JP2751489B2 - Liquid fuel combustion device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a liquid fuel combustion apparatus, and heats and burns atomized fine droplets in front of a nozzle for spraying liquid fuel such as kerosene into a gaseous state. The present invention relates to a pressure spray burner provided with a vaporizer to be vaporized, and to improve the combustion characteristics.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, a pressure spray burner having a cup-shaped vaporizer in front of a nozzle is known, for example, having a structure as shown in FIG. This structure will be described first with reference to the drawings.
In the figure, (A) is a nozzle which is normally pressurized to 7 kg / cm ² and sprays kerosene from the tip thereof. A cup-shaped vaporizer (B) having a closed tip is provided in front of the nozzle (A). ing. (C) is an ignition spark rod for ignition, (D)
Is an air passage connected to the blower. (E) is a primary air hole for supplying air for combustion to the nozzle portion, and (F) is a secondary air hole for supplying combustion air around the cup-shaped vaporizer (B). (G) and (H) are an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, and an air passage is provided between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. In this structure, at the time of combustion, the combustion is supplied to the nozzle (A) and at the same time, about 20% of the theoretical combustion air is supplied into the cup-shaped vaporized body (B) by the blower, and is ignited by the ignition spark rod and burned. The temperature of the vaporized body (B) and the space inside the vaporized body increase due to the heat of combustion. As the temperature of the vaporized body (B) rises, the fuel sprayed from the nozzle (A) is vaporized, discharged from the long hole of the vaporized body (B), and mixed with the air flowing from the secondary air hole (F). At the same time as the start of diffusion vaporization combustion, the vaporized material (B) is maintained at a constant temperature.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, the above-described conventional burner has a problem that an unpleasant odor is generated due to incomplete combustion generated in a vaporized body at an early stage of ignition.

In addition, when the amount of supplied air is too large compared to the amount of fuel to be supplied, the vaporized body does not sufficiently rise in temperature and steadily burns in the vaporized body, so that a large amount of soot is generated. I was

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems and to obtain a good combustion state even when the amount of combustion is changed.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a nozzle for spraying combustion, a primary air chamber for supplying air to the nozzle portion, and a cup-shaped vaporizer provided in front of the nozzle. And a secondary air chamber consisting of an inner and outer cylinder with a gap between the body and the vaporized body. A primary air hole leading to the primary air chamber, and a second air chamber leading to the front secondary air chamber. A damper opposed to the first control hole and the second control hole leading to the rear secondary air chamber is provided, and a control means for opening only the primary air hole and the first control hole is provided when the combustion amount goes from the minimum to the middle. And a liquid fuel combustion device.

(Operation) In the present invention, when the combustion amount, that is, the fuel spray amount is small, the spray hits the tip of the vaporized body and burns.
The damper is driven and adjusted so that only the front secondary air chamber located at the tip of the vaporizer supplies secondary air in a limited manner. As a result, the heating temperature at the tip of the vaporizer rapidly rises, gasification is promoted, the high temperature state of the vaporizer tip is maintained, and a favorable combustion state can be continued.

Further, when the fuel spray amount is large, the secondary air is supplied not only to the front secondary air chamber but also to the rear secondary air chamber by the damper. Air is supplied, the vaporized body is quickly heated and gasification is performed quickly, and a good combustion state can be maintained.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

(1) is a pressure spray type burner main body, and (2) is a blower for supplying combustion air to the burner. (3) is a pump for supplying fuel. (4) is a primary air chamber for supplying air to the nozzle (5), (6) is a cup-shaped vaporizer provided in front of the nozzle (5), and its base is a partition (8).
It is attached to. (7) an input control cutter which is located between the nozzle (5) and the opening of the partition plate (8) and controls the spray amount from the nozzle (5) by moving forward and backward;
A control hole is provided near the nozzle (5). (11)
Is a cylindrical secondary air chamber consisting of an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder,
The inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of air holes (14). (1
0) is a partition tube for dividing the inside of the secondary air chamber (11) into a front secondary air chamber (12) and a rear secondary air chamber (13). The gap between the cup-shaped vaporizer (6) and the inner cylinder of the secondary air chamber is defined as a mixed gas combustion section of vaporized gas and secondary air. (15) is an oil collecting tray provided below the nozzle (5), and the collected oil is collected by an oil amount controller (23) and the like via a collecting pipe (21).

(16) is a control driving device for driving the input control cutter (7) forward and backward in the front-rear direction.

Further, a damper (20) is provided in an air passage extending from the blower (2) to the primary and secondary air chambers. (22) is a primary air hole leading to the primary air chamber (4), (24) is a first control hole leading to the front secondary air chamber (12), and (25) is a rear secondary air chamber (1).
These are second control holes leading to 3), and are respectively opened and closed by the rotation of the damper (20) by the damper driving device (17). (26) is to prevent backflow of combustion gas during small combustion,
This is a small hole for applying wind pressure that does not cause backflow to the rear secondary air chamber (13).

(18) is control means for controlling a damper at least in association with an increase or decrease in the amount of combustion so as to open and close the primary air hole, the first control hole and the second control hole.

Reference numeral (19) denotes a slit hole opened around the base of the cup-shaped vaporizer (6).

The present invention has such a configuration, and at the start of combustion,
Activate the blower (2) and supply air to each of the air chambers (4), (12) and (13). The damper (20) is driven to adjust the amount of air sent to each air chamber to the amount required for the ignition combustion amount. On the other hand, the position of the input control cutter (7) is moved by the control means (18) via the control drive device (16), and adjusted to the ignition combustion amount.

Next, a spark is emitted in front of the nozzle (5) by the ignition spark, and the pump (3) is started, whereby fuel is injected from the nozzle (5) and atomized. A part of the injected fuel is cut by the control cutter (7), so that an appropriate amount of combustion is injected, and the fuel is ignited in contact with a spark flame. At the initial stage of ignition, the ignited flame burns inside the vaporizer (6), raising the ambient temperature and the temperature of the vaporizer (6) itself. After 1 to 3 seconds, the fuel vaporized gas that has come into contact with the high-temperature vaporized body (6) starts to be ejected from the slit hole (19) of the vaporized body (6). The ejected gas comes into contact with the secondary air ejected from the many air holes (14) and burns.

When the combustion spray amount is between the minimum and the middle, the input control cutter (7) is far from the nozzle (5), and the spray angle is small. Adjustment is made so that only one control hole (24) is opened, and combustion is performed near the tip of the vaporizer (6).

When the fuel spray amount is intermediate to the maximum, the input control cutter (7) is close to the nozzle (5) and the spray angle becomes large, so that the primary air hole (2) is controlled through the control means (18).
2) Adjust the opening of not only the first control hole (24) but also the second control hole (25) to supply a sufficient amount of air around the vaporizer (6).

When the flame is detected by the flame rod installed in the combustion section by the secondary air, the ignition spark is stopped. Thus, the combustion in the vaporizer (6) is extinguished, and the temperature of the vaporizer (6) is maintained by the heat of the flame burned by the secondary air.

On the other hand, the fuel caught by the input control cutter (7) falls into the oil pan (15) below the nozzle and is collected by the collection pipe (21).

(Effects of the Invention) The present invention is configured as described above, and has the following excellent effects.

(1) The combustion in the vaporized body at the initial stage of ignition can be appropriately maintained, and the unpleasant odor and soot generated when the combustion load is small can be reduced.

(2) To control the amount of secondary air in accordance with the amount of combustion, especially in the case of small combustion, to perform combustion near the tip of the vaporized body, to promote the vaporization efficiency, and to maintain stable combustion. Became possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a damper portion shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a conventional example. (4) Primary air chamber (6) Vaporizer (8) Partition plate (11) Secondary air chamber (14) Air vent (10) Partition cylinder (12) Front secondary air chamber (13) Rear secondary air chamber (20) Damper (22) Primary air hole (24) First control hole (25) Second control hole (18) ...... Control means

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A nozzle comprising a nozzle for spraying fuel, a primary air chamber for supplying air to the nozzle portion, a cup-shaped vaporizer provided in front of the nozzle, and an inner and outer cylinder spaced from the vaporizer by a gap. A secondary air chamber is provided, a plurality of air holes are provided in the inner cylinder of the secondary air chamber, and the inside of the secondary air chamber is divided into a front secondary air chamber and a rear secondary air chamber by a partition tube. Can be varied from minimum to maximum, the primary air hole leading to the primary air chamber, the first control hole leading to the front secondary air chamber, the second control hole leading to the rear secondary air chamber And a control means for opening only the primary air hole and the first control hole when the amount of combustion goes from the minimum to the middle.