JP2732747B2 - Cutting method and cutting tool - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for cutting chips generated when processing a workpiece to flow in a direction of inclination of a front cutting edge in a direction, and for cutting to a corner of a step portion of the workpiece. The present invention relates to a high-efficiency cutting method and a cutting tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in order to cut the outer and inner surfaces of a workpiece, feed is finely performed using a sword tool having a small round circle on a cutting edge, or a cutting tool of a flat tool is parallelized in a feed direction. Although the method of performing rough feeding is used, any method cannot obtain a high-precision cut surface. Therefore, an inclined cutting tool equipped with a straight front cutting edge with a wide width, and sloping the front cutting edge so as to sandwich the rotation center line of the workpiece, thereby cutting the workpiece with high precision Has been developed (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 32-3499).

[0003]

However, the inclined cutting tool has a stepped portion because the portion of the front cutting edge below the center of rotation of the workpiece precedes the central portion of the front cutting edge. In the case of cutting a workpiece, since this portion comes into contact with the step of the workpiece before the center of the blade, cutting to the corner of the step of the workpiece cannot be performed. Further, according to the conventional general cutting tool, it is possible to cut the corner of the step portion of the workpiece, but in this case, the corner having a small radius of about 0.4 mm to 0.8 mm is used. Since the finished surface is formed at the portion, there is a problem that the feed of the cutting tool is extremely small and the machining efficiency is low. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and performs cutting to the corner of a stepped work piece with high efficiency, and chips generated when processing the work piece are directional in the inclination direction of the front cutting edge. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cutting method and a cutting tool which are caused to flow out at the same time.

[0004]

According to the cutting method of the present invention, a cutting tool having a cutting edge tip having a cutting edge angle of 90 degrees or less and a cutting angle to a workpiece of 90 degrees or more is formed on the cutting edge tip. The leading edge of the front cutting edge protrudes forward of the cutting tool body and is positioned substantially on the center line of rotation of the workpiece, and the front cutting edge moves from this corner portion to the center of rotation of the workpiece. It is characterized in that it is arranged opposite to the workpiece so as to be inclined 15 to 75 degrees in a direction away from the upper side or the lower side, and the rotating workpiece is cut by a cutting edge tip. The cutting tool according to the present invention is characterized in that the cutting edge tip fixed to the tip of the cutting tool body is shaped so that the cutting edge angle is 90 degrees or less and the cutting angle with respect to the workpiece is 90 degrees or more, and When the front cutting edge of the front cutting edge is positioned almost on the rotation center line of the workpiece by projecting the front corner of the front cutting edge to the front of the cutting tool main body, the front cutting edge moves from the front corner to the other corner. It is characterized in that it is inclined at an angle of 15 to 75 degrees in a direction away from the rotation center line of the workpiece upward or downward.

The preferred form of the cutting tool of the present invention is
The leading edge of the front cutting edge is made to protrude most from the tip surface of the cutting tool body, and the front cutting edge is gradually moved away from the surface of the workpiece gradually from the leading edge to another corner. Or, when the front edge of the front cutting edge is positioned substantially on the center line of rotation of the workpiece, the front cutting edge moves upward from the center axis of rotation of the workpiece toward the other corner from the front corner. Alternatively, the effective rake angle is configured to gradually increase in a downward or convex curve shape so as to increase the effective rake angle.

It is desirable that the cutting edge tip has a substantially triangular planar shape and that each apex angle is approximately 90 degrees, and the rotation of the workpiece from the tip corner portion of the front cutting edge toward another corner portion. The angle of inclination in the direction away from the center line in the upward or downward direction is preferably between 15 degrees and 75 degrees. In addition, the height of the cutting tool body is equal to the tip corner of the front cutting edge of the cutting edge tip, or the height of the cutting tool body is set to approximately 2 times the height of the tip corner of the front cutting edge of the cutting edge tip. It is desirable that the tip corner of the front cutting edge be positioned on the neutral axis of the cutting tool body. In this case, in order to allow the user to confirm the position of the leading edge of the front cutting edge of the cutting edge tip, a marking line, a dot, an embossing, coloring, printing, etc. It is desirable to provide a display unit by means.

[0007]

According to the cutting method of the present invention, a cutting edge tip having a cutting edge angle of 90 degrees or less and a cutting angle with respect to the workpiece of 90 degrees or more is used. By cutting in line with the line, cutting to the corner of the stepped workpiece can be performed with high efficiency.
By making the front cutting edge inclined, sharpness is improved, high-quality cutting with less vibration can be performed, and chips generated when processing the workpiece are directed in the direction of inclination of the front cutting edge. Since it flows out, the processing of chips becomes easy.

[0008]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.
1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a cutting tool used in the cutting method of the present invention. The cutting tool 1 includes a cutting tool body 4 having a large-diameter portion 2 at a tip and a shank portion 3, and a cutting tool body. A cutting edge tip 5 fixed to the large-diameter portion 2 of the tip 4
It is composed of A support surface 7 that supports the cutting edge tip 5 is formed on the large-diameter end portion 2 of the cutting tool body 4. This support surface 7 is at an angle of 15 ° to 75 ° with respect to the bottom surface 6 extending from the large diameter portion 2 of the cutting tool body 4 to the shank portion 3.
It forms a tilt angle i in the range of degrees, preferably 45 degrees.

The cutting edge tip 5 has a substantially triangular planar shape, and the front cutting edge 8 formed on the cutting edge tip 5
A convex surface is formed between the corner P and the corner Q. The cutting edge tip 5 is provided on the support surface 7 provided on the large-diameter portion 2 at the tip end of the cutting tool main body 4 so that the corner P of the front cutting edge 8 is attached to the cutting tool main body 4.
Is fixed by ordinary fixing means 9 such as a screw so as to be located at a height of h from the bottom surface 6 of the base member. The height position h of the corner P of the front cutting edge 8 is a distance corresponding to the rotation center line XX of the workpiece 10. Also, the front cutting edge 8
From this corner P toward another corner Q, the workpiece 1
It extends in a direction away from the rotation center line XX of 0 upward. At the corner P of the front cutting edge 8, a surface having a radius r as shown in FIG. 3 is formed. The surface having the radius r is located at the most forward position in the feed direction S of the cutting tool 1.
As shown in FIG. 2, the corner P of the front cutting edge 8 is a straight line YY orthogonal to the rotation center line XX of the workpiece 10 (FIG. 3).
Above, it is located at a position protruding forward from the distal end surface 2 a of the large diameter portion 2 of the cutting tool body 4.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the cutting edge tip 5 is fixed to the support surface 7 of the large-diameter portion 2 at the tip end of the cutting tool body 4 and has a cutting angle K with respect to the workpiece 10.
Is set to 90 degrees or more, and the cutting edge angle e is set to 90 degrees or less. With such a set angle, accurate cutting can be performed up to the corner of the right-angled stepped portion 11 of the workpiece 10. The cut amount of the right-angled stepped portion 11 is indicated by a symbol a.

Thus, the cutting edge tip 5 has a cutting angle K
Is greater than or equal to 90 degrees, the cutting edge angle e is less than or equal to 90 degrees, the front cutting edge 8 of the cutting edge tip 5 has a corner P located at the same height as the rotation center line XX of the workpiece 10, and Since the workpiece 10 having the rightmost stepped portion 11 is most advanced in the feed direction S and is most protruding in the cutting direction, the workpiece 10 is rotated in the direction of arrow N in FIG. In this case, the corner P of the stepped portion 11 of the workpiece 10 is
In addition, the cutting edge 8 is inclined to increase the effective rake angle, and the sharpness is improved, so that vibration-free cutting can be performed. Since the chips 12 to be cut are cut out while being curled in a spiral shape, the processing of the chips 12 is simplified. The inclination of the front cutting edge 8 in this manner means that the chips 12 do not weld to the front cutting edge 8 during cutting, so that tool wear due to this welding does not occur, and
Since the ridge line of the front cutting edge 8 is maintained for a long time in an unused state, excellent finished surface roughness can be obtained.

When the cutting edge tip 5 is a throwaway tip, the tip can be easily attached and detached, the time required for tool change can be shortened, and an appropriate portion of the cutting tool main body 4 can be provided with a corner P. The position of the corner P of the front cutting edge 8 of the cutting edge chip 5 can be confirmed by displaying the center height position by an appropriate means such as a score line, a dot, and printing.

5 to 11 show another embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG.
Is fixed to the end face 2 a of the large-diameter portion 2 at the tip end of the cutting tool body 4 via fixing means 9. The front cutting edge 21 of the cutting edge tip 20 forms a convex curve between the corner P and the corner Q, and the corner P in the feed direction protrudes forward of the cutting tool main body 4 and the midpoint M of the front cutting edge 21 or this. The inclination angle i of the tangent line 1-1 passing through a nearby point is set in the range of 15 to 75 degrees, preferably about 45 degrees. As described above, when the cutting edge chip 20 is attached to the cutting tool body 4 in a standing state, the chip becomes thicker in the direction in which the cutting resistance acts, the cutting edge chip is hardly chipped, and the tool life is extended.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7,
The cutting edge tip 30 has a rectangular shape, and the front cutting edge 31 of the cutting edge tip 30 has a flat surface between the corner P and the corner Q. The front cutting edge 31 is straight, but the cross section in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece 10 is circular, so that the surface of the workpiece 10 moves from the corner P of the front cutting edge 31 to another corner Q. Is gradually separated from the front cutting edge 31, and smooth cutting can be performed. Of course, the front cutting edge 31
May be formed in an arc shape, and in this case, the cutting edge tip 30 may be vertically attached to the end face of the cutting tool body 4 as shown in FIG. In the above embodiment, the front cutting edge 31
Is arranged on the cutting tool main body 4 so that the height is inclined upward from the corner in the feed direction of the front cutting edge 31 to the other end so as to be away from the rotation center line XX of the workpiece 10. ing.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the cutting edge tip 40 has a substantially triangular planar shape, and the cutting edge tip 4
The front cutting edge 41 formed at 0 has a convex curved surface between the corner P and the corner Q. The cutting edge tip 40 is fixed to the tip 43 of the cutting tool body 42 by a normal screw-like fixing so that the corner P of the front cutting edge 41 is located at a height h from the bottom surface 6 of the cutting tool body 42. It is fixed by means 9. In this case, the cutting edge tip 40 is arranged at an inclination angle i on the cutting tool body 42 and the corner P of the front cutting edge 41 is
Protrudes most forward of the cutting tool body. That is,
As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the front cutting edge 41 formed on the cutting edge tip 40 has a corner P coincident with the rotation center line XX of the workpiece 10 at an inclination angle i.
Protrudes forward of the cutting tool body 42 by the cut amount a of the right-angled stepped portion 11.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the cutting edge tip 40 is arranged on the end face of the tip 43 of the cutting tool body 42. In order to clarify that the cutting edge tip 40 has a convex curve, the inscribed triangle is indicated by reference numeral 45.
In this case, the corner P of the front cutting edge 41 is
2 is perpendicular to the perpendicular line NN in the direction perpendicular to the bottom side 44, and the other parts are escaped, so that smooth cutting is possible. Note that the shape of the cutting edge tip 40 is not limited to a triangle, but may be a rhombus, and the front cutting edge 41 of the blade tip 40 may be a straight line or a curved line.

[0017]

As described above, according to the present invention, the cutting edge tip fixed to the tip of the cutting tool main body is provided with a cutting edge angle of 90 degrees or less and a cutting angle with respect to the workpiece of 90 degrees or more. When the front cutting edge of the cutting edge tip is positioned almost on the rotation center line of the workpiece by projecting the front corner of the front cutting edge forward of the cutting tool body, the front corner of the front cutting edge In the direction away from the center of rotation of the workpiece upward or downward from the part toward the other corner part.
With the shape inclined at 5 to 75 degrees, cutting to the corner of the step of the workpiece can be performed with high efficiency,
By causing chips generated when cutting a workpiece to flow in a direction of inclination of the front cutting edge in a directional manner, there is an effect that the processing of chips is facilitated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a cutting state of the cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state of chips generated during cutting of the cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a view showing another embodiment of the cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view showing a cutting state according to another embodiment of the cutting tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a cutting state of the cutting tool shown in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a view showing another embodiment of the cutting tool according to the present invention.

9 is a front view showing a cutting state of the cutting tool shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a side view showing a cutting state of the cutting tool shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 11 is a view showing another embodiment of the cutting tool according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cutting tool 3 Shank part 4 Cutting tool main body 5 Cutting edge chip 8 Front cutting edge 10 Workpiece P Corner of front cutting edge XX Center of rotation of workpiece e Edge angle K Cutting angle S Feeding direction

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A cutting tool having a cutting edge having a cutting edge angle of not more than 90 degrees and a cutting angle of not less than 90 degrees with respect to a workpiece, wherein a cutting edge of a front cutting edge formed on the cutting edge tip has a cutting tool body. Projecting forward of the workpiece and positioned substantially on the center line of rotation of the work piece, and the front cutting edge is moved away from the center line of rotation of the work piece upward or downward from this corner toward another corner. A cutting method characterized by disposing the workpiece so as to be inclined at an angle of 75 to 75 degrees and cutting the rotating workpiece using a cutting edge tip. 2. A cutting edge tip fixed to a tip portion of a cutting tool body is shaped so that a cutting edge angle is 90 degrees or less and a cutting angle with respect to a workpiece is 90 degrees or more, and the cutting edge tip is in front of the cutting edge tip. When the cutting edge is positioned almost on the rotation center line of the workpiece by projecting the tip corner of the front cutting edge forward of the cutting tool body, from the tip corner of the front cutting edge toward the other corner A cutting tool having a shape inclined at 15 to 75 degrees in a direction away from the center of rotation of a workpiece upward or downward.