JP2774569B2 - Underground joining shield machine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a shield excavator for underground joining used when excavating one tunnel from both sides and joining along the way.

[Conventional technology]

As a method of mechanically directly joining two shield excavators excavated from both sides underground without using another auxiliary method such as freezing method, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos.
-258096, as disclosed by
There is a method in which a gap between the joints left between the shield excavators is covered with a hood portion of each shield body or a ring-shaped member extruded from the tip of the hood portion, and soil retention and water stoppage are performed on the surrounding ground. The cutter of the shield excavator used in these construction methods normally excavates up to the maximum diameter of the shield outer periphery at the time of excavation, and at the time of underground joining, the hood part of the shield body covering the gap left between the shield excavators or It is necessary to reduce the cutter diameter so as not to interfere with the ring-shaped member extruded from the hood tip, the need to provide such a radially expandable cutter portion is described in the known example, Its specific configuration is not shown.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Even a normal shield excavator is equipped with a so-called over cutter as a cutter part that can expand and contract in the radial direction, but the over cutter excavates the ground further outside the outermost bit of the cutter wheel at the time of direction correction and curve construction It is not intended to continuously perform excavation up to the maximum diameter of the outer periphery of the shield at the time of normal excavation unlike the outermost bit. The outermost bit is usually fixed to the cutter wheel periphery by bolting or welding.
In order to mechanically join the shield excavators, it is necessary to shorten the outermost bit to a predetermined position after stopping the excavation at the joining point. Therefore, when shrinking the outermost bit, no matter what kind of soil or what kind of foreign matter (gravel, etc.) is in the ground, it must not be possible to be caught in the middle and unable to be pulled into a predetermined position. .

On the other hand, the outermost bit is one of the important parts that determine the excavation capacity of the shield excavator, with the largest excavation volume and sliding distance among the excavation bits provided on the cutter wheel,
Therefore, good excavation performance and durability are required. Therefore, even when the outermost bit can be expanded and contracted in the radial direction, its excavation performance and durability must not be impaired. Regarding this point, in the case of ordinary shield machine, especially applied to soft ground such as mud pressurized shield, in order to prevent face collapse due to inflow of earth and sand from between the cutter wheel and the hood part when excavation is stopped ,
The gap of this part is made as small as possible, and the excavated earth and sand of the over cutter is taken into the rear chamber through the openable and closable slit part of the cutter wheel, but since the outermost bit has a larger amount of excavated soil than the over cutter, it has a larger diameter than the outer periphery of the cutter wheel. When the excavated earth and sand of the outermost bit extended in the direction is taken in from the cutter slit, the flow resistance of the excavated earth and sand increases, and a problem arises in that the cutting resistance and the amount of bit wear of the outermost bit increase.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to pull in the outermost peripheral bit at the time of underground joining without increasing cutting resistance and bit wear amount during normal excavation, and how It is an object of the present invention to ensure that the outermost bit can be reliably pulled into a predetermined position at the time of underground joining, regardless of the soil quality or the presence of foreign matter in the ground.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, in an underground shield excavator in which an outermost peripheral bit is arranged so as to be able to expand and contract in the radial direction of a cutter wheel, an outer peripheral portion of the cutter wheel behind the outermost peripheral bit and a shield are provided. A gap is formed between the inner periphery of the foot portion of the main body and the earth and sand dug by the outermost bit, and at least an upper half of the gap is closed in a chamber behind the cutter wheel. A shutter member is provided that is operated to move in the front-rear direction with respect to the cutter wheel. When the excavation is stopped, the shutter member is excavated, and the shutter member closes the gap.

[Action]

In the above configuration, the outermost peripheral bit extends radially from the outer periphery of the cutter wheel during normal excavation, and excavates up to the maximum diameter of the shield outer periphery. The excavated earth of the outermost bit flows into the chamber behind the cutter wheel through the clearance for taking in the excavated earth and dirt provided between the outer peripheral portion of the cutter wheel and the inner periphery of the hood along with the shield excavation. Flow is natural, flow resistance is low,
Therefore, cutting resistance and bit wear can be minimized. After the excavation is stopped, the shutter member is moved forward to close the gap for taking in the excavated earth and sand, thereby preventing the inflow of earth and sand from the face.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a muddy pressurized shield excavator shown as one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 1 is a detailed view of a portion B in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a view as viewed from an arrow C in FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a view as viewed from an arrow D in FIG.

FIG. 1 shows one shield excavator 1 to be joined underground by a solid line and a part of the other shield excavator 1 'by an imaginary line. The shield machine 1 includes a cutter wheel 4 protruding from the tip of the hood 3 on the front surface of the shield body 2. A cutter wheel 4 having an outer ring 5, a face plate 6, a spoke 7, a slit 8, a front excavation bit 9, an outermost bit 10, and an over cutter 11 is supported by a support beam 12, a swivel ring 13, and a cutter bearing 14, and a cutter driving device 15 , And is rotated via gears 16 and 17.

As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, a plurality of outermost bits 10 arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the cutter wheel 4 penetrate through the outer peripheral ring 5 and the guide portion 18 of the spoke 7 so as to be slidable in the cutter wheel radial direction. The bar-shaped body 19 having a circular cross section is provided by welding, and is provided with blade-type carbide tips 20 and 21 on the front side and the outer peripheral side, respectively. Outermost bit 1
The shape of 0 and the arrangement of the carbide tips can be arbitrarily selected as long as they do not come out of the cross section of the rod-shaped body 19. These outermost peripheral bits 10 extend from the outer peripheral portion of the cutter wheel as shown in the figure during normal excavation and excavate the outermost peripheral portion, and the excavation diameter is equal to the maximum diameter of the shield outer periphery. The front side carbide tip 20 extends to the outer periphery of the cutter wheel and overlaps with the excavation area of the front excavation bit 9, and the end face of the rod 19 is retracted from the outer periphery of the cutter wheel by the dimension of FIG. I'm preventing. The rod 19 is keyed to the guide 18
23, the base end side of which is connected to the rod end 25 of the outermost bit expansion / contraction jack 24 installed in the spoke 7, and at the time of underground joining, the outermost bit 10 is jointed with the rod 19 by the jack 24. It can be pulled in from the outer periphery of the cutter wheel. Reference numeral 26 denotes an earth and sand shield provided on the guide portion 18.

Between the outer peripheral portion of the cutter wheel 4 behind the outermost peripheral bit 10 and the inner periphery of the hood portion 3, a gap 27 for taking in the outermost peripheral portion excavated sediment corresponding to the amount of excavated sediment of the outermost peripheral bit 10 is provided. This gap 27 is provided between the rear end of the cutter wheel 4 and
It communicates with a chamber 31 at the rear of the cutter wheel via a sediment passage 30 between the inner guide 29 for guiding the ring-shaped member 28.

The ring-shaped member 28 has waterproof seals 32, 3
3 to cover the remaining gap between the shield machine 1 and the excavator 1 'at the time of underground joining, and to retain soil and stop water. The face side end is a ball joint with the rod end of the watertight seal push-out jack 35 attached to the partition wall 34 of the shield body 2.
It is connected via 36. This ring-shaped member 28 is stored between the hood 3 and the inner guide 29 during normal excavation.

A water pipe 37 and a mud pipe 38 for stabilizing the face and carrying the excavated earth and sand are connected to the chamber 31, and agitators 39 and 40 are provided below the chamber. In the upper half of the chamber 31, a plurality of shutter members 41, 42 for closing the cutter slit 8 when excavation is stopped are arranged, and guide portions 43, 44 attached to the partition wall 34 and a shutter pressing jack 45, respectively. , 46 to move the cutter wheel 4 in the front-rear direction. 47 is a shutter member for closing the gap 27 for taking in the outermost excavated earth and sand when excavation is stopped, and is formed in an arc shape along the inner periphery of the inner guide 29, for closing the cutter slit so as to be continuous in the circumferential direction. The shutter member 41 is integrally attached to the periphery. When the shutter member 41 is pressed against the slit portion of the cutter wheel 4 by the jack 45, the shutter member 47 moves forward to a position covering the earth and sand passage 30, thereby stopping the inflow of earth and sand from the gap 27 when the excavation is stopped. To prevent collapse. It is sufficient that the shutter member 47 can cover the upper half of the gap 27.

The other shield excavator 1 'is also provided with a cutter wheel 4' having an outermost bit 10 'that can expand and contract in the radial direction similarly to the one shield excavator 1 (the outermost bit 10' in FIG. 1). The cutter wheel 4 'and the hood 3'
Shows the state of being pulled in). The outermost bit 10 'is the fourth
The outermost bit 10 shown in FIG. 6 to FIG. 6 can be constructed in the same manner as the outermost bit 10. Also, a gap 27 'is provided between the cutter wheel 4' and the hood portion 3 'for taking in the outermost excavated earth and sand. A shutter member 47 'for closing the gap 27' can be provided integrally with the cutter slit closing shutter member 41 '.

Next, an underground joining procedure will be described with reference to FIGS.

(1) FIG. 7 shows the state of two shield excavators 1, 1 'when excavating.

(2) The excavation of the first shield excavator 1 'is stopped at the joining point, the outermost bit 10' is contracted, and the cutter wheel 4 'is drawn into the hood 3'. Late arrival shield machine 1
Moves closer to a position where a part of the cutter wheel 4 on the face side enters the hood portion 3 ′ of the other shield excavator 1 ′,
Stop digging.

(3) Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 9, the outermost peripheral bit 10 is contracted, and the ring-shaped member 28 with the distal end seal 32 and the outer peripheral seal 33 is pushed out from the distal end of the hood portion 3 by the jack 35, and the distal end shield is removed. 32 is the shield shield machine 1 '
Of the shield excavator 1,
Cover the gap left between 1 ', and perform soil retaining and water stoppage on the surrounding ground.

(4) Disassemble the inside of the two shield excavators 1,1 'joined together, reinforce the joint, and connect the tunnels on both sides.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and the gap left between the two shield excavators is covered with a ring-shaped member that is extruded from the foot portion or the hood tip of the shield body, so that the soil can be removed from the surrounding ground. It is applicable to all underground joining shield machines that stop water.

〔The invention's effect〕

 According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(I) The excavated earth and sand of the outermost bit that can be expanded and contracted in the radial direction provided on the outer periphery of the cutter wheel is smoothly transferred to the chamber through a gap for taking in the excavated earth and sand located between the outer periphery of the cutter wheel and the inner periphery of the hood. Therefore, the cutting resistance of the outermost bit and the wear amount of the bit can be kept low, and the life of the bit can be extended.

(Ii) When the excavation is stopped, the gap for taking in the excavated earth and sand at the outermost peripheral portion is closed by the shutter member, so that collapse of the face due to inflow of earth and sand from the gap can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a detailed view of a portion B of FIG. 5, FIG. 5 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow C in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow D in FIG. 5, and FIGS. 1,1 '... Shield excavator, 2,2' ... Shield body, 3,
3 '... hood, 4,4' ... cutter foil, 10,10 '...
... outermost bit, 19 ... rod-shaped body, 24 ... outermost bit elastic jack, 27 ... gap for taking in excavated earth and sand, 28 ... ring-shaped member for underground joining, 31 ... chamber, 32,33… water seal, 35… water seal push-out jack, 41, 42… shutter member for closing the cutter slit, 45, 46… shutter member pressing jack, 47…
A shutter member for closing the gap 27.

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Tsuchiya 650, Kandate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Pref.Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Hitoshi Takahashi 650, Kandate-cho, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. Tsuchiura Plant (56) References JP-A-62-291395 (JP, A) Jitsu 63-41697 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21D 9/06 301 E21D 9/06 302 E21D 9/08

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An underground joining shield excavator in which an outermost bit is arranged to be able to expand and contract in the radial direction of a cutter wheel,
A gap is formed between the outer peripheral portion of the cutter wheel behind the outermost peripheral bit and the inner peripheral portion of the hood portion of the shield body to take in the earth and sand excavated by the outermost peripheral bit, and the inside of the chamber behind the cutter wheel is formed. A shutter member that is operated to move in the front-rear direction with respect to the cutter wheel so as to close at least an upper half of the gap,
A shield excavator for underground joining, wherein the shutter member is advanced when excavation is stopped, and the shutter member closes the gap.