JP2765840B2 - Power transmission device for hybrid vehicle - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power transmission device capable of performing efficient driving and charging in a hybrid vehicle including an engine and an electric motor. [Related Art] In recent years, in order to reduce the dependence on petroleum or to prevent environmental pollution, various types of electric vehicles have been developed. However, the battery capacity is small, and the number of times of charging is increasing. At present, problems such as that the power is inferior or that the power is inferior to the engine drive have not been solved yet.
On the other hand, in garbage trucks and dangerous goods vehicles, how to reduce the effects of exhaust gas during work is also a major issue. Against this background, there has been an idea of enabling both engine driving and electric motor driving to solve the above-mentioned problems and problems. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, it is not easy to achieve both efficient driving and charging while enabling both engine driving and electric motor driving. In particular, when the rotations of the engine and the electric motor are transmitted to the wheels via the automatic transmission, there are various problems to be solved in order to drive and charge with high efficiency. For example, JP-A-56-132102 discloses an engine and
An electric motor having an input connected to the output of the engine; a transmission having an input connected to the output of the motor; a clutch disposed between the output of the engine and the input of the motor; and an output of the motor. A hybrid vehicle including a clutch disposed between the transmission and an input side of a transmission is disclosed. In order to smoothly drive the hybrid vehicle at the time of starting when the engine is driven, a torque converter is disposed between the output side of the engine and the input side of the electric motor, and the output from the engine is transmitted through the torque converter. What is necessary is just to make it transmit to a transmission. However, since the output from the engine is always transmitted to the transmission via the torque converter, the efficiency at the time of driving the engine is reduced. In addition, when an electric motor is used as a generator and the battery is charged by driving the engine, the output from the engine is transmitted to the electric motor via the torque converter, so that there is a problem that charging efficiency is deteriorated. The present invention solves the above-described problems, and a power transmission device for a hybrid vehicle that can achieve smooth starting and acceleration traveling and highly efficient driving and charging by devising a layout of the power transmission device. The purpose is to provide. Means for Solving the Problems For this purpose, a power transmission device for a hybrid vehicle according to the present invention includes an engine, a fluid coupling or a torque converter having an input connected to an output side of the engine, and the fluid coupling or the torque converter. A transmission having an input side connected to the output side of the transmission via a one-way clutch; an electric motor having an output side connected to the input side of the transmission; an output side for directly transmitting the output of the engine; and an input side of the transmission. And a clutch that is turned on to transmit the rotation of the engine directly to the input side of the transmission without turning through the fluid coupling or the torque converter. [Function and Effect of the Invention] When the electric motor is driven, the clutch is turned off. At this time, the engine is stopped and the one-way clutch is turned off, that is, in a free rotation state, so that the rotation of the electric motor is transmitted to the transmission as it is, and the connection with the engine is cut off at this time, so that the power loss due to the engine brake is reduced. Is done. When driving the engine, when starting and accelerating, when the clutch is turned off, the one-way clutch is turned on (locked state), and the rotation of the engine is transmitted to the transmission via the fluid coupling or the torque converter. At the time of engine direct drive, when the clutch is turned on, the one-way clutch is turned off (free rotation state), the rotation of the engine is directly transmitted to the transmission, and power loss is reduced. At the time of regenerative braking in which braking energy acts on the motor,
When the clutch is turned off, the one-way clutch is off (free rotation state) at this time, the connection with the engine is cut off, the loss due to the engine brake is eliminated, and the rotation of the transmission is transmitted to the electric motor,
All braking energy can be regenerated, and the motor can be used efficiently as a generator. Also, when charging by the engine, when the clutch is turned on, the one-way clutch is turned off (free rotation state), the rotation of the engine is directly transmitted to the electric motor, and charging can be performed without passing through a fluid coupling or a torque converter, and power loss can be reduced. . When the electric motor is used as a starter motor for starting the engine, the transmission is in a neutral state, and when the clutch is turned on, the one-way clutch is turned off (free rotation state), and the rotation of the electric motor is directly transmitted to the engine. Therefore, by devising the layout of the power transmission device, when the engine is driven, smooth start and acceleration traveling are enabled, and the clutch is turned on to directly output the rotation of the engine, thereby achieving efficient driving. Can be. Further, at the time of charging by the engine, similar highly efficient charging can be achieved. In addition, by employing a one-way clutch, all of the above-mentioned transmissions can be performed with one clutch operation, and connection / disconnection control of each element can be simplified. Example Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a power transmission device 1 for a hybrid vehicle according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual view showing an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a view showing an example of a vehicle to which the present invention is applied. (A) is a side view, (B) is a front view, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 6, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are diagrams showing a specific configuration example of FIG. FIG. 2 shows an example of a vehicle to which the present invention is applied. In a vehicle having one front wheel 1 and two rear wheels 2, an engine 3, an electric motor 4, and a transmission 5 are disposed on the front wheel 1 side. A chain 6 is stretched between the electric motor 4 and the transmission 5. Note that the present invention is not limited to three-wheeled vehicles, but can be applied to four-wheeled vehicles,
It is also possible to arrange a drive system on the rear wheel side,
It is also possible to apply to all-wheel drive vehicles. First, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Between the engine 3 and the transmission 5, there is provided a path for transmission via the fluid coupling (or torque converter) 7 and the one-way clutch (clutch No. 1) 8 and a path for transmission only via the clutch (NO. 2) 9. , The output of the electric motor 4 is transmitted to the input side of the transmission 5. FIG. 3 to FIG. 7 show the specific layout. In FIG. 3, an output shaft 11 of the engine 3 is connected to a pump impeller 10 of the torque converter 7, a hollow shaft 13 is connected to a turbine runner 12, and the hollow shaft 13
A one-way clutch 8 constituting a clutch (NO. 1) is disposed between the drive shaft 15 and the
Clutch (NO.2) 9 between 11 and first drive gear 15
Are arranged. A second drive gear 17 is provided on a rotating shaft 16 of the electric motor 4, and a driven gear 20 is provided on an input shaft 19 of the transmission 5. As shown in FIG. Drive gear 15, second
The chain 6 is stretched between the drive gear 17 and the driven gear 20. The power transmission device for a hybrid vehicle having the above configuration switches between a one-way clutch (clutch No. 1) and a clutch (NO. 2) depending on the use state of the engine and the electric motor. When the electric motor 4 is driven, the clutch (NO. 2) is turned off. At this time, the engine is stopped and the clutch (NO.
Since the one-way clutch 8 constituting 1) is turned off, that is, in a free rotation state, the rotation of the electric motor 4 is transmitted to the transmission 5 as it is, and the connection with the engine 3 is cut off at this time, so that the power loss due to the engine brake is reduced. Is done. When the engine 3 is driven, when the clutch (NO.2) is turned off during starting and acceleration, the one-way clutch 8 constituting the clutch (NO.1) is turned on (locked), and the rotation of the engine 3 is controlled by the torque converter 7. Through the transmission 5. At the time of direct drive of the engine, when the clutch (NO.2) is turned on, the one-way clutch 8 constituting the clutch (NO.1) is turned off (free), and the rotation of the engine 3 is directly transmitted to the transmission 5 via the output shaft 11. And the power loss is reduced. During regenerative braking (when braking energy is applied to the electric motor), the clutch (NO.2) is turned off. At this time, the one-way clutch 8 constituting the clutch (NO.1) is turned off (free). Therefore, the connection with the engine 3 is cut off, the loss due to the engine brake is eliminated, all the braking energy can be regenerated, and the electric motor 4 can be efficiently used as a generator. When the engine 3 is charged, when the clutch (NO. 2) is turned on, the one-way clutch 8 constituting the clutch (NO. 1) is turned off (free), and the rotation of the engine 3 is transmitted via the output shaft 11. Direct motor 4
And can be charged without going through the torque converter 7,
Power loss can be reduced. This charging can be performed when the vehicle is stopped (the transmission is in a neutral state) or when the vehicle is running. When the engine is started, the transmission 5 is set to the neutral state, and the clutch (NO.2) is turned on, and the one-way clutch 8 constituting the clutch (NO.1) is turned on.
Is turned off (free), and the rotation of the motor 4 is
It can be used as a starter by transmitting via 11. The above operation is summarized in the table below. FIGS. 4 to 7 show another layout in the embodiment of FIG. 1. In FIG. 4, the configuration is such that the rotation of the first drive gear 15 is inputted to the transmission 5. In FIG. 5, the rotation of the second drive gear 17 is input to the transmission 5. In FIGS. 6 and 7, the hollow shaft
A one-way clutch 8 constituting a clutch (NO. 1) is provided between the first drive gear 15 and the first drive gear 15, and a third drive gear 21 is provided on the output shaft 11;
The rotating shaft 16 is provided with a clutch (NO. 2) 9, and a chain 6 a is disposed between the first drive gear 15, the second drive gear 17 and the driven gear 20 as shown in FIG. And the third drive gear 21 and clutch (NO.2)
A chain 6b is arranged between the clutch drums 9a. Here, in FIG. 6, the third drive gear 2
1, the clutch (NO. 2) 9 and the chain 6b are connected to the first drive gear 15, the second drive gear 17, and the chain 6a.
7 is arranged on the right side, and in FIG. 7, it is arranged on the left side. The operation is the same as that of the layout shown in FIG. 3, and the description is omitted. Note that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, in the above embodiment, a chain is used as the transmission means, but a belt or a gear may be used. As described above, according to the present invention, highly efficient driving and charging can be achieved by devising the layout of the power transmission device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a power transmission device for a hybrid vehicle according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual view showing an embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a view showing an example of a vehicle to which the present invention is applied. (A) is a side view, (B) is a front view, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, and FIG. 6, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 are diagrams showing a specific configuration example of FIG. 3 ... engine, 4 ... electric motor, 5 ... transmission, 7 ... fluid coupling (or torque converter), 8
…… one-way clutch, 9 …… clutch.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References Japanese Utility Model Sho 58-46202 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Sho 60-38029 (JP, Y2) (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B60K 23/02 B60K 41/02 B60L 11/14 B60K 17/04

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An engine, a fluid coupling or a torque converter whose input side is connected to an output side of the engine, and a transmission whose input side is connected to an output side of the fluid coupling or the torque converter via a one-way clutch;
An electric motor whose output side is connected to the input side of the transmission, and an output side which directly transmits the output of the engine;
A clutch disposed between the input side of the transmission and being turned on to transmit the rotation of the engine directly to the input side of the transmission without passing through the fluid coupling or the torque converter. Power transmission device for hybrid vehicles.