JP2744583B2 - Nervous removal method and device for instant killing fish - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for pulling out (destroying) nerves (spinal cords) of immediately killed fish in order to maintain the freshness of the killed fish for a long time.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is well known that live fish picked from fish cages are faster and faster when killed (closed) rather than killed naturally. In this case, by cutting the base of the spinal cord in the fish killed immediately, the artery and a part of the vein close to the heart are cut, and the central part consisting of nerves, medulla, brain, etc. passing through the spine It is known that the freshness of fish can be maintained for a long time by instantaneously destroying nerves.

[0003] The reason why the freshness can be maintained for a long time by destroying the central nervous system such as the spinal cord, medulla oblongata and the brain in the immediately killed fish is that the peripheral nerves stop functioning due to the destruction of the central nervous system and enter into the capillary. The supply of blood is stopped, and the capillaries become empty, and as a result,
This is because the consumption of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), a substance representing the energy consumed for muscle contraction exercise, can be greatly suppressed, and the change in meat quality is suppressed.

[0004] In other words, if blood remains in the blood vessels of the fish that have been killed immediately, the autolysis of the adenosine triphosphate continues to be consumed, so that the meat is softened and the freshness is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure blood drainage to prevent freshness loss.However, lower vertebrates such as fish can spread through the body even if blood is removed from the aorta simply by cutting the spinal cord. It is not possible to process the blood in the capillaries that have been killed, and it is not possible to significantly suppress the autolysis of fish killed immediately.

Therefore, in addition to cutting the blood from the aorta by cutting the spinal cord, the capillaries are emptied by instantly destroying the central nervous system such as the spinal cord, medulla oblongata and the brain. When the inside of the capillaries becomes empty, the consumption of adenosine triphosphate, which is the energy substance for the above-mentioned muscle contraction movement, can be greatly suppressed, and as a result, the state in which a killed fish is almost alive is almost the same as that in a live state. It can be maintained for a long time with the same freshness.

In this case, since the function of the capillaries in the fish is mainly controlled by the nerves passing through the nerve arch in the spine, destroying the nerves in the nerve arch of the spine is a means for maintaining freshness. Most effective.

[0007]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a means for destroying a nerve passing through a nerve arch of a spine, a piano wire made by sharpening one end and bending a grip A1 at the other end as shown in FIG. Of the needle A was used. In other words, the live fish 1 is immediately killed (tightened) by piercing a part of the head of the live fish 1 above the eye 5 'with a hook or the like, and then the gill 9' is pryed off, and the base of the spinal cord is cut with a kitchen knife. By cutting, the nerve is cut and the aorta and the vena cava are cut. Then, the posterior part of the tail vertebra 3 ″ of the spine 3 ′ is cut (the cut is indicated by reference numeral 18 ′). Spine 3 '
The needle A is pierced into the nerve arch of
Was axially moved multiple times to destroy the nerves and medulla oblongata in the arch of the nerve arch.

[0008]

However, according to this conventional means, the nerve in the spine 3 'is only rubbed with the needle A and the nerve in the arch is not completely destroyed. There is a limit to the suppression of the decrease in freshness of fish killer 1 '.
In addition, the needle A inserted into the nerve arch of the spine 3 ′ may penetrate from an intermediate part of the spine 3 ′.
There were also problems in that the fish was damaged and the commercial value was reduced, and that the needle A could not be confirmed to have reached the medulla.

Further, since the operator has to move the needle A pierced into the spine 3 'of the fish 1' many times, the operation is troublesome and the efficiency is low. There was a problem that the burden on the company was large. An object of the present invention is to efficiently and reliably destroy the central nervous system of a killed fish without damaging the fish, thereby maintaining the freshness of the killed fish for a long time, and reducing the burden on workers. It is intended for.

[0010]

In order to achieve this object, according to the present invention, the live fish is killed immediately by piercing the brain of the head of the live fish with a knife, and the root of the spinal cord is cut off. One or both of the nerves in the neural arch in the brain and spine of the fish that had been immediately killed were destroyed by the pressure of a fluid such as air or water, or withdrawn by vacuum suction.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in order to more specifically embody the invention of the first aspect, the live fish is immediately killed by piercing the brain part of the head of the live fish with a blade, and then the root of the spinal cord is cut off. Along with cutting the posterior tail vertebra of the spine,
Then, by injecting fluid from the cut portion of the posterior caudal vertebra into the nerve arch of the spine in the fish that was immediately killed, at least the nerve in the nerve arch of the spine was extracted.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus used in the method for denervating an instantly killed fish according to the second aspect of the present invention, further comprising a main body having a size that can be held by a human hand. A needle-shaped nozzle capable of piercing from the cut portion of the posterior part of the caudal vertebra was provided in the nerve arch of the spine, and the fluid was ejected from the tip of the nozzle. In addition,
In the present invention, "pulling out the nerve" is a concept that literally means not only completely or partially pulling out the nerve outside the body but also destroying the nerve to such an extent that the function of the nerve stops.

[0013] In the present invention, "piercing the blade of a fish with a blade" is a concept that also includes immediate cutting by partially cutting the brain of the head. The most effective location for piercing the blade is the back of the medulla oblongata.
Further, the “fluid” in the present invention includes a gas such as air or oxygen, and a liquid such as fresh water or seawater. Further, as means for ejecting the fluid, when the fluid is a gas,
For example, compressed gas such as oxygen or compressed air filled in a cylinder can be used.If the fluid is a liquid, for example, tap water can be used as it is, or seawater or fresh water pressurized by a pump can be used. And can be used.

[0014]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the central nervous system of a killed fish is destroyed by the pressure of a fluid such as air or water, or the central nervous system is sucked out of the fish body by vacuum suction. It is only necessary to use a suitable device to eject fluid or to apply a vacuum suction tool to the fish to suck out the central nervous system, and the central nervous system can be destroyed or removed instantaneously. Compared with the method of piercing the spine of a quick-killing fish with a needle made of piano wire, the work efficiency can be greatly improved and the burden on the operator can be reduced. Also, it does not hurt the fish.

According to the method of the second aspect, the nerve passing through the nerve arch of the spine is blown out of the spine from the base of the spine by the fluid. Also, since the medulla and brain are located at the base of the spine, most of the central nervous system consisting of nerves in the spine, medulla and brain was formed on the head to kill fish immediately. It will be pulled out of the body from the wound hole. On the other hand, as the root of the spinal cord is cut, several aorta and vena cava are cut, and a considerable amount of blood can be drawn.

Therefore, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the central nervous system of the instantly killed fish is instantaneously and surely destroyed and the function of the peripheral nerve is stopped, so that the supply of blood to the capillaries is stopped. In addition to blood being drawn from the aorta and vena cava, the inside of the capillaries becomes empty,
The consumption of adenosine triphosphate, which is the energy substance of the muscle contractile substance of fish, can be greatly suppressed, in other words, the autolysis of fish can be suppressed, and as a result, the softening of meat quality can be greatly suppressed and The killing of fish can be maintained for a long time at the same freshness as that of alive. Further, since the nerve is destroyed by the fluid, the fish is not damaged when the nerve is destroyed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the nozzle is formed so as to be able to pierce the nerve arch of the spine, it is possible to extremely easily eject the fluid from the nerve arch of the spine.
In addition, since the central nervous system can be instantaneously removed by the pressure of the fluid, it is possible to reliably destroy the nerves from the spine. The burden on the person can be reduced.

[0018]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
This will be described based on 6). FIGS. 1 to 5 show a first embodiment according to claim 2. In a fish such as a red sea bream indicated by reference numeral 1 in the figure, a spine 3 extends from a skull 2, and an eye 5 In the upper part, the medulla oblongata and the brain continuous with the nerves in the spine 3 are located (the medulla oblongata and the brain are collectively denoted by reference numeral 6).
The heart 7 is located at a position separated from the base of the spine 3 downward, and the aorta and the vena cava extending from the heart (both reference numerals 8a)
Are extended into the body through the base of the spine 3 (in other words, the base of the spinal cord), and countless capillaries 8b extend from the aorta 8a and the vena cava 8a. Reference numeral 9 denotes a gill, and reference numeral 3 ″ denotes a posterior part of the caudal vertebra.

As shown in FIG. 2, the spine 3 comprises a number of vertebral bodies 3a, and each vertebral body 3a has a sectional structure as shown in FIG. In other words, the vertebra 11 passes through the approximate center, and the arch 12 opens above the vertebra 11, and the nerve 13 passes along with the cerebrospinal fluid in the interior (in a narrow sense, the nerve 13). The nerve 13 is called a spinal cord). Nerve 1
3 is connected to the medulla oblongata 6.

A lower arch across the spine 11 in the spine 3 has an open arch 14 therein, through which a tail vein 15 passes. In the present invention, first, the live fish 1 is destroyed by piercing a knife, such as a hook, into the back of the spinal cord 6 located above the eye 5 in the head 4 of the live fish 1 to destroy the brain and medulla oblongata 6. Immediately kills (indicated by reference numeral 16 is a hole formed in the head 3 by the blade).

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the knife 9 is inserted by prying the gill 9 and the spinal cord (nerve) 13 is cut at the base thereof, and several aortas 8a and the large aorta 8a located at the base of the spinal cord are removed. The vein 8a is cut. Then
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 5, by making a cut 18 partially with a kitchen knife or the like in the posterior caudal vertebra 3 ″ of the fish body,
The spine 3 is cut at its end, and a nozzle 24 of a nerve punching device 20 described later is inserted into the nerve arch 12 of the spine 3 from the cut portion, and a fluid is ejected from the tip of the nozzle 24.

Then, the nerves 13 in the arch 12 are discharged out of the spine 3 together with the cerebrospinal fluid, and the nerves 13, the medulla oblongata and the brain 6 discharged from the spine 3 are opened in the head 4. As a result, the central nervous system of the fish 1 that has been killed immediately is completely destroyed. Then, the function of the capillary 8b is stopped by the instantaneous destruction of the central nervous system, and the capillary 8b is stopped.
Since the inside of b becomes empty, the consumption of adenosine triphosphate, which is the energy substance for the muscle contraction movement of the fish, is greatly suppressed, and the tenderization of the meat due to the autolysis of the fish can be prevented. The fish 1 can be maintained for a long time at a freshness that is almost the same as that of a live state.

According to an experiment conducted by the present inventor, the freshness of the fish 1 in which the nerve 13 was destroyed by the above method was almost the same as that of a live fish even after about 10 hours had elapsed, and the conventional needle A made of a piano wire was used. It was demonstrated that the decrease in freshness was remarkably suppressed as compared with the fish in which the nerve 13 was injured (in each case, the fish 1,1 'killed immediately were packed with ice or put in a refrigerator to a certain extent). It is maintained at a temperature and the freshness loss is compared under the same conditions).

Second Embodiment The following embodiments shown in FIGS. 6 to 15 relate to a denervation device used in the method of the first embodiment. Hereinafter, description will be made sequentially. In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a nerve removal device 20 is formed in a pistol type, and a hose 22 is connected to a lower end of a hollow pistol-type main body 21.
While a fluid such as a compressed gas or water is being guided into 1,
As shown in an enlarged manner in (B), a thin needle-like nozzle 24 is detachably attached to the tip of the main body 21 via a base 23.

As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, a trigger lever 25 is attached to the main body 21 by a pin 26 so as to be rotatable. Further, as shown in an enlarged manner in (D), a rod 29 having a small diameter portion 29a is inserted into a hole 28 extending in a state of crossing the hollow portion 27 of the main body 21, and this rod 29 is connected to the lever 25. And the small diameter portion 29a is positioned in the hollow portion 27 to eject the fluid from the nozzle 24.

The rod 29 is connected to a lever 25 by a spring 30.
Biased in the direction of. Further, a hook portion 31 for hooking the main body 21 on a wall or the like is formed on the upper surface of the main body 21. In order to use the denerring device 20, the hose 22 is connected to an air compressor so that compressed air is ejected from the nozzle 24, or the hose 22 is connected to a cylinder filled with a compressed gas such as oxygen to supply the compressed gas. Or spout or connect the hose 22 to a water tap
Tap water may be ejected from the nozzle 24.

The use of gas as a fluid has the advantage of minimizing contamination of the periphery during the operation of removing nerves.
Because a large pressure can be applied to 3
There is an advantage that the removal of the nerve 13 can be more reliably performed. In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the denervating device 20 is formed in a rod shape. A lever 25 is rotatably attached to a grip 21 a near the base end of the main body 21 with a pin 26, and the lever 25 is attached to the main body 21. The fluid is ejected from the nozzle 24 by being pressed toward the nozzle.

In a fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 8, a small gas cylinder 33 is attached to a belt 32 wound around the waist of a person, and the gas cylinder 33 and the nerve removal device 20 are connected by a hose 22. There is an advantage that the usability can be improved because the work can be performed without changing the work place. FIG.
In the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a small gas cylinder 33 is directly connected to the main body 21 of the nerve removal device 20.

In the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 10, a rechargeable battery 34 is incorporated in the grip portion 21a of the main body 21 in a case where the nerve removal device 20 is formed in a pistol shape and a nozzle 24 is provided at the tip thereof. , The motor 35 and the compression pump 36 in order from the proximal end portion to the distal end of the upper portion of the main body 21.
And an air chamber 37, the air compressed by the compression pump 36 is filled in the air chamber 37, and the rod valve 38 closing the air supply port 37 a of the air chamber 37 is moved backward by the rotation of the trigger lever 25. Thus, compressed air is ejected from the nozzle 24.

If the structure for compressing the air in the main body 21 of the denerring device 20 is used, it is handy and the hose is not required, so that the usability is further improved. FIG.
7 is also a handy type without a hose, in which the upper part of a pistol-shaped main body 21 is formed in a cylinder chamber 39, and a free piston 40 is built in the cylinder chamber 39. Is moved by the action of a magnetic force to produce compressed air. Reference numeral 41 denotes a valve plate, and reference numeral 40a
Is a cushion material such as rubber.

The eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is a hose-less or hose-equipped nerve punching device in which a main body 21 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a nozzle 24 is provided concentrically with the main body 21 on a tip end surface thereof. is there. Reference numeral 42 denotes a push button for ejecting a fluid. In a ninth embodiment shown in FIG. 13, a hose 22 is used to connect a cylindrical denerring device 20 to a portable air compressor 43. The air compressor 43 may be driven by a rechargeable battery, may be driven by an AC power supply,
Alternatively, both may be used in combination.

In a tenth embodiment shown in FIG. 14, when a fluid is drawn into the main body 21 from the outside, the nozzle 24 is attached so as to extend in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main body 21. As is clear from the embodiment, the relationship between the nozzle 24 and the main body 21 can be freely set, and the form of the main body 21 can be freely set without being limited to the above embodiments.

The eleventh embodiment shown in FIG. 15 uses a foot-operated pump 44 as a compressed air source.
Compressed air is supplied to the denerring device by the hose 22 from above. FIG. 16 shows a first embodiment in which the central nervous system is extracted by vacuum suction in claim 1.
In a second embodiment, a tapered suction pad 45 is attached to one end of a hose 22 connected to a vacuum source (not shown) such as a vacuum pump.
By attaching the suction pad 45 to the wound hole 16 of the head 4 of the fish 1 that has been immediately killed, at least the brain and the medulla medulla 6 are sucked out.

In the present invention, it is most effective to remove the nerve 13 in the spine 3, but by blowing air, gas or fluid into the wound hole 16 opened in the head of the fish 1, The central nervous system may be destroyed or removed. Furthermore,
In each of the above embodiments, the operator performs the denervation manually, but the denervation may be performed by an automatic device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a fish.

FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a spine and blood vessels of a fish.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state in which blood vessels around the heart are being cut.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which a fluid is jetted into a spine.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are views showing a second embodiment, in which FIG. 6A is a front view of the whole denervation device, FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view of FIG.
(C) is an enlarged sectional view of the tip portion of (A), and (D) is (A)
It is an enlarged view of the D section.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a third embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a sixth embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a seventh embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an eighth embodiment.

FIG. 13 shows a ninth embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a tenth embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an eleventh embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a twelfth embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fish (live fish, instant killed fish) 3 Spine 3 "Posterior caudal vertebra 4 Head 6 Medulla and brain 7 Heart 8a Main blood vessel 8b Capillary vessel 9 Gill 12 Nerve arch 13 Nerve 16 Wound hole 18 Incision 20 Nervous device 21 Main body 22 Hose 24 Nozzle 33 Gas cylinder

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. The live fish is killed immediately by piercing the brain part of the live fish head with a knife, and the root of the spinal cord is cut off. A method for denervating an instantly killed fish, wherein one or both of the nerves are destroyed by the pressure of a fluid such as air or water, or are extracted by vacuum suction. 2. The live fish is killed immediately by piercing the brain part of the head of the live fish with a knife, the root of the spinal cord is cut off, and the posterior part of the spine of the tail vertebra is cut off and then killed immediately. A denervation method for an instantly killed fish, characterized in that at least nerves in the nerve arch of the spine are extracted by ejecting a fluid into the nerve arch of the spine of the fish from the cut portion of the posterior caudal vertebra. 3. An apparatus used in the method for denervating an instantly killed fish according to claim 2, comprising a main body having a size that can be held by a human hand, wherein the main body includes A nerve removal device for an instantly killed fish, wherein a needle-shaped nozzle is provided in a nerve arch of a spine so as to be able to pierce from a cut portion of the posterior caudal vertebra, and a fluid is ejected from a tip of the nozzle.