JP2744546B2 - Solid extractor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a solid extractor,
Particularly, the present invention relates to a solid extractor suitable for extracting crude drugs such as cinnamon and licorice.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In general, various types of solid extractors for transferring a soluble component contained in a solid into an extractant have been provided. Even when crude drugs are industrially extracted and their extracts are obtained, these solid extractors are used.
In particular, an extractor that installs a rotary impeller for stirring in the extraction tank and performs extraction by the stirring action of the rotary impeller, or extracts from the top of the extractor by spraying the extractant that has been pumped from the bottom of the extractor tank and repeatedly circulating the extractant for extraction Extractors are commonly used.

[0003]

However, in this type of extractor, the number of times of contact with the extractant is poor, and extraction efficiency is still unsatisfactory. In particular, when a crude drug that has been cut or pulverized is used as the extract, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain a desired extract in a short time only by stirring the extractant or circulating the extract. Further, when a crude drug is used as an extract, conventionally, a step of separately filtering a liquid extracted by the above-mentioned extractor with a filter and further concentrating the extract to obtain an extract has been required.

An object of the present invention is to provide a solid extractor which is extremely excellent in extraction efficiency, can simultaneously perform filtration and concentration, and is suitable for extracting crude drugs.

[0005]

As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present invention employs a solid extractor equipped with a rotary tank having a porous structure into which an extract is charged in an extraction tank. .

[0006] The rotary tank is usually connected to a stirring motor outside the tank through a rotating shaft, and is configured to rotate by rotation of the stirring motor. However, the rotating means is not particularly limited. The rotary tank may have any porous structure such as a punched metal, but preferably, the extractables collide with the rotation of the rotary tank, and at the same time, the extractant easily comes into contact with the extractables and is preferably removed from the tank. Preferably, it is a structure that can pass through. The material is preferably stainless steel, but this is not particularly limited. In order to further improve the stirring of the extractant such as water by rotation, a stirring blade may be provided on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating tank.

[0007] The filter may be adopted as needed.
In the case of adoption, any structure can be used as long as it is installed along the inner wall of the rotating tank. For example, filter cloth, filter paper, or the like can be used. In addition, it is also possible to fill the extract with, for example, a bag-shaped filter body, and to directly charge this into the rotary tank.

[0008] The extraction tank preferably has an air-tight structure capable of reducing pressure, but the means is not particularly limited. As the pressure reducing means, for example, a vacuum pump can be used. The vacuum pump may be directly installed in the extraction tank, or may be installed as an external means. When connecting to a vacuum pump, it is preferable to install a cooler above the extraction tank and to draw air through this cooler. The extractant liquefied by the cooler can be returned to the extraction tank at the time of extraction by installing a return pipe, and can be discharged to the outside at the time of concentration. In addition, it is preferable to install a heating means in an extraction tank as needed.

[0009]

The present invention is as described above. For example, when extracting an extract from a crude drug cut, the cut material is put into a rotary tank, and the rotary tank is rotated by a stirring motor. With the rotation, the water as the extractant is stirred in a spiral shape, and the centrifugal force of the rotary tank causes the cut material of the crude drug to collide with the wall surface of the rotary tank via the filter. Then, the water stirred in a spiral shape comes into contact with the cut material of the crude drug, collides with the wall of the extraction tank through the hole of the rotary tank, and after the collision, rises the wall of the extraction tank by the centrifugal force of the rotary tank and then extracts. It collides with the upper wall of the tank and is sent into the rotary tank again. By repeating this, the amount of contact with the cut crude drug becomes extremely large,
In addition, squeezing action by centrifugal force is exerted, and extraction can be performed very efficiently. When the filter is disposed on the inner wall of the rotary tank, a filtering operation can be performed at the same time. When a heating means is provided and extraction is performed under reduced pressure, the extraction efficiency is further enhanced, and concentration can be performed simultaneously.

[0010]

1 is a partially cutaway front view showing an embodiment of a solid extractor according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof.

In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes an extraction tank having an airtight structure capable of reducing pressure, and reference numeral 2 denotes a rotary tank having a porous structure rotatably installed in the extraction tank. The extraction tank 1 is, as shown, an extraction tank body 1.
a and the extraction tank lid 1b, and the extraction tank lid 1b has a structure that can be opened and closed around the arm 3. The rotary tank 2 is connected via a rotary shaft 5 to a stirring motor 4 installed at the lower part of the extraction tank 1, and the rotary tank 2 rotates by driving the stirring motor 4. F is a filter disposed along the inner surface of the rotary tank 2.

Reference numeral 6 denotes a heater disposed on the outer periphery of the extraction tank 1, and a heat retaining member 7 is further provided on the outer periphery of the heater 6 for keeping the temperature. Reference numeral 8 denotes a cooler installed above the extraction tank lid 1b, which is installed in the middle of a pipe 10 from the upper part of the extraction tank lid 1b to the vacuum pump 9, and liquefies the vaporized vapor at the time of vacuum extraction. The water is returned to the extraction tank 1 through a return pipe P provided in the middle of the pipe 10. In addition, 11 is a compound meter installed in the extraction tank lid 1b, 12 is a safety valve, 13 is a window, and 14 is an air vent valve. 15 is a discharge valve installed on the lower side wall of the extraction tank 1, 16 is a pressure switch, 17 is a stirring motor 4,
The operation panel controls the heater 6 and the vacuum pump.

When extracting the extract from the cut crude drug using this apparatus, the cut raw material is put into the rotary tank 2 together with water, and the extraction tank lid 1b is closed. At 17, internal pressure, internal temperature and time are set to predetermined conditions, and sterilization is performed. The sterilization process is performed by pressure control by the pressure switch 16 and heating by the heater 6. After the sterilization process, the air vent valve 14 is opened, and the inside of the extraction tank 1 is set to normal pressure.

Next, the stirring motor 4 is rotated, and at the same time, the pressure is reduced by the vacuum pump 9 and heated by the heater 6. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state before the stirring motor 4 is operated, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a state immediately after the operation, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a state when the operation is stable, and FIG. is there. Reference numeral 18 denotes a cut product of a crude drug. As shown in these series of figures, the stirring motor 4
When the rotary tank 2 is rotated by the centrifugal force of the rotary tank 2, the water is sent out in a spiral state to the surroundings, and according to the flow, the cut material 18 of the crude drug forms the filter body F on the inner wall of the rotary tank 2. (See FIG. 4). At that time, the water as the extractant passes through the hole of the rotary tank 2 through the filter F while being in contact with the cut material 18 of the crude drug, and the extraction tank 1 and the rotary tank 2
At the same time, while being colliding with the wall surface of the extraction tank 1 due to the stirring action of the rotary tank 2, it rises upward along the wall surface (see FIGS. 5 and 6). Then, the water that has risen to the upper part of the rotary tub 2 flows down into the rotary tub 2 from above the rotary tub 2 in a waterfall manner, is again sent out in a spiral state in the rotary tub 2, and is cut into crude drugs 1.
Contact 8 At the time of extraction, this state is circulated and repeated, so that the amount of contact between water and the cut crude drug 18 becomes extremely large, and the extraction efficiency is greatly improved.
Since this extraction is carried out in a vacuum pump 9 and carried out in a heated state, the water is vaporized, but is liquefied in the cooler 8, so that the water vapor returns to the extraction tank 1 through the return pipe P from the pipe 10. Is done.

After the completion of the reduced pressure extraction, in the case of concentration, the outlet of the return pipe P is directed to the outside of the tank to collect steam. In some cases, it may be collected by a vacuum pump 9.

When an extract having a predetermined concentration is obtained, the discharge valve 15 is opened, and the extract is taken out from the discharge valve 15. In addition, when discharging, it is preferable to rotate the stirring motor at a high speed to further extract the extract from the cut crude drug 18.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. In particular, the usage is an example,
There is no problem if the concentration operation is not necessarily performed through the reduced pressure extraction from the sterilization operation. For example, it can be extracted under normal pressure. By the way, 15 liters of water and 750 g of a crude drug as a raw material are put into the rotary tank 2, the internal temperature is set to 55 ° C., and the extract is stirred and extracted. When the extract is extracted for 15 minutes, the extract concentration becomes 27.2%. A 6% extract solution was obtained. Further, extraction of the crude drug after the extraction was tried, but only a solution with an extract concentration of 1.55% was obtained in 15 minutes, and 1.95% in 60 minutes. This confirms that the extract can be recovered more quickly and efficiently by reduced pressure extraction under heating, depending on the condition setting.

In the above embodiment, crude drugs are used as solid raw materials. However, it goes without saying that various solid raw materials such as other foods, feeds, and industrial raw materials can be used.

[0019]

As described above, the present invention is a solid extractor in which a rotary tank having a porous structure in which an extraction target is charged is mounted in an extraction tank, so that the fluid is stirred by the rotary motion of the rotary tank. At the same time, centrifugal force is added to this,
The amount of contact between the extract and the extractant is remarkably improved as compared with the related art, and the extraction efficiency can be dramatically increased.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing an embodiment of a solid extractor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state before a stirring motor is operated.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a state immediately after the operation.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a state when the operation is stable.

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Extraction tank 2 Rotation tank

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A rotary tank having a porous structure into which an object to be extracted is charged is mounted in an extraction tank, and a rotary tank is provided between the rotary tank and the extraction tank.
Is connected to the inlet of the rotary tank.
And a solid extractor in which a circulation path for the extractant is formed . 2. The filter according to claim 1, wherein a filter is provided on the inner wall of the rotary tank.
A solid extractor as described. 3. The extraction tank according to claim 1, wherein the extraction tank has a heating means.
A solid extractor as described. 4. The solid extractor according to claim 1, wherein the extraction tank has an airtight structure capable of reducing pressure, and is provided with a pressure reducing means.