JP2738193B2 - Ram rocket - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ram rocket used as a flying thrust of a flying object.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a ram rocket as described above, for example, there is one shown in FIG.

[0003] A ram rocket 100 shown in the figure is a gas generator 10 having a gas nozzle 101 at a tail portion in order from the head side.
2. Combustion chamber 10 loaded with solid booster propellant 103
4 and a jet nozzle 105, and a plurality of diffusers 106 for introducing outside air into the combustion chamber 104 on the side.

[0004] The gas generator 102 is loaded with a solid sustainer propellant 107 having a fuel rich composition. A clamp 1 is provided inside the jet nozzle 105.
08, a rocket nozzle 109 is mounted. Inside the rocket nozzle 109, an igniter 110 for booster propellant ignition is mounted. The space between the diffuser 106 and the combustion chamber 104 is closed by a port cover 111.

[0005] The ram rocket 100 starts and accelerates by igniting the booster propellant 103, and after the combustion of the booster propellant 103 ends, the rocket nozzle 10.
8 and the port cover 111 are removed, and then the combustible gas as ram fuel generated by the combustion of the sustainer propellant 107 and the outside air introduced from the diffuser 106 are mixed in the combustion chamber 104 and continuously burned, and the combustion gas Is ejected from the jet nozzle 105 to obtain a thrust.

[0006] Such a ram rocket is, for example, 19
The first of "Missile Engineering Encyclopedia" published by Hara Shobo in 1990
It is described on pages 40 to 146.

[0007]

However, in the conventional ram rocket 100 as described above, since the diffuser 106 is left open to the head side, the diffuser 106 in the boost flight stage. However, the air resistance at the air intake portion is considerably large, and this air resistance has been a factor that hinders improvements in flight speed, cruising distance, and the like.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional situation, and can reduce the air resistance at the air intake portion of a diffuser in a boost flight stage in a ram rocket. , To improve overall performance.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ram rocket, which starts and accelerates by a booster propellant charged in a combustion chamber, and then mixes ram fuel with outside air introduced from a diffuser. is continuously burned in the combustion chamber, the combustion gases in the ram rocket obtaining thrust by ejecting from the jet nozzle, and a cover for opening and closing the air intake of the diffuser from the inside, the booster propulsion
The cover is closed against air resistance due to the pressure of the combustion gas of the medicine
A structure having an opening mechanism for holding in a closed position is provided, and as a second aspect, a cover for closing the air intake formed by dividing a part of the inner wall of the diffuser is provided at an opening edge of the air intake of the diffuser. The cover is held at a closed position by a cylinder in which the rod is restrained in an extended state by a shear pin, and the combustion space of the booster propellant and the inside of the cylinder are communicated by a gas flow path.
These configurations are used as means for solving the problem.

[0010]

Ram rocket according to claim 1 of the present invention the action of the Invention, in the stage of the boost flight, by a cover for closing the air inlet of the diffuser, to reduce the air resistance in the smooth flow of air outside I have. At this time,
The bar opens and closes the air inlet from the inside
At the same time, the opening mechanism allows the combustion gas of the booster propellant to be released.
Is held in the closed position against air resistance by pressure
You. Therefore, the ram rocket has a boost flight
At the end stage, the pressure of the combustion gas of the booster propellant becomes low.
The cover is pushed by air resistance along with the air intake
Is opened, and the outside air is introduced to enter a ramjet operating state.

Further, in the ram rocket according to the second aspect of the present invention, at the stage of the boost flight, the shear pin for restraining the rod of the cylinder in the extended state and the pressure in the combustion space applied through the gas flow path into the cylinder are reduced. The cylinder is used to hold the cover in the closed position. When the boost flight ends, the shear pin is cut by the air pressure at the time of flight applied to the cover due to the pressure drop in the combustion chamber, and the cover rotates and opens the air intake with the contraction drive of the rod. The cover becomes part of the inner wall of the diffuser without coming off the rocket body.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a ram rocket according to claims 1 and 2 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

The ram rocket R shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
A gas generator 2 having a main gas nozzle 1 at the tail, a combustion chamber 4 loaded with an internal combustion type solid booster propellant 3, and a jet nozzle 5 in order from the head side,
A plurality of diffusers 6 for introducing outside air into the combustion chamber 4 are provided on a side portion, and a payload mounting portion (not shown) is connected to a head side of the gas generator 2.

The gas generator 2 is loaded with a solid sustainer propellant 7 having an excess fuel composition, and by burning the sustainer propellant 7, the gas generator 2 has a combustible ram fuel. Generate gas. The space between the main gas nozzle 1 and the combustion chamber 4 is closed by a cap 8 having burnout properties.

A gas injection valve 10 provided with an auxiliary gas nozzle 9 is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the main gas nozzle 1, and a flammable gas generated by the combustion of the sustainer propellant 7 is supplied to the auxiliary gas nozzle if necessary. 9, the fuel is injected into the diffuser 6 to further improve the mixing efficiency of the introduced outside air and the flammable gas, and also allows the flow rate of the flammable gas to be adjusted. .

A rocket nozzle 12 is mounted inside the jet nozzle 5 by a clamp 11, and an igniter 13 for igniting a booster propellant is mounted inside the rocket nozzle 12. A port cover 14 closes the gap between the diffuser 6 and the combustion chamber 4, and a release device 16 for releasing the port cover 12 is provided in a storage section 15 provided continuously on the tail side of the diffuser 6. It is.

Further, the air inlet 17 of the diffuser 6 is provided with a cover 18 for opening and closing the air inlet 17 from the inside thereof . The cover 18 is formed by dividing a head portion of a ramp 19 forming an inner wall of the diffuser 6, and is rotatably attached to an opening edge of the air intake 17 by a hinge 20. At the closed position.

The cylinder 21 is rotatably mounted on the outer periphery of the main gas nozzle 1 and has a rod 22
Is rotatably connected to the cover 18 and a shear pin 24 is attached between the cylinder body and the internal piston 23. Thereby, the cylinder 21 holds the cover 18 at the closed position by restraining the re-rod 22 in the extended state by the shear pin 24.

The inside of the cylinder 21 is communicated with the combustion space of the booster propellant 3 (the inner hole 26 of the propellant grain) by the gas passage 25. In this case, the gas flow passage 25 is connected to the pressure guiding tube 2 directly connecting the cylinder 21 and the combustion chamber 4.
7 and a pressure guiding hole 28 formed in the booster propellant 3.

In this embodiment, the cylinder 2
1. The gas passage 25 constitutes an opening mechanism of the cover 18.

The ram rocket R having the above configuration starts and accelerates by igniting the booster propellant 3 with the igniter 13.

At this time, the ram rocket R is
A shear pin 24 for restraining one rod 22 in an extended state;
Utilizing the pressure of the combustion gas of the booster propellant 3 applied through the gas passage 25 (27, 28) into the cylinder 21, the cover 21 is held by the cylinder 21 against air resistance , Since the air intake 17 of the diffuser 6 is closed by the cover 18, the air flow outside the air intake becomes smooth, and the air resistance is significantly reduced as compared with the case without the cover.

Next, the ram rocket R ignites the sustainer propellant 7 by burning out the cap 8 and opening the main gas nozzle 1 immediately before the end of the combustion of the booster propellant 3, and thereafter, the rocket nozzle 12 and the port The cover 14 is detached.

At this time, the pressure in the cylinder 21 is released via the pressure guiding tube 27 and the ram rocket R is applied to the cover 18 as the pressure in the combustion chamber 4 decreases due to the end of the combustion of the booster propellant 3. The shear pin 24 is cut by the force of the air resistance during the flight, and the cover 18 is rotated together with the contraction drive of the rod 22 to open the air inlet 17 as shown in FIG. The rotated cover 18 is
It is integrated with the lamp 9 and becomes a part of the diffuser inner wall.

Thus, the ram rocket R injects the combustible gas generated by the combustion of the sustainer propellant 7 from the main gas nozzle 1 and the auxiliary gas nozzle 9, and combusts the combustible gas and the outside air introduced from the diffuser 6. Room 4
And the mixture is continuously burned, and the combustion gas is ejected from the jet nozzle 5 to enter a ramjet operating state.

[0026]

The ram rocket according to claim 1 of the present invention.
According to the above , the air resistance at the air intake portion at the stage of the boost flight can be reduced by the cover that closes the air intake, and the performance such as the flying speed and the cruising distance can be improved. Also, by adopting the opening mechanism,
The cover is closed using the pressure of the combustion gas of the booster propellant.
Holding in the closed position, pressure drop of combustion gas of booster propellant
To open the cover using air resistance.
From, to shift from boost flight to ramjet operation
Very smooth operation and open cover
This eliminates the need for a dedicated power source for
The structure can be simplified and the weight can be reduced. The present invention
According to the ram rocket according to claim 2, the air intake
In the stage of boost flight by the cover that closes
Air resistance at the air intake can be reduced,
Performance such as flight speed and cruising range can be improved.
You. In addition, cylinders with rods restrained by shear pins, and
Blockage position using pressure from combustion of booster and propellant
Cover can be held and air resistance can be improved.
The cover and the opening mechanism can be made simpler and lighter because the cover forms a part of the inner wall of the diffuser. There is no need to scatter the rocket, so there are situations that may damage the rocket body
Can be prevented .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a ram rocket according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a diffuser portion of the ram rocket shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a state in which a cover of the ram rocket shown in FIG. 1 is opened.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a conventional ram rocket.

[Explanation of symbols]

R Ram rocket 3 Booster propellant 4 Combustion chamber 5 Jet nozzle 6 Diffuser 17 Air intake 18 Cover 21 Cylinder (opening mechanism) 22 Rod 24 Shear pin 25 Gas flow path (Opening mechanism)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] After starting and accelerating with a booster propellant charged in a combustion chamber , outside air introduced from a diffuser and ram fuel are mixed and continuously burned in the combustion chamber, and the combustion gas is ejected from a jet nozzle. in ram rocket to obtain a thrust, its air inlet of said diffuser
A cover for opening and closing from inside, a combustion gas of the booster propellant
Pressure keeps the cover in the closed position against air resistance.
A ram rocket equipped with an opening mechanism for holding . 2. After starting and accelerating by a booster propellant charged in a combustion chamber , outside air introduced from a diffuser and ram fuel are mixed and continuously burned in the combustion chamber, and the combustion gas is ejected from a jet nozzle. In the ram rocket that obtains thrust, a cover for closing the air intake formed by dividing a part of the inner wall of the diffuser is rotatably provided at the opening edge of the air intake of the diffuser, and the rod is extended by the shear pin. A ram rocket, wherein the cover is held in a closed position by a constrained cylinder, and the inside of the cylinder and a combustion space for a booster propellant are communicated by a gas flow path.