JP2717823B2 - Press forming machine - Google Patents

Description

Description: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pressure molding machine for producing a molded product by pressing a molding material, and more particularly, to supplying the molding material one after another. The present invention relates to a press forming machine capable of continuously press forming the same.

[Conventional technology]

An endless belt mechanism, which is formed by wrapping an endless belt between a pair of rotating rollers facing apart from each other, is disposed vertically facing each other, and forms powder or granules supplied between the upper and lower belts. There is a pressure molding machine that gradually pressurizes the material as the belt moves, and forms a plate.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the conventional pressure molding machine, the belt may be shifted laterally during continuous operation for a long time. In other words, the belt is gradually displaced to the right or left from the rotating roller due to deformation such as elongation or bending of the belt, and eventually the belt comes into contact with another, damaging the belt or damaging other objects. There is a problem that the operation is impossible.

Therefore, in order to prevent such a situation, if the belt starts to shift, the operation of the molding machine is stopped and the belt is corrected, but such work is interrupted. And there is a problem that the efficiency is reduced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to always allow a belt to run stably and to continue pressure molding of a molding material without interruption. It is to provide a press forming machine which has been developed.

[Means for solving the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the means described in the claims, and the operation is as follows.

[Operation] The upper and lower endless belts are continuously driven. The molding material supplied between the endless belts is pressure-formed between them while being sequentially transferred by the belts. The lateral displacement during the running of the endless belt is detected by the detecting means, and a correction command is given to the correcting means. The correcting means changes the direction of the roller based on the command. The change corrects the lateral displacement of the belt.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, drawings showing an embodiment of the present application will be described. 1, 2 and 3, the pressure molding machine 1 includes a machine frame A and upper and lower endless belt mechanisms B and C attached to the machine frame A. The endless belt mechanisms B and C are disposed above and below the molding material transfer trajectory X with a gap for pressurizing the molding material therebetween.

The machine frame A includes a lower frame 3 installed on the floor 2,
It includes a middle frame 4 arranged in parallel on the same frame, and an upper frame 5 shorter than the lower frame further stacked on the middle frame 4. The lower frame 3 and the middle frame 4 constitute a frame for the lower endless belt mechanism C. The upper frame 5 and the middle frame 4 constitute a frame of the endless belt mechanism B on the upper side.

Next, the endless belt mechanisms B and C will be described. At both ends of each of the upper and lower frames, rotatable rotating rollers 6 to 13 are rotatably supported. Of the above rotating rollers, rotating rollers 10 to 13 located on the right side in the drawing.
Are driven in a chain by an electric motor 14, and the rotating rollers 6 to 9 located on the left side (material input side) in the drawing are of a non-driving type. 15 is an endless belt stretched between a pair of outer rotating rollers 8 and 13 on the upper side, and 16 is a pair of inner rotating rollers 9 and 12
Endless belt stretched between the pair of outer rotating rollers 6 and 11 on the lower side, and 17 is an endless belt stretched between the pair of rotating rollers 7 and 10 located on the inner side. In each case, for example, a stainless steel belt is used. Reference numeral 31 denotes a multi-stage pressure roller group attached to the inside of the belts 15 and 16 at the portion where the belts 15 and 16 are overlapped (pressing portion) in the endless belt mechanism B on the upper side. Several rollers are used. Reference numeral 32 denotes a belt 17, 1 in the lower endless belt mechanism C.
Reference numeral 8 denotes a similar multi-stage pressure roller group provided inside a portion where two sheets are stacked. In the upper pressure roller group 31, each roller is pressed downward (the lower pressure roller side) by a pressure device, for example, a hydraulic cylinder 63, and is also moved vertically (the distance between the upper and lower pressure rollers). Can be adjusted arbitrarily. The rollers of the upper pressure roller group 31 are moved in the direction of movement of the belt (the drawing) so that the inorganic molding material 33 passing between the upper and lower pressure roller groups is gradually pressed by the movement of the belt. (Rightward direction), it is arranged so as to be gradually inclined downward, that is, arranged so that the distance between the roller 32 and the lower roller 32 becomes smaller. 37 is a prime mover for the pressure roller, 38 is a speed reducer having one end connected to the prime mover 37, and the other end is connected to the pressure roller. Reference numeral 34 shown in FIG. 3 is a material input hopper installed on the lower frame, and is capable of supplying a molding material, for example, an inorganic molding material 33, onto the lower belt 17.

Next, FIGS. 4 and 5 showing the mounting structure of the non-drive type rotating roller to the machine frame will be described. Rotary roller 6 ~
Each of the rotating shafts 6a, 7a, 8a, 9a 9 is rotatable at both ends by a centering bearing 55 and in the front-rear direction (the left side is referred to as front and the right side is referred to as rear in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 5). Eccentrically supported. The centering bearing 55 is housed in the housing 40 including the housing main body 40a and the housing lid 40b. The housing 40 is mounted to be movable (displaceable) in the longitudinal direction of the frame (the longitudinal direction of the belt, ie, the front-rear direction) with respect to the guide grooves 56a of the bearing mounting portions 56 provided on both left and right sides of the frame. In order to smooth the movement (displacement) of the housing, the housing body 40a
An oilless metal 57 is interposed between the lower end surface 40c of the guide groove 56a and the lower edge upper surface 56a 'of the guide groove 56a. A bearing nut 58 for retaining is screwed to the shaft end of the rotary shaft, and furthermore, the end surface 55a of the aligning bearing 55 and the step end surfaces 6a ', 7a', 8 of the rotary shaft.
A metal collar 59 is interposed between a ′ and 9a ′.

Next, a description will be given of FIG. 6 showing a structure for mounting a driving type rotary roller to a machine frame. Since the mounting structure is substantially the same as that of the non-driving type rotary roller, only the differences will be described below, and the same parts will be denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description will be omitted. The housing 40 'of the aligning bearing 55 is fixed to the bearing mounting portion 61 of the frame during normal operation, and moves (displaces) like a bearing of a non-drive type rotating roller.
Nothing to do. However, even in this case, when replacing the endless belt, the above-mentioned rotating rollers 10 to 13 are manually operated.
Since it is necessary to move the rotating shafts 10a, 11a, 12a, 13a along the guide grooves 61a of the bearing mounting portion 61 of the frame, and change the direction of the rotating shaft to correct the belt position deviation,
Fixing screws (not particularly shown) are provided at both ends of the housing so that the housing 40 'of the bearing can be moved in the front-rear direction with respect to the guide groove 61a formed in the bearing mounting portion 61 of the frame by adjusting the screws. Has become. Reference numeral 64 denotes a driving sprocket. A chain is hung between the driving sprocket and the electric motor 14, and the rollers rotate.

Next, a description will be given of a correcting device provided to stably continue the running of each endless belt in each of the endless belt mechanisms B and C by automatically correcting the lateral displacement of the endless belt. The correction device is used for each of the endless belts 15-18.
Are provided with an equal configuration, respectively. Hereinafter, the correcting device provided for the endless belt 17 will be described first.

The correcting device includes a detecting means D (see FIGS. 7, 8, and 9) for detecting a lateral displacement of the endless belt 17, and one of the detecting means D corresponding to a detection signal from the detecting means D, if any. A correcting means E is provided for cumulatively inclining the axis of the rotating roller, for example, the rotating roller 6 with respect to the axis of the other rotating roller, for example, the rotating roller 11, and canceling the inclination when there is no such axis. In the present embodiment, the correcting means E comprises a control device E 'for controlling the correcting mechanism in response to the detection signal from the detecting means, and a rotating shaft 6a of the roller 6 which is moved forward by a command from the control device E'. Or a correction mechanism E ″ for performing an operation of tilting the sensor in the backward direction.
Is constituted by a pair of detection elements arranged on the left and right sides of the belt 17 at the position as shown in FIG. 3, but may have a structure arranged only on one side. Since the detection elements on both sides have the same configuration, only one of them will be described below with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, and redundant description of the other will be omitted. Reference numeral 48 denotes a base on which the frame 3 is mounted, and reference numerals 44a and 44c denote detection switches mounted on the base, which use proximity switches for detecting the proximity of a metal body. 49 is an air cylinder mounted on the base 48, 50 is a solenoid valve that supplies or stops air to the air cylinder, 51 is a linear guide, and a fixed part 51a is mounted on the base 48 and is slidable with respect to the fixed part. The portion 51b is connected to the piston 49a of the air cylinder 49. Reference numeral 52 denotes a detection rod, which is integrally attached to the distal end of the movable portion 51b of the linear guide and extends vertically downward. A lower end is provided with a rotatable roller 53 exemplified as a detection unit. The roller 53 is constantly pressed during operation of the belt by an appropriate pressure of the cylinder 49 against the side surface of the steel belt 17, and the roller 53 is thus rotated during the running of the belt. Reference numeral 54 denotes an operating shaft attached to the movable portion 51b of the linear guide, which includes metal bodies 44a 'and 44c' for the detection switch.
Is installed.

Next, the correcting mechanism E "is constituted by hydraulic cylinders 39 attached to the lower frame on the left and right sides of the endless belt 17 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, respectively. The housing 40 is connected to each of the housings 40. In other words, the housing 40 has a side on which the tip of the piston rod 39a of the hydraulic cylinder 39 is screw-connected via a flange 60, and the piston of the hydraulic cylinder moves forward or backward. Then, in conjunction therewith, the housing 40 and the bearing 55 move (displace) back and forth along the guide groove 56a of the mounting portion 56, and tilt the axis of the rotating roller 6 with respect to the axis of the rotating roller 11. For example, the rotating roller 6 The rotary shaft 6a is eccentric as shown in FIG. 2 (a).

Next, the control device E 'is controlled by the control unit 45 shown in FIG.
And a encoder 46 for detecting the amount of operation of the cylinder 39 in the correction mechanism, and a preset counter 47, the functions of which will be described later in the operation description.

Next, the correcting device provided for the endless belt 15 is such that the detecting means is provided for the endless belt 15 at the position indicated by the symbol D 'in FIG. Except for this, the correction device is the same as the correction device provided for the endless belt 17, and a duplicate description thereof will be omitted. The correction device provided for each of the endless belts 16 and 18 will be described later.

Next, the pressure molding of the molding material by the pressure molding machine 1 will be described. When each motor 14 is operated, each of the endless belts 15 to 18 moves in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3, respectively. When the motor 37 is operated, each of the lower pressure rollers 32 also rotates. In the above state, the powdery or granular inorganic molding material 33 composed of a mixture of glass cullet, alumina, bentonite, an inorganic colorant, a binder, water, and the like charged into the hopper 34 is supplied onto the lower belt 17. Then, it is transported along the expected trajectory X as the belt moves. In the transfer process, the molding material reaches between the upper and lower belts 15 and 17, and is pressed into a plate while being gradually pressed between them. In this case, sufficient pressure is applied by the pressure roller groups 31 and 32. After forming, the pressure-formed plate sent out by the belt is further cut to a desired length by a cutter 36 on a roller conveyor 35 continuously arranged in a forming machine (a), and then the roller hearth is conveyed by the conveyor. It is sent to a kiln or other firing furnace and fired. Finally, the front side is finished by a sander to make an inorganic decorative board.

Next, the endless belt 17 while the pressure molding machine 1 is in operation.
Will be described with reference to an example in which the endless belt 17 starts to shift to the left (in the present specification, left and right mean left and right in the direction of transport of the molding material).
In the case where the left and right sides of the members disposed on the left and right of the endless belt 17 are distinguished from each other, the description will be made with reference numerals appended with “L” and “R”, respectively.

When the above-described displacement occurs, the detection rods 52 of the left and right detection elements move leftward following the detection rods 52. Then, the metal body 44 which is the detection sensor in the right detection element
a′R approaches the detection switch 44aR, and the detection switch 44aR
Outputs an ON signal as a detection signal.

The detection signal is given to the control device E '. Then, the control device E 'gives a correction command to the correction mechanism E ", that is, a command to displace the rotating shaft 6a of the rotary roller 6.
The control unit 45 constantly determines the ON-OFF state of the detection switch 44aR, and when the ON signal is input as described above, sends a reset signal to the preset counter 47R for the right side to reset the counter. Also, the right detection switch 44aR
A correction command is issued from the control unit 45 to the hydraulic cylinders 39 of the right and left correction mechanisms in response to the ON signal from. The command is a command for the reverse operation for the right cylinder 39R, and a command for fixing the current state without performing the operation for the left cylinder 39L.

By the above command, the right hydraulic cylinder 39R contracts and the right bearing 55 of the rotating roller connected to the cylinder 39R.
Moves backward. Also, the left bearing is locked in that position. As a result, the rotating shaft 6a is displaced as shown by reference numeral (a) in FIG. The retreat is performed by a preset distance, and the degree of the displacement is set to a preset magnitude. That is, the distance of the backward movement is detected by the encoder 46R of the right cylinder, and the encoder sends a number of pulses corresponding to the distance to the preset counter 47R. The counter 47R counts a set value (for example, the above distance is 5 mm and the corresponding 50 pulses), and then sends a count end signal to the control unit 45. When this count end signal is sent to the control unit 45, the control unit 45 gives a command to stop the operation to the right cylinder 39R, and the cylinder 39R is locked at that position.
After the above-described movement is completed, the control unit 45 waits for a predetermined time, for example, 5 minutes in a state where the movement is completed. During the standby, the endless belt 17 gradually returns to the right due to the displacement of the rotation shaft 6a.

When the standby (repair of the displacement of the steel belt) time is over, the control unit 45 determines the ON-OFF signal transmitted from the detection switch 44aR. In this case, when the restoration of the displacement has been completed, the detection signal from the right detection switch 44aR is lost, that is, the signal is OFF. Therefore, in the control unit 45, this OFF
The signal is determined, and it is determined that the displacement has been repaired. When the restoration of the displacement is completed (the detection switch is turned off), the control unit 45 issues a return command to the correction mechanism. The lock (position lock) of the left and right hydraulic cylinders 39 is released by the return command, the left and right hydraulic cylinders 39 are extended together, the bearings connected to the pistons of the cylinders move forward by this, and the endless belt 17 The work of correcting the displacement is completed when the tension is applied.

It should be noted that the degree of the displacement of the rotating shaft is determined by a slight displacement of the endless belt 17 during normal operation (for example, when the width of the endless belt 17 is
In the case of about 1200 mm, but a few mm), the width and length of the endless belt 17 (for example, 72 m in total length) so that the restoration of the above deviation is completed only by the above operation.
Alternatively, it is determined according to the diameter (for example, 1.5 m) of the rotating roller 6. In addition, in the case of the above-described deviation, the standby time is set so that the restoration is completed within the time, and the above-described dimensions and the traveling speed of the endless belt 17 (for example, 20 to 50 per minute).
cm).

On the other hand, if the displacement of the endless belt 17 has not been repaired at the end of the standby time, the detection switch 44aR still outputs a detection signal, that is, an ON signal. For this reason, the control device E 'receives the detection signal and gives the same correction command again to the correction mechanism E ".
Therefore, the correcting mechanism E ″ performs the operation of displacing the rotating shaft 6a again. As a result, the displacement of the rotating shaft 6a is accumulated, and the force for returning the endless belt 17 to the normal position is increased.
In this state, if the same standby time as described above elapses again, the presence / absence of a shift is not determined again. If the shift has been repaired, a return command is issued and the repair work is completed. The output is repeated. The repetition as described above is set to be performed, for example, three times consecutively.
These three times are calculated and set from the actual driving situation. If the correction is incomplete even by such an operation, an emergency stop command is issued from the control unit 45, and the operation of the pressure molding machine 1 is stopped. If the position of the endless belt 17 is sharp and large, the detection unit 44
Since c 'approaches the detection switch 44c, the switch 44c emits a detection signal, and the signal is given to the control unit, and the control unit performs an emergency stop of the operation of the pressure molding machine 1.

Note that the detection and repair operations when the endless belt 17 is displaced to the right are equivalent to the above description, except that the left and right are reversed. The operation of the correction device provided for the endless belt 15 is the same as that of the endless belt 17, and thus the description thereof will not be repeated.

Next, a correcting device provided for the endless belt 18 will be described with reference to FIG. This device has the following differences from the endless belt 17 correcting device. The detection means in the device includes a detection switch 44a for detecting the displacement of the detection rod 52 toward the belt, and a detection switch 44c for detecting an excessive displacement of the detection rod 52 to the side opposite to the belt. , And further provided with another detection switch 44b. The detection switch 44b is for detecting the displacement of the detection rod 52 to the side opposite to the belt side. The degree of the displacement at which the detection is performed is substantially the same as the displacement toward the belt side. The detection rod 52 is provided with a metal body as a detection unit as described above for each detection switch.
In FIG. 10, they are collectively represented by one metal body 44 '.

The detection means as described above is provided at the position indicated by the symbol D "in Fig. 3. In this position, the outer belt 17 and the inner belt 18 are overlapped with each other. Therefore, the control device of the correction device is provided with the following determination unit in front of the control unit 45 (between the control unit and the detection switch). The lateral displacement of the inner belt 18 is reliably determined so that the correction mechanism can be accurately controlled.

The discriminating unit receives ON / OFF signals of the detection switch in the detection means for the outer belt 17 and ON / OFF signals of the detection switches in the detection means for the inner belt 18, and performs control according to the state. O as shown in the following Table 1
It is configured to give N and OFF signals.

In the above, (1) to (6) are in the states shown in the following Table 2, respectively.

Since the correction device provided for the endless belt 16 has the same configuration as the correction device provided for the endless belt 18, the duplicate description will be omitted. The detecting means is provided at a position indicated by reference symbol D in FIG.

Next, different embodiments will be described. As the means for detecting the lateral displacement of the belt as described above, optical, mechanical or any other known means can be used. The detection signal to be output may be an analog signal indicating the amount of the lateral shift in addition to the digital signal indicating the presence or absence of the lateral shift as described above. The detection may be performed continuously in time, or may be performed intermittently at predetermined time intervals.
The correcting means may receive an analog detection signal and perform an operation of tilting the axis of the rotating roller when the detection signal reaches a predetermined value. The cumulative tilt operation of the axis of the rotating roller is performed stepwise each time the determination of the presence or absence of the detection signal is performed as described above, or the tilt angle may be gradually and continuously increased.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, when molding a molding material, the upper and lower endless belts 15 and 17 can be run so that the molding material can be successively pressurized between the two. Of course, the endless belt has the effect of being able to perform well, and the endless belt is repaired when its lateral displacement is detected. This makes it possible to make repairs little by little, and has the effect of maintaining a stable running state for a long period of time. This is useful in maintaining the above-mentioned efficient molding operation.

Moreover, when the above-described lateral displacement is repaired, the axis of the rotating roller 6 is cumulatively inclined, so that the lateral displacement can be repaired little by little, and meandering of the endless belt due to excessive repair is prevented in advance. There is an effect that the proper repairs can be made.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a front view of a molding machine with a part omitted, FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway front view of a bearing portion of a non-drive type rotating roller, FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway front view of a state where a hydraulic cylinder and a bearing portion are connected, and FIG. Partially broken front view of a bearing portion of a driving type rotary roller, FIG.
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the endless belt correcting device, FIG. 8 is a front view of the detecting means, FIG. 9 is a plan view of FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining the detecting means for the inner endless belt. FIG. A: Machine frame, B, C: Endless belt mechanism, D: Detection means, 6, 11: Rotating roller.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] An endless belt mechanism (B, C) is provided below and above an expected transfer path (X) of a molding material (33), and endless driving rollers (8, 6) are provided at one end. Endless belts (15, 17) are installed between both rollers with driving type rotating rollers (13, 11) at the ends, and the non-driving type is arranged inside the outer endless belts (15, 17). The inner endless belts (16, 18) are installed between the rotating rollers (9, 7) and the driving type rotating rollers (12, 10) so as to be in contact with and overlap with the outer endless belts (15, 17). In the pressure molding machine having the double structure, the endless belt mechanisms (B, C) detect the lateral displacement of the endless belt by the detection switches (44aL) (44aR) and output a detection signal. The detection means (D ', D) and the axis of one of the rotating rollers (8, 6) with respect to the axis of the other rotating roller (13, 11) when the above detection signal is present. A correcting device comprising correcting means (E) for cumulatively inclining and, if not present, releasing the inclining, is provided on the outer belt portion and the double-structured belt portion, and further the correction of the double-structured belt portion The device includes an ON / OFF signal of a detection switch (44aL, 44aR) in the detection means for the outer belt and a detection switch (44aL, 4a) in the detection means for the inner belt.
4bL) In response to ON / OFF signals of (44aR, 44bR), it is determined that the state is any of the conditions (1) to (6) in the following table, A pressure molding machine wherein the lateral displacement of the inner endless belt is corrected based on a result of the determination.