 9, the concentration of the tolanic liquid crystal was increased.
The same test as in Example 9 was performed, except that the optical anisotropy Δn was 0.22 and the liquid crystal layer thickness d was 7 μm.

Then, four colors were displayed in the same manner as in Example 9, and the response time was also 400 ms.

Specific Example 11 Using the liquid crystal of the specific example 10, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer was 9 μm.
The twist angle T of the liquid crystal was 240 degrees, and the angles θ1 and θ2 between the rubbing direction and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate were each 45 degrees.
Then, the driving circuit 3 performed eight gradation driving at a duty ratio of 1/200. FIG. 7 is a chromaticity diagram showing the color tone at the time of (1), and eight colors such as light green, green, blue, red, and yellow could be displayed.

Example 12 The same test as in Example 11 was performed, except that the twist angle T of the liquid crystal was 260 degrees.

FIG. 8 is a chromaticity diagram showing the color tone at this time. As is apparent from FIG. 8, both the points A and B are yellow, but the point A has higher color purity than the point B. That is, yellow having different color purity was obtained.

Example 13 In the above example, the twist angle T of the liquid crystal molecules was further increased, for example, to 330 degrees. Note that oblique deposition was performed instead of the rubbing treatment as the alignment treatment of the liquid crystal molecules. As a result, a wider viewing angle was obtained than in Example 12. In the above specific examples 9 to 11, the same effect can be obtained by increasing the twist angle T.

The driving circuit 3 of the liquid crystal cell for performing the above-described gradation display includes a pulse gradation display driving circuit for controlling a pulse width in a selection period, and a frame floor for changing the number of times of selection in a plurality of frames. There is a grayscale display drive circuit and the like. In the above specific examples 1 to 13, the frame grayscale display drive circuit is used. However, the same result as described above can be obtained with the pulse grayscale display drive circuit.

Embodiment II In Embodiment I, one liquid crystal cell is provided between a pair of polarizing plates, but two or more liquid crystal cells may be provided.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal display device as an electro-optical element according to a second embodiment of the present invention in which two liquid crystal cells are provided between a pair of polarizing plates.

In the figure, 1 is a lower polarizing plate, 2 is an upper polarizing plate, and 10 is a liquid crystal cell (hereinafter referred to as a first cell) provided between the two polarizing plates. It is configured.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a second liquid crystal cell (hereinafter, referred to as a second cell) provided between the first cell 10 and the upper polarizer 2.
And the lower electrode substrate 21 having the electrode 21a on the upper surface.
And an upper electrode substrate 22 having an electrode 22a on the lower surface thereof, with a nematic liquid crystal 23 interposed therebetween. The liquid crystal 2
Numeral 3 is twisted by subjecting the upper and lower electrode substrates 21 and 22 to a rubbing treatment or the like. 24 is a spacer, 4
Is a drive circuit of the second cell 20 connected to the electrodes 21a and 22a. In this example, a static drive circuit is used, and an arbitrary voltage can be applied to the electrodes 21a and 22a.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the rubbing direction (the direction of the molecular axis of the liquid crystal molecules close to the electrode substrate) and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate in the liquid crystal display device of FIG.

In the figure, R11 and R12 denote the lower electrode substrate 11 and the upper electrode substrate 1 of the first cell 10, respectively.
2, the rubbing directions R21 and R22 are the rubbing directions of the lower electrode substrate 21 and the upper electrode substrate 22 of the second cell 20, respectively, and θ is the rubbing direction R12 of the upper electrode substrate 12 of the first cell 10 and the rubbing direction of the second cell 20. The angle between the lower electrode substrate 21 and the rubbing direction R21, T1 is the twist direction and angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the first cell 10 from top to bottom in FIG. 9, and T2 is the same in the second cell 20. The twist directions and angles of the liquid crystal molecules, P1 and P2 are the directions of the absorption axes of the lower polarizer 1 and the upper polarizer 2, respectively, and θ1 is the direction P1 of the absorption axis of the lower polarizer 1 and the lower side of the first cell 10. The angle θ2 between the rubbing direction R11 of the electrode substrate 11 and the rubbing direction R22 of the upper electrode substrate 22 of the second cell 20 is defined as θ2.

In the above configuration, the twist direction and the angle T1 of the liquid crystal molecules of the first cell 10 are determined by the rubbing directions R11 and R12 and the type of the optically active substance added to the nematic liquid crystal 13 as in the case of the first embodiment. It is set so as to be in the range of 180 to 360 degrees depending on the amount and the optical anisotropy Δn of the liquid crystal of the first cell 10 and the liquid product layer thickness d (μ).
m) is set to a range of 1.1 μm or more.

As described above, in the liquid crystal display device in which the liquid crystal cell (first cell) 10 is interposed between the pair of polarizing plates 1 and 2, a second liquid crystal cell (second cell) is provided separately from the first cell 10. When the cell 20 is provided, a color tone that can be displayed on the display device can be changed by an electric signal. Further, black and white display required by a personal computer or the like can be realized by switching by an electric signal of the second cell 20.

The twist angle T2 of the nematic liquid crystal in the second cell 20 is 90 degrees × n ± 40 degrees (n is 0 or an integer)
Is desirable in order to obtain a black-and-white display with high contrast. Is desirably 90 degrees, and the twist direction of the liquid crystal in the second cell is desirably opposite to the twist direction of the liquid crystal in the first cell.

Hereinafter, a specific example based on the embodiment II will be described.

Concrete Example 14 A PCH-based liquid crystal to which a tran-based liquid crystal is added is used as the liquid crystal 13 of the first cell 10 in the above-mentioned Example II (FIGS. 9 and 10). The layer thickness d was set to 8 μm, and Δn · d was set to 1.44. The twist angle T1 of the liquid crystal molecules of the first cell 10 was set to 220 degrees to the left, and the twist angle T2 of the liquid crystal molecules of the second cell was set to 90 degrees to the right. Further, the angles θ1 and θ2 were each set to 45 degrees, and the angle θ was set to 90 degrees. The driving circuit (static driving circuit) 4 of the second cell 20 applies an effective voltage of 10 V to the second cell, and the driving circuit (time division driving circuit) 3 of the first cell 10 displays four gradations at a duty ratio of 1/100. Drive was performed. At this time, four colors were displayed, as shown in the chromaticity diagram of FIG. That is, there are four colors of blue-green , blue-violet, red, and yellow. Next, when the switch of the drive circuit 4 of the second cell 20 is turned off, FIG.
As shown in the figure, point A is a non-selection voltage (effective voltage 2.24).
At the time of application of V), point B had a color tone at the time of application of the selection voltage (effective voltage 2.4 V). Point A was slightly bluish black, and point B was slightly yellowish white, almost black and white display. The contrast ratio at this time was 1:10.

Example 15 In Example 14, the twist angle T1 of the liquid crystal molecules in the first cell 10 was changed to 230 degrees to the left, and the twist angle T2 of the liquid crystal molecules in the second cell 20 was changed to 270 degrees to the right. The other configuration was the same as that of the specific example 14. Then, an effective voltage of 10 V is applied to the second cell by the drive circuit 4 of the second cell 20, and the first cell 1
The drive circuit 3 of 0 performed 8 gradation display driving at a duty ratio of 1/200. FIG. 13 shows the color tone at this time. As is clear from the figure, all the eight gradation displays showed different color tones. When the switch of the drive circuit 4 of the second cell 20 is turned off, as shown in FIG. 14, when the non-selection voltage (effective voltage 2.28 V) is applied to the point A, the point B becomes the selection voltage (effective voltage 2.44 V). ) The color tone at the time of application was obtained. Point A was slightly bluish black, and point B was yellowish white, almost black and white display. The contrast ratio at this time is 1:
It was 15.

Example 16 In Example 15, the effective voltage applied to the second cell 20 by the driving circuit 4 of the second cell 20 was changed from 10V to 0V. As a result, the green color (x,
y) = (0.197, 0.386) resulted in blue, red, and black as shown in FIG. The other colors shown in FIG. 13 also have the effective voltage of the driving circuit 4 of the second cell 20 of 10%.
By changing from V to 0 V, a color change could be caused.

Example 17 In Example 15, the twist angle T1 of the liquid crystal molecules in the first cell 10 was changed to 330 degrees to the left, and the twist angle T2 of the liquid crystal molecules in the second cell 20 was changed to 450 degrees to the right. Example 15
Similarly to the second cell 20, an effective voltage of 10
V was applied, and the driving circuit 3 of the first cell 10 performed eight gradation display driving at a duty ratio of 1/200. As a result, the viewing angle was wider than that of the specific example 15. Also, when the switch of the drive circuit 4 of the second cell 20 is turned off, the display becomes black and white,
The contrast ratio was improved to 1:52.

In Examples 14 to 17, the twist direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the second cell 20 is set to the left,
Although the twist direction of the liquid crystal molecules is made to the right, the same result can be obtained even if the directions are reversed. Although the twist directions of the liquid crystal molecules of the first cell and the second cell are made the same, almost the same results can be obtained though they are insufficient.

Although a static drive circuit is used as the drive circuit 4 of the second cell 20 in the above embodiment and its specific examples 14 to 17, any means for applying a voltage to the electrodes 21a and 22a may be used. For example, a time division driving circuit, a sine waveform application circuit, or a triangular waveform application circuit may be used.

[0053]

As described above, according to the present invention, a multi-color display can be easily performed by gradation display, and the color filter can be formed very simply and inexpensively compared with the conventional one using a color filter. There are effects such as providing an electro-optical device capable of performing display.

[Brief description of the drawings]

Sectional view of a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal display device as an electro-optical apparatus according to the embodiment I of the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between an absorption axis of a polarizing plate and a direction of a binder in the liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 3 is a chromaticity diagram showing a color tone displayed by a specific example based on the embodiment I.

FIG. 4 is a chromaticity diagram showing a color tone displayed by a specific example based on Example I.

FIG. 5 is a chromaticity diagram showing a color tone displayed by a specific example based on the embodiment I.

FIG. 6 is a chromaticity diagram showing a color tone displayed by a specific example based on the embodiment I.

FIG. 7 is a chromaticity diagram showing a color tone displayed by a specific example based on the embodiment I.

FIG. 8 is a chromaticity diagram showing a color tone displayed by a specific example based on the embodiment I.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a schematic configuration of a liquid crystal display device as an electro-optical element according to Example II of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between an absorption axis of a polarizing plate and a rubbing direction in the liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 11 is a chromaticity diagram showing a color tone displayed by a specific example based on the embodiment II .

FIG. 12 is a chromaticity diagram showing a color tone displayed by a specific example based on Example II .

FIG. 13 is a chromaticity diagram showing a color tone displayed by a specific example based on Example II .

FIG. 14 is a chromaticity diagram showing a color tone displayed by a specific example based on Example II .

FIG. 15 is a chromaticity diagram showing a color tone displayed by a specific example based on Example II .

FIG. 16 is a chromaticity diagram showing a color tone that can be displayed by a conventional liquid product display device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1.2 Polarizer 10 Liquid crystal cell 11/12 Electrode substrate 13 Liquid crystal 20 Second liquid crystal cell 21/22 Electrode substrate 23 Liquid crystal

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-62-229220 (JP, A) JP-A-1-138529 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) G02F 1/1347 G02F 1/133 500 G02F 1/133 575 G02F 1/137 505

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first liquid crystal cell having a liquid crystal having a twist of 180 ° to 360 ° sandwiched between a pair of substrates having electrodes on opposing inner surfaces, and a pair of substrates having electrodes on opposing inner surfaces. And a second liquid crystal cell having a liquid crystal interposed therebetween is disposed so as to overlap between a pair of polarizing plates, and the optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal interposed between the first liquid crystal cell is arranged.
The product Δn · d of Δn and the liquid crystal layer thickness d (μm) of the liquid crystal is
1.1 μm or more, a voltage applied between the electrodes formed in the second liquid crystal cell is a predetermined voltage, and a voltage applied between the electrodes formed in the first liquid crystal cell is changed. An electro-optical device wherein multi-color display can be performed on the same screen without using a color filter. 2. The liquid held in the second liquid crystal cell.
The twist angle of the crystal is 90 degrees x n ± 40 degrees (n is 0 or
The number is set within the range of (number).
An electro-optical device according to claim 1 . 3. A rabin applied to a substrate adjacent to the polarizing plate.
Is applied in a direction of 45 degrees with respect to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate.
2. The electro-optical device according to claim 1, wherein
Place .