JP2743271B2 - Elastic urethane rubber roll - Google Patents

Elastic urethane rubber roll

Info

Publication number
JP2743271B2
JP2743271B2 JP62022202A JP2220287A JP2743271B2 JP 2743271 B2 JP2743271 B2 JP 2743271B2 JP 62022202 A JP62022202 A JP 62022202A JP 2220287 A JP2220287 A JP 2220287A JP 2743271 B2 JP2743271 B2 JP 2743271B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
roll
resistance
urethane rubber
toner
developing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP62022202A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS63189876A (en
Inventor
泰男 平野
一男 野島
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ricoh Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Ricoh Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ricoh Co Ltd filed Critical Ricoh Co Ltd
Priority to JP62022202A priority Critical patent/JP2743271B2/en
Publication of JPS63189876A publication Critical patent/JPS63189876A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2743271B2 publication Critical patent/JP2743271B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔技術分野〕 本発明は弾性ウレタンゴムロール、特に静電記録装置
に用いる現像用ロール、転写用ロール等の弾性ウレタン
ゴムロールに関する。 〔従来技術〕 一般に、非磁性一成分トナーの現像方式としては、第
1図に示されるように所謂現像ロール2上にトナー補給
ロール3からトナーを補給し、このトナーをトナー薄層
化ブレード4により現像ロール2の表面上に薄層化トナ
ー5を形成し、この薄層化トナー5を感光体1に圧接し
て現像されたトナー6を得る接触現像法が知られてい
る。このような現像方式における現像ロール2の要求特
性として特に105〜1010Ωcmの中抵抗およびゴム硬度30
〜40度以下であることが必要である。 従来、現像ロール2の心金7を被覆する被覆層8の部
材としては有極性ゴムのNBR、アクリルゴム、クロロプ
レンゴム等が用いられてきたが、低硬度化に難があり、
一般的にとられる可塑剤やサブ(軟化剤兼加工助剤)の
混入はロール表面への浸み出しや弾性回復性等で問題が
あり、例えばロール表面にトナーが強固に付着して表面
性が変化し、トナー帯電性や電気抵抗が変動したり、感
光体やブレード、ロール等のトナー薄層化部材などの当
接部所の変形によるトナー薄層むらが生じ、画像にも黒
筋となってでてしまうなどの不都合が生じていた。 また、上記手段をとらずに低硬度化が可能なシリコー
ンゴムなどは、高抵抗であるがために金属やカーボンブ
ラックなどの低抵抗粒子を分散させる方法が用いられる
が、成型後の粒子分散性のバラツキに起因する部所によ
る抵抗のバラツキが存在するため、これを現像ロールと
して使用した場合、画像濃度や地汚れなどの画像品質の
バラツキが生じるものであった。 また、上記の低硬度化の問題や抵抗のバラツキの問題
は、前記現像ロールに限らず転写ロール等に適用した場
合も問題となる。 〔目的〕 本発明の目的は上記した如き問題点を解消し、低硬
度、中抵抗の被覆層を有する弾性ゴムロールを提供する
ことにある。 〔構成〕 即ち、本発明は過塩素酸リチウム(LiClO4)を含有さ
せたウレタンゴムコンパウンドを硬化させた弾性ウレタ
ンゴムロールである。 通常、ウレタンゴムは各種合成ゴムの中でも、低硬度
性、耐摩耗性、耐圧縮歪み性などが優れ、強力なゴム状
弾性体であることが知られており、接触現像用装置に用
いられる現像ロール被覆層として強度及び硬度の面から
みると最適のものと考えられていた。しかし、このウレ
タンゴムの体積抵抗はたかだか1010Ωcm程度であるため
に、これをそのまま被覆層とした場合には画像濃度が不
足し、またそれを解消するためにカーボンブラックなど
を分散すると、抵抗のバラツキや高硬度化といった不都
合が生じるものであった。しかるに、本発明者らはウレ
タンゴムコンパウンドにアルカリ金属塩を含有、成型す
ることでゴム硬度や強度とはほぼ独立に低抵抗化でき、
しかも部所による抵抗のバラツキがほとんどない被覆層
をもった現像ロールが得られることを知見した。更に、
このウレタンゴムロールは静電記録装置のロール例えば
転写ロール等にも用いられる。 これら化塩素酸リチウムの添加量はウレタンゴムコン
パウンド100重量部に対して10重量部以下とすることが
好ましい。10重量部を超えると低抵抗下の効果がほとん
どなくなるとともに透明性や強度、成型性などが失われ
ていく。 以下に具体例に基づいて本発明を説明する。 (1) 液状ウレタンゴム ポリエステル(ODX−106、大日本インキ化学)100phr イソシアネート(ミリオネートMT、日本ポリウレタ
ン) 11phr 過塩素酸リチウム(関東化学) 0,0.5,1,3,5phr ポリエステルを減圧下、120℃で30分間脱水した後、
上記の量の過塩素酸リチウム(100mesh under、室温24
時間乾燥)を加え撹拌する。溶液が透明になった後に秤
量し、イソシアネートを更に加え、2mm厚のシート用金
型にこれを注入し、100℃、3時間の条件で硬化させ
る。硬化後のシートは室温、30%湿度の環境下で24時間
放置した。 その後、シートは直流抵抗計(4329A High Resistanc
e Meter、Yokogawa−Hewleft Packard)で体積抵抗を測
定した。その結果を第2図の丸印で示す。また、硬度な
どのゴム諸物性を所定の方法で測定した。その結果を第
1表に示す。 (2) ミラブルウレタンゴム ミラセンE−34(TSE社) 100重量部 ステアリン酸亜鉛 0.5重量部 ジクミルパーオキサイド 5重量部 過塩素酸リチウム 0,0.5,1,3,5重量部 これらを2本ロールにて混練した後、一晩熟成させ、
150℃、10分間の条件で2mm厚のシートをプレス成型し
た。その後、前記(1)の場合と同様の方法で体積抵抗
を測定した。その結果を第2図の三角印で示す。 第2図に示した各シートの体積抵抗の測定結果より、
アルカリ金属塩(過塩素酸リチウム)の添加量の増加と
ともに液状タイプ、ミラブルタイプの別なく抵抗低下の
傾向が顕著に認められる。 また、第1表の結果より、アルカリ金属塩(過塩素酸
リチウム)の添加量が変化しても強度があまり変化して
いないことがわかる。 これらのことから、通常の粒子分散法などと比較する
と、ゴム強度をほとんど変えずに体積抵抗のみを独立に
コントロールすることができるのは大きな特長点である
といえる。 このような被覆材を現像ロールに使用する場合、ロー
ル構成上は基本的には第3図に示すように円筒状のAl等
の芯金7上に厚さ1mm〜20mm程度に被覆層8として成型
すればよく、これを例えば接触現像用装置等に組み込む
ようにする。 なお、本被覆層部材は現像用のロールのみに限らず、
現像用のベルト、転写用ロール、ベルト等電気的特性が
幅広く対応できるということで各種用途に応用可能であ
る。 かくして、本発明のようにウレタンゴムに過塩素酸リ
チウムを添加含有せしめることにより、抵抗が低下する
ようになる。この抵抗低下の理由は明確ではないが、次
の如き理由によるものと思われる。即ち、過塩素酸リチ
ウムではキャリアーイオンとしてLi+とその対イオンで
あるClO4 -に解離する。このようなキャリアーイオンは
エーテル、エステルなどの極性基と弱い相互作用をも
ち、通電時の電場エネルギーによりホッピング移動して
いくものと考えられる。 次に実施例を示す。 〔実施例〕 具体例で述べた液状ウレタンコンパウンド100重量部
に同様の過塩素酸リチウム0.5重量部を添加し、全く同
様の成型方法で20φ、被覆層肉厚6mmの本発明に係る現
像ロールを作製した。 なお、比較のため、過塩素酸リチウムの代わりにカー
ボンブラック(ケッチエレブラックEC)3.2重量部を添
加した以外は同様の方法で比較現像ロールを作製した。 これら現像ロールの軸方向の体積抵抗を測定した。そ
の結果を第4図に示す。この第4図中、丸印は本発明に
係る現像ロールを、また三角印は比較現像ロールの結果
を示す。これらの結果より、本発明の弾性ウレタンゴム
ロールを現像ロールに用いる場合、これと比較現像ロー
ルに比べて体積抵抗のバラツキが非常に少ないことが明
らかである。 次に、上記のようにして得られた本発明に係る現像ロ
ールを現像装置に装着し、下記のトナーを用い、毎分8
枚のコピー速度をもつ複写機により画像特性を試験し
た。 トナー 組成:スチレンーアクリル樹脂 100重量部 カーボン 10重量部 ニグロシン染料 2重量部 粒径:9μm 試験の結果、画像濃度、地汚れ等の問題がなく良好な
画像特性を示し、また体積抵抗のバラツキに伴う画像部
所の違いによる画像特性のバラツキも全くみられなかっ
た。 〔効果〕 以上のような本発明によれば、被覆層としてアルカリ
金属を含有させたウレタンゴムコンパウンドを硬化させ
たものとすることにより、ゴム硬度30度以下といった非
常に低硬度でかつロール部所による体積抵抗のバラツキ
が殆どなく、画像特性のバラツキもない弾性ゴムロール
が得られるという効果を有する。
Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an elastic urethane rubber roll, particularly to an elastic urethane rubber roll such as a developing roll and a transfer roll used for an electrostatic recording apparatus. [Prior Art] Generally, as a developing method of a non-magnetic one-component toner, as shown in FIG. 1, a toner is supplied from a toner supply roll 3 onto a so-called developing roll 2 and the toner is thinned by a toner thinning blade 4. A contact developing method is known in which a thinned toner 5 is formed on the surface of a developing roll 2 by pressing, and the thinned toner 5 is pressed against a photoreceptor 1 to obtain a developed toner 6. The characteristics required of the developing roll 2 in such a developing system are, in particular, a medium resistance and rubber hardness of 10 5 to 10 10 Ωcm.
It must be less than ~ 40 degrees. Conventionally, polar rubber NBR, acrylic rubber, chloroprene rubber, or the like has been used as a member of the coating layer 8 that covers the mandrel 7 of the developing roll 2, but it is difficult to reduce the hardness.
Incorporation of plasticizers and subs (softening agents and processing aids), which are generally used, causes problems such as leaching to the roll surface and elastic recovery properties. Changes, toner chargeability and electrical resistance fluctuate, and toner thin layer unevenness occurs due to deformation of contact parts such as toner thinning members such as photoconductors, blades, and rolls. Inconvenience, such as becoming out of order, has occurred. In addition, since silicone rubber and the like which can be reduced in hardness without taking the above means have high resistance, a method of dispersing low-resistance particles such as metal and carbon black is used. Since there is a variation in resistance due to a part due to the variation in the image quality, when this is used as a developing roll, a variation in image quality such as image density and background stain occurs. Further, the above-mentioned problem of lowering hardness and the problem of variation in resistance become a problem not only when the present invention is applied to the transfer roller but also when applied to the developing roller. [Purpose] An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide an elastic rubber roll having a coating layer of low hardness and medium resistance. [Constitution] That is, the present invention is an elastic urethane rubber roll obtained by curing a urethane rubber compound containing lithium perchlorate (LiClO 4 ). In general, urethane rubber is known to be a strong rubber-like elastic material having excellent low hardness, abrasion resistance, and compression distortion resistance among various synthetic rubbers. It was considered that the roll coating layer was the most suitable in view of strength and hardness. However, since the volume resistance of this urethane rubber is at most about 10 10 Ωcm, if it is used as a coating layer as it is, the image density will be insufficient, and if carbon black or the like is dispersed to eliminate it, the resistance will be reduced. Inconveniences such as unevenness of hardness and high hardness are caused. However, the present inventors contain an alkali metal salt in the urethane rubber compound, and can reduce the resistance almost independently of rubber hardness and strength by molding,
In addition, it has been found that a developing roll having a coating layer having almost no variation in resistance depending on the location can be obtained. Furthermore,
The urethane rubber roll is also used for a roll of an electrostatic recording device, for example, a transfer roll. The addition amount of these lithium chlorate is preferably 10 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the urethane rubber compound. If it exceeds 10 parts by weight, the effect of low resistance is almost lost, and transparency, strength, moldability and the like are lost. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on specific examples. (1) Liquid urethane rubber polyester (ODX-106, Dainippon Ink and Chemicals) 100 phr isocyanate (Millionate MT, Nippon Polyurethane) 11 phr lithium perchlorate (Kanto Chemical) 0,0.5,1,3,5 phr polyester under reduced pressure for 120 After 30 minutes dehydration at ℃
The above amount of lithium perchlorate (100mesh under, room temperature 24
) And stirred. After the solution becomes transparent, it is weighed, isocyanate is further added, and the solution is poured into a sheet mold having a thickness of 2 mm and cured at 100 ° C. for 3 hours. The sheet after curing was left for 24 hours in an environment of room temperature and 30% humidity. After that, the sheet is DC resistance meter (4329A High Resistanc)
e Meter, Yokogawa-Hewleft Packard) was used to measure the volume resistance. The results are shown by circles in FIG. Rubber properties such as hardness were measured by a predetermined method. Table 1 shows the results. (2) Millable urethane rubber Miracene E-34 (TSE) 100 parts by weight Zinc stearate 0.5 parts by weight Dicumyl peroxide 5 parts by weight Lithium perchlorate 0,0.5,1,3,5 parts by weight These two rolls After kneading, aged overnight
A 2 mm-thick sheet was press-molded at 150 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereafter, the volume resistance was measured in the same manner as in the above (1). The results are shown by triangles in FIG. From the measurement results of the volume resistance of each sheet shown in FIG. 2,
With the increase in the amount of the alkali metal salt (lithium perchlorate) added, the tendency of the decrease in resistance is remarkably recognized regardless of the liquid type or the millable type. Also, from the results in Table 1, it can be seen that the strength does not change much even when the amount of the added alkali metal salt (lithium perchlorate) changes. From these facts, it can be said that, as compared with the ordinary particle dispersion method or the like, it is a great feature that the volume resistance alone can be independently controlled without substantially changing the rubber strength. When such a coating material is used for a developing roll, basically, as shown in FIG. 3, a coating layer 8 having a thickness of about 1 mm to 20 mm is formed on a cylindrical metal core 7 such as Al as shown in FIG. What is necessary is just to shape | mold, and this is to be built in, for example, an apparatus for contact development. In addition, this coating layer member is not limited to only the roll for development,
It can be applied to various uses because of its wide range of electrical characteristics such as development belt, transfer roll, and belt. Thus, by adding and adding lithium perchlorate to the urethane rubber as in the present invention, the resistance is reduced. Although the reason for this decrease in resistance is not clear, it is thought to be due to the following reason. That is, lithium perchlorate dissociates into Li + as a carrier ion and ClO 4 as its counter ion. It is considered that such a carrier ion has a weak interaction with a polar group such as an ether or an ester and moves hopping by electric field energy at the time of energization. Next, examples will be described. [Examples] 100 parts by weight of the liquid urethane compound described in the specific example, 0.5 parts by weight of the same lithium perchlorate was added, and a completely similar molding method was used to form a developing roll according to the present invention having a diameter of 20 mm and a coating layer thickness of 6 mm. Produced. For comparison, a comparative development roll was prepared in the same manner except that 3.2 parts by weight of carbon black (Ketch Eleblack EC) was added instead of lithium perchlorate. The axial resistance of these developing rolls was measured. The result is shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, circles indicate the results of the developing roll according to the present invention, and triangles indicate the results of the comparative developing roll. From these results, it is clear that when the elastic urethane rubber roll of the present invention is used for a developing roll, the variation in volume resistance is very small as compared with the comparative developing roll. Next, the developing roll according to the present invention obtained as described above was mounted on a developing device, and the following toner was used.
Image characteristics were tested with a copier having a single copy speed. Toner composition: 100 parts by weight of styrene-acrylic resin 10 parts by weight of carbon 2 parts by weight of nigrosine dye Particle size: 9 μm As a result of the test, it shows good image characteristics without problems such as image density and background stain, and has a variable volume resistance. There was no variation in the image characteristics due to the difference in the image area. [Effects] According to the present invention as described above, the urethane rubber compound containing an alkali metal is cured as the coating layer, so that the rubber has a very low hardness of 30 degrees or less and a roll portion. Thus, there is an effect that an elastic rubber roll having almost no variation in volume resistance due to the above and a variation in image characteristics can be obtained.

【図面の簡単な説明】 第1図は接触現像装置の概略説明図である。 第2図は本発明具体例におけるアルカリ金属塩の添加量
と体積抵抗との関係図である。 第3図は本発明に係る現像ロールの表面の各態様を示す
概略断面説明図である。 第4図は実施例の本発明に係る現像ロールと比較ロール
とにおけるロール端面からの距離と体積抵抗との関係図
である。 1……感光体、2……現像ロール 3……トナー補給ロール、4……トナー薄層化グレード 5……薄層化トナー、6……現像されたトナー 7……芯金、8……被覆層 9……コーティング層、10……低抵抗粒子
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view of a contact developing device. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of alkali metal salt added and the volume resistance in a specific example of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional explanatory view showing each aspect of the surface of the developing roll according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the distance from the roll end surface and the volume resistance of the developing roll according to the present invention and the comparative roll of the embodiment. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Photoreceptor, 2 ... Development roll 3 ... Toner supply roll 4, ... Toner thinning grade 5 ... Thinning toner, 6 ... Developed toner 7 ... Core metal, 8 ... Coating layer 9: coating layer, 10: low-resistance particles

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭50−150438(JP,A) 特開 昭60−225053(JP,A) 特開 昭61−162545(JP,A) 特開 昭63−43951(JP,A) 特開 昭62−86076(JP,A)   ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page    (56) References JP-A-50-150438 (JP, A)                 JP-A-60-225053 (JP, A)                 JP-A-61-162545 (JP, A)                 JP-A-63-43951 (JP, A)                 JP-A-62-86076 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】 1.過塩素酸リチウムを含有させたウレタンゴムコンパ
ウンドを硬化させたことを特徴とする弾性ウレタンゴム
ロール。
(57) [Claims] An elastic urethane rubber roll obtained by curing a urethane rubber compound containing lithium perchlorate.
JP62022202A 1987-02-02 1987-02-02 Elastic urethane rubber roll Expired - Lifetime JP2743271B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62022202A JP2743271B2 (en) 1987-02-02 1987-02-02 Elastic urethane rubber roll

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62022202A JP2743271B2 (en) 1987-02-02 1987-02-02 Elastic urethane rubber roll

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP26094092A Division JPH08159148A (en) 1992-09-30 1992-09-30 Rubber roll

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63189876A JPS63189876A (en) 1988-08-05
JP2743271B2 true JP2743271B2 (en) 1998-04-22

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2743271B2 (en)

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US8354164B2 (en) 2008-12-12 2013-01-15 Ricoh Company, Limited Semiconductive member, and developing roll, charging roll, transfer belt, and image forming apparatus using same

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