JP2694796B2 - Information processing apparatus and its virtual memory operating system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an information processing apparatus and its virtual memory operating system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, a virtual storage system manages the main storage device and the auxiliary storage device in cooperation with each other in consideration of the locality of processing, so that the reference speed of the main storage device and the auxiliary storage device can be controlled. This is a technique for realizing an equivalent storage device having a storage capacity.

In an information processing system adopting a virtual memory system, particularly a paging system, there is no page frame space in the main memory during execution of processing, and a new page is paged in from the auxiliary memory to the main memory. When it becomes necessary, one of the pages must be paged out from the main storage device to the auxiliary storage device to create an empty page frame.

As a page-out procedure at that time, an LRU (Reast Restore) for saving a page that has not been used recently is saved.
acently Used) method, a FIFO (First In First Out) method of saving the first used page, a random method of saving at random, and a method that can be selected from among them as needed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. -6514
No. 1), a reference bit string is defined in the page directory, bit shift is performed at regular time intervals, and when there is a reference, it is recorded in the latest bit so that the reference history can be known. No. 52-126137)
Etc. are known.

A disk redundant array is a technique in which a plurality of disk devices are redundantly organized so that when a disk device fails, the data of a failed disk device can be restored from the data of a normal disk device. is there. The failed disk device has an ECC (Error Checking and Correcting) stored in each sector of the disk device.
ng code) etc., the data of the failed disk device is restored by creating the parity of the normal disk device. RAID (Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive)
Disks) 1 to RAID 5 are defined (Nikkei Computer No. 1992.3.9 “Disk array which is being commercialized for popularization”). Among them, RAID 3 is a method of dividing one data of the system bus and its parity and storing them in the pre-configured disk device and is suitable for sequential processing.

RAID 6 is a method for recording one data on the system bus in one data dedicated disk device, and is suitable for random processing. The RAID 4 reads the parity created from the data recorded in the plurality of data dedicated disk devices, the parity of the parity dedicated disk device, and changes the data and the parity with respect to the bit for which the data has been changed.

Further, RAID5 is a development of RAID4, which enables parallel writing of a plurality of data by changing the parity disk device for each sector.

[0008]

However, in this conventional virtual memory system, it is premised that the auxiliary memory device has a structure without redundancy, and the data replacement algorithm of the main memory device and the auxiliary memory device is page out. The case where the usage efficiency of the auxiliary storage device changes depending on the order is not considered.

On the other hand, the conventional RAID 5 manages only parallel processing of the incoming write data, and accepts that parallel writing may not be possible due to the bias of the incoming data.

The information processing apparatus of the present invention comprises a system bus, a central processing unit, a main memory unit and an auxiliary memory unit, and the auxiliary memory unit is a disk redundant array in which a plurality of disk units are constituted by a RAID5 system. The system is an information processing apparatus that manages storage by a paging method, and a control unit of the auxiliary storage unit defines a register for designating a disk device that is a part of the disk redundant array in an access wait state. In the page directory managed by, a bid string for designating the disk device in which a slot corresponding to each page frame exists is defined, and a swapper, which is a component of the operating system, stores the contents of the register and the page directory in the page directory. Collating the bit string It characterized by their ability to detect immediately disc retractable page frame. A virtual memory operating system of the present invention is a virtual operating system for controlling the above-mentioned information processing device, and a page frame in use as a queue for the swapper to search for a page frame that can be paged in or paged out. In addition to the queue and the available page frame queue, the scheduled page frame queue for evacuation is defined, and the spapper stores the scheduled page frame for evacuation in the reserved page frame queue reserved from the in-use page frame queue. It is characterized in that it has means for defining, selecting a page frame that can be immediately saved from the scheduled page frame queue for saving, and designating the saved page frame as an available page.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is an information processing system 1 which is an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the main components of the above in a tree system, which is configured by an information processing device 2, an operating system 15, and an application 30.

The information processing device 2 has a system bus 3, a central processing unit 4, a main memory 5 and an auxiliary memory 6. A page frame 31 is expanded in the main memory 5, and a page slot 35 is expanded in the auxiliary memory 6.

The auxiliary storage 6 is a RAID 5 type disk redundant array consisting of a control unit 7 and a storage unit 13, the control unit 7 has a dormant disk device instruction register 12, and the buffer storage device 10 has an input / output command queue. 28 and the input / output data queue 36 are expanded. The storage unit 13 has a plurality of disk devices 14.

The operating system 15 has a kernel 16 and a utility 29, and the kernel 16 has a job management file 17, a task management file 18 and a data management file 19. Data management file 19
Has a swapper 20, a page directory 21, and an input / output command queue 28.

Presence bit 2 in page directory 21
2, valid bit 23, reference bit 24, change bit 25
The disk device instruction bit 26 and the page address 27 are defined. The page frame 31 is classified into an in-use frame queue 32, an available frame queue 33, and an evacuation schedule frame queue 34 according to the contents of the corresponding page directory 21. The disk device instruction bit 26 and the evacuation schedule slot queue 34 are characteristically defined in this patent together with the dormant disk device instruction register 12.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the information processing device 2. The system bus 3 connects the central processing unit 4, the main storage unit 5 and the auxiliary storage unit 6 and controls the main data transfer path of the information processing unit 2. The central processing unit 4 performs basic processing of the information processing apparatus 2 according to commands from the operating system 15 and the application 30 installed in the main storage device 5. The main storage device 5 forms a physical storage space and exchanges data with the auxiliary storage device 6 in page units. Auxiliary storage device 6
In the present invention, it is assumed that the disk redundant array of RAID5 system is used.

The local bus 8 connects the input / output processing device 9, the buffer storage device 10, the disk device 11, and the inactive disk device instruction register 12, and controls the main data transfer path of the control unit 7.

The input / output processing device 9 performs basic processing of the auxiliary storage device 6, and also DMA (Dynamic Memory Acces) without interposing the central processing device 4 between the main storage device 5 and the auxiliary storage device 6.
s) Control the transfer.

The buffer storage device 10 has an input / output command queue 28 for communicating between the main storage device 5 and the input / output device 5.
Then, an input / output data queue 36 for allowing a difference in transfer timing between the main storage device 5 and the storage unit 13 is developed.

The disk controller 11 is a disk device 14
And issues a transfer end interrupt to the input / output processing device 9. A bit string consisting of the number of bits corresponding to the number of disk devices 14 is described in the inactive disk device instruction register 12, and the disk device 14 in the waiting state for new access is instructed.

The kernel 16 is an input / output command queue 28
It manages the transfer end interrupt issued by the disk controller 11 and sequentially updates the inactive disk instruction register 12. The storage unit 13 redundantly organizes the disk device 14 in preparation for a failure.

FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the page directory 21. The page directory 21 describes the status, attributes, protection level, etc. of each page. The existence bit 22, valid bit 23, reference bit 24, change bit 25, disk device instruction bit 26, and page address 27 are defined. There is. The presence bit 22 indicates that the corresponding page is loaded in the page frame 31, and the valid bit 23
Indicates that the corresponding page is valid as data.

The reference bit 24 indicates that the corresponding page has been recently referenced, the change bit 25 indicates the disk device 14 in which the page slot 35 of the corresponding page exists, and the page address 27 is the logical address of the corresponding page. Indicates.

FIG. 4 shows the data replacement algorithm of the swapper 20. The swapper 20 uses the LRU procedure to store data in the main memory 5 in preparation for a page fault.
Condition from the in-use frame queue 32 of the existing page frame 31
Whether the central processing unit 4 has recently referred to 101
Page out to disk device 14
Choose what can be an elephant. Condition 102
The page frame selected in case 101 is in the disk device 14
Has the corresponding page slot been rewritten?
If it is not rewritten, the page is
The page frame is not included in the page out in process 103.
Wait for the release. Page frame released in process 104
The page slot 35 in the disk device 4
It will be reused as a frame when it is downloaded. Condition 102
And the page frame that was determined to have been rewritten
It becomes the target of page out. Subject to page out
Page frame indicates a disc that can be paged out
Disk device instruction bit 26 (S) and disk in rest
Inactive disk unit instruction register 12 (F)
If a disc that can be paged out is found,
If it is not found, page out will be performed.
It is returned to the queue once.

The swapper 20 collates the inactive disk device instruction register 12 with the disk device instruction bit 26 of the evacuation schedule frame queue 34 to save an appropriate page. When the central processing unit 4 refers to the logical storage space according to a command from the utility 29 or the application 30,
The kernel 16 retrieves the corresponding page from the in-use frame queue 32 and the available frame queue 33, and issues a page fault if it does not exist. If the relevant page exists in the evacuation schedule frame queue 34, the corresponding page frame 3
Redefine 1 in the busy slot queue 32.

[0026]

As a result of the adoption of the configuration as described above, the present invention provides a virtual storage type information processing apparatus realized by an information processing system employing a RAID5 disk redundant array as an auxiliary storage apparatus . Data replacement men
The disk mechanism instruction register and the disk device
By incorporating a mechanism that compares the position indication bits,
There is an effect that a free disk can be selected and page-out can be performed, and page-out parallelization and improvement of usage efficiency of the auxiliary storage device can be realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a main configuration diagram of an information processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a connection diagram of the information processing apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a page directory shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the swapper shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Information processing system 2 Information processing device 3 System bus 4 Central processing unit 5 Main storage device 6 Auxiliary storage device 7 Control unit 8 Local bus 9 Input / output processing device 10 Buffer storage device 11 Disk control device 12 Inactive disk device instruction register ( F) 13 storage unit 14 disk device 15 operating system 16 kernel 17 job management file 18 task management file 19 data management file 20 swapper 21 page directory 22 existence bit (P) 23 valid bit (V) 24 reference bit (A) 25 change Bit (D) 26 Disk device instruction bit (S) 27 Page address 28 Input / output command queue 29 Utility 30 Application 31 Page frame 32 Busy frame queue 33 Usable frame queue 34 Evacuation schedule wait Chi queue 35 page slots 36 I / O data queue

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A system bus, a central processing unit, a main storage unit, and an auxiliary storage unit, the auxiliary storage unit is a disk redundant array in which a plurality of disks are configured by a RAID5 system, and the operating system stores by a paging system. In the information processing device for management, the control part of the auxiliary storage device stores the disk redundancy in the access waiting state.
A register for designating a disk device that is a part of the long array is defined, and a bit string that designates the disk device having a slot corresponding to each page frame is defined in the page directory managed by the operating system. The information processing apparatus is characterized in that the swapper, which is a constituent element of the operating system, can detect the page frame in which the disk can be immediately saved by collating the content of the register with the bit string in the page directory. 2. A temporary control for controlling the information processing apparatus according to claim 1.
A memory storage operating system, which is a queue for the swapper to search for page frames that can be paged in or out, in addition to the used page frame queue, the available page frame queue, and the page frame queue to be saved. Is defined, the swapper defines the evacuation scheduled page frame in the evacuation scheduled page frame queue secured from the in-use page frame queue, and the page frame that can be immediately saved from the evacuation scheduled page frame queue is defined. selected, and characterized in that it has means for specifying enables the saved page frame page
Virtual memory operating system.