JP2754453B2 - Speaker combined sensor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a loudspeaker sensor which also functions as a loudspeaker for generating various kinds of sensors such as a door open / close sensor and a passage sensor such as a number counter and a loudspeaker for generating an alarm sound. Various configurations of a sensor for detecting opening and closing of a door and a sensor for detecting passage of a conveyed article have already been proposed and put into practical use. When an alarm sound or the like is generated based on the detection result of such a sensor, speakers having various configurations are already provided.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional sensor for detecting the movement of an object, for example, has a structure having electric contacts which are opened and closed by the movement of the object, a structure for detecting irradiation or interruption of light such as infrared rays, A configuration that detects infrared rays emitted from an object, a configuration that detects a change in capacitance due to the movement of an object, a configuration that detects a sound wave generated by the movement of an object, a piezoelectric element that applies an impact when the object moves, etc. Is known, and a sensor having a configuration most suitable for an object to be detected is used.

A configuration for generating sound in accordance with the result of detection by a sensor is also known, and a bell, a buzzer, a speaker, and the like are employed as sound generating means. There is also known a configuration in which a result of detection by a sensor is displayed by a light emitting means such as a lamp. There is also known a configuration in which a result detected by a sensor is displayed on a display device such as a liquid crystal display device by computer processing.

[0004]

As described above, in the configuration in which the detection result of the sensor is displayed by a detection sound, an alarm sound, a voice, or the like, the sensor and the speaker for generating sound are separately provided. I have. Therefore, there is a disadvantage that it is not easy to reduce the size. An object of the present invention is to achieve economy and miniaturization by using both a sensor and a speaker.

[0005]

The loudspeaker sensor of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1. (1) A piezoelectric element 1 having electrodes 1a and 1b on both surfaces and a space in front of the piezoelectric element 1. And a case 4 in which the piezoelectric element 1 is supported by a support plate 2 and a hole 3 for emitting a sound generated when a driving voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element 1 is formed. And an operation piece 5 for applying a shock to 1 and outputting a signal.

(2) A detection circuit 6 for detecting an output signal of the piezoelectric element 1, a drive circuit 7 for applying a drive signal to the piezoelectric element 1 based on the detection signal of the detection circuit 6 to generate sound, and a detection circuit A switch circuit 8 for switching the piezoelectric element 1 from the detection circuit 6 to the drive circuit 7 in accordance with the detection signal of the circuit 6
And

(3) The detection circuit 6 has a structure for recognizing a preset number of output signals of the piezoelectric element 1 and for activating the drive circuit 7 and controlling the switching of the switch circuit 8.

(4) Also, a plurality of types of operation pieces 5 having different shapes or different impact forces on the piezoelectric elements 1 are provided so that the output signal levels of the piezoelectric elements 1 are different. The operation order is identified by the output signal level of the piezoelectric element 1 and the generation order.

[0009]

[Action]

(1) The piezoelectric element 1 is supported by the support plate 2 on the case 4, and when a drive signal is applied to the electrodes 1 a and 1 b, the piezoelectric element 1 acts as a speaker and emits sound from the hole 3 of the case 4. Can be. Also, for example, by moving the door 10 in the direction of the arrow, the projection 1
When the operation piece 5 is operated at 0a, the tip of the operation piece 5 applies an impact to the piezoelectric element 1 due to a restoring force of a spring or the like, and a signal is generated from the piezoelectric element 1. That is, the piezoelectric element 1 can be used as both a speaker and a sensor.

(2) The detection circuit 6 detects a pulse-like output signal generated by applying an impact to the piezoelectric element 1 with the operation piece 5 to detect the level of the pulse-like output signal, activates the drive circuit 7, and switches the switch circuit. 8 to switch the piezoelectric element 1 to the drive circuit 7. As a result, a drive signal from the drive circuit 7 is applied to the piezoelectric element 1, generated from the piezoelectric element 1 corresponding to the drive signal, and emitted from the hole 3 of the case 4 to the outside.

(3) The detection circuit 6 includes a counter and the like. When the number of output signals of the piezoelectric element 1 reaches a predetermined number, the detection circuit 6 activates the drive circuit 7 and switches the switch circuit 8 to the drive circuit 7 side. And the driving signal from the driving circuit 7 is applied to the piezoelectric element 1 to generate sound.

(4) A plurality of types of operation pieces 5 are provided on the piezoelectric element 1.
Is provided. When these are sequentially operated, the shape of the operation piece 5 and the impact force by a spring or the like are made different so that the output signal levels of the piezoelectric element 1 are different from each other. Therefore, the operation order of the operation piece 5 can be identified based on the signal generation order of the different output signal levels of the piezoelectric element 1.

[0013]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1 is a piezoelectric element, 1a and 1b are electrodes, 2 is a support plate,
Is a hole, 4 is a case, 5 is an operation piece, 6 is a detection circuit, 7 is a drive circuit, 8 is a switch circuit, 9 is an elastic adhesive, 10 is a door, and 10a is a projection.

The operation piece 5 is, for example, rotatably supported by the case 4 and held at a position shown in the figure by a spring or the like. When the door 10 is opened and closed in the direction of the arrow, the projection 10a comes into contact with the outside of the operation piece 5. The operation piece 5 is rotated, and the tip of the operation piece 5 applies an impact force to the piezoelectric element 1 by a restoring force of a spring or the like, and a pulse signal is output from the piezoelectric element 1 by the impact force.

The piezoelectric element 1 has an electrode 1 a and a support plate 2.
And the supporting strength is reinforced by an elastic adhesive 9. The space between the support plate 2 and the front surface of the piezoelectric element 1 and the inside of the case 4 can be used as a resonance chamber, and the sound generated from the piezoelectric element 1 can be efficiently radiated to the outside from the hole 3. can do. The sound pressure of the piezoelectric element 1 varies depending on the frequency and voltage of the drive signal.
With a sine wave signal of z, it is possible to make about 100 phones at a position of 1 m.

The switch circuit 8 can be constituted by a switching element such as a transistor. The switch circuit 8 is normally switched and connected to the position shown in the figure. 1, an output signal of the piezoelectric element 1 generated by the shock is applied to a detection circuit 6 via a switch circuit 8, and the detection circuit 6 detects the level of the pulse-like output signal of the piezoelectric element 1 and the like. The detection signal is applied to the drive circuit 7 and the switch circuit 8, and the switch circuit 8
Is connected to the drive circuit 7 side, and the drive circuit 7 outputs a drive signal for generating a detection sound, an alarm sound, and the like. This drive signal is applied to the piezoelectric element 1 via the switch circuit 8, and the sound generated from the piezoelectric element 1 is radiated outside through the hole 3. It is also possible to provide a sound reproducing device, a sound synthesizing device, or the like in the drive circuit 7 and output a sound signal to generate sound from the piezoelectric element 1. Further, the switch circuit 8 may be configured to switch and connect to the detection circuit 6 after a set time by a timer or the like, or to switch and connect to the detection circuit 6 by manual operation of a reset switch or the like. That is, when the switch circuit 8 returns to the original state,
Sound generation from the piezoelectric element 1 can be stopped.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of an operation piece of one-way operation, showing a part of a piezoelectric element 1 having electrodes 1a and 1b on both surfaces, 11 is a support shaft, 12 is a bearing, 13 is an operation section, 1
4 is a working part, 15 is a hammer part, 16 is a spring, 17
Is a spring support. 10 is a door, 10b is a fixed part, 10c is a movable part, and 10d is a shaft part.

The operating piece 5 shown in FIG.
3, a working portion 14 and a hammer portion 15, and a bearing portion 12
Is rotatably supported by the support shaft 11. A spring 16 is provided between the operating portion 14 and the support portion 17.
Is pulled toward the piezoelectric element 1 side. Also, the protrusion of the door 10
It comprises a fixed part 10b, a movable part 10c and a shaft part 10d,
The movable portion 10c is rotated by the shaft portion 10d with respect to the fixed portion 10b as shown by a dashed line 10c ', but a spring (not shown) applies a force to return to the solid line position. In other words, a configuration similar to a hinge with a spring can be provided.

When the door 10 is moved in the direction of arrow A from the position of the door 10 and the operation piece 5 indicated by the solid line, the movable portion 10c of the projection of the door 10 comes into contact with the operation portion 13 of the operation piece 5 and the spring 16 The operation piece 5 is rotated to the dotted line position against the force. When the door 10 further moves, the operation portion 13 of the operation piece 5 moves away from the movable portion 10c of the projection of the door 10, and the operation portion 13 is in a free state. As a result, the hammer portion 15 at the tip of the working portion 14 is restored by the restoring force of the spring 6.
Imposes an impact on the piezoelectric element 1. Therefore, a pulse signal is generated from the piezoelectric element 1.

In this case, the signal level corresponds to the impact force, so that a desired signal level can be obtained.
The restoring force of the spring 16 can be selected. If the restoring force of the spring 16 is too large, the door 1
Since the force for moving 0 becomes large, the selection is made in consideration of these forces. It is also possible to provide a spring for applying a restoring force between the support shaft 11 and the operating portion 14 or between the support shaft 11 and the operation portion 13. In this case, the spring is wound around the support shaft 11. It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a restoring force is applied by a coil spring or a leaf spring. Further, although the case where the hammer 15 is spherical is shown, the present invention is not limited to this, and various shapes can be used.

Next, when the door 10 is moved in the direction of the arrow B, the operating portion 13 of the operating piece 5
When the contact portion 0c abuts, the operation portion 13 cannot rotate because the hammer portion 15 abuts on the piezoelectric element 1,
The movable portion 10c rotates as shown by a dashed line 10c 'against the force of a spring (not shown), and can move the door 10 in the direction of arrow B.

Therefore, when the door 10 is moved in the direction of arrow A from the closed state and opened, a signal can be generated from the piezoelectric element 1 and detected. As a result, FIG.
As described above, the switch circuit 8 is controlled to connect the drive circuit 7 to the piezoelectric element 1, and a drive signal from the drive circuit 7 is applied to the piezoelectric element 1 to generate a detection sound, an alarm sound, and the like. it can.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the operation piece for bidirectional operation, wherein 21 is a support shaft, 22 is a bearing, 23 is an operation part, and 24
Represents an action portion, 25 represents a hammer portion, and 26 and 27 represent leaf springs. The door 10 is a simple projection 10 similar to that shown in FIG.
a and a piezoelectric element 1 having electrodes 1a and 1b on both sides
Shows a part of.

The support shaft 21 is fixed to a case (not shown) or the like.
Is rotatably supported, one ends of the leaf springs 26 and 27 are fixed to the support shaft 21, and the other ends are brought into contact with the operation unit 24, the solid line position is at the neutral position, and the hammer unit 25 is separated from the piezoelectric element 1. I have.

When the door 10 is moved in the direction indicated by the dotted arrow, the projection 10a moves to the position indicated by the dotted line. At this time, the projection 10a comes into contact with the operation portion 23, and the operation piece is moved against the leaf spring 27 in the position indicated by the dotted line. To rotate. Therefore, the leaf spring is at the position indicated by 27 '. When the door 10 is further moved, the projection 10a and the operation unit 23 are separated from each other. Therefore, the hammer 25 is rapidly rotated in the direction of the piezoelectric element 1 by the restoring force of the leaf spring 27, and applies an impact to the piezoelectric element 1. , A pulse signal is generated from the piezoelectric element 1. Then, the operation piece is attenuated and vibrated by the restoring force of the leaf springs 26 and 27, and returns to the position indicated by the solid line.

When the projection 10a of the door 10 moves from the position indicated by the dotted line to the direction indicated by the alternate long and short dash line, the operating member comes into contact with the operating portion 23 of the operating piece and rotates to the position indicated by the alternate long and short dash line.
Is the position indicated by 26 '. When the door 10 is further moved, the projection 10a and the operation unit 23 are separated from each other, so that the operating piece passes through the solid line position and rotates to near the dotted line position by the restoring force of the leaf spring 26, and then the leaf spring 27 With this restoring force, the piezoelectric element 1 can be turned toward the dashed-dotted line position, and the hammer 25 can apply an impact to the piezoelectric element 1.

In this case, the impact force applied to the piezoelectric element 1 is smaller than when the door 10 is moved in the direction of the dotted arrow. In addition, when the door 10 is moved in the direction of the dotted line arrow, the leaf spring 26 is moved in the direction of the dashed line, and when the door 10 is moved in the direction of the dashed line, the leaf spring 27 is moved in the direction of the dotted line. Then, an impact force can be applied to the piezoelectric element 1 by effectively utilizing the restoring force of the leaf springs 26 and 27.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of an operation piece using a cam, 31 is a support shaft, 32 is a bearing portion, 33 is an operation portion, 34
Is a working portion, 35 is a hammer portion, 36 is a spring, 37 is a cam portion, 38 is a reciprocating piece, 39 is a spring, 40 is a contact piece, 41 is a pin, and 42 is a spring. The contact piece 40 is rotatably supported by the reciprocating piece 38 by a pin 41 and is maintained at a solid line position by a spring 42.

When the door 10 moves in the direction of the solid arrow, the projection 10a comes into contact with the cam portion 37, and the cam portion 37 is pushed down against the spring 39. As a result, the reciprocating piece 38 is pushed down, and the operating portion 33 is pushed down by the tip of the contact piece 40 against the spring 36, and rotates about the support shaft 31 to the position indicated by the chain line.
In this state, the contact piece 40 separates from the operation section 33, and the hammer 35 applies an impact to the piezoelectric element 1 by the restoring force of the spring 36. Therefore, a pulse signal is generated from the piezoelectric element 1.

Then, the projection 10a of the door 10 is
Through the reciprocating member 38 due to the restoring force of the spring 39.
Rises. At this time, when the contact piece 40 comes into contact with the operation portion 33, as shown below, 40 '
The reciprocating piece 38 returns to the original solid line position, and the contact piece 40 also returns to the solid line position by the spring 42.

Also, when the projection 10a of the door 10 moves from the position indicated by the dashed line to the direction indicated by the dashed line, the cam portion 37 is similarly pushed down.
And a pulse-like signal can be generated.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view of a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein 50 is a door, 50a is a protrusion, 51 is a piezoelectric element, 51
a and 51b are electrodes, 52 is a support plate, 53 is a hole, 54 is a case, 55A and 55B are operation pieces, 56 is a detection circuit, 57
Is a drive circuit, 58 is a switch circuit, 59 is an elastic adhesive,
61 and 62 are comparators, and 63 is a judgment unit.

This embodiment shows a case in which two operation pieces 55A and 55B having different shapes are provided, the support plate 52 and the case 54 are made of metal, and the support plate 52 and the electrode 51a of the piezoelectric element 51 are connected to each other. Are connected to the ground side, and the electrode 51b is connected to the detection circuit 56 or the drive circuit 57 via the switch circuit 58.
It is configured to switch connection. Also, the operation piece 55A,
Assuming that the configuration in which the door 55B is operated in both directions is adopted, when the door 10 is moved in the direction of the solid line arrow, an impact by the operation piece 55A is first applied to the piezoelectric element 51,
Next, an impact is applied by the operation piece 55B. Next, in the case of moving in the direction of the dotted arrow, the impact by the operation piece 55A is applied after the impact by the operation piece 55B.

When the restoring force of the hammer portion or the spring of the operating piece 55A is increased and the restoring force of the hammer portion or the spring of the operating piece 55B is reduced, the signal level generated in the piezoelectric element 51 by the impact force of the operating piece 55A becomes The signal level is increased by the signal level generated in the piezoelectric element 51 by the impact force of the operation piece 55B. Therefore, the comparator 6 of the detection circuit 56
1 is set lower than the signal level generated by the impact force of the operation piece 55A and higher than the signal level generated by the impact force of the operation piece 55B, and the reference voltage Vr2 of the comparator 62 is set to the impact level of the operation piece 55B. Set lower than signal level generated by force.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are explanatory diagrams of the signal detection operation when the reference voltage of the comparator is set as described above. FIG. 6A shows a signal generated by the impact force of the operation piece 55A, and FIG. 6B shows the operation piece 55B. The signal generated by the impact force of
r1 and Vr2, respectively.
Accordingly, when the door 50 moves in the direction of the solid arrow, the output signals of the piezoelectric elements 51 are obtained in the order shown in (c). When the door 50 moves in the direction of the dotted arrow, the output signals of the piezoelectric elements 51 come in the order shown in (d). An output signal is obtained.

Therefore, in the judgment section 63, the comparator 6
After the output signals are simultaneously obtained from the comparators 62,
, It can be determined that the door 50 has moved in the direction of the solid arrow. When the output signals are simultaneously obtained from the comparators 61 and 62 after the output signal is obtained from the comparator 62, it can be determined that the door 50 has moved in the direction of the dotted arrow.

The operation piece 55A applies an impact to the piezoelectric element 51 only when the door 50 is moved in the direction of the solid arrow, and
5B can be configured to apply an impact to the piezoelectric element 51 only when the door 50 moves in the direction of the dotted arrow. In other words, although the directions are opposite to each other, it is also possible to use operation pieces that are operated in one direction. In that case, FIG.
Since the signal shown in (b) is obtained, when the output signals are simultaneously obtained from the comparators 61 and 62, it is determined that the door 50 has moved in the direction of the solid arrow, and the output signal is obtained only from the comparator 62. When it is determined that the door 50 has moved in the direction of the dotted arrow.

The determination unit 63 may determine the moving direction of the door 50 and output a determination signal s1 in the direction of the solid arrow and a determination signal s2 in the direction of the dotted arrow. Such a circuit configuration can be easily realized by a known relatively simple sequential circuit. The drive circuit 57 can be configured to output drive signals having different frequencies according to the determination signals s1 and s2. That is, based on the determination result in the determination unit 63, the switch circuit 58
Is controlled to switch the piezoelectric element 51 to the drive circuit 57 side, and the piezoelectric element 51 can generate a detection sound of a different frequency or tone depending on the case of the judgment signal s1 and the case of the judgment signal s2.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the third embodiment of the present invention, in which 71 is a piezoelectric element, 72 is a support plate, 73 is a hole, 74 is a case, 75 is an operation piece, 75a is a shaft, and 76 is a detection element. circuit,
77 is a drive circuit, 78 is a switch circuit, 79 is a comparator,
Reference numeral 80 denotes a counting unit, 81 denotes a determination unit, 82 denotes a reference voltage, 83 denotes a hopper, 84 denotes a storage box, 85 denotes a transport path, and 86 denotes a component such as a ball.

The piezoelectric element 71 in this embodiment is similar to the piezoelectric element 51 shown in FIG. 5 in the case where the support plate 72 and the case 74 are made of metal and are on the ground side. A case is shown in which the apparatus comprises a device 79, a counting section 80 for counting the output signal thereof, and a judging section 81 for judging the counting result.

When the component 86 slides down or rolls down from the hopper 83 on the inclined conveyance path 85, the operation piece 75 is rotated about the shaft 75a as shown by an arrow. Thereby, an impact is applied to the piezoelectric element 71 by the operation piece 75 by a spring or the like (not shown). Accordingly, a pulse-like signal is generated from the piezoelectric element 71, and the comparator 7 of the detection circuit 76
9 is input.

The comparator 79 compares the pulse-like output signal of the piezoelectric element 71 with the reference voltage 82, and
Outputs a signal when exceeds. The counting unit 80 counts the signal, and when the count reaches a preset count value, the determining unit 81
Outputs a detection signal, activates the drive circuit 77, and controls the switch circuit 78 to drive the piezoelectric element 71 to the drive circuit 7.
7 and switch connection. As a result, a drive signal from the drive circuit 77 is applied to the piezoelectric element 71 to generate sound,
The light is radiated from the hole 73 of the case 74 to the outside.

If the determination section 81 is set so as to output a detection signal each time the output signal of the comparator 79 is counted by the counting section 80 once, the piezoelectric element 71 is output every time the component 86 passes through the transport path 85. Can generate a detection sound. It is also possible to generate a detection sound every time the counting section 80 counts, for example, ten. That is, the detection sound can be generated for each arbitrary count value by the setting of the determination unit 81 or the counting unit 80. It is also possible to change the frequency and the like of the drive signal from the drive circuit 77 in accordance with the count value, thereby making it possible to determine the number of components 86 passing through the detection sound.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention, wherein 91 is a piezoelectric element, 92 is a support plate, 93 is a hole, 94 is a case, 95 is an operation piece, 95a is a shaft, and 96 is a belt. The conveyor 97 is an article to be conveyed. The detection circuit, drive circuit, switch circuit, and the like can have the same configuration as the embodiment shown in FIG.

The belt conveyor 96 moves the article 97 in the direction of the arrow.
When the object 97 is transported, the operation piece 95 is
, And gives an impact to the piezoelectric element 91 by the restoring force of a spring (not shown). As a result, a pulse-like signal is obtained from the piezoelectric element 91, detected by a detection circuit (not shown), and a drive signal is applied from the drive circuit to the piezoelectric element 91 to generate a detection sound. Radiation. That is, the sensor and the speaker can be shared.

The present invention is not limited to only the above embodiments, but can be applied to various configurations using a sensor and a speaker. The hole formed in the case is
Although a single case is shown, a plurality of small holes can be formed. It is also possible to provide a waterproof structure by providing waterproof paper.

[0047]

As described above, according to the present invention, the piezoelectric element 1 functions not only as a sensor for detecting an impact or the like by the operation piece 5 but also as a speaker. Since they can be shared, there is an advantage that cost can be reduced and downsizing is facilitated. Detection circuit 6, drive circuit 7
And the like can be accommodated in the case 4 by forming a semiconductor integrated circuit. Therefore, there is an advantage that it can be applied to various uses such as detection of door opening / closing, generation of an alarm, counting of conveyed articles and generation of a detection sound.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of an operation piece in a one-way operation.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an operation piece for bidirectional operation.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an operation piece using a cam.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a signal detection operation.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Piezoelectric element 1a, 1b Electrode 2 Support plate 3 Hole 4 Case 5 Operation piece 6 Detection circuit 7 Drive circuit 8 Switch circuit

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A piezoelectric element (1) having electrodes (1a, 1b) on both surfaces, and a space formed in front of the piezoelectric element (1) to support the piezoelectric element (1) by a support plate (2). And a case (4) having a hole (3) for emitting a sound generated when a driving voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element (1), and applying a shock to the piezoelectric element (1) by an external operation. And an operation piece (5) for outputting a signal from the speaker. 2. A detection circuit (6) for detecting an output signal of the piezoelectric element (1), and a drive signal is applied to the piezoelectric element (1) based on the detection signal of the detection circuit (6) to generate sound. And a switch circuit (8) for switching the piezoelectric element (1) from the detection circuit (6) to the drive circuit (7) by a detection signal of the detection circuit (6). The speaker / sensor as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: 3. The detection circuit (6) identifies a preset number of output signals of the piezoelectric element (1), activates the drive circuit (7), and switches the switch circuit (8). The speaker / sensor according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit. 4. A plurality of operation pieces (5) having different shapes or different impact forces on the piezoelectric element (1) are provided so that the output signal levels of the piezoelectric element (1) are different. The speaker / sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that the order of operation from the outside of the operation piece (5) is identified by the output signal level of the piezoelectric element (1) and the generation order thereof.