JP2697950B2 - Imitation welding machine - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an automatic copy welding machine, and more particularly, to a method of driving a carriage provided with a carriage that supports a welding torch and is movably mounted on a guide bar. The present invention relates to an automatic copying welding machine for copying a welding torch to a welding line.

[Conventional technology]

Attach the welding rod holder to the guide bar inclined to the horizontal plane so that it can slide down, apply the tip of the welding rod to the welding line, and automatically perform welding along the welding line by sliding down by the gravity of the welding rod holder. An automatic profile welding method is known (for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 46-35221). In this welding method, the welding rod and the guide bar, whose tips contact the welding material, support the welding rod holder, and the welding rod holder descends along the guide bar as the welding rod is consumed by the progress of welding. This welding method is characterized in that the structure of the welding machine is very simple and the operation of the operator is simple.

On the other hand, a bogie is provided with at least two axial drive systems, such as a mechanism for driving a welding torch holder in a direction orthogonal to a welding line and a mechanism for driving a bogie on which the welding torch holder is mounted in a direction parallel to the welding line. There is a so-called robot welding machine which makes the welding torch follow the welding line by self-running (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 51-23389).

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the automatic profiling using the above-mentioned gravity downhill, the welding rod supports the component of the gravity applied to the welding rod holder in the direction of the welding rod. On the other hand, the welding rod holder slides down a large amount and the welding quality is easily disturbed.In addition, the welding rod holger reaches the end of sliding down before welding of the required part is completed. However, when the welding is started, the welding rod self-heats (burns in the rod) due to the Joule heat caused by the welding current and rapidly bends, and the above problem is further increased. Therefore, a very thin welding rod cannot be used, and this welding method cannot be applied to fillet welding with a small leg length from this surface. Also, the welding rod cannot be too long (usually
(Within 55 cm), the number of bar splicing increases, and the welding efficiency decreases. A bar splice appears due to the bar splicing, and since the shape becomes large, a post-processing operation such as a grinder shaping is required.

Since the robot welding machine described above has a complicated mechanism and a large shape of the welding machine, it is difficult to transport and operate the robot welding machine. Also, the price of the welding machine is high. Furthermore, since a welding residue is generated at a welding start portion and an end portion, a post-processing operation is also required.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic copying welding machine which can reduce the frequency of bar splicing, has a relatively simple structure, is easy to handle, and can be manufactured at a relatively low price.

[Means for solving the problem]

The copy welding machine of the present invention comprises a guide bar (10); a carriage (16) mounted on the guide bar (10) so as to be movable in a direction in which the guide bar (10) extends and rotatable about the guide bar (10). Drive means (110, 111, 112) for driving the carriage (16) in the direction of extension of the guide bar (10);
A leg member (8) extending in a direction intersecting the guide bar (10) and movably mounted on the carriage (16) in the direction.
2); and a copying member (104, 104a, 104b) and a welding torch (100) attached to the lower end of the leg member (82).

The symbols in parentheses indicate corresponding elements of the embodiment described later with reference to the drawings.

[Action]

According to this, the carriage (16) is connected to the guide bar (10).
The guide bar (10) is movable in the direction in which it extends.
And the leg member (82) is movable in the direction crossing the guide bar (10) with respect to the carriage (16), and the copying roller ( 104) and the welding torch (100) are attached, and the copying roller (104) is attached to both the horizontal member (107) and the vertical member (108) of the welding target members (107, 108) at two points (A, B). ), And the scanning roller (104) is moved by the horizontal member (107) and the vertical member (10).
8) is forced to follow the weld line where they intersect. The welding wire or rod does not need to support the carriage (16), and all problems associated with conventional welding rod thickness and length, as well as bar burns, etc. are solved.

Therefore, even if the guide bar (10) is slightly deviated from the welding line, or if the welding line has irregularities, the copying roller (104) does not deviate from the welding line, thus enabling stable welding.

Further, since the welding wire is fed to the welding torch (100), the possible welding length is determined by the length of the guide bar (10), not by the welding wire. As described above, the distance between the guide bar (10) and the welding line is such that the leg roller (82) is movable with respect to the carriage (16), so that the copying roller (104) can be moved from the welding line even if the distance is slightly shifted. Since there is no problem even if a seam is formed on the guide bar (10) without coming off, another guide bar can be connected to the guide bar (10), or the guide bar (10) can be extended and contracted. Therefore, the length of one welding can be significantly increased.

Further, since the driving means (110, 111, 112) is a so-called uniaxial driving mechanism, the addition of mechanical elements is small, the structure of the welding machine is relatively simple, and the transport and use operations thereof are relatively simple. The price can be relatively low.

Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the drawings.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 shows the appearance of one embodiment of the present invention. Support legs 12 and 14 are fixed to both ends of the guide bar 10, respectively.By adjusting the height of the support legs 12 and 14,
The height of the guide bar 10 and the inclination with respect to the horizontal plane can be adjusted. Fig. 1 shows the guide bar 10
Are shown in parallel. A guide frame 18 is connected to the guide bar 10. Carriage on guide frame 18
16 is fixed.

In the carriage 16, in a direction crossing the guide bar 10,
A leg rod 82 is supported so as to be vertically movable. The inside of the carriage 16 is shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b. The carriage 16 has
Four pins 20, 23, 26 and 29 are arranged parallel to the guide bar 10 (in the left-right direction of the carriage 16) and the side faces 16 a and 16 of the carriage 16.
Four pins 32, 34, 36, and 38 are mounted on the side surfaces 16a, 16b in parallel with the horizontal direction of b (the front-rear direction of the carriage 16). Two guide rollers 21 and 22 are mounted on the pin 20, and the guide rollers 21 and 22 are in contact with the leg bars 82. Two guide rollers 24 and 25 are mounted on the pin 23, and the guide rollers 24 and 25 are in contact with the leg bars 82. One guide roller 33 is mounted on the pin 32, and the guide roller 33 is in contact with the leg rod 82. One guide roller 35 is mounted on the pin 34, and the guide roller 35 is in contact with the leg rod 82. In addition, guide roller 3
As shown in FIG. 2b, portions of the guide rollers 33 and 35 are exposed from the side surfaces 16a and 16b because the side surfaces 16a and 16b are filled with holes. These guide rollers 21, 22, 24, 25, 33 and 35 sandwich the leg 82 at the top of the carriage 16 therebetween. Similarly, the pin 26 has two guide rollers.
27 and 28, two guide rollers 30 and 31 are mounted on the pin 29, one guide roller 37 is mounted on the pin 36, and one guide roller 39 is mounted on the pin 38, respectively. Yes,
These guide rollers 27, 28, 30, 31, 37 and 39
The abutment 82 abuts the leg rod 82 at the lower portion of the carriage 16 therebetween. As shown in FIG. 2b, a pair of six guide rollers 21, 22, 24, 25, 33 and 35
And a pair of guide rollers also supported by six
27, 28, 30, 31, 37 and 39 support the legs 82 at the bottom of the carriage 16 so that the legs 82
It does not substantially move in the left-right direction and the front-back direction, but can move freely in the up-down direction with respect to the carriage 16.

Next, a state in which the guide frame 18 is removed from the carriage 16 is shown in FIG. Inside the guide frame 18 are three pins 40, 50, 46
Is fixed. The pin 46 is rotatably mounted on the guide frame 18 via a bearing. A flanged roller 42 is mounted on the pin 40 via a bearing, and a gear 44 is fixed to the flanged roller 42. Gear on pin 46
A gear 48 is fixed, and the gear 48 meshes with the gear 44. A flanged roller 52 is mounted on the pin 50 via a bearing. A gear 54 is fixed to the flanged roller 52 and meshes with the gear 48. Since the gears 44 and 54 have the same number of teeth, the gears 44 and 54 rotate at the same speed.

The pin 56 passes through the rotating arm 58 and the rotating arm 58
Is rotatable about a pin 56. A pin 60 is fixed to the rotating arm 58, and a flanged roller 62 is mounted on the pin 60 via a bearing. A pin 64 is mounted on the guide frame 18 so as to be rotatable, and a screw base 66 is rotatably connected to the pin 64. The lower end of the male screw 58 is fixed to the screw base. The male screw 68 passes through a U-shaped opening at the free end of the rotating arm 58 and penetrates the washer 70 and the compression coil spring 72, and at its upper end,
Adjustment knob 74 that contacts the end face of compression coil spring 72
Is screwed.

Small-diameter drum peripheral surface of brim rollers 42 and 52 and brim roller
The guide bar 10 is located between the 62 small-diameter trunk circumferential surfaces. The small-diameter drum peripheral surfaces of the flanged rollers 42 and 52, that is, the surfaces on which the guide bar 10 abuts are rubber coating layers in order to eliminate slippage with the guide bar 10, but the small-diameter drum peripheral surfaces of the flanged rollers 62 are made of metal. It is.

By turning the adjustment knob 74 clockwise and tightening, the free end of the rotating arm 58 is pushed upward in FIG. 3 via the compression coil spring 72, and the rotating arm 58 is turned counterclockwise in FIG. , The brim roller 62 abuts on the guide bar 10 and pushes the guide bar 10 toward the brim rollers 42, 52, and the guide bar 10 also makes contact with the brim rollers 42, 52. By continuing to tighten the adjustment knob 74, the compression coil spring 72 is compressed, the rubber coating of the small-diameter cylinder of the flanged rollers 42, 52 is compressed, and the pressure contact between the flanged rollers 42, 52 and the guide bar 10 is performed. The force (frictional force) increases. This pressing force is changed by turning the adjustment knob 74 clockwise or counterclockwise A1. The adjustment knob 74 reduces the pressure contact force so that the flanged rollers 42, 52 do not slide on the guide bar 10 and that the flanged rollers 42, 52 slip on the guide bar 10 when the motor 112 is energized. As a result, the guide frame 18 is fed to the left or right of the guide bar 10.
At this time, the adjustment knob 74 is adjusted to such an extent that the motor load due to the pressing force does not become excessive.

The output shaft 109 of the speed reducer 110 is connected to the pin 46,
Since the rotating shaft of the DC motor 112 is coupled to the input shaft of the speed reducer 110, when the DC motor 112 rotates forward, the pin 46 and the gear 48 fixed thereto rotate clockwise in FIG. 44 and 54 rotate counterclockwise to apply a leftward driving force in the guide frame 18 to the guide bar 10 by the flanged rollers 42 and 52, and apply an appropriate pressing force to the guide bar 10 by the adjustment knob 74. Roller 4
The guide frame 18 is moved to the left with respect to the guide bar 10 by the frictional force between the guide bar 10 and the
The carriage 16 fixed to 18 is also driven to the left at the same time.

Therefore, when the DC motor 112 is rotated forward,
The carriage 16 supporting the legs 82 at a speed proportional to the rotation speed of the guide bar 10 moves leftward relative to the guide bar 10 at a speed proportional to the speed.
104 moves while rotating from right to left in FIG. 1 along the weld line of the fillet weld between the horizontal member 107 to be welded and the web 108 temporarily welded thereto. The reduction gear 110 is equipped with a manual clutch 111, and the connection of the rotation shaft of the DC motor 112 to the input shaft of the reduction gear 110 can be disconnected by lever operation.

When the DC motor 112 rotates in the reverse direction, the guide frame 18 moves to the right with respect to the guide bar 10, whereby the carriage 16 fixed to the guide frame 18 and supporting the leg rod 82 is also simultaneously driven to the right. The lower copying roller 104 moves while rotating from left to right in FIG. 1 along the welding line of the fillet weld.

When the DC motor 112 stops, the speed reducer 110 and the motor
The guide frame 18 cannot move leftward or rightward with respect to the guide bar 10 because the reduction gear 110 acts as a brake or a stopper for stopping and restraining the gear 48 when 112 becomes a large load. This means that, for example, even if the guide bar 10 is not parallel to the horizontal
Do not move against 10.

In addition, since the cylindrical guide bar 10 is supported by the small-diameter drum peripheral surfaces of the flanged rollers 42 and 52 and the small-diameter drum peripheral surface of the flanged roller 62 as described above, the adjustment knob 74 is rotated counterclockwise. When loosened, the pressing force (frictional force) between the brim rollers 42, 52 and the guide bar 10 decreases, so that the guide frame 18 can be rotated around the guide bar 10,
By tightening the adjustment knob 74, the guide frame 18 can be supported in a predetermined rotation direction. The carriage 16 supporting the leg rod 82 is fixed to the guide frame 18 as described above,
Since the copying roller 104 is attached to the lower portion of the leg rod 82, as shown in FIG. 4, the copying roller 104 is attached to the horizontal member 107 to be welded and the web 108 temporarily welded thereto by two points (A , B) at an angle (the angle θ from the horizontal member 107, the angle δ from the web 108, 0 <θ <90, δ = 90−
θ). This allows the copying roller 104 to be along the welding line of the fillet weld between the horizontal member 107 and the web 108 temporarily welded thereto. Preferably, the angle (θ = δ = 4) at which the two points (A, B) equally support the component force of the gravity applied to the carriage 16 and the like in the direction of the leg 82.
In the case of 5), the copying roller 104 is more stable with respect to the welding line.

Also, as described above, the copying roller 104 and the torch 100
Can be freely moved vertically with respect to the carriage 16 with respect to the carriage 16, so that, for example, the guide bar 10
Is slightly deviated from the state parallel to the welding line, or even when the welding line has irregularities, the copying roller 104 is always pressed along the welding line.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the angle of the copying roller 104 with respect to the welding line is set to 2 to 5 degrees.

The lower part of the leg rod 82 is shown in FIG. A U-shaped torch guide frame 84 and wheel legs 102 are fixed to the lower end of the leg rod 82, and a copying roller 104 is rotatably mounted on the wheel legs 102. Further, a shield plate 106 for preventing welding spatter from being applied to the copying roller 104 is fixed to the wheel leg 102. Two guide bars 88 and 90 are fixed to the torch guide frame 84, and one screw rod 92 is rotatably connected thereto. The guide bars 88 and 90 pass through two holes formed in a protruding piece (not shown) of the torch support 86 that has entered the U-shaped guide frame 84, and the screw rod 92 is connected to the protruding piece. Screwed into the female screw hole. A knob 94 is fixed to the screw rod 92. Knob 94 with arrow A3
The torch support 86 moves in the direction of the arrow A4 with respect to the guide frame 84 (the leg rod 82) by turning in the direction.

A torch holder 96 for supporting the welding torch 100 is fixed to the torch support 86.

The heads of the screw rods 98, 99 are engaged with one of the two opposing tightening plate portions of the torch support 86 so as not to rotate with respect to the screw rod 86, and the other hole is inserted into these screw rods. 98 and 99 are penetrated, and a wing nut (not shown) is screwed into each of the threaded portions.

The torch holder 96 is fixed to the torch support 86 by tightening these wing nuts. By loosening those wing nuts, the torch holder against the torch support 86
96 can be adjusted up and down in the direction of arrow A5.

The welding torch 100 moves the scanning roller 1 in the welding direction.
It can be used either in front of or behind 04, but copying rollers
It is preferable to install the welding torch 100 behind the copying roller 104 in order to prevent welding spatter from being applied to the copying roller 104 by the form and mechanism of 104.

FIG. 1 is referred to again. Operation panel 114 on carriage 16
A power switch (not shown), a potentiometer 130 having an adjustment knob for designating a welding speed, a test start switch 132, a welding start switch 134, and a stop switch 116 are mounted on the operation panel 114.

Inside the operation panel 114, a DC motor 112 is connected to a potentiometer
A driver for the DC motor 112 that energizes the motor in the forward direction at the speed specified by 130, a shield gas supply valve, a valve driver,
Instructs the valve driver and motor driver (the above two sets) to open the valve and energize the motor until the stop switch 116 is opened after the welding power supply, the driver for the wire feed / supply motor, and the welding start switch 134 are turned on once. And turn on the welding power source, and start the test
A welding control circuit for instructing only the driver for the motor 112 to energize the motor and the like are stored from the time when the switch 132 is turned on to the time when the stop switch 116 is opened.

The welding torch 100 is supplied with a welding wire (solid wire or flux-cored wire) from a wire spool 124 mounted on a suspension stand 126 via a wire feeding device 122, and a shielding gas inside the operation panel 114. Shield gas (CO ₂ ) is supplied through a supply valve.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 118 denotes an electric cord, and 120 denotes a tube for guiding a wire and a shielding gas.

The stop switch 116 is a normally-closed switch, and switches from a closed state to an open state when the most advanced button is pressed. The switch 116 is connected to a signal contact connected to the above-described welding control circuit for generating a signal indicating the opening and closing of the switch, a welding power source, and the motor 11.
And a power contact inserted in the power line to the wire feed motor and valve driver. When the most advanced button is pressed, the signal contact changes from closed to open and responds Then, the welding control circuit instructs the valve driver and the motor driver (the two sets described above) to close the valve and stop the energization of the motor, and disconnects the power line from the power supply (118) regardless of the operation of the welding control circuit.

On the guide bar 10, a striker 127 having a flange to which the leading edge button of the stop switch 116 contacts when the carriage 16 moves is slidably mounted on the guide bar 10 in a direction in which it extends.

By loosening a screw (not shown) screwed into the striker 127, the striker 127 can slide with respect to the guide bar 10.

The striker 127 is fixed to the guide bar 10 by tightening the screw.

When using the welding machine of the embodiment described above,
As shown in FIG. 1, the support rollers 12, 14 are placed on the horizontal member 107 or the floor to be welded, and the copying roller 104 is moved to the horizontal member 10.
The manual clutch 111 is disengaged, and the welding torch 100 is moved to the welding end point in contact with a corner between the web 7 and the web 108 attached thereto. Therefore, the position of the striker 127 is determined to the position where the button of the stop switch 116 is pressed most deeply. When the position adjustment of the striker 127 is substantially omitted, the carriage 16 is moved until the button of the stop switch 116 is pressed the deepest, and the support legs 12, 14 are moved in a state where the button is pressed the deepest. Is positioned at the end of the fillet weld.

Next, the adjustment knob 74 is loosened to allow the carriage 16 to rotate freely with respect to the guide bar 10, and the two points (A, B) of the copying roller 104 sufficiently contact the horizontal plane 107 and the web 108 as shown in FIG. Carriage 16 so that the angle θ
And tighten adjustment knob 74.

Then, the carriage 16 is moved along the guide bar 10 to move the welding torch 100 to the start point of the fillet welding. At this time, when the copying roller 104 is displaced from the corner between the horizontal member 107 and the web 108, the support leg 14 is displaced toward the web 108 side. When the welding torch 100 is placed at the starting point of the fillet welding, the manual clutch 111 is returned. As a result, the copying roller 104 does not move, and the welding torch 1
00 is the starting point of the fillet welding. In this state, when checking the welding trajectory of the copying roller 104, the welding end point, and / or the welding speed in advance, the operator closes the test start switch 134 once. Then, the motor 112 rotates forward at the speed specified by the potentiometer 130, the carriage 16 moves along the guide bar 10 at a speed proportional to this speed, and the copying roller 104 moves along the corner of the horizontal member 107 and the web 108. Moving. Stop switch 116 is striker 127
, The motor 112 stops there. Then, the operator releases the manual clutch 111, moves the carriage 16 to the welding start position, and returns the manual clutch 111 to the original position.

With the above operation, the operator can confirm the positioning of the welding machine and the automatic copying operation.

When the operator sets the welding machine to the welding start position as described above and closes the welding start switch 132 once, welding is started, and the copying roller 104 moves along the corner between the horizontal member 107 and the web 108 to be welded. Then, it moves at a speed set by the potentiometer 130 and performs fillet welding. Welding torch 100
When reaches the welding end point, the stop switch 116 hits the striker 127 and welding stops.

The copying roller 104 may be a collar roller 104a as shown in FIG. 7a, or may be a copying roller as shown in FIG. 7b.
Instead of 104, the free bearing 104b may always be aimed at the fillet corner.

As shown in FIG. 8, the guide bar 10 is supported by leg fixing tools 12a, 14a instead of the support legs 12, 14, and fixing screws 12b, 14b are provided.
Alternatively, it may be attached to the flange FLa or the flange FLb on the web 108 to be welded by a magnet mechanism. Also,
The guide bar 10 may be suspended and supported.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, the guide bar (10) and the carriage (1
6) and the leg member (82), the copying roller (104) comes into contact with both the horizontal member (107) and the vertical member (108) of the welding target members (107, 108) at two points (A, B), Copy roller (10
4) is forced to follow the weld line where the horizontal member (107) and the vertical member (108) intersect.

This eliminates the need for the contact wire or the welding rod to support the carriage (16), and all problems associated with the conventional welding rod thickness and length, as well as bar burning, etc., are solved. Further, the length of one welding can be significantly increased. Further, since the driving means (110, 111, 112) is a so-called uniaxial driving mechanism, the addition of mechanical elements is small, the structure of the welding machine is relatively simple, and the transport and use operations thereof are relatively simple. The price can be relatively low.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2a is an enlarged perspective view showing the relationship between the carriage 16 and the leg rod 82 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2b is an enlarged side view thereof. FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view showing the internal structure of the guide frame 18 shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged side view of the carriage 16, the copying roller 104, and the like shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the guide frame 84, the copying roller 104, and the like shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the relationship of the angle of the copying roller 104 shown in FIG. 1 with respect to the welding line. FIG. 7a shows the scanning roller 104 shown in FIG.
04a and FIG. 7b are enlarged perspective views when the free bearings 104b are replaced respectively. FIG. 8 shows the support legs 12 and 14 shown in FIG.
It is a perspective view when replacing it. 10: Guide bar, 12, 14: Support leg 12a, 14a: Leg fixing device, 12b, 14b: Fixing screw 16: Carriage, 18: Guide frame 20, 23, 26, 29, 32, 34, 36, 38: Pin 21,22,24,25,27,28: Guide rollers 30,31,33,35,37,39: Guide rollers 40: Pin, 42: Roller roller 44: Gear, 46: Pin 48: Gear, 50: Pin 52: Collar roller, 54: Gear 56: Pin, 58: Rotating arm 60: Pin, 62: Collar roller 64: Pin, 66: Screw seat 68: Screw bar, 70: Washer 72: Compression coil spring, 74: Adjustment knob 82: Leg bar (leg member), 84: Guide frame 86: Torch support, 88, 90: Pin 92: Screw bar, 94: Knob 96: Torch holder, 98, 99: Screw bar 100: Welding torch , 102: Wheel leg 104: Copying roller (copying member), 104a: Collared roller (copying member) 104b: Free bearing (copying member) 106: Shielding plate, 107: Horizontal member 108: Web, 109: Output shaft 110: Reduction gear, 111: manual clutch 112: motor, (110, 111, 112: drive means) 114: operation panel, 116: stop Switch 118: electric cord, 120: tube 122: wire feeder, 124: wire spool 126: suspension stand, 127: striker 130: potentiometer, 134: welding start switch FLa, FLb: flange

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] A guide bar mounted movably on the guide bar in the direction in which it extends and rotatably about the guide bar; and driving the carriage in the direction in which the guide bar extends. A drive member extending in a direction intersecting with the guide bar and mounted on the carriage so as to be movable in the direction; and a copying member and a welding torch mounted on a lower end portion of the leg member. Imitation welding machine.