JP2733919B2 - GPS receiver - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a GPS receiver for use in a global positioning system (hereinafter referred to as GPS), which is a surveying technique using satellites.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional GPS receiving antenna. In the case where positioning is performed using a conventional GPS-based surveying technique, a receiving antenna 22 as shown in FIG. 3 is installed on the ground 2a or the like to be measured via a support 25, a base plate 23, or the like. The receiving unit 22a of the receiving antenna 22 receives radio waves S from a plurality of orbiting satellites for surveying, and calculates the respective distances between the plurality of satellites and the receiving antenna 22, thereby setting the receiving antenna 22. The position is calculated and detected.

[0003]

However, such a G
In the PS antenna 22, the receiving unit 22a is positioned above the ground 2a via the support 25 so that the receiving unit 22a can catch the radio wave S from the satellite without being obstructed by obstacles on the ground. To be supported by the column 25. Therefore, when the support 25 is bent, the receiving portion 22
There is a disadvantage that the position of the antenna center CT1 set at a is eccentric from the reference position CT0 at which the antenna should be originally arranged. As a result, there has been a problem that the detection accuracy of the positioning position has to be reduced. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a GPS receiver capable of always performing precise positioning by correcting deviation even when a support of an antenna is bent.

[0004]

That is, according to the present invention, a G which can detect the position (Xn, Yn) of a measurement point (Pn) to be located.
The PS receiving device (1) includes a receiving unit (3a) capable of receiving a positioning signal (S) from a satellite, and supporting means for supporting the receiving unit (3a) above the measurement point (Pn). (3b), a pointer (7) is provided at the bottom of the receiving section (3a) in such a manner that the reference light (40) can be emitted vertically downward of the pointer (7), and a light receiving surface (5a) is provided. )
Is provided with the light receiving surface (5a) facing the pointer (7), and the irradiation position (Pmp) of the reference light (40) on the light receiving surface (5a) is provided. )
And a difference (K) between an irradiation position (Pmp) of the reference light (40) detected by the irradiation position detection means (17) and the measurement point (Pn).
Is provided, and the measurement point (Pn) is determined based on the positioning signal (S) received by the receiving section (3a) and the difference (K) detected by the difference detection means (16). ) Is provided and provided with measurement point calculation means (6, 12, 13, 15) capable of calculating the position (Xn, Yn).
The numbers and the like in parentheses are for convenience showing the corresponding elements in the drawings, and therefore, the description is not limited to the description on the drawings. The same applies to the following operation columns.

[0005]

According to the above-described configuration, the present invention provides an illumination which is detected by the difference detecting means (16) from the position of the receiving section (3a) based on the position of the receiving section (3a) which has received the positioning signal (S). Measuring point calculating means (6, 12, 13, 15) by the difference (K) between the position (Pmp) and the measuring point (Pn)
The position of the measurement point (Pn) (Xn,
Yn).

[0006]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a GPS receiver according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a deviation state of an antenna center position in the GPS receiver shown in FIG.

A GPS receiving apparatus according to the present invention, GP
As shown in FIG. 1, the S receiving apparatus 1 has an antenna 3 installed at a positioning point Pn which is a measuring point to be positioned on the ground 2a, and a lower end of the antenna 3 has an upper surface side thereof. A light receiving plate 5 having a light receiving surface 5a formed thereon is mounted along the ground 2a as light receiving means for receiving a laser beam 40 described later. Above the light receiving plate 5, a receiving section 3a of an antenna 3 for receiving a radio wave S as a positioning signal from a survey orbiting satellite (not shown) is provided in a substantially hemispherical shape with its receiving surface facing the sky. A rod-shaped support 3b is provided on the lower right side in FIG.
Are installed upright on the light receiving plate 5 in such a manner as to support the receiving portion 3a at a position eccentric from the antenna center C1. The support 3b forms support means for the receiving unit 3a, and the support 3b supports the receiving unit 3a above the positioning point Pn. The light receiving plate 5 has the positioning point Pn,
The antenna 3 is set so as to be fixed to the light receiving plate 5. Therefore, the antenna 3 is positioned at the positioning point P set on the light receiving plate 5.
By performing positioning while n is located at a position to be measured on the ground 2a, the position of the positioning point Pn can be measured. The receiver 6 is connected to the receiver 3a, and the receiver 6 can detect the position of the antenna center C1 by causing the receiver 3a of the antenna 3 to receive the radio wave S. The support 3b of the antenna 3 is essentially erected in such a manner that its material axis is oriented vertically as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. For the sake of convenience, the support 3
b is bent as shown by the solid line in FIG.

The receiving section 3a of the antenna 3 includes
As shown in the figure, a laser pointer 7 is suspended below the antenna center CT1 with its upper end side pivotally attached to the bottom of the receiver 3a via a ball joint 9, and the laser pointer 7 and the light receiving plate are suspended. The light receiving surfaces 5a of 5 are opposed to each other. The laser pointer 7 is always held in a shape in which the laser axis C2 is directed vertically by its own weight regardless of the inclination of the receiving section 3a.
A laser light source (not shown) is provided inside the laser pointer 7 such that the laser light source 7a provided at the lower end of the laser pointer 7 can vertically emit laser light 40 downward as a reference light. ing. Therefore, the laser pointer 7 irradiates the light receiving surface 5a of the light receiving plate 5 with the laser light 40 emitted from the laser
The marking point Pmp can be indexed as an irradiation position where the laser light 40 is irradiated on the “a”.

As shown in FIG. 1, the GPS receiver 1 is provided with a positioning support device 10, and the positioning support device 10 has a main controller 11. The main control unit 11 includes an input unit 12, a data analysis unit 13, an operation correction unit 15,
An eccentricity calculating unit 16, a marking position detecting unit 17, an output unit 19, and the like are connected.
However, the light receiving plate 5 is provided in the marking position detecting section 17.
Is connected. The marking position detecting unit 17 constitutes an irradiation position detecting unit that detects the position of the marking point Pmp by the laser light 40 irradiated on the light receiving surface 5a of the light receiving plate 5, and the eccentricity calculating unit 16 A difference detection unit that detects the amount of eccentricity K as a difference between the position of the marking point Pmp detected by the marking position detection unit 17 and the positioning point Pn is configured. And the positioning support device 1
The input unit 12 of 0, the data analysis unit 13, the operation correction unit 15, and the receiver 6 determine the position of the measurement point Pn based on the radio wave S received by the reception unit 3a and the eccentricity K calculated by the eccentricity calculation unit 16. In the form capable of calculating (Xn, Yn), measurement point calculation means in the GPS receiver 10 is configured.

[0010] Since the GPS receiver 1 has the above-described configuration, the positioning point Pn is determined using the GPS receiver 1.
First, the receiver 6 causes the receiver 3a of the antenna 3 to catch radio waves S transmitted by a plurality of orbiting satellites for measurement. Then, by reading the radio wave S, the distance to each satellite is calculated. Then, the three-dimensional coordinate position (Xn, Yn, Zn) of the antenna center C1 is detected based on each distance between the current position of the antenna 3 and the plurality of satellites. Note that, in the present embodiment, the positioning point P indicating the height of the positioning point Pn.
Without detecting the Z-axis position (Zn) of n, only the X-axis coordinate position and the Y-axis coordinate position are detected. Then, by detecting the X and Y axis coordinate positions (Xn, Yn) of the antenna center C1, the X and Y axis coordinate positions (Xn, Yn) of the positioning point Pn are detected.
Yn) is calculated.

That is, when detecting the position of the positioning point Pn in this way, the GPS receiver 1 causes the marking point Pmp to be indexed on the light receiving plate 5 via the laser pointer 7 and moves to the position of the marking point Pmp. Based on the correction of the position of the antenna center C1 by the positioning support device 10 based on the position, the position of the positioning point Pn is corrected and the detection is accurately performed. Now, when there is an obstacle or the like near the positioning point Pn to be positioned that may interfere with the reception of the radio wave S from the satellite,
The PS antenna 3 must be installed so that its receiving unit 3a is located above the ground 2a. Then
A long post 3b must be used, which may cause the long post 3b to deflect as shown by the solid line in FIG. As a result, the antenna center C1 is not necessarily located at the positioning point Pn.
Is not located directly above. Therefore, the position of the marking point Pmp indicated on the light receiving plate 5 by the laser pointer 7 suspended below the antenna center C1 must be located at an arbitrary position with respect to the positioning point Pn as shown in FIG. become. As a result, a difference of the amount of eccentricity K occurs between the marking point Pmp and the positioning point Pn, and the GPS receiver 1 corrects the eccentricity.

Therefore, the main control unit 11 of the positioning support apparatus 10 first uses the receiver 6 to
a is made to catch radio waves S from a plurality of orbiting satellites (not shown), and the plurality of radio waves S are input to the input unit 12. Then, the data analysis unit 13 analyzes each radio wave S, and uses the analysis information to cause the calculation correction unit 15 to calculate each distance between the antenna 3 and the plurality of satellites. , The position of the antenna center C1 is calculated.

At the time of performing this, the laser pointer 7 suspended by the receiving section 3a emits the laser beam 40 from the laser beam launching port 7a downward in the vertical direction. Then, the laser pointer 7 is suspended below the antenna center C1 with the upper end side pivotally attached to the bottom side of the receiving section 3a via the ball joint 9, thereby always moving the laser axis C2 in the vertical direction. , The irradiation with the laser beam 40 causes the antenna center C1
Mark P on the light receiving surface 5a of the light receiving plate 5 just below
mp is indexed. Therefore, at this time, the antenna center C1
Is located right above the marking point Pmp, and the marking point Pmp and the antenna center C1 are located at the same X and Y axis coordinate positions (Xn, Yn).

Therefore, the main controller 11 causes the marking position detector 17 to detect the position of the marking point Pmp.
The amount of eccentricity K of the marking point Pmp with respect to the positioning point pn set on the light receiving plate 5 (that is, the magnitude and direction of the eccentricity) is calculated by the eccentricity amount calculating unit 16 as the difference between the marking point Pmp and the positioning point pn. Let it be calculated. That is, since the marking point Pmp and the positioning point Pn do not match as shown in FIG. 3, the eccentricity K of the marking point Pmp with respect to the positioning point Pn is obtained, and by using the eccentricity K,
Correct the positioning position. Therefore, the main control unit 11 gives the calculation correction unit 15 the antenna center C calculated as described above.
1 by correcting the X and Y axis coordinate positions (Xn, Yn) by the amount of eccentricity K to correct the position of the positioning point P.
The X and Y axis coordinate positions (Xn, Yn) of n are calculated and calculated. Then, the output unit 19 outputs the X and Y coordinate positions (Xn, Yn) of the positioning point Pn obtained by the correction.

Then, the output section 19 outputs the antenna center C1.
No matter where is located, the positioning point Pn is always
Output the accurate X and Y coordinate positions (Xn, Yn). Thus, the GPS receiver 1 has the support 3b shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, the position of the antenna center C1 is corrected for deviation by the positioning support device 10, and the X and Y axis coordinate positions (Xn, Yn) of the positioning point Pn are obtained.
Can be accurately detected. Therefore, by lengthening the length L1 of the column 3b of the GPS antenna 3 so that the receiving unit 3a is located above the block, avoiding a block such as a tree, the column 3b is bent. In this case, the measurement accuracy does not decrease and the laser light 40
By performing the deviation correction using, precise positioning is always possible.

In the above-described embodiment, an example has been described in which the laser pointer 7 is hung below the antenna center C1 via the ball joint 9, but in the present invention, the pointer such as the laser pointer 7 is not used. It is sufficient that the reference light having directivity such as the laser light 40 can be emitted downward in the vertical direction, and the type of the reference light and the manner of attaching the pointer may be other than this. Such a pointer does not necessarily need to be provided below the antenna center C1. Even if the irradiation axis center position of the reference light such as the laser axis center C2 is eccentric with the antenna center C1, the position of the positioning point Pn is determined. At the time of calculation, there is no problem if the eccentricity is configured to be able to be arithmetically corrected. Further, in the embodiment, the example in which the light receiving plate 5 formed in a disc shape is used as the light receiving means for receiving the reference light such as the laser light 40 has been described.
If a is provided so as to face a pointer such as the laser pointer 7 and the irradiation position of the reference light such as the marking point Pmp can be detected by the marking position detection unit 17 and the like, The form is arbitrary. In the embodiment, the positioning point p on the light receiving surface 5a is set.
An example has been described in which the difference between n and the marking point Pmp is detected by the eccentricity calculation unit 16 as the eccentricity K (that is, the magnitude and direction of eccentricity). However, the present invention is not limited to this. Further, the configuration of the measurement point calculating means and the method of calculating and calculating the measurement points such as the positioning points Pn performed by the means are not limited to the procedure described in the embodiment.

[0017]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Position of measurement point such as positioning point Pn to be measured (Xn, Yn)
A GPS receiving device such as the GPS receiving device 1 capable of detecting a signal, has a receiving unit 3a capable of receiving a positioning signal such as a radio wave S from a satellite, and supports the receiving unit 3a above the measurement point 3b and the like, and the receiving unit 3a
A pointer such as a laser pointer 7 is placed at the bottom of the
A reference light such as 0 is provided so as to be emitted vertically downward of the pointer, and a light receiving means such as a light receiving plate 5 having a light receiving surface 5a is provided such that the light receiving surface 5a faces the pointer. And an irradiation position detecting means such as a marking position detecting unit 17 for detecting an irradiation position of the reference light on the light receiving surface 5a, such as a marking point Pmp, and an irradiation position of the reference light detected by the irradiation position detecting means. And a difference detecting means such as an eccentricity calculating section 16 for detecting a difference in the eccentricity K or the like from the measurement point, based on a positioning signal received by the receiving section 3a and a difference detected by the difference detecting means. 6 and input unit 1 which can calculate the position (Xn, Yn) of the measurement point
2. Since the measurement point calculation means such as the data analysis unit 13 and the operation correction unit 15 is provided, the difference detection unit detects the position of the reception unit 3a based on the position of the reception unit 3a that received the positioning signal. The position of the measurement point (X
n, Yn) can be calculated. Therefore, the position of the measurement point is calculated based on the difference between the irradiation position of the reference light emitted from the pointer provided at the bottom of the receiving unit 3a and the measurement point, and the supporting means is bent and the position of the pointer is generated. Even if the correlation between the position and the position of the measurement point is broken, the position of the accurate measurement point is always detected. That is, even if the support means such as the column 3b of the antenna 3 provided with the receiving unit 3a is bent, the position of the measurement point is always accurately detected by correcting the deviation by the difference detection means and the measurement point calculation means. I can do it.
Therefore, even if the position of the antenna center C1 or the like is eccentric from the measurement point, the position of the measurement point can be detected without any problem. As described above, according to the present invention, since the detection accuracy of the measured position does not decrease due to the bending of the support means, precise positioning can be performed even by using a long support means in which bending is likely to occur. Therefore, when the receiving section 3a is arranged at a high position using long supporting means so as to be able to catch the positioning signal from the satellite without being disturbed by obstacles on the ground, the effect is particularly effective. It can be remarkably exhibited.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a GPS receiver according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a deviation state of an antenna center position in the GPS receiver shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a conventionally used GPS receiving antenna.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... GPS receiver (GPS receiver) 3a ... Receiver 3b ... Supporting means (post) 5 ... Light receiving means (light receiving plate) 5a ... Light receiving surface 7 ... Pointer (laser pointer) 16 ... Difference detection means (eccentricity amount calculation unit) 6 ... Measurement point calculation means (receiver) 12 ... Measurement point calculation means (input unit) 13 ... Measurement point calculation means (output unit) 15 ... Measurement point calculation means ( Calculation correction section) 40: Reference light (laser light) Pmp: Irradiation position (marking point) Pn: Measurement point (positioning point) S: Positioning signal (radio wave) K: Eccentricity (difference)

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-1-312408 (JP, A) JP-A-3-2514 (JP, A) JP-A-4-79210 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A GP capable of detecting the position of a measurement point to be measured
The receiving device for S, further comprising: a receiving unit that can receive a positioning signal from a satellite; a supporting unit that supports the receiving unit above the measurement point; a pointer at a bottom of the receiving unit; Light-receiving means having a light-receiving surface formed in such a manner as to be able to be emitted vertically downward of the pointer, and having the light-receiving surface facing the pointer; and irradiating the reference light on the light-receiving surface Providing an irradiation position detecting means for detecting a position, an irradiation position of the reference light detected by the irradiation position detecting means, and a difference detecting means for detecting a difference between the measurement point, a positioning signal received by the receiving unit, A GPS receiving device comprising a measuring point calculating means for calculating the position of the measuring point based on the difference detected by the difference detecting means.