JP2721731B2 - Dust collection device - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dust collector applied to dust removal of high-temperature gas from a combustion device for solid fuel such as coal.

[Conventional technology]

 A conventional example will be described with reference to FIGS.

In FIG. 9, a horizontal plate 2 is provided in a container 3, and the inside of the container is divided into upper and lower chambers 15,14. A porous air-permeable ceramic tube 1 is attached to the horizontal plate 2 via a connector 16 with the opening part upward and the closed end down. The lower chamber 14 of the container 3 is provided with an air supply pipe 4 and a dust discharge pipe 5. Upper Room 15
An exhaust pipe 6 having a valve 7 is attached thereto, and a backwash pipe 8 is attached thereto. The exhaust pipe 6 is connected to a high-pressure gas pipe 9 via a valve 10.

A high-temperature gas containing powder is fed from the air supply pipe 4.
This gas passes through the cylinder 1 and becomes free of particles, and is discharged through the exhaust pipe 6 and the valve 7. As shown in FIG. 10 (a), when the gas containing the particles 18 from the air supply pipe 4 passes through the cylinder 1 as indicated by an arrow 17, the particles 18 remain on the surface of the cylinder 1, and as shown in FIG. 19 to accumulate.

After some accumulation, backwash. In the backwashing, when the valve 7 is closed, the valve 10 is opened, and the high-pressure gas in the mother pipe 9 is introduced into the upper chamber 15, the particles 19 accumulated on the surface of the cylinder 1 as shown in FIG. Due to the backwashing flow 20, the tube 1 comes off the surface of the cylinder 1 and falls. The dropped particles are discharged from the dust discharge pipe 5.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the above conventional example, in the case of backwashing, the pressure inside the cylinder becomes higher than the outside. As shown in FIG. 11, an internal pressure 22 is applied to the cylinder 1 and tensile forces 23 and 24 are generated in the cylinder 1. The ceramic of the cylinder 1 has a high strength against a compressive force, but has a weak property against a tensile force, and may be damaged.

[Means for solving the problem]

 The present invention takes the following means in order to solve the above problems.

That is, as a dust collecting device, a closed vessel having an exhaust gas discharge pipe and a backwash pipe connected to the upper part and an exhaust gas supply pipe and a dust discharge pipe connected to the lower part, and having an opening to divide the upper part and the lower part. A partition wall and a porous, air-permeable ceramic tube which is provided substantially vertically above the opening, and whose upper end is closed and whose lower end is open, are provided. ) Or at least one of (2) and (3).

(1) It has a spherical belt-shaped free support structure at the lower end.

(2) It has a spherical belt-shaped free support structure at the lower end and a torus-shaped peripheral support structure at the upper part.

(3) At least a part has a dense or air-impermeable part.

[Action]

By the above-mentioned means, the exhaust gas containing the particles is usually guided from the exhaust gas supply pipe to the lower part of the container. Thereafter, the particles are passed through the inner surface of the cylinder, and the clean gas exits at the top and is discharged from the exhaust gas discharge pipe. Also, particles (dust) fall to the lower part and are discharged from the dust discharge pipe.

In the case of backwashing, when high-pressure gas is introduced into the upper part of the container from the backwashing pipe, the dust accumulated on the inner surface of the cylinder is pushed inward, peels off and falls downward. In this way, the dust accumulated on the inner surface of the cylinder falls down and is removed from the exhaust gas discharge pipe. At this time, since the pressure of the high-pressure gas is applied to the outer surface of the cylinder, a compressive force is generated in the cylinder, so that there is no possibility that the ceramic may be damaged. Further, at least one action and effect of the following (1) and (3) is exhibited, or at least one action and effect of (2) and (3) is exhibited.

(1) The upper part shakes or tilts around the lower end support structure due to the back wash pressure and its fluctuation during back wash or thermal deformation under high temperature, but the lower end has a spherical belt-shaped free support structure. Only slide between the contact surfaces. Then, no gap is generated between the contact surfaces, and the surface pressure is not excessively large. Therefore, there is no decrease in sealability or breakage.

(2) If the width of the fluctuation or inclination becomes excessive for some reason, it exceeds the effective support range of the spherical zone shape.
The torus-shaped peripheral support structure limits the swinging and tilting width of the upper portion, and the sliding of the lower end portion is suppressed within the effective support range of the spherical shape.

 Therefore, there is no decrease in sealability or breakage.

(3) Since part of the cylinder is dense or non-permeable, deformation of the cylinder due to backwash pressure during backwashing is not uniform, and the dust layer is easily peeled off from the inner surface of the cylinder. In this way, a highly reliable dust collecting device can be obtained.

〔Example〕

 A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The closed vessel 3 has a backwash pipe 8 connected to the upper part thereof, and is connected to a high-pressure gas mother pipe 9 via a valve 10. An exhaust gas discharge pipe (exhaust pipe) 6 is connected to the upper part and has a valve 7. Further, an exhaust gas supply pipe (air supply pipe) 4 and a dust discharge pipe 5 are connected to the lower part. A partition wall (horizontal plate) 2 for dividing the upper part and the lower part is provided, and the partition wall 2 has an opening a having a diameter equal to the inner diameter of a tube described later. A porous air-permeable ceramic tube 101 having a closed upper end and an open lower end is placed substantially vertically above the opening a of the partition wall 2 and connected by the connector 16.

In the above configuration, the exhaust gas containing the particles is usually guided from the exhaust gas supply pipe 4 to the lower part of the container 3 in the above-described configuration. Thereafter, particles are passed through the inner surface of the cylinder 101 (see FIG. 2 (a)), and the clean gas flows upward and is discharged from the exhaust gas discharge pipe 6. The particles (dust) 18 fall downward and are discharged from the dust discharge pipe 5.

When the dust 18 accumulates to a certain extent on the inner surface of the cylinder 101 (see FIG. 2B), backwashing is performed.

In the case of backwashing, when the high pressure gas is introduced into the upper part of the container 3 from the backwash pipe 8 by closing the valve 7, the dust accumulated on the inner surface of the cylinder 101 is pushed inward, is separated, and falls downward ( (See FIG. 2 (c)). In this way, dust accumulated on the inner surface of the cylinder 101 is removed. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, since the pressure 122 of the high-pressure gas is applied to the outer surface of the cylinder 101, compressive forces 123 and 124 are generated in the cylinder 101, so that there is no possibility that the ceramic may be damaged. In this way, a highly reliable dust collecting device can be obtained.

A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In FIG. 4, an exhaust gas discharge pipe 6 is connected to the upper part of the closed type container 3a. An exhaust gas supply pipe 4 and a dust discharge pipe 5 are connected to a lower portion. Further, a lower partition wall 2a for partitioning the upper part and the lower part and an upper partition wall 37 are provided inside the container 3a. Opposite openings are formed in the partition walls 2a and 37, and a ceramic tube 101 is provided in the opening. These details are shown in FIG. A metal receiving plate 24 thinner than the thickness of the partition wall 2a is inserted into and attached to the opening of the partition wall 2a. The center of the receiving plate 24 has the same hole b as the inner diameter of the cylinder 101.
The upper part is finished in a spherical band shape c. Further, around the hole b, a hole 55 for passing a temperature controlling fluid is formed. A groove is formed around the upper part of the hole b, and a packing 27 is provided.

The lower end of the tube 101 is inserted into a cap-shaped lower end block 28. The lower end block 28 has a hole penetrating the inner diameter of the cylinder 101, and the periphery of the hole is finished in a ball band d corresponding to the ball band c.

A support plate 36 is inserted and attached to the opening of the upper partition wall 37. In the center of the support plate 36, a hole e having a diameter (about +10 mm) slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cylinder 101 is formed, and the periphery of the hole e is finished in the shape of a torus. A hole 61 is formed around the hole e for passing a temperature controlling fluid.

The lower part of the cylinder 101 is the packing 27
And the upper end is inserted into the hole e of the support plate 26. Insulation materials 25, 26
Is stretched.

In the above structure, usually, a high-temperature (about 1000 ° C.) gas containing dust is introduced from the exhaust gas supply pipe 4 into the lower part of the container 3a. The gas passes through the hole b of the receiving plate 24, passes through the inside of the cylinder 101, and exits outside. Thereafter, it is guided to the outside from the exhaust gas discharge pipe 6. The temperature of the receiving plate 24 and the supporting plate 36 is controlled by the fluid passing through the holes 25 and 61, but the temperature becomes considerably high. The shape and position of the holes b and e change due to the deformation due to the temperature. For example, the center lines 22 and 23 of the holes b and e before the gas introduction change to the center lines 22 'and 23' after the gas introduction due to the deformation due to the temperature. However, in this case as well, the lower end of the cylinder 101 is freely supported only by sliding the lower surface of the lower block 28 on the packing 27 to perform the yoke. In this way, the cylinder 10
External force due to thermal deformation from the receiving plate 24 and the supporting plate 36 is not applied to 1, and the lower end is always kept airtight by the packing 27. Therefore, high reliability is obtained. The other operations are almost the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description is omitted.

 FIG. 6 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.

The top 10 of the cylinder 101a in the first and second embodiments
2 is densely or impermeable to air.

In this way, by partially sealing the cylinder 101a or making the pores smaller than the other part and lowering the air permeability (enhancing rigidity), the deformation of the cylinder 101a due to the backwash pressure during the backwash can be uniform. In other words, the dust layer can be easily separated and dropped from the inner surface of the cylinder 101a.

 FIG. 7 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

In the cylinders of the first and second embodiments, the cylinder 101b
A part 103 on the side surface of is formed densely or impermeable to air in the generatrix direction. The operation is substantially the same as that of the third embodiment, and the description is omitted.

 FIG. 8 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

In the cylinders of the first and second embodiments, the cylinder 101c
A part 104 on the side surface of the rim is formed densely or impermeable in the circumferential direction. The operation is almost the same as in the third embodiment.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of the operation of the embodiment, FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment of the present invention, FIG.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cylindrical portion according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a transverse sectional view of a cylindrical portion according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a cylindrical portion according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the conventional example, and FIGS. 10 and 11 are operation explanatory diagrams of the conventional example. 1, 101, 101a, 101b, 101c ... cylinder, 2 ... partition wall (horizontal plate), 3 ... container, 4 ... exhaust gas supply pipe, 5 ... dust discharge pipe, 6 ... exhaust gas discharge pipe, 8 ... reverse Wash tube.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kazuo Masaguchi 1-1, Akunoura-cho, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Nagasaki Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Shozo Kaneko 1-1-1, Akunoura-cho, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture Inside Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Nagasaki Shipyard (72) Inventor Akio Namiki 1-1, Akunouramachi, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture Inside Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Nagasaki Shipyard (72) Inventor Hiroshi Akiyama 1-1, Akunouracho, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Nagasaki Shipyard (72) Inventor Yoichiro Nakajima 1-1, Akunoura-cho, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Nagasaki Shipyard (72) Inventor Yoshito Ogawa 1-1, Akunoura-cho, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Nagasaki Shipyard (72) Inventor Shigetasu Ishigami 2-5-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Within the company (56) Reference Patent flat 2-280807 (JP, A)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An airtight container having an exhaust gas discharge pipe and a backwash pipe connected to an upper part thereof and an exhaust gas supply pipe and a tasting discharge pipe connected to a lower part thereof, and a partition wall having an opening and separating the upper part and the lower part. And a porous air-permeable ceramic tube which is provided substantially vertically above the opening and whose upper end is closed and whose lower end is open. The above-mentioned ceramic tube includes the following (1) and (3). A dust collecting device having at least one, or at least one of (2) and (3). (1) It has a spherical belt-shaped free support structure at the lower end. (2) It has a spherical belt-shaped free support structure at the lower end and a torus-shaped peripheral support structure at the upper part. (3) At least a part has a dense or air-impermeable part.