JP2768943B2 - Multi-plate wear clutch device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a multi-plate type friction clutch device suitable for a motorcycle, and in particular, reduces torque transmitted from a rear wheel to an engine during downshifting during high-speed running. Accordingly, the present invention relates to a multi-plate friction clutch device capable of suppressing a shock at the time of deceleration and preventing an excessive rotation of an engine.

[Conventional technology]

The power transmission mechanism of a mobile motorcycle transmits the engine output to a rear wheel via a crankshaft, a primary speed reducer including a small gear and a large gear, a clutch device, a transmission, and a secondary speed reducer including a small sprocket and a large sprocket. It is often configured to communicate to As described above, the motorcycle has a large reduction ratio, so that a large engine braking force can be obtained by downshifting during traveling.
Depending on the degree and timing of downshifting, the deceleration shock becomes excessive, which causes a problem that the engine overruns. Therefore, in normal traveling, it is preferable to suppress the torque from the rear wheels during downshifting from becoming unnecessarily large.

Therefore, as a multi-plate type friction clutch device which can solve the above-mentioned problem, there is a device disclosed in, for example, JP-A-59-17031. This is a clutch device having an outer housing connected to the engine side and an inner housing disposed radially inside the housing and connected to the transmission side, and divides the inner housing into two parts in the axial direction. A portion located on the inner side in the axial direction is fixed to the main shaft, and a portion located on the outer side is connected to the main shaft via a one-way clutch. According to this prior art, since the number of friction plates contributing to the transmission of torque from the rear wheel to the engine is small, when the torque in the direction exceeds a predetermined value, the friction plates slide with each other. The problem of overspeed can be suppressed.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, the clutch device described in the above publication has a structure in which the one-way clutch is disposed between the inner housing and the main shaft in the radial direction. Therefore, the diameter of the inner housing is naturally increased by the amount of the clutch. Since the size of the housing is increased, the diameter of the entire clutch device is increased. In general, a shift position, a large-diameter gear of a primary reduction gear, and the like are also arranged at a position where the clutch device of the motorcycle is arranged, so that increasing the diameter of the clutch device is extremely disadvantageous in layout.

In order to solve the above problem, there is a multi-plate type friction clutch device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-233523, which is configured as follows.

The outer clutch housing connected to the reduction gear to which the engine output is transmitted is composed of an outer housing and an inner housing arranged coaxially with a gap on the inner surface. The inner housing is divided into a group and an inner group in the axial direction, and the inner circumference of a cylindrical inner ring provided at the center of the flange portion of the inner housing is meshed with the outer circumference of the boss of the reduction gear to connect the inner housing to the reduction gear. Then, a roller-shaped member is disposed between the cylindrical outer ring and the inner ring provided at the center of the flange portion of the outer housing to constitute a one-way clutch that transmits only rotational force from the reduction gear to the outer housing.

In this conventional device, since the one-way clutch is provided between the inner and outer wheels of the outer clutch, the diameter of the inner housing can be reduced. However, since the outer housing is formed outside the outer diameter of the outer clutch plate and a spline member for engaging the outer clutch plate on the outer periphery of the housing portion is spline-fitted and protrudes on the outer periphery, The outer diameter of this clutch device increases.

Further, the inner housing is supported by the reduction gear at the meshing portion between the inner periphery of the inner race and the outer periphery of the boss portion of the reduction gear, but the outer housing is supported by the inner race through the roller-shaped member. Is supported by the large reduction gear by this meshing portion.

The engaging portion between the housing of the outer clutch and the outer clutch plate is separated from the meshing portion by two flange portions of the outer and inner housings and has a large overhang.

However, since the engaging portion is usually provided with a gap for easy attachment and detachment, the engaging portion of the housing is combined with the gap and the overhang to cause centering, generating clutch noise, and the engaging portion is formed. The spline member on the outer housing is also spline-engaged, so that there is a gap, which causes noise.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-42579 discloses a two-stage type in which the diameter of the outer clutch plate in the outer group is increased and the diameter of the clutch plate in the inner group is reduced, although it is a normal type that does not suppress shock during deceleration. Is described. When the clutch housing is divided into two parts, and the outer clutch plate of the outer group is mounted on the outer housing and the outer clutch plate of the inner group is mounted on the inner housing, the outer diameter of the clutch device can be reduced. However, since there is only the small-diameter inner clutch plate at the portion where the small-diameter outer clutch plate transitions to the large-diameter outer clutch plate, there is a problem that the friction area of the outer group clutch plates is reduced.

The present invention can reduce the torque transmitted from the rear wheel side to the engine side without reducing the friction area of the clutch plate, and can further reduce the outer diameter of the clutch device and reduce noise without generating noise. It is intended to provide a clutch device.

[Means for solving the problem]

The present invention connects an outer clutch 12 to a reduction gear wheel 11 rotatably supported on a main shaft 9c of a transmission 9b via a bearing 11a and transmitting an engine output, and an inner clutch to the main shaft 9c. 13 and the inner clutch plate 16 is mounted on the inner housing 15 of the inner clutch 13 so as to be movable in the axial direction, and the housing of the outer clutch 12 is coaxial with the outer housing 17 with a gap between the inner surface thereof. The outer clutch plate 19 is axially divided into an outer group 19a and an inner group 19b.The outer group 19a is formed in the outer housing 17, and the inner group 19b is formed in the inner housing 18. , The inner clutch plate 16
The inner periphery of the cylindrical inner ring 20 provided at the center of the flange portion of the inner housing 18 meshes with the outer periphery of the boss portion 11c of the reduction gear 11 By connecting the inner housing 18 to the reduction gear wheel 11, a roller-shaped member 22 is disposed between the cylindrical outer ring 21 and the inner ring 20 provided at the center of the flange portion of the outer housing 17, In the multi-plate friction clutch device 10 having a one-way clutch 23 for transmitting only the rotational force in the direction of the outer housing 17 from the gear 11, the outer clutch plate 19 of the inner group 19 b and the inner clutch plate 16 pressed against the same are each connected. The outer clutch plate 19 and the inner clutch plate 16 of the outer group 19a are formed to have smaller diameters, respectively, and the outer clutch plate 19a 'and the small outer clutch plate 19a' A large-diameter inner clutch plate 16a and a small-diameter inner clutch plate 16b that are in pressure contact with each of the plates 19b 'are disposed adjacent to each other, and the outer diameters of the housing portions 17b and 18b of the outer housing 17 and the inner housing 18 are respectively set to the outer clutch plate 19. Outside group 19a, inside group 19
The outer group 19a and the inner group 19b are formed to have substantially the same outer diameter as the outer diameter of the outer group 19a and the inner group 19b. The outer and inner engaging slits 17c and 18c are formed to engage with the inner ring 20 of the inner housing 18 and the end of the meshing portion of the boss 11c of the reduction gear 11 and the inner periphery of the inner ring 20 is The ball bearing 20a is interposed between the shaft 9 and the shaft 9.

[Action]

According to the multi-plate friction clutch device according to the present invention, `` the outer clutch plate 19 of the inner group 19b and the inner clutch plate 16 of the outer group 19a and the inner clutch plate 16 of the outer group 19a which press against the outer clutch plate 19 of the outer group 19a are respectively pressed. 16 and the outer clutch plate
The large-diameter inner clutch plate 16a and the small-diameter inner clutch plate which are pressed against the large-diameter outer clutch plate 19a 'and the small-diameter outer clutch plate 19b' at the point where 19 transitions from the large-diameter to the small-diameter.
16b, side by side, outer and inner housings 17, 18
The outer diameters of the housing parts 17b and 18b of the outer group 19a and the inner group 1
9b and the outer and inner groups.
The engagement claws 19c, 19d formed on the outer periphery of the 19a, 19b are engaged with the engagement slits 17c, 18c formed in the housing portions 17b, 18b, so that the outer diameter of the clutch device can be reduced, and the structure can be reduced. Can be simplified.

That is, for example, as in the clutch device of the above-mentioned reference, the outer diameter of the outer housing can be made smaller than that of the outer housing formed larger than the outer diameter of the outer clutch plate,
Further, since there is no need for a member for engaging the outer housing and the outer group of the outer clutch plates as in the above-described reference device, the member does not protrude outward from the housing portion, and as a result, the outer side of the clutch device The diameter can be reduced,
And the structure can be simplified.

Further, in the present invention, as described above, it is not necessary to provide a member for engaging the outer group 19a of the outer clutch plate 19 in the housing portion 17b of the outer housing 17, so that a factor of noise generation can be eliminated.

Then, the present invention provides a large-diameter inner clutch plate 16a adjacent to a portion where the outer clutch plate transitions from a large diameter to a small diameter.
Since the large-diameter outer clutch plate 19a 'is pressed against the large-diameter inner clutch plate 16a because the small-diameter inner clutch plate 16b is arranged, even if the clutch plate changes from the large-diameter to the small-diameter, a predetermined friction area is maintained. The friction area is not reduced unlike the two-stage multi-disc friction clutch device described in the above-mentioned publication in which only the inner clutch plate having a small diameter is arranged.

Furthermore, since the clutch plate is half-clutched when the vehicle starts, frictional heat is generated. Some of this frictional heat is released to oil or air, but most is stored in the clutch plate and raises its temperature. Next, this heat is mainly released from the inner clutch plate 16 to each portion via the housing portion 15b of the inner housing to which the inner clutch plate 16 is mounted and the pressure plate 26, and the temperature of the clutch plate gradually decreases.

On the other hand, since the outer clutch plate 19b and the inner clutch plate 16 of the inner group slide so as to suppress the deceleration shock even during deceleration, the frequency of generation of frictional heat is much higher than those of the outer group. Friction heat generated in the inner county
In addition to the transmission from the housing portion 15b to the housing portion 15b, the transmission from the small-diameter inner clutch plate 16b to the outer group clutch plate via the large-diameter inner clutch plate 19a, and further to the housing portion 15b and the pressure plate 2
Transfer to 6. Therefore, the reduction in the friction area also results in a reduction in the area where the frictional heat generated in the inner group is transferred to the outer group.

According to the present invention, a configuration in which the large-diameter inner clutch plate 16a having a larger heat transfer area than the small-diameter inner clutch plate is pressed against the outer-group outer clutch plate 19a 'at the portion where the outer clutch plate 19 transitions from the small diameter to the large diameter. Therefore, the frictional heat generated between the outer clutch plate 19b of the inner group and the inner clutch plate 16 sandwiched between the outer clutch plates 19b of the inner group is reduced to a small-diameter inner clutch plate 16 → a large-diameter inner clutch plate 16.
Heat is efficiently dissipated in the path from a to the large-diameter outer clutch plate 19a 'as compared with the conventional two-stage clutch. Therefore, even when the frequency of generation of frictional heat is high in the clutch plates of the inner group, the clutch plates of the inner group do not overheat and do not wear abnormally.

Also, the inner circumference of the inner ring 20 of the inner housing 18 and the reduction gear 11
Since the ball bearing 20a is interposed between the inner periphery of the inner ring 20 and the main shaft 9c at the end of the meshing portion with the outer periphery of the boss portion, the inner housing 18 and the reduction gear 11 are provided at the meshing portion. Even if a gap is provided for facilitating the attachment and detachment of the outer clutch 12, the entire outer clutch 12 will be supported by the main shaft 9c via the ball bearing 20a, and the outer clutch 12 The run-out is reduced, and the generation of clutch noise is prevented, and the damage to the engaging portion can be reduced.

〔Example〕

 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 are views for explaining a multi-plate friction clutch device for a motorcycle according to one embodiment of the present invention.

In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a motorcycle employing the clutch device of the present embodiment, and a front end of a body frame 2 of the motorcycle includes
A front fork 4 that pivotally supports the front wheel 3 at the lower end is rotatably pivoted left and right, and a rear arm 6 that pivotally supports the rear wheel 5 at the rear end is pivotally pivoted up and down at the rear end. The fuel tank 7 and the seat 8 are mounted on the upper part.

An engine unit 9 is suspended below the body frame 2. The engine unit 9 includes an engine body 9a and a transmission 9b, and a dry multi-disc friction clutch device 10 according to the present embodiment is disposed on the front side of the transmission 9b in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, this clutch device 10 mainly includes an outer clutch connected to a reduction gear 11 functioning as an input member to which engine output is transmitted.
12 and an inner clutch 13 connected to a main shaft 9c which is a main shaft of the transmission 9b.

The reduction gear 11 is provided with a needle bearing 11 on the main shaft 9c.
a and is rotatably supported via a spacer 11b,
A primary reduction gear is constituted by a reduction gear fixed to the end of the crankshaft 9d (see FIG. 2).

The main shaft 9c has both ends supported by a transmission case 9f via bearings 14a and 14a.
The inner housing 15 of the inner clutch 13 is mounted. The inner housing 15 includes a flange portion 15a spline-fitted to the main shaft 9c, and a cylindrical housing portion 15b bolted and fixed to the outside thereof,
A large number of inner clutch plates 16 are mounted on the housing portion 15b so as to be movable in the axial direction, and inner edges of the clutch plates 16 are engaged with engagement grooves 15c of the housing portion 15b. A lock nut 15d fixes the flange 15a to the main shaft 9c in the axial direction.

The housing of the outer clutch 12 includes an outer housing 17 and an inner housing 18 which is coaxially arranged with a slight gap between the outer housing 17 and a plurality of outer clutch plates 19 inside the outer clutch 12. Are arranged. This outer clutch plate 19 has an outer group 19a and an inner group 19b.
The outer group 19a and the inner group 19b
Are the axially outer portions of the outer housing 17, respectively.
The inner clutch plate 16 is disposed so as to be alternately arranged with the inner clutch plate 16 and to be movable in the axial direction. And the outer clutch plate 1 of the inner group 19b
9 and the inner clutch plate 16 pressed against the outer clutch plate 19 and the inner clutch plate 1 of the outer group 19a, respectively.
6 are formed smaller in diameter than each. Also, at the portion where the outer clutch plate 19 transitions from a large diameter to a small diameter,
The large-diameter inner clutch plate 16a and the two inner-clutch plates 16b, 16b are arranged adjacent to each other, and the large-diameter inner clutch plate 16a presses against the large-diameter outer clutch plate 19a ', and the small-diameter inner clutch plate 16a. 16b is a small diameter outer clutch plate 1
It is pressed against 9b '.

Engaging claws 19c, 19d formed on the outer and inner surfaces 19a, 19b of the outer clutch plate 19 are formed in the outer and inner housings 17, 18 so as to open outward in the axial direction on the housing portions 17b, 18b. Outer and inner engagement slits 17c and 18c.

Each clutch plate 19 of the inner housing 18
The flange portion 18a integrally formed so as to be located further inward in the axial direction is riveted to a cylindrical inner race 20 which forms a part of a one-way clutch 23 described later. The inner ring 20 is rotatably supported on the main shaft 9c by a ball bearing 20a, and meshes with the bus portion 11c of the reduction gear 11 so as to be fixedly connected to the reduction gear 11 as an input member. I have.

The flange portion 17a of the outer housing 17 is riveted to a cylindrical outer ring 21 which also forms a part of the one-way clutch 23. Between the outer ring 21 and the inner ring 20,
A roller-shaped member 22 rotatable only in one direction is provided, thereby forming a one-way clutch 23 that transmits only rotation from the reduction gear 11 to the outer housing 17 and idles in the reverse direction. ing.

Also, the first and second push rods are provided in the main shaft 9c.
24a, 24b and a connecting rod 24c are inserted so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and on the outer end side of the first push rod 24a,
When the clutch lever is pulled, the first push rod 24a
Push lever 25 for pushing inwardly is rotatably mounted. A pressure plate 26 is mounted on the outer end of the connecting rod 24c protruding from the main shaft 9c so that its axial position can be adjusted. A pressing plate 26a is fixed to the outer peripheral edge of the pressure plate 26, and can press the outer clutch plate 19a at the outer end. Further, a spring holding member 26b is fixed to the pressure plate 26, and an urging spring 26c is disposed between the holding member 26b and the tip of the guide rod 15e fixed to the inner housing 15. Thus, the pressure plate 26 urges the clutch plates 19 and 16 to the connected state.

 Next, the operation and effect of this embodiment will be described.

In the clutch device 10 of the present embodiment, when the clutch lever is pulled, the push lever 25 rotates clockwise, and
The pressure plate 26 is moved rightward in the figure via the push rods 24a, 24b and the connecting rod 24c, whereby the pressing force does not act between the outer clutch plate 19 and the inner clutch plate 16 and the clutch is disengaged. .

When the clutch lever is released, the pressure plate
26 is pressed inward by the urging spring 26c, the pressing plate 26a of the pressure plate 26 presses the clutch plates 19 and 16 inward, and each outer clutch plate 19 and each inner clutch plate 16 are pressed. .
The engine output is transmitted from the crankshaft to the large reduction gear 11, a part of which is transmitted to the outer housing 17 via the one-way clutch 23, and the remaining part is transmitted to the inner housing 18 as it is. The power is transmitted from the inner housing 15 to the main shaft 9c via 16.

On the other hand, the rotational torque from the rear wheels is transmitted from the main shaft 9c to the outer clutch 12 via the inner clutch 13, but at this time, the rotational force of the outer housing 17 is interrupted by the one-way clutch 23. Eventually, all the rotational torque acts on the inner housing 18 side. Therefore, the inner group 19b of the outer clutch plate 19 engaged with the inner housing 18 and the inner clutch plate 16
If a rotational torque exceeding the torque that can be transmitted by the frictional force is input from the rear wheel side, a slip occurs here, and eventually the rotational torque transmitted to the engine side is suppressed.

As described above, the apparatus according to the present embodiment can release an excessive rotation torque from the rear wheels, thereby alleviating the shock at the time of deceleration and preventing the engine from overrunning. In this case, in this embodiment, the housing of the outer clutch 12 has a two-part structure, and the flange portion 17a of the outer housing 17 is located axially inward of the clutch plates 16 and 19 in the axial direction.
One-way clutch 23 between the transmission and the bus portion 11c of the reduction gear 11
It is not necessary to increase the diameter of the clutch plate and, consequently, the outer diameter of the clutch device, and there is a margin between the flange portion 17a and the boss portion 11c due to its structure. The diameter can be kept small.

Further, in the present embodiment, the one-way clutch 23 is disposed axially inward of the clutch plates 19 and 16, so that the outer race 21 and the inner race 20 are provided.
Between the inner ring 20 and the main shaft 9c.
Just by arranging b, it is possible to prevent lubricating oil from entering the clutch plate side, and a dry clutch can be realized without complicating the seal structure. In the case of a wet clutch, of course, it can be applied as it is, and it can be said that the degree of freedom in design is high in this respect. By the way, when the above-mentioned conventional structure in which the one-way clutch is arranged radially inside the clutch plate is applied to a dry clutch, the sealing structure between the one-way clutch and the clutch plate becomes particularly complicated, and substantially It is difficult to apply to a dry clutch, and the degree of freedom in design is low.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the multi-plate friction clutch device of the present invention, the outer diameter of the inner group of the outer clutch plates is formed smaller than the outer diameter of the outer group, and the outer diameters of the housing portions of the outer and inner housings are adjusted to the outer diameter. The outer diameter of the clutch device is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the inner and outer groups, and the engagement claws formed on the outer circumference of the outer and inner groups are engaged with the engagement slits formed in the housing portion. And the structure can be simplified.

Further, since it is not necessary to provide a member for engaging the outer group of the outer clutch plate in the housing portion of the outer housing, it is possible to eliminate a factor of noise generation.

In addition, the large-diameter inner clutch plate and the small-diameter inner clutch plate are arranged adjacent to the part where the outer clutch plate transitions from the large-diameter to the small-diameter, so the large-diameter outer clutch plate must be pressed against the large-diameter inner clutch plate. Therefore, even if the diameter of the clutch plate changes from a large diameter to a small diameter, a predetermined friction area is ensured, and the friction area does not decrease.

Furthermore, in the present invention, since the ball bearing is provided at the end of the meshing portion between the inner housing and the reduction gear and between the inner periphery of the inner ring and the main shaft, the entire outer clutch is provided with the main bearing via the ball bearing. Even when the engagement portion is provided with a gap for facilitating attachment and detachment of the inner housing and the large reduction gear, the center displacement of the clutch plate engagement portion of the outer clutch housing is ensured. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the clutch noise from being generated and to reduce the damage of the engaging portion.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a multi-plate friction clutch device for a motorcycle according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the motorcycle to which the embodiment device is applied. In the figure, 9 is an engine unit, 9b is a transmission, 9c is a main shaft, 10 is a multi-plate friction clutch device, 11 is a reduction gear (input member), 16 is an inner clutch plate, 17 is an outer housing, and 18 is an inner side. Housing, 19 is outer clutch plate,
19a and 19b are an outer group and an inner group of the outer clutch plates, and 23 is a one-way clutch.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F16D 13/52

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An outer clutch is connected to a large reduction gear that is rotatably supported on a main shaft of a transmission via a bearing and receives an engine output, and an inner clutch is connected to the main shaft. The inner clutch plate is mounted on the inner housing of the inner clutch so as to be movable in the axial direction, and the outer clutch housing is composed of an outer housing and an inner housing disposed coaxially with a gap between the outer housing and the inner housing. The clutch plate is axially divided into an outer group and an inner group, and the outer group is mounted on the outer housing, and the inner group is mounted on the inner housing so as to be located alternately with the inner clutch plate and movably in the axial direction. ,
The inner periphery of a cylindrical inner ring provided at the center of the flange portion of the inner housing is meshed with the outer periphery of the boss portion of the reduction gear, and the inner housing is connected to the reduction gear. A multi-plate friction clutch device comprising a one-way clutch that arranges a roller-shaped member between the cylindrical outer ring provided in the inner ring and the inner ring, and transmits only the rotational force in the outer housing direction from the reduction gear. Each of the inner clutch plate and the inner clutch plate pressed against the inner clutch plate is formed to have a smaller diameter than each of the outer clutch plate and the inner clutch plate, and the outer clutch plate is shifted from a large diameter to a small diameter. The large-diameter inner clutch plate and the small-diameter inner clutch plate that are pressed against the large-diameter outer clutch plate and the small-diameter outer clutch plate The outer diameter of the housing portion of the outer housing and the outer diameter of the housing portion of the inner housing are substantially equal to the outer diameter of the outer group and the outer group of the inner group, respectively, and the engagement formed on the outer periphery of the outer group and the inner group. The pawl is engaged with the outer and inner engaging slits formed in the outer and inner housing portions so as to open outward in the axial direction, and the end of the meshing portion between the inner ring of the inner housing and the boss portion of the reduction gear wheel. A multi-plate type friction clutch device characterized in that a ball bearing is interposed between the main shaft and the inner circumference of the inner ring and the main shaft.