JP2706246B2 - Ophthalmic equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a fixation target optical system and a measurement
The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus that can be adjusted by an optical system. (Prior art) Conventionally, the place where the refractive power of the eye to be examined is objectively and automatically measured.
A so-called auto-refractometer is known. In recent years, both eyes have been used in this auto-refractometer.
At the same time, the refractive power can be measured, and only the refractive power for distance
Equipment that can measure not only near refractive power but also near power
I have. Therefore, to measure the refractive power of both eyes simultaneously, a pair of
Provided measuring optics, provided for each measuring optics
The fixation target is moved from the far point to the near point, and the position of the fixation target is
It has been considered to measure the refractive power at the position. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in this conventional device, fixation is always performed.
Since the projection optical axis of the target system is parallel,
There is no problem when measuring at the far point, but the fixation target system
When the eye is placed at a near point, measurement is performed without the eye being congested
Is performed, it is not possible to measure near refractive power with high accuracy
There was a problem. Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of the prior art.
To measure near refractive power.
If the eye to be inspected is
Auto refraction for simultaneous measurement of both eyes
The purpose is to provide ophthalmic devices such as meters.
is there. (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve this object, the present invention relates to a method in which the subject's eye is
Ophthalmic equipment that can be lit or binocular refractive power measured simultaneously
Two fixation targets provided for the left and right eyes to be examined, respectively.
Depends on the amount of movement in the near point direction with respect to the subject's eye.
So that the optical axis of each fixation target optical system can be tilted.
The obtained ophthalmologic apparatus is characterized in that: (Embodiment) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
You. FIG. 1 shows an example of an ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention,
This is an optical system when applied to a cactometer. And this
The optical system shown in FIGS. 15 and 16
It is provided in the meter 300. In FIGS. 15 and 16, the auto-refractor
The base 300 includes a base or lower frame 301 and the lower frame 301
In the front-rear direction (Z direction) and left / right direction (X direction)
The upper gantry 302 movably mounted and the view on the upper gantry 302
Movement adjustment in the vertical direction (Y direction) to the part on the front side from the center
It has a housing 303 mounted as possible. And the top
The gantry 302 can be moved directly by the examiner back and forth and left and right by hand.
This causes a coarse movement. Also, the housing 303 is
Move the joystick lever 304 attached to the center of the rear
By tilting left and right, you can finely move back and forth and left and right
Also, rotate the joystick lever 304 around the axis
It is finely moved up and down by operating. This configuration
Since a well-known structure is adopted, the description is omitted.
302a is data provided on the rear side of the upper base 302.
It is a keyboard for input. Operate this keyboard 302a
By doing so, the distance between the pupils of the subject's eye is shown in FIG.
The subject's eye E _R (Right eye), eye E _L Distance between (left eye)
The separation can be input to the CPU of the control circuit built in the housing 303.
Swelling. In addition, keyboard 302a
If an input / output device is provided, patient names and
Lute information can be exchanged. A monitor TV 38 is mounted in the center of the housing 303.
A right eye measuring unit 303a is provided at the left front part of the housing 303 in the drawing,
On the right front of the housing 303 is an optical system housing that is a left eye measurement unit.
A body 305 is provided. The optical system housing 305 has an upper part as shown in FIG.
It is arranged on a table 306 in the gantry 302. This table
Bull 306 is fixed table 307 and fixed table 307 in front
The first movable table movably mounted in the rear direction (Z direction)
Bull 308 and the first movable table 308 in the left-right direction (X direction
With a second movable table 309 movably mounted
I do. The first movable table 308 is a fixed table 307.
With the pulse motor 254 mounted on the
The second movable table 309 is provided so as to be capable of moving
Left and right direction by pulse motor 212 mounted on moving table 308
It is provided so as to be finely adjustable in the (X direction). Also,
Optical housing 305 on the second movable table 309
The optical system housing 305 is movably mounted.
2 Up and down by pulse motor 234 attached to movable table 309
It is provided to be finely adjustable in the direction (Y direction). In addition, in order to simplify the configuration, driving in the Z direction is performed.
The pulse motor 254 may be omitted. this
In this case, the first movable table 308 is manually moved in the Z direction.
It is OK to aim the optical system by moving
No. In addition, the working distance or measurement can be determined based on the deviation of the signal in the Z direction.
The fixed result may be corrected. It corrects both eyes separately
You may do. This makes alignment easy
Become. The right eye measurement unit 303a described above includes the right eye measurement shown in FIG.
The optical system housing housing the optical system 310 and the left eye measurement unit
The left eye measurement optical system 311 shown in FIG.
Have been. This right eye measurement optical system 310 is a left eye measurement optical system 311.
Since the configuration is almost the same except for omitting a part of
The left eye measurement optical system 311 will be described. (Left eye measuring optical system and its control system) The left eye measuring optical system 311 is, as shown in FIG.
The position detection system 50 projects the measurement target onto the fundus of the subject's eye
Target projection optical system 51, deviation of the measurement target image
Two-dimensional detector 52 for detecting the amount of blood
Target receiving optics that projects the cut image onto the two-dimensional detector 52
The system 53, the fixation target system 54 for fixing the collimation axis of the subject's eye, and the subject
Eye E _L Aiming optics to show the positional relationship between the (left eye) and this device
It is composed of system 55. The eye position detection system 50 includes a light emitting element 10 as shown in FIG.
2, the projection lens 104, the first half mirror 106, and the second
Mirror 108 on the reflection optical axis of the second half mirror 108.
Place. Further, on the reflection optical axis of the first half mirror 106,
The imaging lens 109, chopper 110, and two-dimensional light receiving element 112
Deploy. In addition, one side of the chopper 110
Light emitting element 113 for signal and light receiving for reference signal on the other side
An element 114 is arranged. Light emitting element 102 and light receiving element 112
Is the eye E _L Between the corneal vertex of the (left eye) and the corneal curvature center
Point C (focal position when cornea is convex) and projection lens
It is conjugate with respect to 104 and the imaging lens 109. That is,
Optometry E _L When the (left eye) is in the proper position,
The reflected light beam becomes a parallel light beam and is received by the imaging lens 109.
An image of the light emitting element 102 is formed on the element 112. chopper
110 has a plurality of fan-shaped slits 115 as shown in FIG.
Rotating around the disk center 116
Exercise. Optical axis 118 passes through approximately the center of sector slit 115
You. The stop 119 keeps the amount of light incident on the light receiving element 112 constant.
And double the opening of the fan-shaped slit 115
Is a diaphragm having Luminous flux 120 in fan-shaped slit 115
Is a substantially circumscribed circle of the opening of the stop 119. The detection principle of the eye position detection system 50 in the above configuration,
It is as follows. Image point (122) by image forming lens 109
Is behind the light receiving element 112 (on the side opposite to the imaging lens 109).
Fig. 3
As shown in A, B and C, the fan-shaped slit 115 gradually becomes an imaging lens
When the light passes through the light beam of
4. Light beams as shown in FIGS. Fig. 4
X indicates the passing position of the optical axis, and 0 indicates the cross section of the incident light beam.
Indicates the position of the center of gravity. The detection signal of the light receiving element 112 at this time is
This is as shown by the solid line in FIG. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis
Indicates the position of the chopper, and the vertical axis indicates the coordinates in the Y direction.
You. Further, the image forming point (122) by the image forming lens 109 is a light receiving element.
If it is in front of 112 (on the side of the imaging lens 109),
When the hopper 110 rotates, as shown in FIGS.
You. 6 and 7 correspond to FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively.
You. The detection signal of the light receiving element 112 at this time is indicated by a dotted line in FIG.
As shown in FIG. Furthermore, the image forming point by the image forming lens 109 is
If it is above 12, the detection signal of the light receiving element 112 is the fifth signal.
It becomes a straight line parallel to the horizontal axis as shown by the one-dot chain line in the figure. That is, an image is formed by the detection signal of the light receiving element 112.
In other words, where the point is in the front-back direction of the light receiving element
If the corneal vertex of the subject's eye is
Which direction and how much it is
You. At the same time, the coordinates of the average incident position on the light receiving
By detecting, the corneal vertex position of the eye to be examined
Which direction in the vertical and horizontal directions relative to the position
It is possible to detect whether there is any deviation. This implementation
In the example, the subject's eye E _L When the left eye is in the proper position,
Child 112 is conjugated to the corneal vertex or corneal curvature center of the eye to be examined
May be arranged at various positions. As shown in FIG. 1, the target projection optical system 51
A pair of infrared light sources 1a, 1b,
Condensing lenses 2a, 2 for condensing light from light sources 1a, 1b, respectively
b, collimator lens 3 for producing preceding light, circular aperture stop 4
Target 5, imaging lens 6, projection imaging
Lens 7, half mirror 8 for infrared light and long wavelength
Reflects the infrared light of the visible part and separates the visible part from the infrared light
Dichroic mirror 9 having transmission characteristics, rotor
It is composed of Lie Prism RP. This rotary pre
RP is driven by a prism drive such as a motor (not shown).
The drive unit is provided so as to be able to rotate and operate.
The drive is controlled by the CPU in the body 303.
The pair of infrared light sources 1a and 1b are alternately turned on at a high speed,
The light sources 1a and 1b are integrally rotatable about the light source.
Noh is configured. In the above configuration, a pair of infrared light sources 1a and 1b
Light is collected by the condenser lenses 2a and 2b, respectively.
And collimated by a collimator lens 3 to form a circular aperture.
The light enters the stop 4 obliquely. Light passing through the circular aperture stop 4
Is the point P by the imaging lens 6. ₁ After imaging at the position
Imaging lens 7, half mirror 8, dichroic mirror
-E and eye E via rotary prism RP _L (left
Eye). Here, the images of the infrared light sources 1a and 1b are
_L An image is formed at the pupil position of the (left eye) and the measurement target 5
The image of the circular aperture stop 4 is the fundus P of the subject's eye. _Two Image. So
Then, the measurement target 5 and the eye E _L (Left eye) fundus P _Two When
Are in a conjugate positional relationship, the infrared light source 1a
Image of the circular aperture stop 4 illuminated by light and infrared light
The image of the circular aperture stop 4 illuminated by light from the source 1b and
But fundus P _Two At the same position. On the other hand, measurement targets
5 and eye E _L (Left eye) fundus P _Two Is conjugated to
When not in, illuminate with light from the infrared light source
4 images of the circular aperture stop _Two In two separate locations
Each forms an image. As shown in FIG.
Icroic mirror 9, half mirror 8, light receiving objective
Eye 10, mirror 11, receiving objective lens 10
A corneal reflected light blocking aperture 12 arranged at a position conjugate to the film and
It is constituted by a relay lens 13. Above corneal reflection light shielding
As shown in FIG. 8, the stop 12 is a substantially circular hole.
Protruding light-shielding parts 12a and 12b at two locations that are relevant to the optical axis passing position
Is a diaphragm plate having: In addition, the corneal reflected light blocking aperture
12 is when the infrared light sources 1a and 1b rotate around the optical axis.
It is configured to rotate in conjunction with the rotational movement of.
Further, the corneal reflected light blocking aperture 12 is provided with a relay lens 13.
Is positioned at the front focal point of the
The shadow optical system is similar to the telecentric optical system. In the above configuration, the eye fundus P to be examined _Two Measurement target
The image is a rotary prism RP, dichroic mirror
9, half mirror, light receiving objective lens 10, mirror 11,
The light is projected on the two-dimensional detector 52 by the ray lens 13.
At this time, the harmful reflected light from the cornea of the eye is blocked
The protrusion 12 is removed by the protruding light shielding portions 12a and 12b. Also,
The corneal reflected light blocking aperture 12 and the relay lens 13 are telecentric.
Since the optical system is similar to the scientific system, the measurement optical system
The measurement target image formed on 14 is the main light parallel to the optical axis.
It is composed of luminous flux consisting of lines,
The center position of the circular hole image, which is the measurement target image, is displaced
Not having the property. The two-dimensional detector 52 is a circular aperture stop at the fundus of the eye to be examined.
4 images match by alternate lighting of infrared light sources 1a and 1b
Discriminating whether to separate, and when separating
Measure the separation distance. From this measured value to a known arithmetic circuit
Eye in the meridian direction where the infrared light sources 1a and 1b are aligned
Calculate the refractive power. The fixation target system 54 includes, as shown in FIG.
Focusing lens 32, fixation target 3 movable in light source direction
3, mirror 34, projection lens 35, reflect visible light and infrared light
It is composed of a dichroic mirror 36 that transmits light. In the above configuration, the light from the visible light source 31
The fixation target 33 is illuminated via the lens 32. Fixation
The light from the target 33 is reflected by the mirror 34, the projection lens 35,
Via the croic mirror 36, the above half mirror
9. Eye E passing through the rotary prism RP _L (left eye)
Projected to The subject should gaze at the fixation target 33.
To fix the collimation direction. The aiming optical system 55 is a rotary prism RP, dichroic
Mirror 9, dichroic mirror 36, projection lens 3
6 ', half mirror 37 and imaging tube 38 are arranged on the same optical axis
In addition, the light source 40 and the condenser
Lens 41, collimating plate 42, mirror 44 and projection lens 45
It is composed. The image pickup tube 38 is connected to a monitor television 39.
ing. The collimating plate 42 has a circle in the center, as shown in FIG.
It has a collimating scale with a radiation aperture around it. In the aiming optical system configured as described above, the imaging tube
38, the eye E to be examined by the projection lens 36 ' _L (Left eye) anterior eye
The partial image and the image of the collimation scale 43 are superimposed by the projection lens 45.
Projected. The examiner watches the monitor TV 39 and examines the subject's eye.
The center of the pupil image of
The optical axis of the optometry matches the optical axis of the target light receiving optical system 52
Move the device up, down, left and right with respect to the eye to be examined.
You. In the above configuration and operation, at least three meridians
The refractive power of the eye to be examined in the direction is measured.
The refraction, astigmatism, and astigmatism direction are obtained. Next, the two-dimensional light receiving element 112 of the eye detection system 50
Signal to move the auto-refractometer body.
The relative position between the subject's eye and the auto-refractometer
The electrical circuit that makes the
I will tell. As shown in FIG. 11, the light receiving element 112
Is incident, the distance x related to the coordinates of the incident position ₁ , x _Two ,
y ₁ , y _Two Voltage X corresponding to ₁ , X _Two , Y ₁ , Y _Two Is output. Luminous flux 100
Is incident on the center of the light receiving element 112, X ₁ = X _Two , Y ₁ = Y _Two When
Become. In this embodiment, the rotation of the chopper 110
Therefore, the light beam is scanned in the Y direction. First, the shift in the X direction, that is, the horizontal direction is detected and adjusted.
The circuit to be adjusted will be described. X of light receiving element 112 ₁ Output end
Child, X _Two Output terminals are input to amplifier circuits 200 and 201, respectively.
The amplifier circuits 200 and 201 respectively (X ₁ −X _Two ) Calculate
Subtraction circuit 202 and (X ₁ + X _Two ) To the adder circuit 204 that calculates
Is tied. The subtraction circuit 202 and the addition circuit 204 ₁ −
X _Two ) / (X ₁ + X _Two Connected to the division circuit 206 that calculates
I have. The division circuit 206 calculates (X ₁ −X _Two ) / (X ₁ + X _Two ) Positive or negative
Through the direction discriminating circuit 208 and the driver 210
Data 212. In the above circuit,
The scanning by the upper 110 is performed in the Y direction.
Regardless of the amount of displacement of the subject's eye,
Signal X indicating average position ₁ , X _Two Is the amount of light incident on the light receiving element 112
Is output at a constant level as long as does not change. Light receiving element
112 output signals X ₁ , X _Two Are controlled by the amplifier circuits 200 and 201, respectively.
And amplified by the subtraction circuit 202 and the addition circuit 204, respectively.
Operation (X ₁ −X _Two ) And (X ₁ + X _Two ) Is made. Arithmetic circuit
The output of the adder circuit 202 and the output of the adder circuit 204 are (X
₁ −X _Two ) / (X ₁ + X _Two ) Is calculated.
Corresponds to the incident coordinate position even if the incident light amount to the element 112 fluctuates
Voltage signal of a fixed level
That's because. (X ₁ −X _Two ) / (X ₁ + X _Two ) = X value absolute value
Indicates the amount of displacement of the subject's eye in the X direction. Output of division circuit 206
Is input to the direction discrimination circuit 208, and the sign of X is
Is determined. The sign of X indicates the direction of displacement in the X direction.
By the above-mentioned discrimination of the positive and negative X, the driver 210
12 is driven to adjust the displacement in the X direction. Next, the deviation in the Y direction, that is, the vertical direction is detected and adjusted.
Will be described. Scanning by chopper 110
Is performed in the Y direction, so that the output of the light receiving element 112 is
Voltage signal Y to be applied ₁ , Y _Two Is a modulation signal corresponding to the scanning and
Become. Here, the voltage signal Y ₁ , Y _Two Is the above-mentioned eye position detection
As described in the explanation of the principle of the system 50, the Z direction,
Also includes information on the position of the lacometer in the front-rear direction (optical axis direction).
The signal Y ₁ (Z ₁ ), Y _Two (Z _Two )
And Y of light receiving element 112 ₁ (Z ₁ ), Y _Two (Z _Two ) Output terminal
Are supplied to the subtraction circuit 222 and the addition circuit via the amplification circuits 220 and 221, respectively.
It is connected to the arithmetic circuit 224. The subtraction circuit 222 is a low-pass fill
Is connected to a divider circuit 228 via a
Circuit 224 is directly connected to division circuit 228. Division circuit 228
Is a direction discriminating circuit 230, which is similar to the circuit in the X direction.
The motor 234 is connected via a driver 232. More times
Road operation is subtracted by the low-pass filter circuit 226.
From the output signal from circuit 222, its modulated component, signal Z ₁ ,
Z _Two Except that a constant level voltage signal
In this case, the operation of the circuit in the X direction is the same, ₁ −Y _Two )
/ (Y ₁ + Y _Two ), The driver 232
The shift in the Y direction is adjusted by driving the data 234. Next, an electric circuit for detecting and adjusting the displacement in the Z direction will be described.
Will be described. Subtraction times in the circuit related to the Y direction
The path 222 and the addition circuit 224 are directly connected to the division circuit 242.
You. The division circuit 242 includes the band-pass filter circuit 244,
Rectifier circuit 246, low-pass filter circuit 248, direction discrimination
Connected to motor 254 via circuit 250 and driver 252
I have. Further, the reference signal detection element 114 passes through the amplification circuit 260.
Connected to the synchronous rectifier circuit 246. In the above circuit
The division circuit 242 outputs the signal Y1 ₁ (Z _Two ) -Y _Two (Z _Two ) / Y
₁ (Z ₁ ) + Y _Two (Z _Two ) Is calculated and the bandpass fill is performed.
Input to the circuit 244. Bandpass filter circuit 2
The output from 44 has an amplitude proportional to the amount of deviation in the Z direction
Output a modulated wave. This modulated wave is shown in FIGS.
As described above, the signals have different phases depending on the direction of the shift.
On the other hand, the output of the reference signal detecting element 114 is
And the square wave reference shown in FIG. 12C.
The signal is input to the synchronous rectifier circuit 246. This synchronous rectification circuit
The path 246 is the reference signal and
Synchronous rectification with the output from the
Outputs the signal shown in FIG. 11D or E. Synchronous rectification
The output from circuit 246 is applied to low-pass filter circuit 248.
12 is converted to a signal of FIG.
Entered in 250. Of the signal input to the direction discriminating circuit 250
The driver discriminates positive and negative, and uses this as a signal in the direction of deviation.
To the motor 254. In the above embodiment, the output signal of the eye position detection system 50 is
Input to drive the position adjustment motor of the ophthalmic
Display the amount and direction of the ophthalmic device shift
And the examiner can manually or motorize
The position may be adjusted. The circuit processing described above is the one in which the light emitting element 102 is DC-lit.
However, if the AC lights (for the purpose of S / N improvement),
If added, a signal can be obtained in the same manner. In addition, the amount and direction of the displacement only in the Z direction are detected.
In this case, instead of the two-dimensional element in the above embodiment,
One-dimensional element arranged in the scanning direction of the chopper
do it. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the position of the eye to be inspected is detected.
System chopper 110 was placed on the light-receiving side.
Between the light emitting element 102 on the side and the projection lens 104
Is also possible. (Right-eye measurement optical system 310) The right-eye measurement optical system 310 includes the above-described chopper 110 and light emitting element.
Element 113, light receiving element 114, aperture 119 and control shown in FIG.
Except for the circuit, the configuration is exactly the same as the left eye measurement optics 311
Therefore, the description is omitted. The right-eye measurement optical system 310 is the same as the left-eye measurement optical system 311.
Input the output signal of the eye position detection system 50 to the driver
To drive the position adjustment motor of the ophthalmic device,
The amount of displacement and the direction of the displacement of the ophthalmic apparatus are displayed on a display,
The display allows the examiner to manually or electrically adjust the position
It may be configured to do so. In FIG. 1, the rotary of the right-eye measuring optical system 300 is shown.
-Optical axis passing through prism RP is 0 ₁ Of the left eye measurement optical system 311
0 optical axis passing through the tally prism RP _Two Then, the subject's eye pupil
Distance between holes, eye E _R (Right eye), eye E _L (left eye)
Pupil distance to CPU in housing 303 by keyboard 302a
By inputting, the motor 212 is driven and controlled by the CPU.
The second movable table 309 is controlled to move left and right.
Optical axis of 0 ₁ , 0 _Two Is set to the distance between the pupils of the subject's eye.
You. In addition, this CPU ₁ , 0 _Two Is set, the eye to be examined
Pupil distance and eye E _R , E _L Angle of convergence α (see Fig. 14) and
Where the image of the fixation target (fixation target) is formed
Is calculated. In addition, the CPU requires the examiner to use the keyboard 3
The image of the fixation target (fixation target) is formed by 02a
By selecting either the far point or the near point.
To drive a prism driving device (not shown) such as a motor.
The image of the fixation target (fixation target) is formed
The convergence angle α corresponding to the position is set. Further
Where the image of the fixation target (fixation target) is formed
Can be set arbitrarily by operating the keyboard 302a.
And the convergence angle α can be changed correspondingly. For example, as shown in FIG.
Reverse the optics even if it is much larger than a normal person
It is also possible to calculate and measure
Measurement automatically switches off when the convergence angle α exceeds a certain value.
You should change it. The left and right eyes E _L , E _R The interpupillary distance PD
For example, a test of convergence / divergence can be performed. That is, in FIG.
Is the eye E _L , E _R Optical axis of 0 ₁ , 0 _Two Are parallel as shown in Fig. 14 (c)
A more outward setting is also possible, and movement to the near point side is also suitable.
By measuring the interpupillary distance PD,
Measurement of divergence is also possible. Furthermore, the illumination light for observing the eye position to be inspected is performed with near-infrared light, and the
Observe on the monitor and cut one eye visible on optical axis 0
The filter can be inserted, and the position of the eye
Depending on whether it is shifted or not, an oblique inspection can be performed. Also,
By moving the light spot at the time, the amount of oblique can be measured. Next, the state of use of the eye refractive power test apparatus having such a configuration will be described.
explain. First, the distance between the pupils of the test subject, that is, the subject's eye E _R (right
Eye), eye E _L (Left eye) distance between pupils with PD meter etc.
Measure and store the eye-pupil distance data of the subject's eye on the keyboard 30
By inputting to the CPU in the housing 303 by 2a, the motor
The drive 212 is controlled so that the right-eye measurement optical system 300 and the left-eye measurement light
Optical axis 0 of 311 ₁ , 0 _Two Is set to the distance between the pupils of the subject's eye.
It is. On the other hand, this CPU ₁ , 0 _Two Is set, the eye to be examined
Pupil distance and eye E _R , E _L Angle of convergence α (see Fig. 14) and
Where the image of the fixation target (fixation target) is formed
Is calculated. Then, the CPU sets the examiner's fixation target (fixation target).
The position where the image of
If you select near point or other position, prism such as motor
Drive control of a driving device (not shown) to fixate the target
The convergence angle α corresponding to the position where the image of the (fixation target) is formed
Set to. Such eye pupil distance, eye E _R , E _L Convergence angle α
(See Fig. 14) and the image of the fixation target (fixation target)
Data such as the position to be formed is displayed on the monitor TV 39
Is done. In this state, it is necessary to move the upper
With this, the housing 303 is roughly moved integrally with the upper mount 302.
You. With this operation, the right eye measurement unit 303a of the housing 303 is inspected.
Eye E _R Approximate positioning for (right eye). this
Later, the joystick lever 304 attached to the upper base 302
To rotate the camera back and forth and left and right and rotate it.
The upper frame 302 and the housing 303
The right eye measurement optical system provided in the right eye measurement unit 303a
310 to examine eye E _R (Right eye)
You. Where optical axis 0 ₁ , 0 _Two The distance between the pupils of the eye to be examined and
Since it is set according to the position of the fixation target, the optical axis 0 ₁ To
Examinee E _R Align with the optical axis of (right eye) and examine eye E _R (right
The right eye measurement optical system 311 is
Optometry E _L (Left eye)
And In addition, the left eye measurement optical system 311 is _L (Left eye) corner
After alignment with the top of the membrane, _L (left
The eye moves slightly, and the optical axis 0 of the left eye measurement optical system 311 _Two Is the eye E
_L Even if it is deviated from the optical axis of the left eye,
Control circuit drives the motors 212, 234, 254 as described above
Or move the upper gantry 302 to adjust the right eye
The left eye measurement optical system 311 _L (Left eye) corneal apex
The point will always be aligned. In this manner, the examiner sets the right eye measurement optical system 310 to the eye E to be examined. _R (right
Eye alignment only with the left eye
311 also eye E _L Automatically aligned with (left eye)
Will be. Therefore, the position of the fixation target image is set to the far point or
Is set to the near point or any position, then the right eye measurement optical system
While aligning the 310 as described above,
Eye E _R , E _L The fixation target 33 of the right eye measurement optical system 310 and the left
Rotate the fixation target 33 of the eye measurement optical system 311
Examined by peeping through Zum RP, RP
Examinee's eye E _R , E _L Is fixed to the fixation target image and the right eye
It is described above when the measurement optical system 310 is aligned.
Eye E to be examined _R (Right eye), eye E _L (Left eye) refractive index, etc.
Is measured. This measurement data is also displayed on the monitor TV 39
Is done. Although not shown, such measurement data is
You can print out with a printer (not shown)
ing. In the embodiment described above, a pair of measurement optical systems
Right eye E _L (Left eye), eye E _R (Right eye) measured individually
An example was shown, but it is not necessarily limited to this
Not something. For example, as shown in Figure 17,
The aiming is performed by a pair of aiming optical systems 80, 80,
The light flux from the optical system is changed by switching the center mirror CM.
One imaging tube 38
The eye refractive power of both eyes may be sequentially measured by using this.
In this case, switching the center mirror CM
When done, let it be done automatically so that the eye refractive power of both eyes
May be automatically and sequentially performed. Also, in this optical system, instead of the center mirror CM
And a pair of reflecting mirrors M as shown in FIG. ₁ , M _Two With
In addition, both aiming optical systems 80, 80 and each reflection mirror M ₁ , M _Two Between
Jatter S ₁ , S _Two And the luminous flux of both aiming optics is
Mirror M ₁ , M _Two Go to the side each shutter S ₁ , S _Two ON
・ It is always blocked by one of
Light beam from the aiming optical system enters one measuring optical system 90
The eye refractive power of both eyes can be measured by one configuration
An optical system may be used so that the measurement can be automatically performed sequentially. In addition, the LCD shutter in Fig. 18 has been abolished,
The luminous flux from both aiming optics 80, 80 as one measurement optics
The measurement optical system 90
One CCD (not shown)
While imaging the eye, the eye refractive power of both eyes is
The measurement may be performed occasionally. In this way, the aiming optical system is divided into left and right
The working distances of the left and right eyes do not always match
However, in that case, the working distance of the other
CPU based on data such as working distance from quasi-optical system
It is good to make some correction by calculation. In the embodiment described above, the left-eye measurement optical system is
When aligned with the left eye, the right eye measurement optics
Alignment is automatically performed with the eyes.
In order to prevent the right eye measurement optical system from malfunctioning, etc.
Right eye measurement optics by alignment with left eye measurement optics
When the distance of the system to the right eye falls within a certain range,
The constant optical system operates automatically to perform auto alignment
May be set as follows. In the above condition,
The examiner simply presses the measurement button after the
When both eyes enter a certain range with respect to both measurement optical systems
Alternatively, the measurement can be automatically started. Ma
Even if the measurement button is pressed, both eyes are within the measurement range.
If not, it is possible to keep the measurement from starting.
is there. At this time, if it is not within a certain range,
A warning or the like may be displayed. (Effect of the Invention) Since the present invention is configured as described above,
When measuring the refractive power, fix the eye to be examined in a congested state.
It is possible to fix both eyes and measure both eyes simultaneously.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an optical system of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a chopper of the above embodiment, FIGS. 3 to 7 are explanatory diagrams of a detection principle of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a front view of a reflected light blocking aperture,
9 is a front view of a collimation scale, FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a control circuit of the above embodiment, FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of output signals of a two-dimensional light receiving element, FIG. 12 is a waveform diagram of the control circuit, FIGS. 13 and 14 (a), (b) and (c) are explanatory diagrams showing the relationship between the eye to be examined and the rotary prism, and FIG. 15 is an eye refractive power test having the optical system shown in FIG. Schematic perspective view of the device, No. 16
FIG. 15 is a schematic plan view of FIG. 15, and FIGS. 17 to 19 are optical systems showing another embodiment of the present invention. 33 fixation target (fixation target) 51 target projection optical system 52 two-dimensional detector 53 target light receiving optical system 54 fixation target optical system 55 aiming optical system 102 light reception Element 104 Projection lens 106 First half mirror 109 Imaging lens 110 Chopper 112 Two-dimensional light receiving element 114 Reference light receiving elements 212, 234, 254 for reference signal Pulse motor 300 Auto refractometer 301 … Lower frame 302… Upper frame 303… Housing 303 a… Right eye measurement optical unit 304… Joystick lever (manual movement adjustment device) 305… Optical system storage housing (left eye measurement optical unit) 306… Table 307 Fixed table 308 First movable table 309 Second movable table 310 Right-eye measurement optical system 311 Left-eye measurement optical system RP Rotary prism

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] In an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of binocular alignment of an eye to be inspected or an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of simultaneously measuring binocular refractive power, two fixation targets provided for each of the left and right eyes to be inspected are in a near point direction with respect to the eye to be inspected. An ophthalmologic apparatus characterized in that the optical axis of each fixation target optical system can be tilted in accordance with the amount of movement of the eye. 2. 2. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the tilt amount of the optical axis corresponds to a convergence angle of the eye. 3. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a gap between the left eye measurement unit and the right eye measurement unit is adjusted according to the amount of tilt.