JP2690746B2 - Method of operating combustion device having two or more series of combustion furnaces - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method of operating a combustion apparatus in which two or more series of combustion furnaces are simultaneously operated, and in particular, the quality of the operating state of each series is evaluated to obtain the best result. The present invention relates to an operating method of a combustion apparatus having two or more series of combustion furnaces, which performs good operation by shifting an operating condition of one series to another series.

[Conventional technology]

Among the combustion furnaces, a dust incinerator in which the property of fuel varies greatly will be described as an example. Incinerators for municipal solid waste are roughly classified into total continuous type, quasi-continuous type, mechanized batch combustion type, and fixed grate batch type according to the processing capacity. Of these, the large-capacity all-continuous and quasi-continuous waste incineration facilities are at least two series according to the waste treatment facility structure guidelines of the Ministry of Health and Welfare.
It is stipulated to have three series of refuse incinerators when the throughput is large. In the case of three lines, one line is reserved.
The reason why multiple lines are provided is that even if one line fails, the other lines and spare lines can treat the waste, and the insufficient processing capacity is stored in the waste pit to cope with the waste.

In the operation of the refuse incinerator, it is difficult to measure the heat generation amount and moisture properties of the incinerated waste in real time, and even if the other conditions are kept appropriate, the fluctuation of the waste quality may cause a change in the motion state. Change.

In the stoker furnace that is often used in the full-continuous type, by arranging a number of grate and moving the thrown garbage into the grate,
Move, stir, and ignite and burn. Dust retention time is 30
Since it is a long time of about a minute, the furnace temperature is controlled by operating the grate and adjusting the movement and stirring amount. In addition, since the amount of treated waste is large, even if waste with uneven waste quality is supplied, the influence of waste quality fluctuations is small.

On the other hand, in the fluidized bed type incinerator that is often used in the quasi-continuous type, since the residence time of the waste in the furnace is as short as several minutes and the processing amount is relatively small, if you throw in waste of non-uniform quality,
It is likely to cause the temperature fluctuation of the furnace as it is. For this reason, the operation of the fluidized bed waste incinerator is appropriately determined and adjusted by the operator.

When operating the two series of refuse incinerators, it is general that each operator operates independently and in cooperation with a crane operator who carries the refuse.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

The above-mentioned conventional technology relies on the judgment based on the experience and knowledge of individual operators to operate the incinerator, and the judgment criteria of each operator are not uniformly set, so the best operation is always performed. Not necessarily. Also, because it is difficult to predict the quality of waste and measure it in real time, it is necessary to operate in accordance with the waste that is supplied, and given a specific target value,
It is not possible to take a driving method such as operating to match it.

Therefore, when the operations are simultaneously performed in two or more series of incinerators, there is a problem in that the operating variables are not carried well and one is in a worse operating state than the other.

[Means for solving the problem]

The above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology are, in the operating method of the combustion apparatus having two or more series of combustion furnaces, the process of inputting the operation information indicating the operation status of each series combustion furnace, and storing and extracting the predetermined operation state evaluation rule. Steps and evaluation steps to evaluate the quality of the combustion state for each series combustion furnace based on the operating state evaluation rule of the operation information and to determine the cause if the operating state is defective, and the series evaluated as defective It has a failure guidance process for instructing the cause and measures for the combustion furnace, and when each series is in good operating condition, the process of selecting the combustion furnace of the best operating condition series and the remaining series of combustion furnaces On the other hand, a method for operating a combustion apparatus having two or more series of combustion furnaces is provided, which comprises the step of displaying and guiding the operating conditions of the combustion furnace in the best operating state.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings for a case having two series of incinerators. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram around the incinerator of the system according to the present invention. There are two series of incinerators, but only one series is shown.
The waste is transferred from a pit (not shown) to a waste supply device (1) via a charging crane (not shown), then incinerated in an incinerator 2 and discharged outside the furnace as combustion gas (21). .

Waste data (17), furnace outlet gas temperature (18), fluidized bed temperature (19), auxiliary fuel flow rate (1
1), primary air flow rate (13), secondary air flow rate (12), etc. are measured and NOx and SO are measured by the gas analyzer (3).
The concentrations of x, HCl, CO, O _2, etc. are measured, the data converter (4) converts the analog signal into a digital signal, and the signal is transmitted to the inference mechanism (5). The process data of the second series (20) is similarly transmitted to the inference mechanism (5).

The inference mechanism executes inference as will be described later on the basis of these process data, and guides the result to the operator via the display device (6).

The operator responds to the guidance by the primary air conditioner (9), the secondary air conditioner (10), the auxiliary fuel conditioner (8),
Operate the waste supply device, etc. to operate so as to maintain the proper operating conditions.

Next, the inference procedure of the inference mechanism will be described with reference to FIG.

After the process data, which is the operation information indicating the operation state, is read in as in 101, the operation states of the 1-system and 2-system are evaluated by the evaluation rule 111 as in 102 and 103. The evaluation method will be described later. As a result of the evaluation, if the operating state is judged to be defective as in 104 and 105, the operator of the target series as in 106 is instructed of the cause of the defective state and the countermeasure, and the process is ended.

When it is determined that both systems are good, such as 107 and 108, the evaluation rule 113 evaluates the better operation of the first system and the second system as 109. The evaluation method will be described later. As in the evaluation result 110, the operator of the system that is not good is guided to the operating state of the system that is good so that the system can shift to good operation.

Next, a method for evaluating the operating state of each system will be described. The evaluation rules are as follows.

Rule 1 Condition Part CO concentration is above specified value Conclusion Part Air amount shortage When the CO concentration in the combustion gas is high, it is based on the knowledge that the air amount is insufficient and combustion is bad.

Rule 2 Condition Part NOx concentration is over the specified value Conclusion Part The excess air amount NOx is based on the knowledge that when the oxygen concentration in the air is high, the N content contained in the dust is easily converted to NOx and the concentration increases.

Rule 3 Condition Part Oxygen concentration above specified value Conclusion Part Excess air amount High oxygen concentration indicates that air is supplied in excess of the amount of air required for incinerating waste. It is based on the knowledge that excessive supply of air causes an increase in power and deterioration in thermal efficiency, which is not good exercise.

Next, a method for determining whether or not the system is in the best operating condition when it is determined that the operating condition of each system is not bad will be described.

The evaluation rules are as follows.

Rule 4 Conditional part The difference between the temperature in the fluidized bed and the gas at the furnace outlet in the empty column is small. Conclusion Part If primary air proper waste is completely incinerated in the fluidized bed, there is no temperature difference between the two and there is a difference. It is based on the knowledge that, at one time, it does not burn sufficiently in the fluidized bed, but it burns on the fluidized bed, and the supply of primary air is small.

A threshold value may be set to determine the magnitude of the temperature difference. For example, if the temperature difference is 50 ° C or more, there is a difference, and if it is less than that, it is possible to determine that there is no difference. According to the evaluation score of the other rule,
It is also possible to find the best operating system. FIG. 3 The relational diagram can be easily described as a table in the inference mechanism. Moreover, these evaluation methods can be applied to other rules in the same manner.

The main ones of the rule conditions for evaluating a good driving condition are listed below.

・ Low oxygen concentration ・ Low NOx, SOx, HCl concentration ・ Large amount of waste treatment ・ Furnace outlet gas temperature is not high ・ Fluid bed temperature is not low ・ No combustion support Determine the system in good condition.

As described above, the operating conditions of the two independently operating incinerators are evaluated, and if neither can be determined to be good, the better operating condition of the incinerator can be adjusted to improve the incinerator. It can be kept in a good driving condition.

The present invention has been described above by taking the refuse incinerator as an example, but the essence of the present invention is not limited to the refuse incinerator and can be widely applied to general incinerators.

〔The invention's effect〕

According to the present invention, the quality of combustion of each combustion furnace of each series is evaluated, the cause and countermeasures are displayed for defective combustion furnaces, and the operating conditions of the combustion furnace showing the best operating state are displayed. Since it is displayed and guidance is provided for combustion furnaces of other series, it is possible to operate with good combustion conditions including all series, and to promptly respond even if the properties of fuel such as coal or dust supplied to the furnace change. Is possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow chart diagram of an operating method when the present invention is applied to a combustion apparatus having two series of combustion furnaces, FIG. 2 is a system diagram when the present invention is applied to a refuse incinerator, and FIG. 3 is a flow chart. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a relationship between a temperature difference between a fluidized bed temperature and a superficial tower furnace outlet gas temperature and a combustion state evaluation point in a bed combustion furnace. 101 ... Operation information input process, 102, 103 ... Operation state evaluation process, 102A, 103A ... Judgment process, 104 ... One system operation state defect, 105 ... Two system operation state defect, 106 ... Defect guidance process , 107 …… Normal operation of 1st system, 108 …… Normal operation of 2nd system,
109 ... Good operation system selection process, 110 ... Operation condition guidance process, 111, 113 ... Operation condition evaluation rule input / output process.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A method of operating a combustion apparatus having two or more series combustion furnaces, the step of inputting operation information indicating the operation status of each series combustion furnace, and the step of storing and retrieving a predetermined operation state evaluation rule. Based on the above operating information and operating state evaluation rules, the evaluation process to evaluate the quality of the combustion state for each series combustion furnace and determine the cause if the operating state is poor, and to the series combustion furnace evaluated as poor On the other hand, it has a failure guidance process for instructing the cause and countermeasures, and when each operating system is in a good operating condition, the process of selecting the combustion operating device of the operating operation in the best operating condition and A method of operating a combustion apparatus having two or more series of combustion furnaces, the method including displaying and guiding the operating conditions of the combustion furnace in the best operating state.