JP2740304B2 - Lubrication system for angular contact ball bearings - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an angular ball bearing used for a high-speed rotating shaft.

[Conventional technology]

Angular contact ball bearings are often used for high-speed rotating shafts in aircraft jet engines and machine tools.
Such high-speed rotating bearings require particularly good lubrication.

Conventionally, when lubricating oil is used for lubricating a bearing, the following is known as a method of supplying the lubricating oil. That is, there are a circulating lubrication method, a jet lubrication method, and the like that supply only lubricating oil, and an oil mist lubrication method, an air-oil lubrication method, and the like that supply both lubricating oil and air.

Excluding the circulating lubrication method, the structure of the lubricant supply device is as shown in FIG. 8, in which the lubricant is supplied as indicated by the dashed arrow, and the lubricant is supplied through the nozzle (2). Typically, air is throttled and supplied to the inside of the bearing aiming at a gap between the outer diameter surface of the inner ring (4) and the inner diameter surface of the retainer (6).

The circulating lubrication method is to supply the lubricant supplied near the bearing to the inside of the bearing by the revolution of the rolling element, but is not suitable for a high-speed rotating bearing.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the case of air-oil lubrication or oil-mist lubrication, a so-called exhaust noise generated when a rolling element crosses a flux of air-oil or oil mist is large and causes noise. Also,
In the case of the jet lubrication method, the supplied lubricating oil does not completely enter the inside of the bearing, and part of the lubricating oil is repelled outside the bearing and does not contribute to lubrication, resulting in poor efficiency.

In view of the above-mentioned problems associated with the conventional lubricating device for angular contact ball bearings, the present invention provides that all supplied lubricant reaches the inside of the bearing, and that no exhaust noise occurs even in the case of air-oil lubrication or oil mist lubrication, or Its main purpose is to reduce as much as possible.

[Means for solving the problem]

The lubricating device for an angular ball bearing according to the present invention has a reduced width by omitting a portion of the inner ring where the rolling element load does not act, and has an annular protrusion provided on an end surface of the outer ring spacer to provide an end surface of the inner ring with the end surface of the inner ring. Along with forming a uniform axial clearance over the entire circumference, a lubricant supply hole is provided in the outer ring spacer,
The lubricant supply hole communicates with the clearance in the axial direction.

Angular contact ball bearings have an angle between the direction of the rolling element load and a plane perpendicular to the center axis of the bearing, that is, the contact angle is not 0 °,
Although the present invention is defined as a rolling bearing which cannot be self-aligning, the present invention omits a portion of the inner race where the rolling element load is not substantially applied, as shown by an imaginary line in FIG. And a suitable member such as the like is projected to form an axial clearance over the entire circumference between the opposed inner ring end faces, and the lubricant is ejected from the clearance (hereinafter referred to as a slit) toward the rolling elements. I did it.

[Action]

The slit opens 360 degrees on the circumference and is in a positional relationship inscribed in the rolling element row. Therefore, the lubricant is ejected from this slit in a thin film and over the entire circumference,
It will directly hit the rolling elements. In addition, the entire amount of the lubricant from the slit is reliably supplied to the inside of the bearing.

When an oil passage is provided in the inner ring, a part of the lubricant is distributed to the oil passage through the slit, and the lubricant cools the inner ring while the lubricant flows through the oil passage. This is so-called under-race lubrication.

Providing a lubrication hole for introducing a lubricant from the oil passage hole to the inner ring outer diameter surface improves lubrication between the inner ring outer diameter surface and the cage guide surface, particularly when using an inner ring guide type cage.

〔Example〕

First, referring to FIG. 1 showing a first embodiment of the present invention, two angular ball bearings (10) are combined via an outer ring spacer (20) and an inner ring spacer (30). Each angular ball bearing (10) includes an inner ring (12), an outer ring (14), a rolling element (16), and a retainer (18).

The inner ring (12) has such a width that its width is sufficient to satisfy the function as a rolling bearing. That is, although the angular contact ball bearing has a contact angle of 0 ° and cannot be self-aligning, the inner ring (12) in which a portion substantially free of rolling element load shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 2 is omitted. Is used. Therefore, the width of the inner ring (12) is reduced to about half the width of the standard inner ring. On the other hand, an annular projection (22) protruding toward the inner ring (12) is formed on the end face of the outer ring spacer (20). The protrusion amount of the protrusion (22) is determined by the distance between the end face of the inner ring (12) and the protrusion (2) of the outer ring spacer (20).
It is set so that a uniform annular minute clearance, that is, a slit (S) is formed over the entire circumference with the end face of 2). This slit (S) is located on the inner diameter side of the rolling element (16) as is clear from the drawing.

The outer race spacer (20) is provided with a lubricant supply hole (24) penetrating radially from the outer peripheral surface to the inner peripheral surface. The lubricant supply hole (24) is provided on the inner circumferential surface (2) of the outer ring spacer (20).
It communicates with the slit (S) through an axial gap (a) formed between the inner ring spacer (30) and the outer peripheral surface (32) of the inner ring spacer (30).

Therefore, the lubricant supplied from the lubricant supply hole (24) passes through the clearance (a) in the radial direction and passes through the slit (S).
From the roller body (6) in the form of a thin film and supplied to the inside of the bearing. The lubricating lubricant is discharged from the oil drain hole (28) to the outside of the bearing.

As the means for communicating the lubricant supply hole (24) with the slit (S), various methods are conceivable besides utilizing the above-mentioned axial clearance (a). For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, an annular space (b) is provided in the inner periphery of the end of the outer ring spacer (20), and the lower end of the lubricant supply hole (24) is opened in this space (b). Let me. FIG. 4 shows a state in which the lubricant supply hole (24) does not penetrate to the inner peripheral surface (26) of the outer race spacer (20), but is stopped in front of the lubricant supply hole (24). 3) shows an embodiment in which the nozzle (c) is penetrated in the axial direction to the end face of ()). In these cases, the lubricant supply hole (24) and the slit (S) communicate with each other through the annular space (b) and the nozzle (c).

Next, referring to FIG. 5, the inner ring (12) has an oil passage hole (d) penetrating in the axial direction. It is preferable to arrange a plurality of oil passage holes (d) in the circumferential direction. When the nozzle (c) is provided in the outer ring spacer (20) as described above with reference to FIG. 4, in this embodiment, the lubricant flowing through the oil passage hole (d) cools the inner ring (12). Since it works, an effect equivalent to what is called underrace lubrication can be obtained. That is, the lubricant supplied from the lubricant supply hole (24) is passed through the radial gap (a), the annular space (b) (FIG. 3), or the slit through the nozzle (c) (FIG. 4). (S), where a part branches into the bearing through the slit (S) and another part branches to the oil passage hole (d). The former spouts out from the slit (S) in the form of a film and first hits the rolling element (16) to lubricate and cool the inside of the bearing. The latter is an oil hole (d)
The cooling of the inner ring (12) is carried out while flowing through.

The oil passage hole (d) extends substantially in the axial direction as shown in FIG. 5 and, as shown in FIG. 6, is inclined from the inner end face to the outer end face of the inner ring (12) toward the large diameter side. Can also. In this way, a pump action occurs with the rotation of the inner ring (12), and the lubricant in the oil passage hole (d) flows more quickly. )
The cooling effect can be increased by preventing stagnation inside.

FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which the inner ring (12) is provided with a lubrication hole (e) penetrating from the outer diameter surface to the oil passage hole (d). Since the lubricant (e) guides the lubricant flowing through the oil passage hole (d) to the outer diameter surface of the inner ring (12), it is particularly advantageous when an inner ring guide type retainer (18) as shown is used. is there. Also in this case, the oil passage hole (d) may be inclined as in the embodiment of FIG.

In practicing the present invention, the lubricant supply holes (2
4) The axial clearance (a), the annular space (b) or the nozzle (c) or other equivalent means is selectively adopted as means for communicating the slit (S) with the slit (S), and the oil passage hole (d) And / or the lubrication holes (e) can be appropriately adopted and implemented in various combinations thereof. Further, the present invention is not limited to the case where two angular ball bearings are used in combination as shown in FIG.
It is also applicable when using one or more angular ball bearings.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, since the lubricant is ejected in a film form from the slit and directly hits the rolling elements, it is possible to supply a sufficient amount of the lubricant to a portion requiring the most lubrication. In addition, even in the case of air-oil lubrication or oil mist lubrication, the exhaust noise peculiar to these lubrication methods is reduced because air flows in a 360 ° direction on the circumference and air is supplied from inside the rolling elements. I do.

Since all of the supplied lubricant reaches the inside of the bearing, there is no waste of the lubricant and the efficiency is high. Further, since the lubricant can be directly applied to the rolling elements, the cooling effect is increased.

When an oil passage hole is provided in the inner race, the inner race can be cooled as an underrace lubrication method. Even in that case,
Since the lubricant is sent to the oil passage through a slit extending over the entire circumference, most of the lubricant flows into the oil passage as in the past, and the supply of the lubricant to the inside of the bearing becomes insufficient. No failure occurs. Moreover, since it is not necessary to form a scoop on the inner ring as in conventional underrace lubrication, processing is extremely easy,
It is possible to keep the width of the entire bearing small.

Further, by providing a lubrication hole for guiding a lubricant from the oil passage hole to the outer diameter surface of the inner ring, good lubrication between the inner ring and the retainer can be secured especially when an inner ring guide type retainer is used. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an essential part of an angular ball bearing, FIGS. 3 to 7 are sectional views of an essential part showing different embodiments of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a conventional example. 10: Angular contact ball bearing 12: Inner ring 14: Outer ring 16: Rolling element 18: Cage 20: Outer ring spacer 22: Annular protrusion 24: Lubricant supply hole 30: Inner ring spacer S: Slit (axial clearance) a: Radial clearance b: Annular space c: Nozzle d: Oil hole e: Lubrication hole

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] An inner ring having a reduced width by omitting a portion where a rolling element load does not act is provided, and an annular projection is provided on an end surface of an outer ring spacer to extend over the entire circumference between the inner ring and an end surface thereof. A lubricating device for an angular contact ball bearing in which a uniform axial clearance is formed, a lubricant supply hole is provided in an outer race spacer, and the lubricant supply hole communicates with the clearance. 2. The lubricant supply hole is opened in the inner peripheral surface of the outer race spacer, and the shaft is formed through a radial gap between the inner peripheral surface of the outer race spacer and the outer peripheral surface of the inner race spacer. The lubricating device for an angular ball bearing according to claim 1, wherein the clearance in the direction and the lubricant supply hole communicate with each other. 3. The lubricant supply hole is opened in an annular space formed on the inner periphery of the end of the outer race spacer, and the axial clearance, the lubricant supply hole and the lubricant supply hole are formed through the annular space. The lubricating device for an angular contact ball bearing according to claim 1, wherein the lubrication device communicates with the lubrication device. 4. The angular ball bearing according to claim 1, wherein the axial clearance communicates with the lubricant supply hole through a nozzle formed in the outer race spacer and penetrating from the lubricant supply hole to the end face of the projection. Lubrication device. 5. The lubricating device for an angular ball bearing according to claim 1, wherein said inner ring has an oil passage hole penetrating between both end faces. 6. The lubricating device for an angular ball bearing according to claim 5, wherein said oil passage hole is inclined toward the large diameter side from the inner end face to the outer end face. 7. The lubricating device for an angular ball bearing according to claim 5, wherein said inner race has a lubrication hole communicating with said oil passage hole and opening on an outer diameter surface of said inner race.