JP2756624B2 - Tissue destruction device for fibrous materials - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for expanding and softening a tissue of a fibrous material such as a plant fiber material or an animal fiber material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, plant fibrous materials such as sawdust, bagasse, tree husks, and rice husks, or animal fibrous materials such as wool shavings, hair, feathers, and leather, have a dense and hard fibrous tissue. It has no pores and contains waxes, fats, resins, etc., so it has low water absorption, porosity and air content,
Insufficient for use as inanimate cultivation base material, seedling raising material, soil conditioner, etc., and because of poor digestibility, also when used for livestock poultry fertilizer, bulking agent, fishery feed, etc. It was not enough.

[0003] For this reason, the applicant of the present application has repeatedly studied to improve the properties of the above-mentioned plant fiber material and animal fiber material, and as a result, it was found that the tissue of these fiber materials could be expanded and softened fundamentally. They have found that they are extremely effective in improving the properties of fibrous materials, and have already devised devices for improving the properties of these fibrous materials (JP-B-56-48212, JP-B-57-37381, and JP-B-57-482). 37382).

Here, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the above-described conventional device. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 1 denotes a discharge opening 11 formed at one end and a material inlet 12 formed at the upper end of the other end. Is formed, and a rotary shaft 2 including a power transmission shaft portion 3 and a processing shaft portion 4 is accommodated inside the device main body 1. The power transmission shaft portion 3 forms a stepped portion having a different diameter in the middle, and one end is fixed to a pulley 5 connected to a power source (not shown) by a belt or the like, and the other end is a screw portion 31. The power transmission shaft portion 3 is screwed with the machining shaft portion 4 and the power transmission shaft portion 3 is connected to the radial bearings 13 and 14 attached to the apparatus main body 1 and the thrust bearing 15 for absorbing the thrust force (axial thrust force) of the machining shaft portion 4. Is pivoted by

On the other hand, the processing shaft portion 4 is a parallel shaft portion 4 having a screw blade 41 having a constant outer shape from the material input port 12 side.
a, and a parallel projection 43 shown in FIG. 8 formed on one end face (right end face front view of the tapered shaft portion 4b in FIG. 7) having the tapered screw blade 42 gradually reduced in diameter. A tapered shaft portion 4b engaged with the parallel shaft portion 4a, a reduced diameter reduced portion 4c extending from the tapered shaft portion 4b to the distal end while reducing the diameter, a small diameter shaft portion 4d extending from the different diameter reduced portion 4c to the distal end, A cutter shaft portion 4e having a tapered cutter 45 and a parallel shaft-shaped tip shaft portion 4f extending from the small-diameter shaft portion 4d to the distal end side while expanding the diameter further toward the distal end side.
Are joined by Further, between the one end of the parallel shaft portion 4a on the radial bearing 13 side and the radial bearing 13, a dust seal 5 and a radial bearing 13 for preventing the fine particles contained in the fibrous material from entering the radial bearing 13 side. An oil seal 6 for preventing the lubricant oil from entering the parallel shaft portion side is provided in this order from the parallel shaft portion 4a side.

According to such a conventional apparatus, the rotating shaft 2 provided with the screw blades 41 accommodated in the apparatus main body 1 allows the hydrated fibrous material input from the material input port 12 to the discharge opening 11 side. While being transferred to the inner wall surface of the apparatus main body 1, the material is further cut by the cutter 45, and the cut material is discharged into the atmosphere from the discharge opening 11. The fibrous material is expanded and softened and broken by the process.

[0007]

However, in such a conventional apparatus, since the power transmission shaft 3 and the processing shaft 4 are screwed together with the screw portion 31, the parallel shaft 4a is connected to the power transmission shaft. In order to attach / detach to / from the device 3, the screw portion 31 must be tightened or loosened, which is inconvenient for assembling and repairing the device, and the thrust force generated by the tapered shaft portion 4 b (the axial thrust force). ) Is transmitted directly to the power transmission shaft 3, so that the load on the power transmission shaft 3 is large. Further, conventionally, when the moisture contained in the fibrous material to be treated is insufficient, the tissue destruction becomes insufficient. Needed.

The present invention has been made under such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to improve the production efficiency and maintenance efficiency of the apparatus and to reduce the fatigue damage of the rotary shaft and the expansion of the apparatus. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus capable of improving the production efficiency of a softened product.

[0009]

According to the first aspect of the present invention,
A power transmission shaft portion, a screw blade portion having a constant outer diameter from the material input port side, and a substantially cylindrical device body having a discharge opening formed at one end and a material input port formed at the upper end of the other end. Subsequently, a rotating shaft having a processing shaft portion having a tapered screw blade portion with a gradually reduced diameter is accommodated, and the fibrous material charged from the material charging port is screwed by the screw blade and the tapered screw blade. In the fibrous tissue destruction device, which is configured to be pressurized and compressed between the inner wall portion of the device main body and the rotating shaft while being transferred to the discharge opening side, the device is configured as described in (a) to (e) below. Especially
Tissue destruction device for fibrous materials. I. The material input port side of the power transmission shaft is
Has been inserted. B. A ring-shaped coupling member fits around the outer periphery of the power transmission shaft.
This coupling member is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the power transmission shaft.
A first ring portion to be pressed, and an element of the first ring portion;
A gap is formed between the material input port and the outer peripheral surface of the power transmission shaft.
A second ring portion provided so as to be formed.
I have. C. Thrust on the opposite side of the material input port of the coupling member
Bearings are provided. D. The material input port side of the second ring engages with the machining shaft.
ing. E. Gap between the second ring portion and the outer peripheral surface of the power transmission shaft portion
In between, the second ring is rotated by rotating the screw member.
Press the inner peripheral surface of the part and the outer peripheral surface of the power transmission shaft,
Tighten by pressing the connecting member against the outer peripheral surface of the power transmission shaft
A blocking member is provided.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the working shaft is engaged with the working shaft and is slidably pressed against the power transmitting shaft without being connected to the power transmitting shaft by the screw portion. Because it is connected to the power transmission shaft via the connecting means,
It can be easily attached to and detached from the power transmission shaft. Further, the thrust force from the machining shaft portion is directly absorbed by the thrust bearing via the coupling means, so that the load on the power transmission shaft portion is reduced.

[0011]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an example of an apparatus for destroying tissue of a fibrous material according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a substantially cylindrical apparatus main body having a discharge opening 11 formed at one end and a material input port 12 formed at the upper end on the other end side. Transmission shaft 3 and machining shaft 4
The rotary shaft 2 is accommodated.

The power transmission shaft 3 is made of, for example, a round bar having a constant outer diameter. One end of the power transmission shaft 3 is fixed to a pulley 5 connected to a power source (not shown) by a belt or the like.
, And the power transmission shaft portion 3 is pivotally supported by radial bearings 13 and 14 attached to the apparatus main body 1 on the way. On the other hand, the processing shaft portion 4 has a screw blade 41 having a constant outer diameter from the material input port 12 side, and one end side into which the power transmission shaft portion 3 is inserted protrudes in a ring shape, and is not shown on the end surface of the one end side. The parallel shaft portion 4 on which the projection 47 on which the engaging portion is formed is formed.
FIG. 2 (a front view of the right end face of the tapered shaft portion 4b in FIG. 1) having the tapered screw blades 42 gradually reduced in diameter and formed on one end face (right end face in FIG. 1). , A tapered shaft portion 4b engaged with the parallel shaft portion 4a by a fan-shaped projection portion 44, a reduced-diameter reduced portion 4c extending from the tapered shaft portion 4b while reducing the diameter toward the distal end, and a distal end from the reduced-diameter reduced portion 4c. It comprises a small-diameter shaft portion 4d that extends, a cutter shaft portion 4e having a tapered cutter 45, which extends from the small-diameter shaft portion 4d while further expanding its diameter toward the distal end, and a parallel-shaft distal shaft portion 4f. Are connected by a through bolt 46.

A material transfer portion A is formed in a gap between the parallel shaft portion 4a and the inner wall of the apparatus main body 1, while a material transfer portion A is formed in a gap between the shaft portion on the tip side of the tapered shaft portion 4b and the inner wall of the apparatus main body 1. Is formed with a pressure-compression portion B. The power transmission shaft 3 and the processing shaft 4 are connected by a connecting means 7 which engages with the projection 47 of the parallel shaft portion 4a of the processing shaft 4, and the connecting means 7 is a power transmission shaft. It is slidably pressed against the portion 3.

Here, the coupling means 7 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 are a partial sectional view and a front view, respectively, of the connecting means 7, and 71 in FIG. A ring-shaped flange 72 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the annular body 71, and the inner peripheral surface is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the power transmission shaft 3. A coupling portion 73 is formed on the left end surface of the annular body 71 in FIG.
3 (see FIG. 5 (joining portion 73 in FIG. 3)
As shown in the left end surface front view), four engaging portions 73a are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, for example, and are formed on the end surfaces of the engaging portion 73a and the projection 47 of the parallel shaft portion 4a. The processing shaft 4 and the coupling means 7 are connected by engaging the processing shaft 4 slightly in the circumferential direction with the engaging portion (not shown).

The pressure is applied to the power transmission shaft 3 of the annular body 71.
The contacted portion corresponds to the first ring portion, and the power transmission
The portion provided at an interval from the shaft portion 3 is the second rib.
Corresponding to the ringing part. In addition, a gap between the inner peripheral surface of the annular body 71 and the outer peripheral surface of the power transmission shaft 3 is provided in an inner ring 7 made of, for example, iron.
4a, outer ring 74c and tightening bolt 74 as a screw member
and a bush 74 which is a fastening member composed of the inner ring 74a and the outer ring 74c.
As shown in FIG. 7, notches 75a and 75c are provided. By tightening the bolt 74b, the diameter of the inner ring 74a is reduced, and the diameter of the outer ring 74c is expanded. As a result, the coupling means 7 is crimped to the power transmission shaft 3 and the processing shaft 4. Therefore, the power transmission shaft 3 and the machining shaft 4 are connected via the connecting means 7.

A thrust bearing 15 attached to the apparatus main body 1 is provided near an outer peripheral portion of the end face of the coupling means 7 opposite to the coupling portion 73. Further, a thrust bearing 15 in FIG. Dust seal 5 on the left and right sides respectively
And the oil seal 6, and the flange 72
A dust outlet 8 is formed in a cylindrical wall of the apparatus main body 1 between the dust seal 5 and the dust seal 5. An oil supply hole 16 is formed in the cylinder wall of the apparatus main body 1 where the dust seal 5 is located. Further, the cylinder wall of the apparatus main body 1 near the front end (the left end in FIG. 1) of the parallel shaft portion 4a has an outer peripheral surface. A water supply port 9 for supplying water from the outside is formed (see FIG. 6).

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. The power transmission shaft part 3 is inserted into the processing shaft part 4 from one end side of the processing shaft part 4 where the projection part 47 is formed, and the bush of the coupling means 7 that is slidably pressed to the power transmission shaft part 3. On the other hand, the processing shaft portion 4 is engaged with the engaging portion (not shown) formed on the end face of the one end and the engaging portion 73a of the connecting portion 73 of the connecting means 7 so that the power is transmitted through the connecting means 7. It is connected with the transmission shaft 3. Accordingly, the machining shaft 4 can be easily attached to and detached from the power transmission shaft 3 via the coupling means 7 by slightly rotating the machining shaft 4 in the circumferential direction. By moving it to the left or right, it can be detached from the apparatus main body 1 or attached to the apparatus main body 1.

On the other hand, the power from a power source (not shown) is
Is transmitted to the power transmission shaft portion 3 via the connecting member 7 and the rotating shaft 4 rotates, but the fibrous material supplied from the material input port 12 is supplied with a predetermined amount of water supplied from the water supply port 9. While containing water, the material is transferred from the material transfer unit A to the pressurizing and compressing unit B by the screw blade 41 provided on the parallel shaft portion 4a, and the transferred fibrous material is located at the former stage B1 of the pressurizing and compressing unit B. The tapered shaft portion 4b is moved in the diameter reducing direction (the direction of the discharge opening 11) and compressed, and the fibrous material is further pressed by the tapered screw blades 42 to the subsequent stage B2 of the processing shaft portion B. Transported,
Since the block is blocked by the cutter shaft portion 4e and the tip shaft portion 4f, the fibrous material is further compacted by applying a stronger pressure and compression. The fibrous material that has been compacted and pressed is pressed against the cutter shaft portion 4e by the tapered screw blades 42, and is crushed by the cutter 45 that rotates together with the rotary shaft 4, whereby the compressed solid state is eliminated. And is extruded toward a slit 48 (a gap between the distal end shaft portion 4f and the outer periphery of the cutter 45 and the apparatus main body 1), and then is discharged to the outside of the apparatus main body 1 through the discharge opening 11. Here, the change state of the material in the series of material processing steps will be described. The material containing a fixed amount of water is pressurized and compressed by the pressure compression unit B and heated by frictional heat. Softened.
The material compacted in the pressurizing and compressing section B is crushed into small pieces by the cutter 45, and then the slit 4
8 it is compressed again. Thereafter, when the small-piece material is discharged from the slit 48 to the discharge opening 11, the pressure is rapidly reduced to the atmospheric pressure, and the compressed state is rapidly released to explode the water content explosively. In addition, the fibers and the water in the cells also expand rapidly, and the tissue is expanded and softened and destroyed extremely effectively.

In the above series of material processing steps,
Since the fibrous material is pressed by the tapered shaft portion 4b, a thrust force is generated in the tapered shaft portion 4b, and as a result, a force that pushes the processing shaft portion 4 in the direction of the power transmission shaft portion 3 is applied. It is transmitted directly to the thrust bearing 15 via the means 7, and the thrust bearing 15 receives it. Also,
The fibrous material supplied from the material input port 12 may contain fine powder. The dust seal 5 is provided so that the fine powder does not enter the oil seal 6, the radial bearings 13, 14 and the thrust bearing 15. However, even if the fine powder breaks through the dust seal 5 and enters the oil seal 6, the dust discharge port is provided on the cylindrical wall of the apparatus main body 1 between the dust seal 5 and the flange 72 of the coupling means 7. Since the fine powder 8 is formed, the fine powder is discharged from the dust discharge port 8 by the wind pressure generated by the rotation of the flange 72, so that the fine powder is prevented from entering the oil seal 6. The dust seal 5 is refueled at any time from a refueling port 16.

According to the above embodiment, the machining shaft 4 can be easily attached to and detached from the power transmission shaft 3 via the coupling means 7, so that assembly and repair of the apparatus can be easily performed. In addition, the production efficiency and maintenance efficiency of the apparatus are improved, and the thrust force generated in the tapered shaft portion 4b of the machining shaft portion 4 is directly transmitted to the thrust bearing 15 via the coupling means 7, so that the load on the power transmission shaft portion 3 is reduced. In addition, fatigue damage of the power transmission shaft 3 is reduced.
Further, when the water content of the fibrous material is insufficient, a predetermined amount of water can be supplied to the fibrous material from the water supply port 9,
Since the pretreatment of the fibrous material outside the apparatus is not required, the production efficiency of the softened product is improved.

Further, in the apparatus according to the present embodiment, as compared with the conventional apparatus shown in FIG. 3 does not have a keyway such as a screw portion, so that the tapered shaft portion 4
It is possible to reduce the possibility that the power transmission shaft portion 3 is broken by fatigue due to the rotational bending stress generated by the pressing force in the direction perpendicular to the axis b. Further, in the conventional device, since the parallel projection 43 shown in FIG. 8 is employed, a rotational force acts on the parallel projection 43 in an oblique direction (the direction of the arrow in FIG. 8). In addition, it caused slight vibration to the left and right, causing vibration or causing shear breakage of the parallel projection 43. However, the apparatus according to the present embodiment employs the sector projection 44 shown in FIG. Rotational force acts in a direction perpendicular to the projection 44 (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 2), and the area of the sector-shaped projection 44 can be made large, so that fine movement between the tapered shaft portion 4b can be eliminated. The shear damage of the projection 44 can be reduced. Further, since the dust seal 5 can be refueled at any time from the oil supply port 16, the wear of the dust seal 5 due to the fine powder can be reduced, and the fine powder can be discharged from the dust discharge port 8, so that the oil seal 6, the thrust bearing 15, and the radial bearings 13, 14 are damaged. Never do.

[0022]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the machining shaft can be easily attached to and detached from the power transmission shaft via the coupling means, so that the apparatus can be easily assembled and repaired. Therefore, the production efficiency and maintenance efficiency of the device are improved, and the thrust force generated in the machining shaft portion is not directly transmitted to the power transmission shaft portion, so that damage to the power transmission shaft portion can be reduced. Further, since the power transmission shaft is made of a single round bar, the power transmission shaft does not break due to rotational bending stress.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a fibrous material tissue breaking device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a right end face of a parallel shaft portion in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a coupling unit.

FIG. 4 is a front view (left front view in FIG. 3) of the coupling means.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing a coupling portion of the coupling means.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional fibrous material tissue breaking device.

FIG. 8 is a front view of a right end face of a parallel shaft portion in FIG. 5;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Device main body 2 Rotation shaft 3 Power transmission shaft part 4 Processing shaft part 7 Connecting means 8 Dust discharge port 9 Water supply port 16 Oil supply port

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A power transmission shaft and a constant outer diameter from a material inlet side in a substantially cylindrical device body having a discharge opening formed at one end and a material inlet formed at an upper end of the other end. A rotary shaft having a screw blade portion and a processing shaft portion having a tapered screw blade portion having a gradually reduced diameter following the screw shaft portion is accommodated, and the fibrous material input from the material input port is screw blade and In a fibrous tissue destruction apparatus which is compressed and compressed between an inner wall of the apparatus main body and a rotating shaft while being transferred to the discharge opening side by a tapered screw blade, the following a to e Fibrous element characterized by being configured as follows
Wood tissue destruction device. I. The material input port side of the power transmission shaft is
Has been inserted. B. A ring-shaped coupling member fits around the outer periphery of the power transmission shaft.
This coupling member is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the power transmission shaft.
A first ring portion to be pressed, and an element of the first ring portion;
A gap is formed between the material input port and the outer peripheral surface of the power transmission shaft.
A second ring portion provided so as to be formed.
I have. C. Thrust on the opposite side of the material input port of the coupling member
Bearings are provided. D. The material input port side of the second ring engages with the machining shaft.
ing. E. Gap between the second ring portion and the outer peripheral surface of the power transmission shaft portion
In between, the second ring is rotated by rotating the screw member.
Press the inner peripheral surface of the part and the outer peripheral surface of the power transmission shaft,
Tighten by pressing the connecting member against the outer peripheral surface of the power transmission shaft
A blocking member is provided.