JP2699367B2 - Electronic stringed musical instrument and method of generating pitch data of electronic stringed musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to determination of a pitch specified by a player,
In particular, the present invention relates to a technique for accurately determining a pitch of a player based on a plurality of times of measurement of propagation times by ultrasonic waves.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, as an electronic stringed musical instrument of this kind, for example,
What is disclosed in -99790 is known.
The electronic stringed musical instrument disclosed in this publication supplies an ultrasonic wave to a string, and makes contact with the string based on a time interval from transmission of the ultrasonic wave to reception of an ultrasonic echo reflected by a fret in contact with the string. Determine which frets are playing. When the fret that comes into contact with the string is determined in this manner, a tone signal required for generating a tone having a pitch corresponding to the fret is synthesized, and the sound system has a pitch specified by the fret that comes into contact with the string. Generates musical sounds.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above-mentioned electronic stringed musical instrument, since the fret position is determined based on a single measurement using an ultrasonic wave, an echo reflected from a tailpiece in contact with the string or a preceding sound is detected. When an undesired noise such as a residual echo of the transmitted ultrasonic wave is input to the fret position determination circuit, the determination of the fret position is erroneous, and a musical tone having a pitch different from the pitch intended by the player is generated. There was a problem.

Therefore, the present invention is less susceptible to the above noise,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an electronic stringed musical instrument capable of always generating a musical tone having a pitch intended by a player.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The first invention of the present application is, as shown in FIG. 1, composed of a string stretched on a musical instrument main body and operation data corresponding to a pressed position of the string. By generating operation data generating means, storage means for storing a plurality of corresponding data each representing an operation position corresponding to a pitch, and comparing the operation data with a plurality of corresponding data, Determining means for determining which of the plurality of operation positions represented by the corresponding data; and a plurality of operation data generated by the operation data generating means, and determined by the determining means based on the generated operation data. Determining means for determining whether a plurality of operation positions are the same, and a pitch for generating pitch data corresponding to the operation position when the determining means determines that the plurality of operation positions are the same a plurality of times. And a data generating means.

Further, the second invention of the present application provides an operation data generating step of generating operation data corresponding to a pressed position of a string, and an operation data generated in the operation data generating step, wherein the operation data generated in the operation data generation step is operated for different pitches of the string. A determination step of determining whether the pressed position of the string is any of the plurality of operation positions indicated by the corresponding data, by comparing with a plurality of corresponding data representing positions, and at the pressed position of the string, Repeating the operation data generation step and the determination step a plurality of times; determining whether the plurality of operation positions determined by the determination step are the same as a result of the repetition; and determining the plurality of operation positions by the determination step. When the operation position is determined to be the same a plurality of times, pitch data generation that generates pitch data corresponding to the operation position is performed. A step, a pitch data generating method for an electronic stringed instrument comprising a.

[Operation of the Invention] The operation of determining the pitch information will be described by taking as an example the formation of the pitch information during performance by the electronic stringed musical instrument according to the above configuration.

The performer plays the electronic stringed instrument while designating the pitch by pressing the string 2 against the pitch designation section 3. Then, the detecting means 4 detects the position of the pitch designation section 3 at which the string 2 is pressed, and generates data corresponding to this position. However,
The detection means 4 may generate data corresponding to an incorrect position due to noise. Therefore, when the data generated by the detecting means 4 and continuously input is the same in a plurality of times, the pitch data generating means 5 indicates this data to the pitch specifying section 3 where the string 2 is pressed. Then, the pitch data is generated based on this data. Then, a musical tone is generated based on the pitch data.

[Effect of the Invention] As is clear from the operation of the invention described above, the electronic stringed musical instrument according to the present invention can be used, for example, when the same data is detected a plurality of times by using ultrasonic waves to detect the same pitch. The data was fixed. For this reason, even if the detecting means generates erroneous data based on noise, the error can be detected, and the effect that the tone of the pitch intended by the player can always be generated can be obtained. Can be

Embodiments Schematic Configuration of Electronic Stringed Instrument FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a guitar body, and six strings 2 having different diameters are provided in the longitudinal direction of the guitar body 21.
Are extended in parallel with each other. 23,2 each string
The piezoelectric elements 27, 29, .. are fixed to the guitar body 21 on the tailpiece side of 5, so that they contact the corresponding strings 23, 25,. The electromagnetic pickups 31, 33,... Are fixed near the strings 23, 25,. Further, bend sensors 35, 37,... Between the piezoelectric elements 27, 29,... And the electromagnetic pickups 31, 33,.
Are fixed to the guitar body 21 corresponding to the strings 23, 25,..., And these bend sensors 35, 37,.
The bend effect is added to the musical tone generated by detecting the bend amount. On the other hand, a plurality of, typically 24 frets 39, 41, 43, 45 strings 23, 25,
The strings 3, 25, ... are pressed by the neck of the guitar body 21 during playing and the frets 39, 4
Contact 1, ... 43,45.

These piezoelectric elements 27, 29, ... and electromagnetic pickups 31, 3
The bend sensors 35, 37, and are connected to a bus system 63 via a interface 61 together with a switch group 59. The bus system 63 includes a central processing unit (CP).
U) 65, a program memory 67, a register group 69, various tables 71, and a tone generator (TG) 73 are further connected. The program memory 65 is composed of a read-only memory, and is shown in FIGS. 10 to 14, FIGS.
Instructions for realizing the algorithms shown in the programs of FIGS. 20 and 24 are retained. The register group 69 is constituted by a read / write memory as needed, and rewritably holds various data described later. On the other hand, the various tables 71 are configured by a read-only memory, and store fixed data that is referred to when the above-described program is executed. The tone generator 73 receives the data supplied from the central processing unit 65 and forms a tone signal. The tone signal is supplied to a sound system 75 including an amplifier and a speaker and is used for generating a tone. The circuit shown in FIG. 2 further has a clock generation circuit 77, and this clock generation circuit 77
The timer clock of Hz is supplied to the central processing unit 65 and the interface 61. The central processing unit 65 generates a timer interrupt when the timer clock is applied, and executes the program shown in FIG. On the contrary,
Upon receiving the supply of the timer clock CK, the interface 61 holds the maximum amplitude value of the string vibration every 1 msec and prepares for access from the central processing unit 65. The latch of the maximum amplitude value of the string vibration will be described later in detail with reference to FIG.

Detailed Configuration of Interface 61 Next, referring to FIG. 3 to FIG.
The detailed configuration of 61 will be described. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a circuit for generating an ultrasonic wave and a circuit for measuring the propagation time of the ultrasonic wave. The timing of the main signal appearing in FIG.
Shown in the figure. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a circuit for detecting the maximum value of the string amplitude every 1 msec. FIG. 6 is a circuit for processing the bend amount supplied from the bend sensor.

First, a circuit for generating an ultrasonic wave and a circuit for measuring a propagation time will be described with reference to FIGS. These circuits are provided for each of the piezoelectric elements 27, 29,..., But in the following description, only the piezoelectric element 27 will be described.

As described above, the clock generation circuit 77 generates the timer clock CK every 1 msec (see FIG. 4A).
The timer clock is supplied to the monostable multivibrator (MM1) 79 of the interface 61 to generate a drive pulse P1 rising at the leading edge of the timer clock CK (see FIG. 4B). This drive pulse P1 is supplied to the constant current amplifier 81
Is supplied to the piezoelectric element 27 after being amplified by. as a result,
The piezoelectric element 27 mechanically vibrates at a high frequency (hereinafter, the high frequency vibration is referred to as an ultrasonic wave BR), and the ultrasonic wave BR is transmitted to the string 23. The ultrasonic wave BR transmitted to the string 23 propagates through the string 23, and when the player presses the string 23 against the neck of the guitar body 21 in order to specify the pitch, the ultrasonic wave BR 43 or 45 in contact with the frets 39, 41,..., 43 or 45 to generate an echo EC. This echo EC propagates through the string 23 again, and is converted again into an electric signal (hereinafter referred to as an echo signal) by the piezoelectric element 27 (see FIG. 4C). This echo signal is supplied to the analog gate 83. Since the analog gate 83 is off only during the period of the prohibition signal DS (see FIG. 4 (D)) from the monostable multivibrator (MM2), the echo signal At the time of arrival, the echo signal is supplied to the peak hold circuits 87 and 89 through the analog gate 83 (see FIG. 4 (E)). The peak hold circuit 87 samples the echo signal in response to the 100 KHz timing signal, and supplies the sampled echo signal to the analog comparator 91. This analog comparator 91
Is a threshold supply comprising a register for holding a digital threshold (echo threshold data, transferred from the register group 69) and an analog-digital converter (hereinafter referred to as an A / D converter). A period in which the analog threshold value supplied from the circuit 93 is compared with the instantaneous value of the echo signal output from the peak hold circuit 87 every 1/100 msec, and the instantaneous value of the echo signal is larger than the analog threshold value. The echo detection signal ED which shifts to the high level is supplied to the rise detection circuit 95 and the fall detection circuit 97, respectively (see FIG. 4 (F)). Therefore, the rise detection circuit 95
Detects the leading edge of the echo detection signal ED and generates a first count end pulse P2 (see FIG. 4 (G)). On the other hand, the falling detection circuit 97 detects the falling of the echo detection signal ED and generates a second count end pulse P3 (see FIG. 4 (H)). On the other hand, the peak hold circuit 89 detects the maximum value of the echo signal and outputs the maximum value to the A / D converter 99.
And converts it into a digital value, and in response to the latch signal supplied from the delay circuit 100, echo level data ECHLVL
It is stored in the register 101 as S.

In parallel with the processing relating to the echo signal, preparations are made for measuring the propagation time. That is, the flip-flops 103 and 10 reset by the preceding echo detection signal
When the timer clock CK is supplied to 5, these flip-flops 103 and 105 are set, and the AND gates 107 and 1 are set.
09 is high level (Fig. 4 (I),
(See (J)). As a result, AND gate 107,
109 passes the clock pulse of 2 MHz, and the counter 111,1
Reference numeral 13 starts clocking using the clock pulse supplied from the AND gate as the count pulse CNT. Therefore, the counters 111 and 113 count the count pulse CNT supplied from the generation of the driving pulse P1, that is, from the generation of the ultrasonic wave to the reset of the flip-flops 103 and 105 by the rising detection circuit 95 and the falling detection circuit 97 (the first pulse). 4 See FIGS. (K) and (L)). In other words, the counter
111 counts the number of count pulses supplied from the generation of the ultrasonic wave to the leading edge of the echo pulse, and the counter 113 counts the number of count pulses supplied from the generation of the ultrasonic wave to the trailing edge of the echo pulse. Will do. The count values held in these counters 111 and 113 are added by an adder circuit 115, and thereafter, the echo count data ECH
It is supplied to and held in the register 117 as CNTS.

Next, a circuit for detecting the maximum value of the string amplitude every 1 msec will be described with reference to FIG. This circuit is also provided for each of the electromagnetic pickups 31, 33,..., But only the circuit provided for the electromagnetic pickup 31 will be described below.

In FIG. 5, the waveform of the analog electric signal output from the electromagnetic pickup 31 is similar to the waveform of the string vibration at the time of plucking, and this analog electric signal is sampled by a sampling clock of 30 KHz and is converted into an A / D converter. Supplied to 119. The A / D converter 119 converts the instantaneous peak value of the analog electric signal into a digital value, and removes the sign bit in the absolute value extracting circuit 121 to obtain an absolute value (hereinafter simply referred to as a digital peak value). This digital crest value is stored in register 12
3 and one input terminal of the comparator 125 are supplied in parallel, and the output terminal of the register 123 is supplied in parallel to the other input terminal of the comparator 125 and the register 127. Therefore, the digital peak value sequentially supplied after the register 123 is reset by the delay signal of the timer clock CK (formed by the delay circuit 129) is latched, and the latched digital peak value is used as the digital peak value sequentially supplied. The high value is compared with the comparator 125. If the comparator 125 determines that the newly supplied digital peak value is larger than the digital peak value latched in the register 123, the comparator 12
5 sends a latch signal to the register 123 to cause the register 123 to hold a new digital peak value. If rewriting of the digital crest value based on the comparison result is continued for 1 msec, the maximum digital crest value during the 1 msec remains in the register 123, and this maximum digital crest value is latched in the register 127 in response to the timer clock CK. Therefore, the register 127 holds the maximum digital peak value for the preceding 1 msec for the subsequent 1 msec.
Is read by the central processing unit 65 as described later as maximum peak value data PICKUPS. The register 123 is reset by the delay signal of the timer clock CK after the register 127 latches the maximum digital peak value.

Next, a circuit for processing the bend amount will be described. This circuit is also provided for each of the bend sensors 35, 37,..., But the following description will be made only for the circuit attached to the bend sensor 35. In FIG. 6, the bend sensor 35 includes a light emitting element 131, a light receiving element 133, and a shielding plate 135 that changes an optical path area 134 with the movement of the string 23, and the amount of light that changes with the movement of the shielding plate 135 is An A / D converter 137 converts the light amount from the light receiving sensor 133 into a digital light amount, and the digital light amount is held in the register 139 as bend data BENDS. This bend data BENDS
The relationship between the angle and the rotation angle of the shielding plate 135 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. When the string 23 is in the neutral state, the shielding plate 135 is substantially perpendicular to the string 23 as shown in FIG. 7 (A), and the optical path area 134 is reduced by almost half. The bend data value BENDS at this time is adjusted to be 40 (40 _H ) in hexadecimal. In contrast, the string 23 is reclined to the left optical path area is maximized as shown in Figure No. 7 (B), the bend data BENDS is 7F _H next to this time, the string 23 is right opposite When tilted in the optical path area 134 is minimized, the bend data bENDS becomes 00 _H. Therefore, bend data BE
NDS will change in response to movement of the left and right chord between 00 _H ~7F _H.

The use of the switches included in the switch group 59 connected to the switch interface 61 included in the switch group will be specifically described. The switch group 59 includes a main switch, a legato switch, a left hand switch, an initialization switch, a tone color selection switch, a volume selection switch, and a bend curve selection switch. The main switch is a switch used for starting and stopping the electronic stringed musical instrument.When the electronic stringed musical instrument is started by operating the main switch, a main switch-on event is detected by the central processing unit 65, and is shown in FIG. The execution of the main routine program is started. The legato switch is a switch for determining whether or not legato is applied to successive musical tones, and alternately determines whether or not legato is applied for each legato switch-on event. At the time of legato addition, the pitch of the plurality of musical tones gradually changes without repeating the attack. That is,
When the fret is changed (t1, t2) while operating the legato switch by operating the legato switch, as shown in FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 8C, the envelope of the musical tone repeats the attack and repeats the attack. Decays rapidly during stringing. However, if the fret is changed after plucking in the state without legato by operating the legato switch, the pitch of the musical tone changes continuously without rapidly attenuating at the time of plucking as shown in FIG. 8D. . In this case, the tone volume does not change. On the other hand, the left hand switch determines the presence or absence of the left hand mode by the same operation. In the left hand mode, when the player presses the strings 23, 25,... To the frets 39, 41,. Therefore, the player can play the electronic stringed instrument with only one hand, usually only the left hand. The initialization switch is a switch that is used when resetting various data that was initially set at the time of the main switch ON event, and a subroutine program executed in the initialization mode shown in FIGS. Will be executed again. This initialization switch-on event is described in detail in the description related to FIG. The tone selection switch is a switch used when selecting a tone of a musical tone generated by an electronic stringed instrument. In this embodiment, a tone selection switch is used to select the tone of various musical instruments and electronic synthesized sounds in addition to the tone of an electric guitar. Can be generated based on the selection of The volume selection switch is a switch for selecting the volume of musical tones generated by the electronic stringed musical instrument, and can select the entire six strings at once or adjust the volume balance one by one. The bend curve selection switch is a switch for selecting a locus of a change in the pitch of a musical tone when the string is bent. In the case of this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
A desired trajectory can be selected from three types of trajectories, E, F, and G. That is, as described with reference to FIGS. 7 (B) and (C), the strings in the neutral state (40 _H ) are moved to the left side (7F _H ).
Or Tilting the right side (00 _H), becomes constant after changing halfway steep pitch of a tone when the locus E is selected, the locus F is selected, the pitch of the musical tone of the neck It varies constantly over the entire width. On the other hand, when the trajectory G is selected, the pitch of the musical tone changes gently at first, and then changes sharply. Therefore, the player can operate the bend curve selection switch to select a trajectory having a pitch suitable for a musical idea.

Data Held in Register Group Next, Table 1 shows data held in the register group 69 and used for executing a program described later in detail.

Various Tables The various tables shown in FIG. 2 include the following.

(1) BENDCNV: This is a table for converting the output values of the bend sensors 35, 37,... Into the amount of change in the pitch of the musical tone, and is represented by BENDCNV (BEND) according to the bend sensor data BEND. It is used when executing the pitch change data calculation subroutine shown in FIG.

(2) FKCNV: A table for holding a key code FKCNV (FRET) corresponding to fret number data FRET for each string, and is used when executing the key-on subroutine shown in FIG. The correspondence between the fret position and the key code for each string is shown in Appendix 1, and the correspondence between the key code and the key is shown in Appendix 2.

(3) RNGR, RNGL: right and left limit values of the virtual bend amount, these limit values are set for each fret position,
For example, it is represented by RNGR (FRET). This is because the width of the neck portion becomes narrower as approaching the 0th fret and is not constant. It is used when executing the pitch change data calculation subroutine shown in FIG.

_{(4) l 0 ~l 24,} l BEND: distance from bottom piece to each fret, and from the bottom piece to the bend sensor. Table 3 shows specific numerical values.

Main Routine Program First, a main routine program executed by the central processing unit 65 will be described with reference to FIG. When the main switch of the electronic stringed musical instrument is turned on, the central processing unit 65 sequentially executes Steps P1 and P2 in a state where the timer interrupt is prohibited, and initializes a register described below. That is, the data value “0” is set to the count data N and the accumulated value data SUM, and the data value of the mode data MODE is set to “1” (step P1). Therefore, when the timer interrupt is released, the electronic stringed instrument enters the initialization mode based on the data value "1" of the mode data MODE. In the subsequent step P2, the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT, key-on trigger data ONTRG, preceding peak value data OPCK, pickup maximum value data PEAK, mute count data MUTECNT, fret position data NFRET, and key code data OKC are each set to `` 0 ''. Set. After that, the central processing unit 65 releases the timer interrupt prohibition and enables the interrupt based on the timer clock CK (step P3). Accordingly, a timer interrupt is enabled after step P3. At the time of the timer interrupt, various subroutine programs described later with reference to FIG. 11 are executed. However, at the end of the subroutine program executed by the timer interrupt, the program returns to the main routine program to continue the execution. Therefore, the following description of the main routine program will be continued on the assumption that no timer interrupt has occurred.

When the timer interrupt is released as described above,
The central processing unit 65 reads out the mode data MODE from the register group 69 and determines whether or not the data value is "0" (step P4). If the data value of the mode data MODE is other than "0" (N), the electronic stringed instrument is in the initial value setting mode, and the central processing unit 65 waits for switching to the performance mode while repeating step P4. As described above, in the main switch-on event of the electronic stringed instrument, the data value of the mode data MODE is set to "1" in step P1, so that the central processing unit 65 repeats step P4 and sets the subroutine P200 , P300, P400. However, when the initial value setting is completed and the mode is switched from the initial value setting mode to the performance mode, the result of the determination in step P4 becomes "yes" (Y).
The step 65 proceeds to step P5 to determine whether or not a legato switch-on event has occurred (step P5). Central processing unit
65 detects the occurrence of the legato switch-on event in step P5, switches the data value of the legato state data LGT from "0" to "1" or vice versa (calculation of "LGT ← 1-LGT" (step P6 )). Thereafter, it is determined in step P7 whether a left hand switch on event has occurred. If it is detected in step P5 that no legato switch-on event has occurred, the central processing unit 65
Proceeds to step P7 without executing step P6, and determines whether a left hand switch on event has been detected. When the left hand switch on event is detected in step P7, the data value of the left hand mode data LEFT is switched from "0" to "1" or vice versa (calculation of "LEFT ← 1-LEFT" (step P8)). . Thereafter, the process proceeds to step P9 to execute other processes, for example, processes related to tone color selection, volume selection, and the like. On the other hand, when it is determined in step P7 that the left hand switch on event has not occurred, the central processing unit 65 proceeds to step P9 without executing step P8. Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 determines whether or not there is an initialization switch-on event in step P1.
If the initialization switch-on event occurs (Y), the timer interrupt is prohibited again (step P1).
1) Return to Step P1, and return to Steps P1, P2, P3, P4, P200, P30
A routine for initialization composed of 0 and P400 is executed. On the other hand, when the initialization switch-on event is not detected in step P10, the process returns to step P5, and the timer interrupt is dealt with while repeatedly executing the processing including steps P5 to P10.

Timer interrupt processing routine As described above, the clock generation circuit 77
The timer clock CK is generated at intervals of .If a timer interrupt based on the timer clock CK occurs during steps P4 to P10, the central processing unit 65 responds to this timer clock CK and Execute the current timer interrupt processing routine. The following explanation is for strings
Although only 23 is described, the other five strings are the same, and can be processed in parallel by time division or the like.

When a timer interrupt occurs, the central processing unit 65 reads out the mode data MODE from the register group 69 and judges the value (P100). If the data value of the mode data MODE is "0", the central processing unit 65 executes the performance mode processing described later. If the value of the mode data MODE is "1", "2" or "3", the subroutine (P200, P300, P400) described below is executed. In the case of this embodiment, the subroutines P200, P300, and P400 constitute the initial value setting mode.

First, a case where the data value of the mode data MODE is “1” will be described. As described above, since the mode data MODE is set to “1” in step P1 of the main routine program, the judgment in step P100 is made at the time of the timer interrupt after the main switch-on event occurs or after the initialization switch-on event occurs. The mode data value becomes “1”. Accordingly, the central processing unit 65 executes the bend sensor initialization subroutine shown in FIG.

Bend sensor initial setting subroutine When the bend sensor initial setting subroutine starts,
The central processing unit 65 reads the bend data BENDS from the register 139 (step P201), and sends the bend data BENDS to the register group as bend sensor data BEND (step P202). Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 reads the accumulated value data SUM, and adds the value of the bend sensor data BEND to the value of the accumulated value data SUM (step P203). At the time of the first processing, since the value of the accumulated value data is “0” (see step P1), the accumulated value data SUM is the bend sensor data B
It has the same value as END. Subsequently, the central processing unit 65 increments the count data N by "1" (step P204),
Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the value of the count data N has reached “16” (Step P205). While the determination result of step P205 is no (N), the process returns to the timer interrupt processing routine and the main routine program, and waits for the occurrence of the timer interrupt again.

When the timer interrupt occurs again, the data value of the mode data MODE is still “1”, so the central processing unit
Step 65 executes a bend sensor initialization subroutine, and repeats the above steps P201 to P205. In this way, the central processing unit 65 reads the bend data BENDS from the register 139 every time a timer interrupt occurs, adds the bend data BENDS to the accumulated value data SUM, and sets the count data N to “1”.
Steps P201 to P205 are repeatedly executed until “6” is reached. Therefore, when the value of the count data SUM reaches “16”, the accumulated value data is 16 times of bend data BEND
This is the cumulative value of S. Therefore, the central processing unit 65 divides the value of the accumulated value data SUM by “16”, and divides the value by “40 _H ” from the quotient.
Is subtracted to calculate a correction value BENDI of the bend data BENDS and sends it to the register group 69 (step P206). After this,
The CPU 65 proceeds to Step P207, resets the value of the count data N and the value of the accumulated value data SUM to "0", and sets the value of the mode data MODE to "2" in the subsequent Step P208 to bend. The sensor initialization subroutine ends.

Echo level initial setting subroutine As described above, the mode data MODE is set to "2" before the end of the bend sensor initial setting subroutine. Therefore, when a timer interrupt occurs after the end of the bend sensor initial setting subroutine, the step of the timer interrupt processing routine is executed. The result of the determination in P100 is to request the execution of the echo level initialization subroutine, and the central processing unit 65 executes the echo level initialization subroutine shown in FIG. In the echo level initialization subroutine, first, the central processing unit 65 reads the echo level data ECHLVLS from the register 101 (step P301), and sends this to the register group 69 as reception level data ECHLVL (step P302). Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 reads the accumulated value data SUM, and adds the value of the reception level data ECHLVL to the value of the accumulated value data SUM (step P303). At the time of the first processing, since the value of the accumulated value data is “0” (see step P207), the accumulated value data SUM is the reception level data E
It has the same value as CHLVL. Subsequently, the central processing unit 65 increments the count data N by "1" (step P30).
4) Then, it is determined whether or not the value of the count data N has reached “16” (step P305). While the determination result of step P305 is NO (N), the process returns to the timer interrupt processing routine and the main routine program, and waits for the occurrence of the timer interrupt again.

When the timer interrupt occurs again, the data value of the mode data MODE is still “2”, so the central processing unit
A step 65 executes an echo level initialization subroutine, and repeats the above steps P301 to P305. In this way, the central processing unit 65 reads the echo level data ECHLVLS from the register 101 every time a timer interrupt occurs, and adds the read echo level data ECHLVLS to the accumulated value data SUM.
Steps P301 to P305 are repeatedly executed until the value of reaches “16”. Therefore, the value of the count data SUM is "1
When "6" is reached, the cumulative value data is the cumulative value of the echo level data ECHLVLS for 16 times. Therefore, the central processing unit 65 calculates the open string level data ECHLVLI by dividing the value of the accumulated value data SUM by “16” and sends it to the register group 69 (step P306).

Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 proceeds to Step P307 and calculates mute threshold data MUTE. That is, the open string level data ECHLVLI is multiplied by 0.7 and sent to the register group 69 as mute threshold data MUTE. Subsequently, the central processing unit 65 calculates the echo threshold data THLVL (step P308). In this embodiment, the echo threshold data THLVL is set to 0.2 times the open string level data ECHLVLI. Is the echo threshold data TH
After calculating the LVL, it is sent to the register group 69. As described above, when the echo threshold data THLVL is held in the register group 69, the central processing unit 65 sets the echo threshold data THLV
The LVL is transferred to the register of the threshold value supply circuit 93 to be used for discrimination between the echo signal and noise in the performance mode (step
P309). Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 resets the count data N and the accumulated value data SUM to "0" (step P310), and thereafter sets the mode data MODE to "3" to terminate the echo level initialization subroutine. .

Fret position calculation subroutine As described above, before the end of the echo level initialization subroutine, the mode data MODE is set to "3". Therefore, when a timer interruption occurs after the end of the echo level initialization subroutine, step P100 of the timer interruption processing routine is executed. Is determined to require execution of the fret position calculation subroutine, and the central processing unit 65 executes the fret position calculation subroutine shown in FIG.
In the fret position calculation subroutine, first, the central processing unit 65 reads the echo count data ECHCNTS from the register 117 (step P401), and reads this from the reception count data.
It is sent to the register group 69 as ECHCNT (step P40
2). Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 reads the accumulated value data SUM, and stores the received count data E in the value of the accumulated value data SUM.
The value of CHCNT is added (step P403). At the time of the first processing, the value of the accumulated value data is “0” (step
P310), the accumulated value data SUM is the reception count data ECH
It has the same value as CNT. Subsequently, the central processing unit 65 increments the count data N by "1" (step P404),
Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the value of the count data N has reached “16” (Step P405). While the determination result of step P405 is NO (N), the process returns to the timer interrupt processing routine and further to the main routine program, and waits for the occurrence of a timer interrupt again.

When the timer interrupt occurs again, the data value of the mode data MODE is still “3”, so the central processing unit
Step 65 executes a fret position calculation subroutine, and repeats the above steps P401 to P405. In this way, the central processing unit 65 sets the register 11 every time a timer interrupt occurs.
Steps P401 to P405 are repeatedly executed until the value of the count data N reaches "16" while reading the echo count data ECHCNTS from 7 and adding this to the accumulated value data SUM. Therefore, the value of the count data SUM is "1
When “6” is reached, the cumulative value data is the cumulative value of the echo count data ECHCNTS for 16 times. Therefore,
The central processing unit 65 calculates the open string count data ECHCNTI by dividing the value of the accumulated value data SUM by “16”, and
9 (Step P406).

Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 proceeds to Step P407 and sets the fret count data i to “0”. Next, the central processing unit 65 calculates the fret boundary data CNTTHi (step P408). That is, the fret is moved from the 0th fret 39 (F0) from which the ultrasonic wave is reflected at the time of the open string to the piezoelectric elements 27, 29,
. Are assigned FRET numbers F0, F1,..., Fi,..., F23, F24 as shown in FIG.
The piezoelectric elements 27, 29, and the distance from ... 0 th fret 39 (F0) and l _0, the fret boundary data CNTTHi indicating the threshold of the propagation time for the i-th fret Fi CNTTHi = (l _{i -1 -l i) / (2 ·} l 0) are determined by × ECHCNTI. In the above equation, (l _i−1 −l _i ) / 2 indicates the distance from the piezoelectric elements 27, 29,... To the midpoint of the adjacent fret, and the open string count data ECHCNTI obtained in step P406 Is proportionally distributed to calculate the propagation time for each fret. Note that the distances l _i to the respective frets are fixedly held on various tables 71. When the threshold value of the propagation time for the fret F _i specified by the fret count data i is calculated in this way (since the fret count data i is “0” at this time, the fret boundary data CNT for the virtual fret F ₋₁ is calculated.
TH- ₁ is obtained.
This is a non-existent fret farther than the 0th fret as seen from the piezoelectric element as shown in FIG. 15) and transferred to the register group 69, after which the central processing unit 65 sets the fret count data i to "1". Step forward (Step P40
9) It is determined whether or not the fret count data i has reached “24” (step P410). While the result of the determination at Step P410 is No (N), the central processing unit 65 returns to Step P408 and repeats Steps P408 to P410 to execute the virtual frets.
F _-1 , fret boundary data CNTT for frets F0 to F24
Calculate Hi. The fret boundary data CNTHHi thus calculated is sent to the register group 69 and held.

Eventually fret boundary data for all frets
Is calculated, the result of the determination in step P410 becomes yes (Y), so that the central processing unit 65 sets the fret number data FRET and the fret position data NFRET to “0”, respectively.
(Step P411), and thereafter, the mode data MODE is set to “0”, and the fret position calculation subroutine ends. In this way, the initial value setting mode is terminated by the end of the execution of the fret position calculation subroutine, and the mode data
MODE specifies the performance mode.

Processing in Performance Mode As described above, when the fret position calculation subroutine ends, the data value of the mode data MODE is “0”, so when the central processing unit 65 executes the timer interrupt processing in response to the timer interrupt, The judgment result of step P100 designates the performance mode, and the central processing unit 65 sets the fret judgment subroutine P500 and the bend playing style judgment subroutine P9.
00, the key-on detection subroutine P1100 and the mute determination subroutine P1200 are sequentially executed.

In the fret discriminating subroutine P500, the value of the echo count data ECHCNTS formed based on the echo signal is sequentially compared with the fret boundary data CNTHTi calculated in the above-described fret position calculating subroutine (see FIG. 14) to make contact with the string. The fret is determined, and when the same fret is detected three times in succession, the fret position is determined, and a key-off subroutine, a key-change subroutine, or a key-on subroutine is executed according to the determined fret and whether or not the left hand mode is set.

In the bend playing style determination subroutine P900, the bend sensor
It is determined whether the bend data BENDS supplied from 35 is valid or invalid. If the bend data BENDS is valid data, the pitch change amount is calculated based on a preselected bend curve, and the pitch change amount is calculated by the tone generator 73. To send to.

On the other hand, in the key-on detection subroutine P1100, the peak time of the string vibration is determined from the maximum peak value data PICKUP, and when it is detected that the string vibration has attenuated three consecutive times after the string vibration reaches the peak, the plucking of the string is performed. The occurrence is recognized, and a key-on subroutine is executed to generate a musical sound.

In the mute determination subroutine P1200, the reception level data ECHLVL when the mute count data MUTECNT set to the maximum value at the time of execution of the key-on subroutine becomes the minimum value “0” is set to the above-described echo level initialization subroutine (FIG. 13). If the value has decreased to the value of the mute threshold data set at the time of the execution of (3), the mute operation of the player is detected and the key-off program is executed immediately.

In the play mode, the central processing unit 65 operates the registers 101, 1
While accessing the data held in 17, 127, and 139, the subroutines P500, P900, P1100, and P1200 are executed at each timer interrupt to determine the player's operation, and to the tone generator 73 to the player's will. It instructs the generation of musical tones in accordance with the above and the application of effects to musical tones corresponding to various playing styles.

Hereinafter, the subroutine executed in the performance mode will be described in detail.

Fret determination subroutine The algorithm of the fret determination subroutine P500 is 16th.
It is shown in the figure.

When the fret determination subroutine starts, the central processing unit 65 reads the echo count data ECHCNTS from the register 117 (step P501), and stores the read echo count data ECHCNTS in the register group 69 as the reception count data ECHCNT.
Transfer as CNT (step P502). Subsequently, the central processing unit 65 sets the count data N to "-1" (step P503), and sets the fret count data i to "0" (step P504). Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 compares the fret boundary data CNTTHi relating to the virtual fret F- ₁ with the reception count data ECHCNT (step P505), and changes the value of the fret boundary data CNTTHi to the reception count data ECHC.
If the value is larger than the value of NT, the determination result of step P505 becomes YES (Y), so that the fret count data i is transferred to the count data N (step P506), and then the value of the fret count data i is set to “1”. It is increased (step P507), and it is determined in step P508 whether or not the fret count data i has exceeded “24”. While the fret count data i designates a fret farther than the fret that generated the echo signal, the result of the determination in step P505 is YES (Y), and the central processing unit 65 then proceeds to step P505.
While repeatedly executing the loop composed of P508, the process waits until the determination result of step P505 changes to No (N). If the decision result in the step P505 is no (N), the central processing unit 65 proceeds to a step P507 to increase the value of the fret count data i by "1" without setting the value of the fret count data i in the count data N. In this way, the central processing unit
Step 65 waits until the judgment result of step P508 becomes yes (Y) while searching for the fret which generated the echo signal by repeatedly executing steps P505 to P508.

If the decision result in the step P508 is YES, the central processing unit 65 stores the reception count data ECHCNT in the virtual frets ~ 24.
Since it is sequentially compared with the fret boundary data CNTTHi of the number fret, the process proceeds to step P509 to determine whether the count data N is “−1” indicating the virtual fret or “24” indicating the number 24 fret. If the result of the determination is yes (Y), it indicates that the echo signal has occurred at a non-existent fret beyond the virtual fret or at the 24th fret to which no pitch has been assigned. It is determined that the data is error data, and the fret position determination data SMCNT is set to “0” (step P510). Thus, the fret position determination data SMCN
When T is set to "0", the reception count data ECHCNT
No musical tone is generated with respect to the echo signal that has generated. On the other hand, if the decision result in the step P509 is no (N), it is determined whether or not the value of the fret number data FRET is equal to the value of the count data N (step P51).
1). If the decision result in the step P511 is YES (Y), the value of the fret position determination data SMCNT is set to "0" in the step P510 without performing the key-on process because the determined fret is kept pressed, and the timer interrupt processing is performed. Return to the routine (FIG. 11). On the other hand, if the decision result in the step P511 is YES (Y), it is determined whether or not the value of the count data N is equal to the value of the fret position data NFRET in a step P51.
If it is determined in step 2 that they are not equal to each other, (N) the value of the fret position determination data SMCNT is set to "1" (step P51).
3) After that, the value of the count data N is set as the fret position data NFRET (step P514). on the other hand,
If the value of the fret position data NFRET is equal to the value of the count data N, the fret position determination determination data SMCN
The value of T is increased by "1" (step P515), and it is determined whether or not the fret position determination data SMCNT is "3" (step P516). If the decision result in the step P516 is no (N), a timer interrupt processing routine (11th routine) is executed.
Returning to the figure, if the judgment result of step P516 is yes (Y), the value of the fret number data FRET is changed to the fret position data NF
The value is matched with the value of RET (step P517), and the fret position determination data SMCNT is set to “0” (step P51).
8). As described above, in this embodiment, only when the same fret is detected three times, the fret is recognized as the fret in contact with the string.

The central processing unit 65 subsequently determines whether or not the value of the fret number data FRET is “0” (step P519). If the value of the fret number data FRET is “0”, the string is pressed and plucked. Since it indicates that it has shifted to the open string, the central processing unit 65 executes the key-off subroutine P600 to stop the generation of the musical tone. On the other hand, if the value of the fret number data FRET is other than “0”, the process proceeds to step P520, where it is determined whether the value of the left hand mode data LEFT is “1”, and the determination result is yes (Y). Then, in preparation for the left hand performance, "40 _H " indicating the average volume value is set in the pickup maximum value data PEAK (step P521), and thereafter, the key-on subroutine is executed and the process returns to the timer interrupt subroutine (step P700). Steps
If the decision result in P520 is no (N), the central processing unit 65 executes the key change subroutine P800 and returns to the timer interrupt processing routine. The key-off subroutine, key-off subroutine, and key-change subroutine described above will be described later in detail.

Bend Performance Style Determination Subroutine When the above-described fret position determination subroutine ends and returns to the timer interrupt processing routine, the central processing unit 65 executes a bend performance style determination subroutine P900. In the bend playing style determination subroutine P900, first, it is determined whether or not the value of the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is "0" (step P901), and if no (N), the determination of the bend playing style is stopped. Then, the process returns to the timer interrupt processing routine. As explained in the section on the register group 69,
Since the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is set to the initial value "10" at the time of detecting a plucked string, it is possible to prevent the bend playing style from being determined for a certain period (about 10 msec) after the detection of the plucked string. This is because the string vibration at the time of plucking the string is not erroneously determined as the movement of the string due to the bend. In contrast, the step
If the decision result in P901 is yes (Y), the central processing unit 65 reads the bend data BENDS from the register 139 (step P902), sends this bend data BENDS to the register group 69 and holds it as the bend sensor data BEND. (Step P903). Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 corrects the bend sensor data BEND (step P904). That is, the bend sensor initialization subroutine (the twelfth
The bend correction data BENDI calculated in FIG. 7) is added to the bend sensor data BEND, and this is stored again in the register group 69 as the bend sensor data BEND. After the above correction of the bend sensor data BEND, the central processing unit 65 determines the validity of the corrected bend sensor data BEND. That is, the value of the bend sensor data BEND is determined whether the overflow in Step P905, and set the maximum value to the bend sensor data BEND during overflow (7F _H) (step P906), but not overflow and (If the determination result of step P905 is no (N)),
If there is an underflow (if the determination result in step P907 is yes (Y)), the bend sensor data BE
The minimum value (00 _H ) is set as ND (step P908).
In this way, when the bend sensor data BEND is corrected again to be within a certain range, the central processing unit 65 executes a pitch change data calculation subroutine shown in FIG. 18 (step P1000).

Before describing the pitch change data calculation subroutine P1000, the virtual bend amount will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 19 is a plan view showing the guitar body 21, and FIG.
Indicates a lower piece. As shown in FIG. 19, since the plucking is performed at the position PC, the displacement of the string at the fret P1 in contact with the string based on the bend amount detected by the bend sensors 35, 37,... When calculated, the width of the neck of the guitar body 21 is exceeded. On the other hand, the displacement of the string at the contact position P2 with the frets based on the bend playing method should be within the range of the neck of the guitar, and the bend amount detected by the bend sensors 35, 37,. The virtual bend amount X is calculated based on the detected values of the bend sensors 35, 37,... In order to determine whether the displacement is caused by the bend operation as follows.

_{X = (BEND-40 H)} · LF where, BEND is the value of the bend sensor data corrected in step P904~P908, LF is bend position indicating the distance to the fret being pressed string from below bridge Data. Therefore, (BEND-40 _H) is the slope angle of the strings, by multiplication of the bend position data LF to the inclined-out corner position P
The virtual bend amount X (P1) or X (P2) at 1, P2, etc. can be obtained. If the virtual bend amount calculated in this way exceeds the width of the neck portion, such as the value X (P1) at the position P1, the bend operation must not have been performed, and in this case, the tone Should not cause a pitch change. On the other hand, the virtual bend amount X (P
If the displacement of the string is within the width of the neck as in 2), the pitch of the musical tone must be changed to produce a pitch change corresponding to the bend playing style.

Then, the central processing unit 65 reads the distance to the fret in contact with the string from the table 71 based on the fret number data FRET detected in the fret determination subroutine,
This is stored in the register group 69 as bend position data LF (step P1001). Subsequently, the central processing unit 65 (B
END-40 _H ) · Calculate the LF to calculate the virtual bend amount X (step P1002). When the virtual bend amount X is calculated in this manner, the central processing unit 65 compares the virtual bend amount X with the right limit value RNGR (FRET) stored in the table 71, and sets the virtual bend amount X to the right limit value. It is determined whether or not RNGR (FRET) or more (step P1003). If the judgment result in step P1003 is NO (N), the virtual bend amount X is invalid, so the value of the pitch change data BENDC is set to “0” (step P10
04), if the judgment result in step P1003 is YES (Y), the central processing unit 65 compares the virtual bend amount X with the left limit value RNGL read from the table 71, and determines whether the virtual bend amount X is equal to or smaller than the left limit value RNGL. Is determined (step P1005).
If the decision result in the step P1005 is NO (N), the virtual bend amount X is invalid, so that the pitch change data BENDC is set to "0" so that the pitch of the musical tone is kept constant. On the other hand, if the decision result in the step P1005 is YES (Y), the virtual bend amount X is valid, so the central processing unit
In 65, the program proceeds to Step P1006 in which the pitch change data BE is changed from the bend sensor data BEND in accordance with a pre-selected bend curve (in this embodiment, any of E, F, and G in FIG. 9).
The NDC is calculated and held in the register group 69 (the calculation of the pitch data is expressed as BENDCNV (BEND)).

As described above, when the pitch change data BENDC is calculated, the central processing unit 65 returns to the bend rendition style determination subroutine, and determines whether or not the pitch change data BENDC is “0” in Step P909. If the judgment result in step P909 is yes (Y), there is no need to change the pitch of the musical tone,
Return to the timer interrupt processing routine. Meanwhile, step
If the result of P909 is no (N), pitch change data BEND
Since C indicates the pitch of the musical tone to be changed, the central processing unit 65 sends the pitch change data BENDC to the tone generator 73 (step P910). When the pitch change data BENDC is sent to the tone generator 73 in this manner, the tone generator 73 changes the pitch of the musical tone based on the supplied pitch change data BENDC. As a result, the player can give a musical tone a pitch change corresponding to the bend playing style by moving the string in the width direction of the neck portion. After transmitting the pitch change data BEND to the tone generator 73 in Step P910, the central processing unit 65 returns to the timer interrupt processing routine and executes the key-on detection subroutine P1100.

Key-on detection subroutine In the key-on detection subroutine P1100 described above,
The central processing unit 65 first, as shown in FIG.
The value of the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is "1" ~
It is determined whether or not the value is "7" (step P1101). If the determination result is yes (Y), the value of the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is reduced by "1" (step P110).
2). When the value of the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT becomes "7" as described with respect to the register group 69, the key is turned on, that is, the sound generation is started.
If the value of the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is "1" to "7" at 101, control is performed so as to return to the timer interrupt processing routine via step P1102, so that once sound is generated, at least 7 msec is not reproduced. Become.

On the other hand, if the decision result in the step P1101 is no (N), the central processing unit 65 reads the maximum peak value data PICKUPS from the register 127 (step P1103), sends it to the register group 69 and holds (PICKUP) ( Step P110
Four). In the following step P1105, the maximum peak value data PICKUP
It is determined whether or not the value of the pickup threshold data PCKTH is greater than the value of the pick-up threshold data PCKTH, and if the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP is equal to or less than the value of the pickup threshold data PCKTH, the maximum peak value data PICKUP is determined to be noise. Proceeding to step P1114, the register group 69 holds the maximum peak value data PICKUP as the preceding peak value data OPCK. On the other hand, if the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP is larger than the value of the pickup threshold value data PCKTH, the central processing unit 65 transmits the maximum peak value data PIKUP.
It is determined that CKUP is data based on the plucked string, and the process proceeds to Step P1106, where the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP is compared with the value of the electromagnetic pickup boundary value data PCKLS to determine the magnitude. The electromagnetic pickup boundary value data PCKLS is a boundary value for selecting the value of the plucking magnification data MPL, and the central processing unit 65 sets the register group 69 prior to execution of step P1106.
And used for comparison with the maximum peak value data PICKUP. If the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP exceeds the value of the electromagnetic pickup boundary value data PCKLS, step P1106
Is YES (Y), the central processing unit 65 determines that high-level string vibration is generated by the plucking, and sets the plucking magnification data to "1.5" (step P110).
7). On the other hand, if the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP is equal to or less than the value of the electromagnetic pickup boundary value data PCKLS, the central processing unit 6
5 is determined to be a low-level string vibration, and the string pluck magnification data MPL is set to “2.0” (step P1108). After setting the plucking magnification data MPL, the central processing unit 65 determines whether or not the value of the key-on trigger data ONTRG is "1" (step P1109). Key-on trigger data ONTRG
Is the maximum crest data PICKUP is the preceding crest data OPCK
Indicates whether the value multiplied by the plucking magnification data MPL has been exceeded, and the value is determined during execution of the preceding key-on detection subroutine. Therefore, if the maximum peak value data PICKUP larger than (OPCK × MPL) is not detected during the execution of the preceding key-on detection subroutine, step P1
The determination result of 109 is no (N), and the preceding peak value data O
PCK is multiplied by the pluck magnification data MPL, and the product is compared with the maximum peak value data PICKUP (step P1110). If the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP is larger than the value of the above product, the judgment result in step P1110 is YES (Y), and the central processing unit 65 sets the value of the key-on trigger data ONTRG to "1" (step P1111). Then, the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is set to “10” (step P1112). Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 sets the pickup maximum value data to “0” (step P1113), and sets the maximum peak value data P
ICKUP is held in the register group 69 as the preceding peak value data OPCK (step P1114). In the case of the present embodiment, if the string vibration reaches the peak and the value of the detected maximum crest value data PICKUP subsequently decreases three times, it means that a plucked string has been detected, so that in steps P1111 to P1113 Preparations for the pluck detection are to be made. On the other hand, if the value of the maximum crest value data PICKUP is smaller than the product of the value of the preceding crest value data OPCK and the plucking magnification data MPL, sufficient vibration has not yet occurred to be regarded as a string. Then, the process proceeds to Step P1114 without making preparations for pluck detection.

On the other hand, if the key-on trigger data ONTRG has already been set to “1” in the preceding key-on detection subroutine (the determination result of step P1109 is YES (Y)
Since the pre-preparation for the pluck detection has already been completed, the central processing unit 65 proceeds from step P1109 to step P1115, where the value of the preceding peak value data OPCK is larger than the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP. It is determined whether it is large. If the value of the preceding crest value data OPCK is smaller than the value of the maximum crest value data PICKUP, the determination result in step P1115 is no (N), and the amplitude of the string vibration is still increasing. "Ten"
(Step P1116), and the maximum peak value data PICKU
P is held in the register group 69 as the preceding peak value data OPCK (step P1123). On the other hand, if the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP is smaller than the value of the preceding peak value data OPCK, the string vibration has started to decay (step
The determination result of P1115 is yes (Y)), central processing unit 65 determines whether or not the value of electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is “10” (step P1117), and the determination result is yes (Y). ) Is the maximum pick-up data
It is determined whether the value of PEAK is greater than the value of the preceding peak value data OPCK (step P1118). If the decision result in the step P1118 is no (N), the preceding peak value data OPCK is held as the pickup maximum value data PEAK in the register group 69 (step P1119), and if the decision result in the step P1118 is yes (Y), the step P1119 is executed. Step P without
Proceeding to 1120, the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT is decreased by "1". On the other hand, if the decision result in step P1117 is NO (N), the process proceeds to step P1120 without executing steps P1118 and P1119, and decreases the value of the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT by “1”. Therefore, the pickup maximum value data PEAK is the maximum peak value data.
It is equal to the largest value after detecting the pluck of PICKUP.

Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 determines whether or not the value of the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT has reached “7” (Step P1121).
If CKCNT is larger than “7”, the above-described condition of the pluck detection in Step P1121 is not satisfied, and therefore, Step P1123
Then, the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP is held in the register group 69 as the preceding peak value data OPCK. However, if the value of the electromagnetic pickup time control data PCKCNT has reached "7", the condition of the pluck detection has been fulfilled, and the central processing unit 65 proceeds to step P700 to execute the key-on subroutine described later to execute the musical tone. Generate. When the musical tone is thus generated, the central processing unit 65 sets the value of the key-on trigger data ONTRG to "0" (step P1122), and registers the value of the maximum peak value data PICKUP as the preceding peak value data OPCK. It is held in the group 69 to prepare for the subsequent key-on detection (step P1123). Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 returns to the timer interrupt processing routine.

Mute determination subroutine After the key-on detection subroutine ends, the central processing unit 65 that has returned to the timer interrupt processing routine executes the mute determination subroutine (see FIG. 21). That is, the central processing unit 65 reads the mute count data MUTECNT from the register group 69, and
It is determined whether or not the value is “0” (step P1201). The mute count data MUTECNT is set to "50" when the key-on subroutine is executed and the key-on subroutine is executed when the key-on subroutine is executed. have. That is, the determination result of step P1201 is no (N) until a certain time has elapsed after the generation of the musical tone, the value of the mute count data MUTECNT is reduced by "1" (step P1202), and the value of the mute count data MUTECNT is returned again. Is determined to have reached “0” (step P1203). If the value of the mute count data MUTECNT has not yet reached “0”, the central processing unit 65 terminates the execution of the mute determination subroutine and returns to the timer interrupt processing routine. On the other hand, step P120
If the determination result in step 3 is yes (Y), the central processing unit 65 recognizes that the certain period has elapsed, reads the echo level data ECHLVLS from the register 101 (step P1204), and uses this (ECHLVLS) as the reception level data ECHLVL as the level group. 6
9 (step P1205). Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 accesses the reception level data ECHLVL and the mute threshold data MUTE and compares them (step P1).
206), if the value of the reception level data ECHLVL is smaller than the value of the mute threshold data MUTE, the determination result in step P1206 becomes no (N), so the key-off subroutine
Execute P600 to stop the musical sound rapidly. On the other hand, if the decision result in the step P1206 is Yes (Y), it is determined that the mute operation has not been performed by the player, and the process returns to the timer interrupt processing routine without executing the key-off subroutine. During normal plucking, the mute count data is "0", so the answer is yes (Y) in step P1201,
A similar process (P1204 to P1206) is performed to determine whether or not a mute operation has been performed after plucking a string, and determine whether or not to execute a key-off subroutine.

Key-On Subroutine The central processing unit 65 executes the key-on subroutine when it is necessary to generate a musical tone based on the left hand performance during the fret position determination subroutine, or when the repellency detection condition is satisfied during the key-on detection subroutine. In the key-on subroutine, as shown in FIG. 22, the central processing unit 65 outputs the echo level data ECHLVL.
S is read from the register 101 (step P701), and the read echo level data ECHLVLS is sent to the register group 69 to be held as reception level data ECHLVL (step P702). Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 compares the reception level data ECHLVL with the mute threshold data MUTE (step P703), and if the value of the reception level data ECHLVL is larger than the mute threshold MUTE (Y), the central processing unit 65 65 determines that normal sound generation is desired, and causes the register group 69 to hold the pickup maximum value data PEAK as touch data TOUCH (step P704). The value of the pickup maximum value data PEAK is set to the reference value (40 _H ) of the volume data in the left hand performance mode (step P521), but during normal performance, the maximum peak value data PICKUP at the peak of the string vibration is used. They are equal (step P1119). If the value of the reception level data ECHLVL is equal to or less than the value of the mute threshold data MUTE, the central processing unit 65 multiplies the pickup maximum value data PEAK by "0.4" and causes the register group 69 to hold the product as touch data TOUCH (step P705). Therefore, when the player performs a mute operation, the musical sound is emitted with a reduced volume. After execution of Step P705, the central processing unit 65 sets the mute count data to “50” (Step P706), and provides the time for a certain period in the mute determination subroutine.

When the touch data TOUCH used for controlling the volume of the tone generator 73 is set as described above, the central processing unit 6
5 reads the fret number data FRET determined by the fret discriminating subroutine from the register group 69, reads the key code FKCNV (FRET) corresponding to the fret number data FRET from the table 71 based on the fret number data FRET, and reads this key code FKCNV. (FRET) is stored in the register group 69 as fret position corresponding key code data KC (step P707). Subsequently, the central processing unit 65 reads the key code data OKC of the tone currently being generated from the register group 69 and determines whether or not the value is “0” (step P708). If there is a currently sounding tone, step P7
Since the judgment result of 08 is no (N), the tone generator 73 is instructed to stop the tone generation for the tone being generated (step P709). On the other hand, if the decision result in the step P708 is YES (Y), the central processing unit 65 sends the key code data KC corresponding to the fret position and the touch data TOUCH to the tone generator 73 without executing the step P709 to instruct generation of a musical tone. (Step P710). In this way, when the tone generator 73 is instructed to generate a musical tone, the central processing unit 65 sets the key code data KC corresponding to the fret position as the key code data OKC of the musical tone currently being generated in the register group 69.
(Step P711), and thereafter, the process returns to the timer interrupt processing routine or the key-on detection subroutine.

Key-Off Subroutine When execution of the key-off subroutine is requested in the fret determination subroutine or the mute determination subroutine, the central processing unit 66 performs, as shown in FIG.
It is determined whether or not the key code data OKC relating to the tone currently being pronounced is "0" (step P601). If the value of the key code data OKC is "0", generation of the musical tone has already been stopped. Return to the interrupt processing routine. On the other hand, if the decision result in the step P601 is no (N), the tone generator 73 is instructed to stop the sounding of the currently sounding tone indicated by the key code data OKC (step P6).
02).

Key Change Subroutine When execution of the key change subroutine is requested in the fret-specific subroutine, the central processing unit 65 determines whether or not the value of the legato state data LGT is "1" as shown in FIG. A determination is made (step P801). If the result of the determination in step P801 is no (N), it is determined whether or not the value of the key code data OKC relating to the musical tone currently being sounded is "0" (step P802). If the value of the key code data OKC is other than "0", the tone generator 73 is sounding (no (N)), and the central processing unit 65 sets the tone generator
By controlling 73, the generation of the musical tone represented by the key code OKC is stopped (step P803), and in the subsequent step P804, the key code data KC corresponding to the fret position and the touch data TOUCH are supplied to the tone generator 73 to generate the musical tone. Instruct. Accordingly, the tone generator 73 stops the tone that has been sounded up to that point, and outputs the tone having the pitch corresponding to the fret detected in the fret determination subroutine to the touch data.
Generate according to the volume indicated by TOUCH. Thereafter, the central processing unit 65 converts the key code data KC corresponding to the fret position into the key code data
Is stored in the register group 69 (step P805).

On the other hand, if the decision result in the step P801 is Yes (Y),
The central processing unit 65 determines that the control of the tone by the legato playing method (see FIG. 8) is desired, and the central processing unit 65 converts the key code KC corresponding to the fret position and the touch data TOUCH into a tone generator regardless of the presence or absence of the tone being played. This is supplied to 73 to instruct generation of a musical tone (step P806). After that, the central processing unit 65 determines whether or not there is a tone currently being produced by the key code data.
The judgment is made from OKC (step P807). As a result, if there is a tone being generated, the key code data OKC is "0", so the determination result in step P807 is no (N), and the central processing unit 65 stops the generation of the tone represented by the key code data OKC. Instruct (Step P808). If the decision result in the step P807 is YES (Y), or after the completion of the execution of the step P808, the central processing unit 65 stores the key code data KC relating to the musical tone currently sounding the fret position corresponding key code data KC.
Is stored in the register group 69 (step P809). As described above, when a musical tone based on legato performance occurs,
A musical tone having an envelope as shown in FIG. 8D can be generated by preceding the instruction to generate a musical tone for the key code data KC corresponding to the fret position.

The functions realized by the software can be configured by hardware, and the number of strings is not limited to six. Further, in the above embodiment, the mute threshold data MUTE and the echo threshold data THLVL are uniquely determined from the reception level data ECHLVL, but may be set by the player before the start of the performance or during the performance. Further, the number of times of reading data in the bend sensor initial setting subroutine, the echo level initial setting subroutine, and the fret position calculation subroutine is not limited to “16”, but can be set to an arbitrary number.
The touch data TOUCH is the pickup maximum value data P
The EAK may be set to a converted value, and the left limit value and the right limit value do not need to be set for each fret unless the width of the neck portion changes significantly. The key code corresponding to the fret is not limited to the embodiment, and the player may associate each key independently.

The information processing unit (including the central processing unit) tone generator 73 and the like may be instructed to the body of the electronic stringed instrument, or may be separate from the body. When the tone generator 73 is controlled by MIDI, for example, the following initial settings are required. In other words, receive MONO mode, channel independent control including pitch bend, however,
Since these settings are very troublesome, it is preferable to automatically set them by software when the power is turned on. Further, the generation of the ultrasonic wave and the reception of the echo may be shared by separate piezoelectric elements. Further, not only a musical instrument such as a guitar that detects a plucked string, but also a musical instrument such as a violin using a bowed string may be used.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram corresponding to claims of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of a part of an interface, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a timing chart for explaining the operation of the circuit shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing another part of the interface in detail, and FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing another part of the interface in detail. 7 (A) to 7 (C) are operation explanatory diagrams showing the relationship between the bend amount and the bend data, FIG. 8 is a waveform diagram showing an envelope during legato playing, and FIG. 9 is a selectable bend curve. Graph, FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a main routine of one embodiment, FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a timer interrupt processing routine, and FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a bend sensor initialization subroutine. , FIG. 13 is a flowchart of an echo level initialization subroutine, FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a fret position calculation subroutine, FIG. 15 is a layout diagram of the fret, FIG. 16 is a flowchart of a fret determination subroutine, FIG. FIG. 18 is a flowchart of a bend playing style determination subroutine, FIG. 18 is a flowchart of a pitch change data calculation subroutine, FIG. 19 is a plan view of a neck portion for explaining a virtual bend amount, FIG. 20 is a flowchart of a key-on detection subroutine, FIG. FIG. 22 is a flowchart of a mute determination subroutine, FIG. 22 is a flowchart of a key-on subroutine, FIG. 23 is a flowchart of a key-off subroutine, and FIG. 24 is a flowchart of a key-change subroutine. 1 ... instrument body, 2 ... strings,

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] A string stretched over a main body of a musical instrument, operation data generating means for generating operation data corresponding to a pressed position of the string, and a plurality of correspondence data each representing an operation position corresponding to a pitch. By comparing the operation data with a plurality of corresponding data,
Determining means for determining whether the pressed position of the string is any of the plurality of operation positions represented by the corresponding data; and generating a plurality of operation data by the operation data generating means, based on each of the generated operation data. Determining means for determining whether or not the plurality of operation positions determined by the determining means are the same; and a sound generating pitch data corresponding to the operating position when the determining means determines that the plurality of operation positions are the same a plurality of times. An electronic stringed musical instrument comprising: high data generating means; 2. An operation data generating step of generating operation data corresponding to a pressed position of a string, and a plurality of operation data generated in the operation data generating step, each of which represents a plurality of operation positions of the string for different pitches. A determination step of determining whether the pressed position of the string is any of the plurality of operation positions indicated by the corresponding data by comparing the corresponding data with the corresponding data; and, at the pressed position of the string, the operation data generating step. Repeating the determining step a plurality of times; determining, as a result of the repetition, whether the plurality of operation positions determined by the determining step are the same; and determining that the operating positions are multiple times by the determining step. A pitch data generating step of generating pitch data corresponding to the operation position when it is determined that they are the same; A method for generating pitch data of an electronic stringed instrument, comprising: