JP2735303B2 - Molten salt electrorefining equipment - Google Patents
Molten salt electrorefining equipmentInfo
- Publication number
- JP2735303B2 JP2735303B2 JP20967189A JP20967189A JP2735303B2 JP 2735303 B2 JP2735303 B2 JP 2735303B2 JP 20967189 A JP20967189 A JP 20967189A JP 20967189 A JP20967189 A JP 20967189A JP 2735303 B2 JP2735303 B2 JP 2735303B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- molten salt
- grooves
- fuel
- cadmium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
Landscapes
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［発明の目的］ （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は高速増殖炉の使用済金属燃料を再処理するた
めの溶融塩電解精製装置に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a molten salt electrorefining apparatus for reprocessing spent metal fuel in a fast breeder reactor.
（従来の技術） 従来、高速増殖炉発電プラントから発生する使用済金
属燃料を再処理して燃料中に含まれるウラン，プルトニ
ウムなどの有用な燃料成分を濃縮回収し、かつ不要な核
分裂生成物を分離する装置として、第６図に示すような
溶融塩電解精製装置が考えられている。この溶融電解精
製装置は電解槽５内の液体カドミウム３を陽極とする一
方、液体カドミウム３の上部に配置されたKCl−LiClな
どの電解質塩化物４中の棒状の陰極１を配置して構成さ
れており、使用済金属燃料６を液体カドミウム３中に溶
解させると共に上記両極間に電圧を印加して電気分解を
行ない、液体カドミウム３中に溶解したウラン，プルト
ニウムなどの燃料成分２を陰極１の表面に析出させて回
収するものである。(Prior art) Conventionally, spent metal fuel generated from a fast breeder reactor power plant is reprocessed to concentrate and recover useful fuel components such as uranium and plutonium contained in the fuel and to remove unnecessary fission products. As a device for separation, a molten salt electrorefining device as shown in FIG. 6 has been considered. This molten electrolytic refining apparatus is configured by using liquid cadmium 3 in an electrolytic cell 5 as an anode, and disposing a rod-shaped cathode 1 in an electrolyte chloride 4 such as KCl-LiCl disposed above the liquid cadmium 3. The spent metal fuel 6 is dissolved in the liquid cadmium 3 and a voltage is applied between the two electrodes to perform electrolysis, and the fuel component 2 such as uranium and plutonium dissolved in the liquid cadmium 3 is converted to the cathode 1. It is deposited on the surface and collected.
（発明が解決しようとする課題） ところで、このような溶融塩電解精製装置に使用され
る陰極１の表面に不規則性があると界面の電位分布が影
響を受け、局所的な電極反応が起こり、好ましくないと
されている（H,H,Bauer「電極反応」，東京化学同人（1
976）P.150）。このため、従来では陰極１の表面を機械
的に磨いたり、あるいは電気化学的な研磨によって陰極
１の表面状態を滑らかにしておくこが行なわれている。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, if the surface of the cathode 1 used in such a molten salt electrorefining apparatus has irregularities, the potential distribution at the interface is affected and a local electrode reaction occurs. (H, H, Bauer "electrode reaction", Tokyo Chemical Doujin (1
976) P.150). For this reason, conventionally, the surface of the cathode 1 is mechanically polished or the surface of the cathode 1 is smoothened by electrochemical polishing.
しかしながら、このように陰極１の表面を滑らかにし
ておくと陰極１の表面にウランなどの燃料成分２が析出
し難くなり、析出したとしても自重で落下してしまうた
め、陰極１表面に析出する燃料成分２の析出量が制限さ
れ、１回の再処理運転で得られる燃料成分の回収量が低
いという問題があった。However, if the surface of the cathode 1 is made smooth in this way, the fuel component 2 such as uranium hardly precipitates on the surface of the cathode 1, and even if it is deposited, the fuel component 2 drops by its own weight. There has been a problem that the amount of fuel component 2 deposited is limited, and the amount of fuel component recovered by one reprocessing operation is low.
本発明はこのような問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、
１回の再処理運転で得られる燃料成分の回収量を増大で
き、効率的な再処理運転を実施できる溶融塩電解精製装
置を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of such problems,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a molten salt electrorefining apparatus capable of increasing the amount of recovered fuel components in one reprocessing operation and performing an efficient reprocessing operation.
［発明の構成］ （課題を解決するための手段） 上記目的を達成するために本発明は、高速増殖炉の使
用済金属燃料を電解槽内の陽極カドミウム中に溶解さ
せ、前記カドミウム中に溶解した燃料成分を電気分解に
より電解質塩化物中に配置された陰極の表面に析出させ
て回収する溶融塩電解精製装置において、前記陰極とし
ては、円柱状の形状を有してその長手方向を重力の方向
に対して略平行となるように設けられ、且つ前記長手方
向とは略直交するように側面の周方向の全周に亘って互
いに略平行に複数の溝部が形成されているものである。
前記各溝は、略コ形又はＶ字形の断面形状を有していて
もよい。[Constitution of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is to dissolve spent metal fuel of a fast breeder reactor in anode cadmium in an electrolytic cell and dissolve it in the cadmium. In a molten salt electrorefining apparatus for collecting and recovering the recovered fuel component on the surface of a cathode arranged in an electrolyte chloride by electrolysis, the cathode has a columnar shape, and its longitudinal direction is defined by gravity. A plurality of grooves are provided so as to be substantially parallel to the direction and substantially parallel to each other over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction of the side surface so as to be substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.
Each of the grooves may have a substantially U-shaped or V-shaped cross-sectional shape.
（作 用） 本発明では陰極の表面に溝部を設けることにより、溝
部の縁部に電流が集中し、その部分に析出物の核が生成
されるため、強固な析出物を得ることができ、陰極の表
面に析出した析出物すなわち燃料成分が自重により落下
するのを防止できる。(Operation) In the present invention, by providing a groove on the surface of the cathode, current concentrates on the edge of the groove, and a nucleus of the precipitate is generated at that portion, so that a strong precipitate can be obtained. The deposit deposited on the surface of the cathode, that is, the fuel component can be prevented from dropping by its own weight.
（実施例） 以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施例を説明する。(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention is described with reference to drawings.
第１図および第２図は本発明の一実施例を示し、図中
１は陰極、２は燃料成分、３は液体カドミウム、４は電
解質塩化物、５は電解槽、６は使用済金属燃料であり、
これらは第６図に示したものと同一のものであるが、上
記陰極１の表面には第２図に示すように複数本の溝部７
が陰極１の外周に沿って互いに平行に設けられている。1 and 2 show one embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a cathode, 2 is a fuel component, 3 is liquid cadmium, 4 is an electrolyte chloride, 5 is an electrolytic cell, and 6 is a spent metal fuel. And
These are the same as those shown in FIG. 6, but the surface of the cathode 1 has a plurality of grooves 7 as shown in FIG.
Are provided in parallel with each other along the outer periphery of the cathode 1.
このように、陰極１の表面に複数本の溝部７を陰極１
の外周に沿って設けることにより、溝部７の縁部に電流
が集中し、その部分に析出物の核が生成されるため、強
固な析出物を得ることができる。従って、本実施例では
陰極１の表面に析出した析出物すなわち燃料成分２が自
重により落下するのを防止でき、陰極１の表面に多量の
燃料成分２を析出させることができるので、燃料成分２
の回収量増大を図ることができる。Thus, a plurality of grooves 7 are formed on the surface of the cathode 1.
Since the current is concentrated on the edge of the groove 7 and the nucleus of the precipitate is generated at that portion, a strong precipitate can be obtained. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the precipitate deposited on the surface of the cathode 1, that is, the fuel component 2, from dropping by its own weight, and to deposit a large amount of the fuel component 2 on the surface of the cathode 1.
Can be increased.
なお、第３図は本実施例のように陰極１の表面に複数
本の溝部７を設けた場合と溝部を設けない場合の実験結
果を示し、同図に示すように陰極１の表面に溝部を設け
ない場合は電解析出効率（電流効率）が著しく低いこと
がわかる。これに対して、陰極１の表面に溝部７を設け
た場合は電解析出効率が80％以上に向上し、しかも溝部
７の溝ピッチを小さくするほど電解析出効率が向上す
る。なお、電流効率は次式で定義される。FIG. 3 shows experimental results when a plurality of grooves 7 are provided on the surface of the cathode 1 as in the present embodiment and when no grooves are provided. As shown in FIG. It can be seen that when no is provided, the electrolytic deposition efficiency (current efficiency) is extremely low. On the other hand, when the grooves 7 are provided on the surface of the cathode 1, the electrolytic deposition efficiency is improved to 80% or more, and the electrolytic deposition efficiency is improved as the groove pitch of the grooves 7 is reduced. The current efficiency is defined by the following equation.
電流効率（％）＝（実際に電析した量／電気量 （A,H）に相当する理論的電析量）×100 また、上記実施例では陰極１の表面に複数本の溝部７
を陰極１の外周に沿って設けたが、第４図に示すように
陰極１の表面にねじ溝８を設けたり、あるいは第５図に
示すように陰極１の表面に多数の切込み溝９を設けても
同様の効果を得ることができる。Current efficiency (%) = (actual electrodeposition amount / theoretical electrodeposition amount corresponding to electric amount (A, H)) × 100 In the above embodiment, a plurality of grooves 7 are formed on the surface of the cathode 1.
Are provided along the outer periphery of the cathode 1, but a thread groove 8 is provided on the surface of the cathode 1 as shown in FIG. 4, or a number of cut grooves 9 are provided on the surface of the cathode 1 as shown in FIG. Even if it is provided, the same effect can be obtained.
［発明の効果］ 以上説明したように本発明は、高速増殖炉の使用済金
属燃料を電解槽内の陽極カドミウム中に溶解させ、前記
カドミウム中に溶解した燃料成分を電気分解により電解
質塩化物中に配置された陰極の表面に析出させて回収す
る溶融塩電解精製装置において、前記陰極の表面に溝部
を設けたものである。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the present invention dissolves a spent metal fuel of a fast breeder reactor into anode cadmium in an electrolytic cell, and electrolyzes the fuel component dissolved in the cadmium into an electrolyte chloride. In the apparatus for electrolytically refining molten salt, which is deposited on the surface of a cathode and recovered, a groove is provided on the surface of the cathode.
従って、溝部の緑部に電流が集中し、その部分に析出
物の核が生成されるため、強固な析出物を得ることがで
き、陰極の表面に析出した析出物すなわち燃料成分が自
重により落下するのを防止できる。よって、陰極の表面
に多量の燃料成分を析出させることができ、１回の再処
理運転で得られる燃料成分の回収量が増大し、溶融塩電
解精製装置の処理能力を高めることができる。Therefore, current concentrates on the green portion of the groove, and a precipitate nucleus is generated in that portion, so that a strong precipitate can be obtained, and the precipitate deposited on the surface of the cathode, that is, the fuel component, drops due to its own weight. Can be prevented. Therefore, a large amount of fuel components can be deposited on the surface of the cathode, the amount of fuel components obtained by one reprocessing operation can be increased, and the processing capacity of the electrolytic refining apparatus for molten salt can be increased.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す溶融塩電解精製装置の
断面図、第２図は同装置の陰極を示す一部断面側面図、
第３図は同実施例の作用効果を説明するための電流効率
と溝ピッチとの関係を示す線図、第４図および第５図は
本発明の他の実施例を示す陰極の側面図、第６図は従来
の溶融塩電解精製装置の断面図である。 １……固体陰極、２……燃料成分、３……液体カドミウ
ム、４……電解質塩化物、５……電解槽、６……使用済
金属燃料、７……溝部。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a molten salt electrorefining apparatus showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial sectional side view showing a cathode of the apparatus,
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between current efficiency and groove pitch for explaining the operation and effect of the embodiment, FIGS. 4 and 5 are side views of a cathode showing another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a conventional molten salt electrorefining apparatus. 1 ... solid cathode, 2 ... fuel component, 3 ... liquid cadmium, 4 ... electrolyte chloride, 5 ... electrolytic cell, 6 ... spent metal fuel, 7 ... groove.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 掛樋 勲 東京都港区芝浦１丁目１番１号 株式会 社東芝本社事務所内 (72)発明者 菊田 和幸 神奈川県川崎市川崎区浮島町４―１ 日 本原子力事業株式会社研究所内 (72)発明者 東海林 裕一 神奈川県川崎市川崎区浮島町４―１ 日 本原子力事業株式会社研究所内 (72)発明者 隅田 幸生 神奈川県川崎市川崎区浮島町４―１ 日 本原子力事業株式会社研究所内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭53−4717（ＪＰ，Ａ) 米国特許4814046（ＵＳ，Ａ) ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Isao Kakehi 1-1-1, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Inside the head office of Toshiba Corporation (72) Inventor Kazuyuki Kikuta 4-1 Ukishima-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Inside the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (72) Inventor Yuichi Tokaibayashi 4-1 Ukishima-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside the Japan Nuclear Power Corporation Research Institute (72) Yukio Sumida 4, Ukishima-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa -1 Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (56) References JP-A-53-4717 (JP, A) US Patent 4,814,046 (US, A)
Claims (2)
極カドミウム中に溶解させ、前記カドミウム中に溶解し
た燃料成分を電気分解により電解質塩化物中に配置され
た陰極の表面に析出させて回収する溶融塩電解精製装置
において、前記陰極は、円柱状の形状を有してその長手
方向を重力の方向に対して略平行とするように設けら
れ、且つ前記長手方向とは略直交するように側面の周方
向の全周に亘って互いに略平行に複数の溝部が形成され
ていることを特徴とする溶融塩電解精製装置。1. A spent metal fuel of a fast breeder reactor is dissolved in anode cadmium of an electrolytic cell, and a fuel component dissolved in the cadmium is deposited on the surface of a cathode disposed in an electrolyte chloride by electrolysis. In the molten salt electrorefining apparatus for collecting and recovering, the cathode has a columnar shape, and is provided so that its longitudinal direction is substantially parallel to the direction of gravity, and is substantially orthogonal to the longitudinal direction. Thus, a plurality of grooves are formed substantially parallel to each other over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction of the side surface, and the molten salt electrorefining apparatus is characterized in that:
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の溶融塩電解精製装
置。2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the grooves has a substantially U-shaped cross section.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20967189A JP2735303B2 (en) | 1989-08-15 | 1989-08-15 | Molten salt electrorefining equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20967189A JP2735303B2 (en) | 1989-08-15 | 1989-08-15 | Molten salt electrorefining equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0373896A JPH0373896A (en) | 1991-03-28 |
| JP2735303B2 true JP2735303B2 (en) | 1998-04-02 |
Family
ID=16576679
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20967189A Expired - Lifetime JP2735303B2 (en) | 1989-08-15 | 1989-08-15 | Molten salt electrorefining equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2735303B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5454914A (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1995-10-03 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Method of removal of heavy metal from molten salt in IFR fuel pyroprocessing |
| US6689260B1 (en) * | 2001-08-29 | 2004-02-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Nuclear fuel electrorefiner |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4814046A (en) | 1988-07-12 | 1989-03-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Process to separate transuranic elements from nuclear waste |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5912753B2 (en) * | 1976-05-20 | 1984-03-26 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | How to obtain multiple electrodeposited metal pieces from one mother plate |
-
1989
- 1989-08-15 JP JP20967189A patent/JP2735303B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4814046A (en) | 1988-07-12 | 1989-03-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Process to separate transuranic elements from nuclear waste |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0373896A (en) | 1991-03-28 |
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