JP2760736B2 - Shield excavator for deformed section - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutter head having a triangular face plate of a ruler rotating about a rotation axis, or a cutter head having three arm-shaped cutters extending from the rotation axis to a vertex of a triangle of the ruler. While rotating,
The present invention relates to a shield excavator for a deformed cross section that excavates a tunnel having an oval cross section or a rectangular cross section by revolving around a rotation axis at a predetermined speed in a same direction or a reverse direction at a predetermined eccentric distance.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, a tunnel having a rectangular cross section is excavated by revolving a rotating shaft of a rotating cutter head around a central axis separated by a predetermined distance.
No. 281995, JP-A-4-281996 and JP-A-4-281997.

[0003] The cutter head of the shield machine disclosed in these publications has a front view shape that is the same shape as the ruler triangle or all shapes included in the ruler triangle, and the revolving direction of the cutter head is changed by the cutter head. And the revolution speed of the cutter head is three times the revolution speed.

[0004] The present inventor has disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 5-17501.
In No. 4, the revolving direction of the cutter head in the above configuration is
It was proposed that a tunnel with an oval cross section be excavated in the same direction as the rotation direction of the cutter head and by making the revolution speed of the cutter head three times the rotation speed.

[0005]

According to the above construction, the rotation axis, which is the center of rotation, revolves during the excavation rotation of the cutter head, so that the shield main body of the shield machine becomes counter-revolved due to the excavation reaction force. There was a risk of being swung in the direction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and has a structure capable of supporting the excavation reaction force when the rotation axis of the cutter head is turned so as to prevent the swing and movement of the shield body. An object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavator for a deformed section that can be used.

[0007]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a first means of the present invention is to provide a front part of a shield body which is eccentric to a revolving shaft body rotatable about a central axis by a predetermined amount. A rotation shaft that is rotatable around the axis is arranged, and a cutter head having the same shape as the triangular shape of the ruler is provided at the front of the rotation shaft, and the rotation shaft rotates the rotation shaft. A first rotation drive device is provided, and the revolving shaft body is arranged on the shield body side in a direction opposite to a rotation direction of the rotation shaft body.
Alternatively, in a shield excavator for a deformed section provided with a second rotation driving device that rotates in the same direction and at three times the speed, a center rotatably supported by the cutter head around the axis of a rotation shaft. A cutter portion is provided, and a reaction force support member that projects forward and enters the face face is provided at a position corresponding to the center axis of the central cutter portion, and rotates the central cutter portion in the same direction and at the same speed as the revolving shaft body. And a third rotation driving device for causing the rotation.

The second means includes a plurality of revolving shafts which are rotatable around a plurality of central axes parallel to the shield axis arranged at a predetermined distance in front of the shield body, A rotating shaft that is rotatable around an axis that is eccentric by a predetermined amount is arranged on each of these orbital shafts, and a cutter head having the same shape as a triangular shape in front view is provided at the front of the rotating shaft, Each of the revolving shafts is provided with a first rotation driving device for rotating the revolving shaft, and the revolving shaft is arranged on the shield body side in the same direction as the rotating direction of the revolving shaft, or in the opposite direction, and tripled. In a shield excavator for a deformed section provided with a second rotary driving device for rotating at a speed of, each of the cutter heads is provided with a central cutter portion rotatable about the axis of a rotation shaft, and the central cutter portion is provided. Orbital axis of At the corresponding position, a reaction force support member that projects forward and enters the face face is provided, and a third rotation drive device that rotates the central cutter unit in the same direction and at the same speed as the revolving shaft body is provided. is there.

Further, a third means is a cutter head in which three arm-shaped cutters having the same length are radially protruded at equal angles in place of a cutter head having the same shape as a triangular shape of a ruro when viewed from the front. It is what it was.

[0010]

In the above construction, when a tunnel having a rectangular cross section is excavated by rotating the revolving shaft in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the revolving shaft at three times the speed, or when revolving the revolving shaft in rotation of the revolving shaft. When excavating a tunnel with a rectangular cross section in the same direction as the direction and at a speed three times as fast as the direction, the cutter head, whose rotation center rotates and moves in an arc shape having the eccentric amount as a radius, while rotating, enters the face face. Since the reaction force supporting member is rotated at the same speed and at the same speed as the revolving shaft body around the axis of the rotating shaft body by the third rotary driving device, the center cutter portion is always at a fixed position corresponding to the center axis. The eccentric moment generated by the excavation reaction force when the cutter head is held and rotated eccentrically can be supported by the reaction force support member. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the shield body from swinging or turning due to the excavation reaction force, and to perform stable excavation.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A first embodiment of a shield machine for an oval cross section according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a shield body of a shield excavator.
The cylindrical support 2 is attached via the front partition 3 and a predetermined eccentricity e with respect to the center axis (shield axis) a of the cylindrical support 2 is provided in the central space of the cylindrical support 2. A cylindrical rotating body (revolving shaft body) 5 having an eccentric horizontal through-hole 4 in the front-rear direction is rotatably inserted via a bearing 6.

A rotary shaft (rotating shaft) 8 is further rotatably disposed in the through hole 4 of the cylindrical rotary body 5 via a bearing 7, and a front end portion of the rotary shaft 8. Is mounted with a cutter head 9.

The cutter head 9 is shaped such that its front view shape is a ruler triangle. That is,
As shown in FIG. 3, the shape is a shape surrounded by three subarcs S passing through the other two vertices with one side as a radius R with an arbitrary vertex of the equilateral triangle as the center.

External teeth 11 are provided at the rear end of the cylindrical rotary member 5.
a ring-shaped gear (first ring gear) 11 having an a is formed, and a drive pinion 12 meshing with the external teeth 11a of the ring-shaped gear 11 is mounted on the output shaft of the shield main body 1 side. One rotation drive motor 13
Are provided, and the third rotation drive device 14 is configured.

The second rotary drive unit 18 has a fixed gear 16 mounted on a rear wall 15 of the shield main body 1 at a position behind the cylindrical rotary body 5, and further has a rear end face on the rotary shaft 8. A ring-shaped gear (second ring gear) 17 having internal teeth 17a meshing with external teeth 16a of the fixed gear 16;
The ratio of the number of teeth between the external teeth 16a of the fixed gear 16 and the internal teeth 17a of the ring gear 17 is set to 2 to 3.

A copy cutter device 21 is disposed at a predetermined outer peripheral vertex of the cutter head 9. In the shield body 1, a screw type discharging device 23 for discharging earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 9 to the outside is arranged.

In the center of the cutter head 9, a circular opening 30 having a radius longer than the eccentricity e is formed, and a circular central cutter face plate (central cutter portion) is formed in the circular opening 30.
31 is rotatably arranged. The center cutter face plate 31 is supported by the front end of a tuning shaft 32 rotatably disposed in a shaft hole 8a of the rotating shaft body 8 via a bearing, and has a front end at a position corresponding to the center shaft a. A reaction force supporting blade 33 whose part is inserted into the face is protruded. At the symmetric position of the reaction force support blade 33, two sediment intake ports 31a are provided.
Are formed.

The center cutter face plate 32 is driven to rotate in the same direction and at the same angular velocity as the cylindrical rotary member 5 by the third rotary driving device 34, so that the reaction force supporting blade 33 is always moved to the center axis a.
It is configured to be held in position.

That is, an intermediate shaft 36 is rotatably disposed via a bearing in a through hole 35 formed in the central shaft a of the fixed gear 16 and the rear wall 15, and the tuning shaft 3 is provided.
2, a passive gear 37 attached to the rear end, and an intermediate shaft 3
6, a drive gear 39 driven by a third rotary drive motor 41 provided on the rear wall 15 via a support member, and an intermediate shaft. A rear intermediate gear 40 attached to a rear end of the cylindrical gear 36 meshes with the rear intermediate gear 40, and the third rotary drive device 34 rotates the central cutter face plate 32 in the same direction and at the same angular velocity as the cylindrical rotary member 5. ing.

In the above configuration, the first rotary driving device 14
Accordingly, when the cylindrical rotating body 5 is rotated at a predetermined speed, the rotating shaft body 8 held by the cylindrical rotating body 5 and at an eccentric position revolves around the eccentric amount e as a radius, The ring gear 17 provided at the rear end of the rotating shaft 8 also revolves together. By the way, the internal teeth 17a of the ring gear 17 correspond to the external teeth 16 of the fixed gear 16.
Since the cylindrical rotating body 5 revolves once, the rotating shaft body 8 rotates 1/3 times. That is, the rotation speed of the rotating shaft body 8 is 1 to the rotation speed of the cylindrical rotating body 5.
/ 3.

At this time, the locus of the outer circumference of the cutter head 9 attached to the front end of the rotary shaft 8 is shown in FIGS.
As shown in (d), a tunnel having an elliptical shape and thus an elliptical cross-sectional shape is excavated.

Further, the tuning shaft 32 is rotated by the third rotary drive motor 41 via the drive gear 39, the intermediate gears 40 and 38, and the passive gear 37, and the center cutter face plate 31 is moved in the same direction as the cylindrical rotary body 5. The reaction force support blade 33, which is rotated at the same speed and protrudes into the face, is held at a fixed position corresponding to the center axis a. Therefore, a torsional moment is generated in the cutter head 9 due to the cutting reaction force of the cutter head 9 that excavates by eccentric turning movement, and the cutter head 9 receives a force to shift the position in the radial direction, but this reaction force is rushed into the face face. Can be supported by the reaction force support blade 33. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the shield main body 1 from moving in the circumferential direction due to the cutting reaction force of the cutter head 9.

Next, the concrete shape of the tunnel to be excavated will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, when the distance from the center of the triangular rule of the ruler to the vertex in the cutter head 9 is r, one side connecting the vertices is shown. Is represented by the following equation.

R = 3r ² / [8 (r / 2-2 × e)] + r / 4−e Therefore, the long side a, short side b, and length ratio b / a of the excavated ellipse are as follows. Is represented by the following formula.

A = 2 (r + e) b = 2 (r−e) b / a = (r + e) / (r−e) In addition, if necessary, the cutter may be used. By using the copy cutter device 21 arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the head 9, the tunnel excavation cross-sectional shape can be corrected to a desired shape. For example, it can be oval.

Here, referring to FIG. 5, the relationship between the rotational speeds of the rotating shaft 8, the ring gear 17, and the fixed gear 16 is obtained as follows. N _b = (1−a / b) × N _c + (a / b) × N _a where N _a : the rotation speed of the ring gear N _b : the rotation speed of the fixed gear N _c : the cylindrical rotating body A: the number of teeth of the internal gear of the ring gear b: the number of teeth of the external gear of the fixed gear In the formula, + indicates clockwise and-indicates clockwise.

According to the first embodiment, the cutter head 9
At the center of the, a rotatable central cutter face plate 31 is arranged,
At the position corresponding to the center axis a of the central cutter face plate 31, a reaction force support blade 33 protruding into the face is protruded, and two earth and sand intake ports 31 a are formed.
(3) The reaction force support blade 33 is always held at the position of the center axis a and rushes into the face face because the third rotation drive device 34 is driven to rotate in the same direction and at the same angular velocity as the cylindrical rotary member 5 of FIG. Therefore, even if a torsional moment is generated in the cutter head 9 due to the excavation reaction force due to the eccentric rotation of the cutter head 9, the cutter head 9 can be supported by the reaction force support blade 33, and the deflection of the shield body 1 due to the excavation reaction force can be reduced. Can be prevented and stable excavation becomes possible. (2) While the center of the conventional cutter head has a small rotational movement and low excavation efficiency, the cutter provided on the central cutter face plate 31 can improve the excavation efficiency of the center portion of the cutter head 9 and can remove soil. Entrance 3
By rotating the 1a, the efficiency of taking in earth and sand at the center of the cutter head 9 can be greatly improved.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the diameter of the rotary shaft supporting the cutter head 9 is illustrated as a relatively thin shaft. However, for example, the cutter head 9 is large, and the diameter of the rotary shaft supporting this is large. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, the rotating shaft 8 held in the through hole 4 of the cylindrical rotating body 5
The cutter head 9 may be connected to the cutter head 9 by a plurality of cutter supporting spokes 42. 4 in FIG.
3 is the second drive which is driven only by the first rotary drive device 13.
A second rotation driving device that further rotationally drives the rotation driving device 18 via a driving pinion 44 and a ring gear 45. Of course, the cutter head 9 can be driven to rotate about the rotary shaft 8 in the same manner as described above using only the second rotary driving device 43.

Next, a rectangular section shield excavator according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The same members as in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals,
Description is omitted.

The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that
By rotating the cylindrical rotator 5 in the same direction as the rotary shaft 8 and rotating the cylindrical rotator 5 in the opposite direction to the rotary shaft 8 at three times the speed, a rectangular shape is obtained. It excavates a tunnel with a cross section.

For this reason, the fixed gear 16 fixed to the rear wall 15 in the first embodiment is replaced by a rotary gear attached to a rotary shaft 51 rotatably supported on the rear wall 15 via a bearing. 52. The ratio of the number of teeth of the external teeth 52a of the rotary gear 52 to the number of the internal teeth 17a of the internal ring gear 17 meshing therewith is set to 2 to 3.

The cylindrical rotary member 5 and the rotary gear 52 are linked via a gear link mechanism 53 so as to rotate in opposite directions. That is, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, the gear interlocking mechanism 53 is attached to the front end of a support shaft 54 rotatably inserted into and supported by the rear wall 15 via a bearing. A first interlocking gear 55 meshing with the external teeth 11a of the support shaft 23, a second interlocking gear 56 attached to the rear end of the support shaft 23,
The second interlocking gear 56 is rotatably supported by a support shaft 57 projecting from the rear wall 15 via a bearing.
A third interlocking gear 58 meshed with the rotary gear 52
And a fourth interlocking gear 59 which is attached to the rear end of the rotating shaft portion 51 and is meshed with the third interlocking gear 58.

Further, the number of teeth of each interlocking gear in the gear interlocking mechanism 53 is set so that the rotational speed of the cylindrical rotary member 5 and the rotational speed of the rotary gear 52 are the same.

In the above configuration, the first rotary driving device 13
Accordingly, when the cylindrical rotating body 5 is rotated at a predetermined speed, the rotating shaft body 8 held by the cylindrical rotating body 5 and at an eccentric position revolves around the eccentric amount e as a radius, Through the gear interlocking mechanism 53, the rotary gear 52 is rotated in the opposite direction to the cylindrical rotary body 5 and at the same speed.

The internal teeth 17 of the ring gear 17
Since a is meshed with the external teeth 52a of the rotating gear 52,
When the cylindrical rotating body 5 makes one rotation, the rotating shaft body 8 rotates by １ ／ rotation. Therefore, while the cutter head 9 revolves three times, the cutter head 9 itself rotates once.
At this time, the trajectory of the outer circumference of the cutter head 9 attached to the front end of the rotary shaft body 8 is rectangular as shown in FIG. 8 and its four corners are arc-shaped. It will be excavated.

At this time, the tuning shaft 32 is rotated by the third rotary driving device via the driving gear 39, the intermediate gears 40 and 38, and the passive gear 37, and the center cutter face plate 31 is moved in the same direction as the cylindrical rotary body 5. The reaction force support blade 33, which is rotated at the same speed and protrudes into the face, is held at a fixed position corresponding to the center axis a. Therefore, a torsional moment is generated in the cutter head 9 due to the cutting reaction force of the cutter head 9 that excavates by eccentric turning movement, and the cutter head 9 receives a force to shift the position in the radial direction, but this reaction force is rushed into the face face. Can be supported by the reaction force support blade 33. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the shield main body 1 from moving in the circumferential direction due to the cutting reaction force of the cutter head 9.

The specific shape of the tunnel to be excavated will be described. As shown in FIG. 8, when the distance from the center of the triangular rule of the ruler to the vertex in the cutter head 9 is r, the length of one side connecting the vertices is r. R is represented by the following formula.

R = 3r ² / [8 (r / 2−2 × e)] + r / 4−e Therefore, as shown in FIG. There is such a relationship.

L / 2 = r... Note that, if necessary, by using a copy cutter device 31 disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the cutter head 9, the tunnel excavation cross-sectional shape can be adjusted to a desired value. Can be modified to shape.

Here, referring to FIG. 11, the relationship between the rotational speeds of the cylindrical rotary member 5, the ring gear 18, and the rotary gear 17 is obtained as follows. _{N b = (1-a /} b) × N c + (a / b) × N a ···· However, N _a: rotational speed of the ring gear N _b: rotational speed of the rotary gear N _c: hollow rotating body A: the number of internal teeth of the ring gear b: the number of external teeth of the rotating gear In the expression, + indicates clockwise, and-indicates counterclockwise.

In each of the above embodiments, the cutter head 9 is formed so that the shape in front view is a ruler triangle.
As shown in FIG. 2, even if a cutter head 62 in which three arm-shaped cutters 61 each having the same length are radially protruded at every 120 degrees is used, a tunnel having an oval cross section or a rectangular cross section is similarly used. Can be drilled.

In each of the above embodiments, the shield excavator in which one cutter head 9, 61 is provided on the shield body 1 has been described. For example, the third embodiment of FIG. 13 and the fourth embodiment of FIG. When two cutter heads 9A and 9B or 62A and 62B are arranged in parallel as shown in FIG. 7, a rectangular tunnel T1 or a horizontally long oblong tunnel T2 can be excavated. In this case, a drive mechanism for driving both cutter heads 9A and 9B or 62A and 62B can be configured by arranging two drive mechanisms of the first embodiment or the second embodiment in parallel. When the two cutter heads 9A and 9B interfere with each other, one of the cutter heads 9A is displaced in the front-rear direction with respect to the other cutter head 9B. In FIGS. 13 and 14, the cutter heads 9A and 9B are arranged in the horizontal direction, but they may be arranged in the vertical direction.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the reaction force supporting member is the reaction force supporting blade 33 in which two blades are combined in a cross shape and the tip is pointed in a conical shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Alternatively, a columnar shape that enters the face face may be used. Furthermore, each shield excavator is an earth pressure shield, but may be a muddy shield.

[0045]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the revolving shaft is rotated in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft and at a speed three times as large to excavate a tunnel having a rectangular cross section, or Set the revolution shaft in the same direction as the rotation direction of the rotation shaft and 3
When excavating a tunnel with a rectangular cross section by rotating at twice the speed, in a cutter head in which the center of rotation rotates and moves in an arc shape with the eccentric amount as a radius while rotating, the reaction force supporting member that enters the face face is located at the center. Since the cutter portion is rotated by the third rotation drive device in the same direction and at the same speed as the revolving shaft around the axis of the rotation shaft, the cutter is always held at a fixed position corresponding to the center axis, and the cutter head is eccentric. The eccentric moment generated by the excavation reaction force when rotated can be supported by the reaction force support member. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the shield body from swinging or turning due to the excavation reaction force, and to perform stable excavation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a first embodiment of a shield machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the shield machine.

FIG. 3 is a front view illustrating the shape of a cutter head in the shield machine.

FIG. 4 is a schematic front view showing a locus of a cutter head in the shield machine.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of main parts when calculating the rotation speed of each rotating part in the shield machine.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modified example of the shield machine.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment of the shield machine according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a front view showing a schematic configuration of the shield machine.

FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram showing a gear interlocking mechanism in the shield machine.

FIG. 10 is a front view showing the relationship between the size of the cutter head and the amount of eccentricity in the shield machine.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of main parts when calculating the number of rotations of each rotating part in the shield machine.

FIG. 12 is a schematic front view showing a modified example of the cutter head of each shield machine.

FIG. 13 is a schematic front view showing a third embodiment of a double shield machine having two cutter heads.

FIG. 14 is a schematic front view showing a fourth embodiment of a double shield machine having two cutter heads.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield main body 2 Cylindrical support body 3 Front partition wall 4 Through-hole 5 Cylindrical rotating body (revolving shaft body) 8 Rotating shaft body (spinning shaft body) 9 Cutter head 13 1st rotation drive motor 14 1st rotation drive device 15 Rear part Wall 16 Fixed gear 17 Ring gear 18 Second rotary drive 30 Circular opening 31 Central cutter face plate (central cutter) 31a Sediment intake 32 Tuning axis 33 Reaction force support blade (reaction force support member) 34 Third rotation drive Device 51 Rotating shaft 52 Rotating gear 53 Gear linkage 61 Arm-shaped cutter 62 Cutter head

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotating shaft that is rotatable around a center axis that is eccentric by a predetermined amount is disposed on a revolving shaft that is rotatably provided about a central axis at a front portion of a shield main body. In the front part, a cutter head having the same shape as the triangular shape of the ruler in front view is provided, and a first rotation driving device for rotating the rotation shaft is provided on the revolving shaft, and on the shield body side,
In a shield excavator for a modified cross section provided with a second rotation driving device for rotating the revolving shaft body in the same direction as the rotation direction of the rotating shaft body or in the opposite direction and at three times the speed, the cutter head is provided with a rotation. A central cutter portion rotatably supported about the axis of the shaft body; and a reaction force support member projecting forward and projecting into the face at a position corresponding to the central axis of the central cutter portion; A shield excavator for a deformed cross section, comprising a third rotary drive for rotating the cutter part in the same direction and at the same speed as the revolving shaft. 2. A revolving revolving shaft that is rotatable around a plurality of central axes parallel to a shield axis that is arranged at a predetermined distance from a front portion of the shield main body. A rotating shaft that is rotatable around a fixedly eccentric axis is arranged, and a cutter head having the same shape as a triangular rule in front view is provided at a front portion of the rotating shaft. A first rotation driving device for rotating the rotation shaft body is provided, and a shield main body side is provided.
In a shield excavator for a deformed cross section provided with a second rotation driving device for rotating the revolving shaft body in the same direction as the rotation direction of the rotation shaft body, or in the opposite direction, and at three times the speed, A central cutter portion rotatable about the axis of the rotation shaft body, and a reaction force support member projecting forward and projecting into the face face at a position corresponding to the revolving axis of the central cutter portion; A shield excavator for a deformed section, wherein a third rotary drive device for rotating the cutter portion in the same direction and at the same speed as the revolving shaft body is provided. 3. The shield excavating machine according to claim 1, wherein the cutter head is provided with three arm-shaped cutters having the same length and protruding radially at equiangular intervals.