JP2720988B2 - Overcharge prevention circuit - Google Patents

Overcharge prevention circuit

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Publication number
JP2720988B2
JP2720988B2 JP63236538A JP23653888A JP2720988B2 JP 2720988 B2 JP2720988 B2 JP 2720988B2 JP 63236538 A JP63236538 A JP 63236538A JP 23653888 A JP23653888 A JP 23653888A JP 2720988 B2 JP2720988 B2 JP 2720988B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
zener diode
battery
thermal fuse
circuit
prevention circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP63236538A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH0287935A (en
Inventor
謙二 荒井
吉野  彰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Asahi Kasei Corp
Original Assignee
Asahi Kasei Kogyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asahi Kasei Kogyo KK filed Critical Asahi Kasei Kogyo KK
Priority to JP63236538A priority Critical patent/JP2720988B2/en
Publication of JPH0287935A publication Critical patent/JPH0287935A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2720988B2 publication Critical patent/JP2720988B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野] 本発明は電池の過充電防止回路に関する。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a battery overcharge prevention circuit.

[従来の技術] 一般に電池においては、適正な充電条件を越えて過充
電を行うと電解液の分解に伴なってガスが発生する。開
放型または排出型の電池においては、発生したガスを逃
がすことができるが、その結果電極は多少損傷を受け
る。
[Related Art] In general, in a battery, when overcharging is performed beyond proper charging conditions, gas is generated along with decomposition of an electrolytic solution. In open or exhausted batteries, the evolved gas can escape, but the electrodes are somewhat damaged as a result.

一方、密閉型の電池では、ガス圧が内部で高まり、爆
発事故を起す。なお、密閉型蓄電池においては過充電に
対して、安全弁を設けることによりガス圧の上昇に配慮
しているものがあるが、これらの安全弁を設けた電池に
あってはガス抜きを確実に行なえない場合も生じ、信頼
性の面で問題がある。しかも、安全弁の作動により腐食
性の高いガスが放出されるため、電池が組込まれた機器
を腐食させるという欠点がある。
On the other hand, in a sealed battery, the gas pressure increases inside, causing an explosion accident. Some sealed storage batteries are designed to provide a safety valve against overcharging to increase the gas pressure.However, batteries with these safety valves cannot be reliably vented. In some cases, there is a problem in reliability. In addition, since the highly corrosive gas is released by the operation of the safety valve, there is a drawback that the device in which the battery is incorporated is corroded.

それ故、電池を完全に充電し、安全に使用できる装置
が必要である。
Therefore, there is a need for a device that fully charges a battery and that can be used safely.

[発明が解決しようとする課題] カナダ特許第698,137号および米国特許第3,343,058号
では、電池にダイオードを並列に入れることにより、該
電池の適切な充電条件を越えて過充電された時、ダイオ
ード側に電流を放散させて電池側に電流をほとんど流さ
ないようにすることにより、以上のような問題を解決し
ようとしている。
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In Canadian Patent No. 698,137 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,343,058, a diode is placed in parallel with a battery so that when the battery is overcharged beyond the proper charging conditions, the diode side The above-mentioned problem is intended to be solved by dissipating the current to the battery so that almost no current flows to the battery side.

しかし、これら2つの解決手段に伴なう問題として、
ダイオードを十分に大きくして全電流量を放散させる必
要があるため、物理的に大きな素子が必要となり、しか
もその際の発熱についても考慮が必要である。
However, the problem with these two solutions is that
Since it is necessary to dissipate the total amount of current by making the diode sufficiently large, a physically large element is required, and heat generation at that time also needs to be considered.

本発明の目的は以上のような問題を解消した過充電防
止回路を提供することにある。
An object of the present invention is to provide an overcharge prevention circuit that solves the above problems.

[課題を解決するための手段] このような目的を達成するために、本発明は、単電池
もしくは2個以上の単電池からなる組電池に組み込まれ
た過充電防止回路であって、前記電池と並列に接続した
200mW〜500mWのツェナーダイオードと、前記電池と直列
に接続した温度ヒューズとを有し、前記ツェナーダイオ
ードの温度を検知し得る位置に前記温度ヒューズが配置
されていることを特徴とする。
Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve such an object, the present invention relates to an overcharge prevention circuit incorporated in a single battery or an assembled battery including two or more single batteries, Connected in parallel with
It has a Zener diode of 200 mW to 500 mW and a thermal fuse connected in series with the battery, and the thermal fuse is arranged at a position where the temperature of the Zener diode can be detected.

なお、本発明でいうツェナーダイオードとは一定電圧
以上の電圧が印加された場合に電流が流れ出す素子であ
り、通常かかる電流の流れ出す電圧(以下、ツェナー電
圧という。)は数V〜数百Vの物が各種市販されてお
り、目的の設定電圧の物を任意に選択することができ
る。すなわち正常な充電電圧が印加されている場合には
ツェナーダイオードには電流が流れず、一定電圧以上印
加された場合にツェナーダイオードに電流が流れること
が必要である。かかる目的はツェナーダイオードを電池
と並列に接続することにより達成される。本発明者ら
は、ツェナーダイオードの温度を検知し得る位置に例え
ば溶融温度50℃〜250℃の温度ヒューズを配置させるこ
とにより当該ツェナーダイオードにツェナー電圧以上の
電圧が印加されたときに発熱して、該温度ヒューズを極
めて精度よく溶断し得ることを見出した。温度ヒューズ
が電池と直列に接続されている場合には一定電圧以上印
加された場合に当該温度ヒューズの溶断により回路が開
放状態となり電池の過充電が防止される。
Note that the Zener diode referred to in the present invention is an element from which current flows when a voltage equal to or higher than a certain voltage is applied. Various products are commercially available, and a product having a desired set voltage can be arbitrarily selected. That is, when a normal charging voltage is applied, no current flows through the Zener diode, and when a predetermined voltage or more is applied, a current needs to flow through the Zener diode. This object is achieved by connecting a zener diode in parallel with the battery. The present inventors, for example, by disposing a temperature fuse having a melting temperature of 50 ° C. to 250 ° C. at a position where the temperature of the Zener diode can be detected, heat is generated when a voltage equal to or higher than the Zener voltage is applied to the Zener diode. It has been found that the thermal fuse can be blown extremely accurately. When the thermal fuse is connected in series with the battery, when a certain voltage or more is applied, the thermal fuse is blown to open the circuit, thereby preventing overcharging of the battery.

[作用] 本発明によれば、電池への充電が完了して、ツェナー
ダイオードにツェナー電圧以上の電圧が印加されたとき
に、当該ツェナーダイオードが発熱し、もって温度ヒュ
ーズが溶断して充電回路が開放状態となる。
[Operation] According to the present invention, when charging of the battery is completed and a voltage equal to or higher than the Zener voltage is applied to the Zener diode, the Zener diode generates heat, so that the thermal fuse is blown and the charging circuit is activated. It becomes open.

[実施例] 前述の如く、本発明の保護回路は単電池もしくは2個
以上の単電池からなる組電池に組込むことが可能であ
り、その実施例を図面を参照して説明する。
[Embodiment] As described above, the protection circuit of the present invention can be incorporated in a unit cell or an assembled battery including two or more unit cells, and an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

第1図は単電池に適用した本発明実施例の回路例を示
す。
FIG. 1 shows a circuit example of an embodiment of the present invention applied to a unit cell.

電池1には並列にツェナーダイオード2が接続され、
さらに電池1と直列に低融点合金からなる温度ヒューズ
3を接続し、充電時には、これら電池1およびヒューズ
3の直列回路を充電器4に接続する。温度ヒューズ3
は、ツェナーダイオード2の温度を検知しうる位置に配
置する。
A zener diode 2 is connected in parallel to the battery 1,
Further, a temperature fuse 3 made of a low melting point alloy is connected in series with the battery 1, and a series circuit of the battery 1 and the fuse 3 is connected to a charger 4 during charging. Thermal fuse 3
Is located at a position where the temperature of the Zener diode 2 can be detected.

このような構成によれば、充電完了後に過充電状態と
なった場合、ツェナーダイオード2に電流が流れて発熱
する。その結果、温度ヒューズが当該発熱によって溶断
し、充電回路は開放され、電池の過充電が防止され、以
後の発熱はない。
According to such a configuration, when the battery is overcharged after completion of charging, current flows through the Zener diode 2 to generate heat. As a result, the thermal fuse is blown by the heat generation, the charging circuit is opened, the battery is prevented from being overcharged, and no heat is generated thereafter.

第2図に第1図の応用例として電池内部にツェナーダ
イオードと温度ヒューズを組込んだものを断面図で示
す。
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an application example of FIG. 1 in which a Zener diode and a thermal fuse are incorporated in a battery.

第2図において、1Aは電池缶、1Bは正極、1Cは負極、
1Dはセパレータ、1Eは正極タブ、1Fは負極タブ、1Gは正
極であって、ツェナーダイオード2は正極タブ1Eおよび
負極タブ1F間に接続し、温度ヒューズ3は正極タブ1Eお
よび正極1G間に接続する。
In FIG. 2, 1A is a battery can, 1B is a positive electrode, 1C is a negative electrode,
1D is a separator, 1E is a positive electrode tab, 1F is a negative electrode tab, 1G is a positive electrode, the Zener diode 2 is connected between the positive electrode tab 1E and the negative electrode tab 1F, and the thermal fuse 3 is connected between the positive electrode tab 1E and the positive electrode 1G. I do.

第3図に第2図の要部を拡大して示す。 FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG.

本発明の回路はツェナーダイオードを電池電圧検知と
低融点合金ヒューズの溶断に用いることに特徴を有する
ため、200mW〜500mWの小型のツェナーダイオードを用い
ることが可能であり、第2図のような電池内部への組込
み回路としても使用できる。なお上記実施例ではツェナ
ーダイオードに小電力用のものを用いて形成したが、こ
れに限定されない。
The circuit of the present invention is characterized in that the zener diode is used for battery voltage detection and blowing of the low melting point alloy fuse. Therefore, a small zener diode of 200 mW to 500 mW can be used. It can also be used as a built-in circuit inside. In the above embodiment, the Zener diode is formed by using a small-power diode, but the present invention is not limited to this.

次に多数の電池からなる組電池への適用例を示す。第
4図は第1図の回路を直列に多数個接続したものであ
り、もしいずれか1つの単電池1において過充電状態に
到達すれば、該電池における温度ヒューズが溶断し、全
回路が開放状態となる。第5図,第6図は第4図の応用
例であり、第5図に示すものは、直列接続した複数個の
電池1の各々に、並列にツェナーダイオード2を接続
し、直列接続した複数個の電池1に直列に、ツェナーダ
イオード2に対応させた(つまり、各々がツェナーダイ
オード2の温度を検知し得るように対応させた)数の温
度ヒューズ3を接続したものであり、第6図に示すもの
は、直列接続した複数個の電池1の各々に並列にツェナ
ーダイオード2を接続し、直列接続した複数個の電池1
に直列に1個の温度ヒューズ30を接続したものである。
Next, an example of application to an assembled battery including a large number of batteries will be described. FIG. 4 shows a series connection of a large number of the circuits of FIG. 1. If an overcharge state is reached in any one of the cells 1, the thermal fuse in the cell is blown and the entire circuit is opened. State. 5 and 6 show an application example of FIG. 4, and FIG. 5 shows an example in which a zener diode 2 is connected in parallel to each of a plurality of batteries 1 connected in series and a plurality of batteries 1 connected in series. FIG. 6 shows the number of the thermal fuses 3 connected in series to the batteries 1 in a number corresponding to the Zener diode 2 (that is, each corresponding to the temperature of the Zener diode 2). Is connected to a zener diode 2 in parallel with each of a plurality of batteries 1 connected in series to form a plurality of batteries 1 connected in series.
Is connected to one thermal fuse 30 in series.

第5図および第6図のいずれも電池に直列に温度ヒュ
ーズが接続されているという点で作用効果は同じであ
る。また、第6図からわかるように、各ツェナーダイオ
ードの温度によって溶断されるならば温度ヒューズの数
は電池の数より少なくても構わない。
Both FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 have the same effect in that a thermal fuse is connected in series to the battery. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the number of thermal fuses may be smaller than the number of batteries if the fuse is blown by the temperature of each Zener diode.

さらに第1図に示される本発明の基本回路についての
詳細な具体例を第7図(a),(b),(c)に示す。
7 (a), 7 (b) and 7 (c) show detailed specific examples of the basic circuit of the present invention shown in FIG.

第7図(a)はツェナーダイオード2に同程度の内径
の金属チューブ71をかぶせ、金属チューブ71の外側部分
に低融点合金からなる温度ヒューズ3によって接点を形
成し、当該接点にリード線72を配したものより構成され
る。
FIG. 7 (a) shows a zener diode 2 covered with a metal tube 71 having a similar inner diameter, and a contact formed on the outer portion of the metal tube 71 by a thermal fuse 3 made of a low melting point alloy. It is composed of those arranged.

第7図(b)はツェナーダイオード2に金属線73を巻
き付け、該ダイオード3の周面上であって、該金属線73
間に低融点合金からなる温度ヒューズ3を塗布し、該塗
布面上にリード線72を固着したものであり、第7図
(c)は、ツェナーダイオード2のリード線上に低融点
合金からなる温度ヒューズ3を固着し、この温度ヒュー
ズ3上にリード線72を固着したものである。
FIG. 7 (b) shows a state in which a metal wire 73 is wound around the Zener diode 2, and the metal wire 73 is provided on the peripheral surface of the diode 3.
A temperature fuse 3 made of a low melting point alloy is applied in between, and a lead wire 72 is fixed on the coated surface. FIG. 7 (c) shows the temperature of the low melting point alloy on the lead wire of the Zener diode 2. The fuse 3 is fixed, and the lead wire 72 is fixed on the thermal fuse 3.

小電力用ツェナーダイオードを用いると、この溶断に
必要な電流量は10mA〜100mAであり、適切なツェナー電
圧を有するツェナーダイオードを選ぶことにより回路の
作動電位を0.1V以内に制御できる。また、ツェナーダイ
オードを電池に並列に接続したことによる電池の漏れ電
流,自己放電は、ツェナーダイオードの漏れ電流は通常
μA以下の量であるので、該電池の適切な充電電位より
も少し高いツェナー電圧のツェナーダイオードを選ぶこ
とによりほとんど影響はない。
When a low-power zener diode is used, the amount of current required for the fusing is 10 mA to 100 mA, and the operating potential of the circuit can be controlled within 0.1 V by selecting a zener diode having an appropriate zener voltage. In addition, the leakage current and self-discharge of the battery caused by connecting the zener diode in parallel to the battery are as follows. Since the leakage current of the zener diode is usually less than μA, the Zener voltage is slightly higher than the appropriate charging potential of the battery. There is almost no effect by choosing the Zener diode of

[発明の効果] 以上詳述した如く、本発明によれば任意の電位で精度
よく動作する、小さく、安価な過充電防止回路を提供で
きる。
[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a small and inexpensive overcharge prevention circuit that operates accurately at an arbitrary potential.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

第1図は本発明実施例の回路図、 第2図は本発明実施例の具体的応用例の断面図、 第3図は第2図の要部拡大図、 第4図,第5図および第6図は本発明のそれぞれ別の実
施例の回路図、 第7図は第1図の実施例の具体例を示す図である。 1…電池、2…ツェナーダイオード、3…温度ヒュー
ズ。
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a specific application example of the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 2, FIG. FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a specific example of the embodiment of FIG. 1 ... Battery, 2 ... Zener diode, 3 ... Temperature fuse.

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】単電池もしくは2個以上の単電池からなる
組電池に組み込まれた過充電防止回路であって、前記電
池と並列に接続した200mW〜500mWのツェナーダイオード
と、前記電池と直列に接続した温度ヒューズとを有し、
前記ツェナーダイオードの温度を検知し得る位置に前記
温度ヒューズが配置されていることを特徴とする過充電
防止回路。
1. An overcharge prevention circuit incorporated in a unit cell or an assembled battery composed of two or more unit cells, comprising a zener diode of 200 mW to 500 mW connected in parallel with the battery, and a zener diode connected in series with the battery. With a connected thermal fuse,
An overcharge prevention circuit, wherein the thermal fuse is arranged at a position where the temperature of the Zener diode can be detected.
JP63236538A 1988-09-22 1988-09-22 Overcharge prevention circuit Expired - Lifetime JP2720988B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63236538A JP2720988B2 (en) 1988-09-22 1988-09-22 Overcharge prevention circuit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63236538A JP2720988B2 (en) 1988-09-22 1988-09-22 Overcharge prevention circuit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0287935A JPH0287935A (en) 1990-03-28
JP2720988B2 true JP2720988B2 (en) 1998-03-04

Family

ID=17002155

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63236538A Expired - Lifetime JP2720988B2 (en) 1988-09-22 1988-09-22 Overcharge prevention circuit

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2720988B2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995000993A1 (en) * 1993-06-17 1995-01-05 Bolder Battery, Inc. Cutoff circuit for battery recharger
AU8913298A (en) * 1997-08-22 1999-03-16 Duracell Inc. Current interrupter for electrochemical cells
US6331763B1 (en) 1998-04-15 2001-12-18 Tyco Electronics Corporation Devices and methods for protection of rechargeable elements
WO1999056374A1 (en) * 1998-04-15 1999-11-04 Tyco Electronics Corporation Protection systems for rechargeable elements
JP3825387B2 (en) * 2002-10-09 2006-09-27 ソニーケミカル&インフォメーションデバイス株式会社 Secondary battery with protection circuit
CA2530164C (en) 2003-07-10 2008-10-14 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Engine-driven work machine
JP2006004682A (en) * 2004-06-16 2006-01-05 Bimetal Japan Kk Voltage determination method, voltage determination component, power interrupting method, and power interrupting device
TWI303897B (en) * 2004-09-07 2008-12-01 Lg Chemical Ltd Safety device for preventing overcharge and secondary battery therewith
JP6292802B2 (en) * 2013-09-06 2018-03-14 デクセリアルズ株式会社 Battery circuit, protection circuit
CN109995115B (en) * 2019-04-17 2024-02-02 惠州拓邦电气技术有限公司 Dual-battery pack charging circuit, power supply device and electronic equipment

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3343058A (en) 1964-08-12 1967-09-19 Accumulateurs Fixes Storage batteries and cells

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JPS598238U (en) * 1982-07-02 1984-01-19 日立工機株式会社 storage battery charger
JPS6257543U (en) * 1985-09-27 1987-04-09
JPS6452865A (en) * 1987-08-20 1989-02-28 Asahi Chemical Ind Sizing method
JPH02237437A (en) * 1989-03-07 1990-09-20 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Overcharging preventer

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US3343058A (en) 1964-08-12 1967-09-19 Accumulateurs Fixes Storage batteries and cells

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0287935A (en) 1990-03-28

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