JP2704645B2 - Engine starter - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an engine starter, and more particularly to an engine starter used in a four-cycle gasoline engine started by a starter motor or a recoil starter.

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 20 schematically shows a conventional starting device for a four-cycle gasoline engine of this kind. Engine body (1)
A flywheel (4) integrally formed with a cooling fan (3) is attached to a more protruding crankshaft (2). A ring gear (5) is attached to the outer periphery of the flywheel (4). A starter motor (6) having a body part substantially the same length as the width of the engine body (1) is attached to a side surface part of the engine body (1), and a drive shaft () protruding from the starter motor (6). The drive gear (8) is fixed to 7). When the starter motor (6) is driven, the shaft (7) protrudes, the drive gear (8) meshes with the front ring gear (5), and rotates the crankshaft (2) via the flywheel (4). Let it. When the engine is started, the clutch structure is such that the drive shaft (7) retracts to its original state and disengages from the ring gear (5). The power for driving the starter motor (6) is supplied from the engine body (1).
A battery having a size of about half of is separately prepared and connected to the starter motor (6) for use.

As described above, in the conventional four-stroke gasoline engine, the drive gear (8) of the starter motor (6) meshes with the ring gear (5) of the flywheel (4),
The crankshaft (2) is driven. Therefore, in this conventional apparatus, the ring gear (5) is absolutely necessary, and in the engine of the recoil starter specification in which such a ring gear (5) is not attached, the flywheel (4) must be completely replaced. However, there is a drawback that it is practically impossible.

The present invention has been made for the purpose of solving such a conventional disadvantage, and in particular, the inventors of the present invention have set the engine start rotation range to a low rotation of 350 rpm or less, Although the present invention invented a starter motor and a battery that can be extremely miniaturized, the present invention provides:
By mounting such a small motor on the recoil starter, a unit including the recoil starter and the starter motor and a unit including only the recoil starter can be exchanged and mounted.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a starter unit having a recoil starter, and a recoil starter side portion of the recoil starter case so as to substantially fit within a width of the recoil starter case in the crankshaft direction. And a starter unit integrally provided with a starter motor can be exchangeably mounted on the engine body side.

According to the present invention, since the starter unit having the recoil starter and the starter unit having the recoil starter and the starter motor can be exchangeably mounted on the engine body side, the ring gear is not provided as described above. Even the engine of the recoil starter specification can be easily changed to the starter motor specification by replacing and mounting the starter unit.
Alternatively, the opposite change can be easily made.

1 and 2 show an elevational view of the entire engine provided with a starter motor. The cylinder type center line Q is inclined with respect to the crankshaft center P in an oblique direction.
It is a cycle gasoline engine. The fuel tank (12) is located above the engine body (11) just above the center P of the crankshaft.
Is mounted, and an exhaust silencer (13) is mounted on an upper portion of the cylinder head on the side thereof. A fan case (19) is mounted on one side surface in the direction of the crankshaft center P, and a recoil starter (14) is mounted on a side surface of the fan case (19). An air cleaner (15) disposed above the crankshaft center P and on the side of the cylinder head on the same side as the recoil starter (14);
A starter motor (16) is attached to the recoil starter (14), and a battery (17) is attached below the starter motor (16). Also, on the upper side of the recoil starter (14),
The handle (18) for pulling the starting rope is protruding.

FIG. 3 shows the internal structure of the recoil starter (14) and the fan case (19). A flywheel (24) provided with a cooling fan (23) is attached to an end of a crankshaft (22) projecting from the engine body (11). A driven member (25) is fixed to a side surface of the flywheel (24) with a bolt (26) and protrudes into a dish-shaped recoil starter case (27). At the center of the ceiling of the recoil starter case (27), a starter wheel (30) around which a rope (29) is wound is rotatably fitted around a shaft (28) protruding from the ceiling. Further, the large deceleration gear (33) and the driving member (34) are rotated together with the shaft (32) fixed to the end surface of the shaft portion (28) via screws (31) so as to rotate together. It is fitted. The driving member (34) and the driven member (25) are linked to each other via a first clutch (35).
The large deceleration gear (33) and the starter wheel (30) are interlocked with each other via a second clutch (36). These first and second clutches (35)
An intermediate shaft (37) is supported at the side of (36), that is, at an obliquely upper portion of the center P of the crankshaft, and the intermediate shaft (37) has a small diameter that is always meshed with the large gear (33). The intermediate pinion (38) and another driven intermediate gear (39) are mounted so as to rotate together. Between the intermediate pinion (38) and the intermediate shaft (37), another third clutch (4
7) is provided. The starter motor (16) has a motor body (41) mounted inside a motor case (40) integrally formed with a recoil starter case (27), and a motor shaft (41) protruding from the motor body (41). 42)
A drive pinion (43) is attached to the end of the driven pinion (43), and the driven pinion (43) is supported between the motor case (40) and an extension of the recoil starter case (27).
4) meshes with the upper gear (45), and this driven shaft (44)
An upper pinion (46) meshes with the driven gear (39) on the intermediate shaft (37).

In the configuration shown in FIG. 3, when the starter motor (16) is driven, the gears (45) and (46) on the driven shaft (44) and the intermediate shaft ( 37)
The rotation is transmitted while decelerating in the order of the driven gear (39) and the pinion (38), and further transmitted from the pinion (38) on the intermediate shaft (37) to the large gear (33) while being greatly reduced. At the same time, rotation is transmitted to the crankshaft (22) side via the first clutch (35) between the driving member (34) and the driven member (25), and the engine is started. When the engine is started, the first clutch (35) is automatically disengaged, so that the drive member (3) is disengaged from the crankshaft (22) side.
4) The side is not rotated. Also, when starting by the starter motor (16), the third clutch (47) is in the connected state, but the second clutch (36) is engaged with the large gear (3).
3) Since the power is not transmitted from the side to the starter wheel (30) side, this starter wheel (30)
Does not rotate. On the other hand, if the puller (18) is pulled out to pull out the rope (29), the starter wheel (30)
The rotation is transmitted from the second clutch to the large reduction gear (30), and the crankshaft (22) side is further turned from the first clutch (35) to start. At this time, rotation is transmitted from the large gear (33) to the pinion (38) meshing therewith, and the pinion (38) and the intermediate shaft (37)
The third clutch (47) is a one-way clutch mechanism in which rotation is not transmitted to the intermediate shaft (37), and the starter motor (16) is turned when the recoil starter (14) starts. It is not turned.

A battery (17) for driving the starter motor (16) is charged into a roughly hexagonal cylindrical case (49) into a rechargeable dry battery (50) (50) (50 )
. Are inserted and mounted. As shown in FIG. 5, engagement grooves (51) and (51) are formed on both upper and lower sides thereof. An engagement projection (52) made of a leaf spring, which engages with the one groove (51), is attached to a side surface of the motor case (40), and a recoil starter case (27) is provided on the opposite side. The lever (53) is attached to the side surface of. The lever (53) is urged by a spring (not shown) so that the tip always projects inside the mounting member (54). When the battery case (49) is inserted between the projection (52) and the lever (53), they are engaged with the grooves (51) and (51) by a spring action to hold the case (49). It has become. At that time, the positive and negative terminals (55) and (55) are provided on both sides of the upper groove (51) in the battery case (49).
On the other hand, also on the motor case (40) side, correspondingly, the plasma side and the negative side terminal (56) are protruded in an exposed state, so that the battery case (49) as described above. When the terminal is mounted, these terminals come into contact with each other, and the battery (17) and the motor (16) are connected to each other. As mentioned above, batteries (50) (50)
Are rechargeable, and the lever (53) is rotated to take out the battery case (49), whereby charging can be easily performed using a commercial power supply.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the starter motor (16) has a drive shaft (42) oriented in the same direction as the crankshaft (22) so that the side of the recoil starter case (27) The width in the direction of the crankshaft (22) is substantially the same as the width of the recoil starter case (27), and is substantially contained within the width of the recoil starter case (27) in the crankshaft direction. Have been. Also, the size in the left-right direction is such that the dead space between the air cleaner (15) and the recoil starter (14) is used, and accordingly, the battery (17) is similarly placed in the recoil starter case ( It fits within the width of 14). As described above, since the starter motor (16) and the battery (17) are very small, even when they are mounted on the engine, they can be stored very compactly.

The starter motor (16) and the battery (17) are integrally mounted on a recoil starter case (27), and the recoil starter (14), the motor (16) and the battery (17) are formed as an integrated unit. At four places, as shown in FIG. 1, bolts (59), (59) are fixed to the side surface of the fan case (19). In this case, in FIG. 3, except for the driven member (25) integrated with the flywheel (24), members outside the driving member (34) are integrally formed. They are connected to each other through (35). FIG. 7 shows a conventional recoil starter engine without such a starter motor (16) and battery (17). The recoil starter case (27) has the engine shown in FIG. A recoil starter wheel (30), a large reduction gear (33), a second clutch (36), and the like, which are obtained by removing a member on the starter motor (16) side from the intermediate shaft (37), are provided. By changing to the starter motor specification shown in Fig. 1 and attaching it to the side of the fan case (19), it is easy to switch from a starter motor specification engine to a recoil starter specification engine or from a recoil starter specification engine to a starter motor specification engine. It can be changed and installed. 8 and 9 show the appearance of each unit (60) (61) of the starter motor specification and the recoil starter specification. In this case, the positions of the mounting bolts (59), (59) ... of both units (60), (61) are partially different, but this can be easily handled by providing a spare bolt hole so that any unit can be mounted. it can.

Fig. 10 shows the starter motor (16) and the motor shaft (42)
Is attached to the recoil starter case (27) in the same manner as described above so that it is in a direction perpendicular to the center P of the crankshaft. Also battery (17)
Can also be mounted sideways to match this. Although the starter motor (16) is very small in comparison with the conventional one, the shape thereof is such that the size in the direction of the motor shaft (42) is large in the diameter direction, and In FIG. 3, when mounted in the direction of the crankshaft, its tip projects the same or slightly beyond the outer surface of the recoil starter case (27). Thus, by mounting in a horizontal position in this way, it is possible to use a dead space between the air cleaner (15) and the recoil starter (14) so as to prevent the air cleaner (15) from completely projecting. As shown in FIG. 11, the driven pinion (43) of the motor shaft (42) and the driven gear (4) on the driven shaft (44) meshing therewith
5) uses bevel gears. A worm and a worm gear can be used instead of such a bevel gear mechanism.

12 and 13 show another embodiment of the present invention,
The handle (18) of the recoil starter (14) is shown housed in a recoil starter case (27). In this way, when the starter motor (16) is driven, the foil (30) on the recoil starter case (14) side can be rotated, and accordingly, the starter motor (16) and the Second between recoil starters (14)
There is an advantage that the clutch (36) is unnecessary. Pull (18)
Is folded inside the opening (63) formed on the side surface of the recoil starter case (29), and when starting operation is performed, the handle (18) is inserted into the opening (6).
3) Take out and operate as shown in Fig. 14. In these embodiments, the motor shaft (4) of the starter motor (16) is used.
2) is mounted so as to be orthogonal to the crankshaft center P in the same manner as in FIG. 10 described above.
As shown in the figure, it may be mounted in the same direction as the crankshaft center P.

Now, the starter motor (16) and the battery (17)
As described above, it is necessary to be able to start in a low rotation range of 350 rpm or less in order to reduce the size so as to fit within the width of the recoil starter (14). For this purpose, a carburetor that can obtain an appropriate air-fuel ratio in a low rotation range, a carburetor that can obtain an air-fuel ratio suitable for ignition without choke operation in a low rotation range, and the ignition rotation of the lowering device One possible approach is to reduce the speed, to retard the ignition timing to the point where the click of the ignition timing can be avoided at low revolutions (for example, near the top dead center), or to increase the secondary voltage of the ignition coil. It becomes possible by using part or all. Next, each of those means will be described.

As is well known, in order to turn the crankshaft of the engine at the time of starting, it is necessary to survive the compression step near the top dead center of the piston, which requires a very large force. In order to solve this, the exhaust valve or the intake valve is forcibly opened to release the compression. In the case of the present invention, an automatic decompression device which automatically releases the compression at the time of so-called low-speed rotation is used. Thus, the required capacity of the starter motor (16) can be reduced. An example of such an automatic decompression device is a centrifugal automatic decompression device filed by the applicant of the present invention as Japanese Patent Application No. 59-1139 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-155696). This device is a centrifugal weight that is displaced along with the rotation of a camshaft, and moves a pin in the diameter direction of the shaft, and pushes up the tappet in a direction of decompression by this pin. Because of the movement in the decompression direction, decompression at start can be obtained without any special operation.

Next, FIG. 15 shows an electric circuit of the ignition power supply device used in the present invention. In the figure, a secondary coil (66) of an ignition coil (65) and a spark plug (67) are connected in series. On the other hand, at both ends of the primary coil (68), the collector and emitter terminals of the transistor (69) are connected in parallel with the primary coil (68). Similarly, the anode and cathode terminals of the thyristor (70) are connected in parallel to both ends of the transistor (69).
Further, the anode side of the thyristor (70) is connected to the base of the transistor (69). Both terminals of the Zener diode (71) are connected in parallel to the anode / cathode terminal of the thyristor (70), and the anode side of the Zener diode (71) is also connected to the gate terminal of the thyristor (70). FIG. 16 shows a voltage waveform generated in the primary coil (68). The voltage generator used in this embodiment is of a flywheel magnet type that generates an AC voltage with the rotation of the flywheel.
When the operating voltage Vo is equal to or less than 1), the transistor (69)
Voltage is applied to the base side of the transistor (69)
A current flows between the collector and the emitter. When the generated voltage exceeds Vo, a voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the thyristor (70), so that a voltage flows between the anode and the cathode of the thyristor (70) (in the direction of the dashed arrow in the figure) and the base of the transistor (69). The voltage drops, this transistor (69)
The current flowing between the collector and the emitter is cut off. Therefore, a large secondary voltage is generated in the secondary coil (66), and the ignition plug (67) is ignited.

As shown in FIG. 16, the voltage generated in the primary coil (68) changes according to the engine speed. For example, when the engine speed is about 250 rpm, the generated voltage is equal to the Zener diode (71). Operating voltage Vo. Therefore, the current flowing through the transistor (69) is not interrupted,
A large voltage cannot be generated in the secondary coil (66). Therefore, in this embodiment, a capacitor (72) as shown in the figure is provided in parallel with the Zener diode (71), and a peak point P of a voltage due to conversion of charging and discharging of the capacitor (72) is detected by a detection circuit. By the detection, at the time of low rotation where only a voltage lower than the voltage Vo is generated,
At the peak point P of the voltage, the transistor (6
9) A signal to release conduction is generated, and the primary coil (6
8) The current is cut to enable ignition.

Next, in order to prevent reverse rotation (ketch-in) at the time of low-speed start, in this embodiment, in the flywheel magnet type ignition device, the shape of the iron core (73) around which the ignition coil (65) is wound is changed to the second shape. As shown in FIG. 17, the ignition timing at the time of low-speed rotation is retarded. That is, in FIG. 17, a lip (75) facing the magnet (74) of the flywheel (24)
A U-shaped iron core (73) having (76) is fixed, and an ignition coil (65) is wound around the iron core (73). In this embodiment, the rotation direction of the flywheel (24) is The length l ₁ of the lip (75) located on the rear side is made larger than the length l ₂ of the other lip (76), whereby the waveform of the voltage generated by the primary coil (68) is changed. By deforming as shown in FIG. 18, the retard amount at low rotation is made larger than that in FIG. Then, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, at a low rotation of about 250 rpm below the operating voltage Vo, the peak point P of the voltage is detected, thereby generating a cutoff signal. In the waveform of FIG. 18,
First peak point P ₁ 2 peaks point of the second peak point P ₂ appears. In this case, when the cut off at the first peak point P _1, not yet sufficient retard amount relative to the firing angle theta ₁ at the maximum rotation, it is necessary to take the cut-off signal at the second peak point P ₂ This makes it possible to take the low speed rotation of the retard amount [Delta] [theta] = theta ₂ to - [theta] ₁ is increased, a sufficient retard amount that does not cause a reverse rotation as described above with respect to the maximum rotation range. Such detection of the second peak point P ₂ is, for example, a determining means for peak point to determine whether the first or second peak point is a peak point, based on the determination result of the determination means , Can be easily realized by using a microcomputer having control means for generating a cutoff signal of the transistor at the second peak point. Note that the specific retardation amount Δθ with respect to the maximum rotation performed in the example was 7 degrees.

In order to improve the ignition performance at low revolutions, in this embodiment, the voltage of the secondary coil (66) for igniting the ignition plug (67) is further increased from the conventional 8KV / 250rpm. This improves the ignition performance.

By the way, even if it is possible to ignite at low rotation and without reverse rotation, if the carburetor cannot supply a fuel amount of an appropriate air-fuel ratio into the cylinder at the low rotation, , Cannot be ignited.
Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 19, the diameter D ₁ of the venturi section (79) of the carburetor (78) is set to obtain an appropriate air-fuel ratio sufficient to ignite at a low rotation state of 350 rpm or less. By making it smaller than the conventional one, the inflow speed in this part is increased to ensure that the fuel is sucked up from the nozzle (80). In addition, an appropriate air-fuel ratio can be obtained at low rotation speed even when the combination of the extraction position of the air jet (81) and the shape of the nozzle (80) is properly selected. It becomes possible.

By using such means in combination with all or some of them as appropriate, it is possible to start with a small torque in a low rotation range of 350 rpm or less, and accordingly, the required capacity of the starter motor (16) is reduced. It is possible to make the battery much smaller than the conventional one and the battery as well.

Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, a unit including a starter motor and a recoil starter and a unit including only a recoil starter can be exchangeably attached to each other. Even in an engine of the recoil starter specification which is not used, it is possible to easily change and mount the engine by exchanging the recoil starter portion, and vice versa.

Further, in the present invention, when changing from a single type of recoil starter to a type of both starter motor and recoil starter, the starter motor is integrated with a unit having the starter motor integrated in advance. By interposing the starter motor mechanism between them, connecting means etc. for connecting between the starter motor mechanism and the recoil device are unnecessary compared to those with both specifications, and when the starter motor is attached Can be shortened accordingly. Moreover, since the starter motor itself is provided so as to be substantially within the width in the crankshaft direction of the starter motor on the side of the recoil starter case, the starter motor does not protrude in that direction. It does not interfere with parts such as the air cleaner around the engine body when it is mounted on the engine.Also, even if such a starter motor mechanism is stored in stock, the storage space is small because the whole is compact. This has the effect of ending.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a front view of the entire engine showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the engine as viewed from the right in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of a recoil starter and a fan case,
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the battery, FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a main part showing the same state of mounting the battery, FIG. 6 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part of a terminal connecting portion between the battery and the starter motor, Is a front view of a recoil starter type engine, FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a starter motor unit, FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a recoil starter unit, and FIG. 10 is a front view of the entire engine showing another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11, FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional plan view of the recoil starter and the fan case portion in FIG. 10, FIG. 12 is a front view showing another example of the recoil starter, FIG. 13 and FIG. FIG. 15 is a power supply circuit of an ignition device showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 16 shows a change in a voltage generated by an ignition device for performing ignition by a flywheel magnet system. Graph, Fig. 17 FIG. 18 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a flywheel magnet type power generation unit also used in the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 18 is a graph showing a waveform of a generated voltage obtained by the power generation device of FIG. 17, and FIG. FIG. 20 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main part of a carburetor used in an embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional plan view of a main part of an engine showing a mounting structure of a conventional starter motor. (11) Engine body (14) Recoil starter (16) Starter motor (17) Battery (4
0) Recoil starter case, (60) Starter motor unit, (61) Recoil starter unit.

Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Kenji Nomura 1-32 Chaya-cho, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Yanmar Diesel Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-U 2-37273 (JP, U) JP-U 119877 (JP, U) Actually open 63-79469 (JP, U)

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A starter unit having a recoil starter and a starter unit having a starter motor on a side portion of the recoil starter case, which is located substantially within the width of the recoil starter case in the crankshaft direction, are mounted on the engine body side. An engine starter characterized by being replaceable.