JP2690461B2 - Ground improvement equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is to improve the ground by agitating and mixing excavated soil of the original ground and a solidifying material in the ground to form a water stop wall, a retaining wall or a foundation pile in the ground. Alternatively, the present invention relates to a ground improvement device for improving soft ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a ground improvement apparatus for agitating and mixing a solidifying material sprayed from a solidifying material spraying unit provided on a rotary shaft to be inserted into the ground, and soil and sand of the original ground, the rotary shaft can be expanded and contracted freely. Those provided with a drilling rod are known from JP-A-6-116939 and JP-A-6-41943.

In the above-mentioned conventional example, when a large-diameter ground improvement body is formed, the excavating rod is enlarged and excavated, and the solidifying material is jetted to stir and mix the earth and sand and the solidifying material.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, when the excavation rod is excavated while being lowered or raised, the longer the protrusion length of the excavation rod at the time of enlargement is, the longer the protrusion length is. The resistance of the soil when lowering the excavating rod while excavating or the resistance of the soil when raising the excavating rod while excavating increases the rotational torque for rotating the excavating rod, and also lowers the excavating rod. It requires a large force to raise or lower, which makes the device large and costly, and the resistance of the soil slows down or rising speed, and it takes time for construction Therefore, there is a problem in that the protruding length of the excavating rod cannot be increased so much that the diameter of the ground improvement body to be formed cannot be increased too much. It was.

The present invention was invented in view of the problems of the above-mentioned conventional example, and the main object of the ground improvement apparatus of the present invention is that the soil of the original ground and the solidifying material are in the ground. It is possible to easily and quickly form a large-diameter ground improvement body that is agitated and mixed, and even if the diameter of the ground improvement body to be formed is large, the rotating shaft can be inserted or pulled up with a small force, and it is necessary to enlarge the device. the large diameter of the ground breaks while Gana rather, also raised the axis of rotation
When forming a good body, a large-diameter ground break that is aimed smoothly
Is to allow good bodies to form, and another eye
The target place is the large diameter ground while pulling up the rotating shaft
When forming the improvement body, excavating the surrounding ground with expansion and contraction blades
Prior to stirring and mixing, point diagonally downward of the consolidation liquid.
It is possible to perform pre-drilling with the injection of
In the case of excavation by injection of solidifying material,
Ground improvement equipment that can form a large-scale ground improvement body with a target diameter
It is to provide a table.

[0006]

In order to solve the problems of the above-mentioned conventional examples and to achieve the object of the present invention, the ground improvement device of the present invention is a consolidation provided on a rotary shaft 1 inserted into the ground. In a ground improvement apparatus for stirring and mixing the solidified material A sprayed from the material spraying unit 2 and the earth and sand of the original ground, a plurality of expandable and contractible blades 3 are provided on the rotary shaft 1 so as to be vertically movable and a plurality of expandable and contractible blades are provided. Three
Indicates that the diameter of the rotation locus in the expanded state of the expansion / contraction blade 3 is different, and the diameter of the rotation locus is large in the expanded state.
The diameter of the rotation locus is small in the expanded state above the
It is characterized by arranging .

[0007]

[0008]

In addition, in the expanded state, an oblique binding material injection portion 2a for injecting the binding material A obliquely downward may be provided on the rotary shaft 1 above the expansion / contraction blade 3 having a small rotation path diameter. preferable.

Further, a lateral solidifying material spraying portion 2b for spraying the solidifying material A in a substantially horizontal direction is provided between the upper and lower expansion / contraction blades 3, and the solidifying material A sprayed from the oblique solidifying material spraying portion 2a. And the consolidating material A ejected from the lateral consolidating material ejecting portion 2b.
It is also preferable that the diameter of the rotation locus drawn by the intersecting position is set to be substantially equal to the diameter of the rotation locus in the expanded state of the expansion / contraction blade 3 having the large diameter of the rotation locus in the expanded state. .

[0011]

[0012]

[0013]

[0014]

According to the above apparatus, however, the rotary shaft 1 is provided with a plurality of expandable / contractible expansion / contraction blades 3 which are vertically displaced, and the plurality of expansion / contraction blades 3 have a rotational locus in a state in which the expansion / contraction blade 3 is expanded. Due to the different diameters, when forming a large-diameter ground improvement body 8, the ground is first excavated by the expansion / contraction blade 3 having the smaller diameter of the rotation locus in the forward expanded state in the traveling direction of the rotating shaft 1. The soil and sand of the excavated original ground and the solidifying material A are mixed and stirred, and then the excavation blade 3 having the larger diameter of the rotation trajectory in the enlarged state is excavated and excavated to have a target diameter. In order to form the desired large-diameter ground improvement body 8, the earth and sand of the original ground and the solidifying material A are mixed and stirred. Mixed and expanded Resistance of the soil at the time of drilling an enlarged scaled wings 3 towards the diameter of rotational path is large in state is reduced. Also, in the expanded state, the diameter of the rotation trajectory is large
The diameter of the rotation locus is small in the expanded state above the
By arranging, the multiple expansions are made when the rotary shaft 1 is pulled up.
Rotation locus in the expanded state by expanding each of the reduced blades 3
First, the ground is excavated by the expansion / contraction blade 3 with the smaller diameter
After stirring and mixing, the diameter of the rotation trajectory in the expanded state
With the larger expansion / contraction blade 3, the diameter will be aimed at the ground.
To raise the rotating shaft, such as excavating and stirring and mixing.
Along with this, excavation and stirring and mixing can be performed efficiently in stages.
Become.

[0015]

[0016]

[0017]

[0018]

Further , in the expanded state, by providing the oblique binding material injection portion 2a for injecting the binding material A obliquely downward to the rotary shaft 1 above the expansion / contraction blade 3 having a small diameter of the rotation locus. In forming the large-diameter ground improvement excavation mixing section 8 while pulling up the rotary shaft 1, the oblique consolidation material injection section 2a was injected prior to excavation by the expansion / contraction blade 3 having a small rotation path diameter in the expanded state. The solidified material A allows the ground to be excavated into a substantially conical shape with the rotation axis 1 as the center, which facilitates excavation by the expansion / contraction blade 3 having a small rotation trajectory diameter in the expanded state.

Further, a lateral solidifying material spraying portion 2b for spraying the solidifying material A in a substantially horizontal direction is provided between the upper and lower expansion and contraction blades 3, and the solidifying material A sprayed from the diagonal solidifying material spraying portion 2a. And the consolidating material A ejected from the lateral consolidating material ejecting portion 2b.
Is set so as to intersect with the jet flow of, and the diameter of the rotation locus drawn by the intersecting position is made substantially equal to the diameter of the rotation locus in the enlarged state of the expansion / contraction blade 3 having the large diameter of the rotation locus in the enlarged state. The peripheral portion positioned outside the target diameter due to the collision of the solidifying material A sprayed obliquely downward and the solidifying material A sprayed substantially horizontally to effectively stir and mix and reduce the momentum. The ground is less likely to be damaged by the solidifying material A, and the desired large-diameter ground improving body 8 can be formed. Further, the solidifying material A previously jetted obliquely downward is sprayed substantially horizontally. By excavating a target diameter with the solidified material A, the excavation and stirring / mixing can be performed with a small force when enlarging the expansion / contraction blade 3 having a large rotation locus diameter in the expanded state.

[0021]

[0022]

[0023]

[0024]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail based on embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention. In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a construction machine installed on the ground, and a reader 11 is vertically set on the construction machine 10. The reader 11 is provided with a movable body 12 so as to be vertically movable, and the movable body 12 can be vertically moved using, for example, a wire or a chain. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the rotating shaft 1 can be moved up and down by moving the moving body 12 up and down while being chucked by the chuck device 13 provided on the moving body 12. Here, when chucked by the chuck device 13, the rotation shaft 1 can be rotated by transmitting the rotation from the rotation device 14 provided on the moving body 12 to the rotation shaft 1. Reader 1
1, an auxiliary chuck 20 is provided, and the rotating shaft 1 is vertically inserted through the auxiliary chuck 20, and the rotating shaft 1 can be freely chucked by the auxiliary chuck 20.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary shaft 1 is provided with a drill bit 4 at its lower end. Further, a lower end injection part 22 for injecting the liquid material 21 downward is provided at the lower end part of the rotary shaft 1 (that is, the portion of the excavation bit 4) so as to facilitate the insertion of the rotary shaft 1. A plurality of expandable / contractible blades 3 are provided above the excavation bit 4 so as to be vertically displaced so as to be expandable and contractible. The plurality of expansion / contraction blades 3 which are vertically displaced are different in the diameter of the rotation locus in the expanded expansion / contraction blade 3 state. Then, the position is for large diameter scaled wings 3a of the larger diameter of the rotating locus in an enlarged state the lower position, for small diameter scaled wing 3b towards the diameter of rotational path while expanding the upper position is small located ing.

In the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, the expansion / contraction blade 3b for small diameters, which is expandable and contractible, is provided with a mounting portion 40 on the rotary shaft 1,
One end of the stirring member 41 is rotatably mounted on the mounting portion 40. The mounting portion 40 is composed of vertical projections 40a, 40b facing each other in the vertical direction and a central pillar portion 40c located between the vertical projections 40a, 40b and having both side surfaces cut away. The vertical projections 40a, 40b. A rear end portion of the stirring member 41 is pivotally supported by a pivot shaft 91 in the vicinity of a pair of diagonally opposed corner portions. The state of the small diameter expansion / contraction blade 3b in FIG. 5 (a) is the expanded state of the small diameter expansion / contraction blade 3b, and the state of FIG. 5 (b) is the expanded state of the small diameter expansion / contraction blade 3b. And the rotary shaft 1 is shown in FIG.
When rotating in the direction of arrow a in (a), one side surface 42 of the stirring member 41 abuts on the contact surface 43 of the central column 40c, and the expanded state is maintained. On the other hand, when the rotating shaft 1 is rotated in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 5A, the stirring member 41 rotates in the direction of arrow C due to the resistance of the earth and sand, and the state of FIG. 5B (that is, the protrusion 6 of the stirring member 41 is It contracts to the outer surface of the rotating shaft 1 and stops. A stirring member 4 as shown in FIG.
When the rotating shaft 1 is rotated in the arrow A direction in the diameter-reduced state of 1, the stirring member 41 rotates in the arrow D direction due to the resistance of the soil, and the diameter is expanded as shown in FIG. In this way, when the rotary shaft 1 is rotated in the reverse direction to expand the small-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3b, the projection 6 is provided, so that not only the tip of the stirring member 41 but also the projection 6 is soiled during expansion. Therefore, the resistance of the soil is large and the stirring member 41 is easily opened. Here, the expansion / contraction blade for small diameter 3
At the tip of b, at least one in the up-down direction, and in the embodiment, both upwards and downwards are provided with protrusions 6. A blade portion 5 is provided on the protrusion 6.

Further, the expandable / reducible blade 3a for large diameters is provided with a mounting portion 50 on the rotary shaft 1, and one end of the stirring member 51 is rotatably mounted on the mounting portion 50 so that the blades 3a for large diameter expanding / contracting.
Is configured. The mounting portion 50 is composed of vertical projections 50a and 50b facing each other in the vertical direction and a central column portion 50c formed between the vertical projections 50a and 50b by cutting the side surface into an L shape. The stirring member 51 includes an inner member 57 and an outer member 9.
Are rotatably supported by a shaft 58, and the rear end of the inner member 57 is pivotally supported by a pivot shaft 56 in the vicinity of a pair of diagonally opposed corners of the vertical protrusions 50a and 50b. I support it. Here, the stopper protrusions 60, 6 are provided on the respective one side surfaces of the inner member 57 and the outer member 9, respectively.
1 is protruding. At the tip of the outer member 9, at least one in the up-down direction, and in the embodiment, both the upper and lower projections 6 are provided. A blade portion 5 is provided on the protrusion 6. 6 (a) of the large-diameter expanding / contracting blade 3a is the enlarged state of the large-diameter expanding / contracting blade 3a, and FIG. 6 (b) is the state of the large-diameter expanding / contracting blade 3a in the contracted state. is there. Then, when the rotary shaft 1 is rotated in the direction of arrow a, one side surface 52 of the inner member 57 hits the contact surface 53 which is one side surface portion of the L-shaped side surface of the central pillar portion 50c, and the enlarged state of the inner member 57 is maintained. In this case, the contact portion 60a of the stopper protrusion 60 of the inner member 57 is further shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), the inner member 57 is further kept in the expanded state by hitting the outer surface portion 62 of the central column portion 50c. Further, the outer member 9 and the inner member 57 become substantially in a straight line when enlarged, and in this state, the opposing end surfaces of the stopper protrusion 60 contact each other as shown in FIG. 6A to hold the enlarged state of the outer member 9. There is. In this way, the state in which the inner member 57 is enlarged and the outer member 9 is enlarged so that the inner member 57 and the outer member 9 are substantially in a straight line is the state in which the large-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3a is enlarged. On the other hand, in FIG.
When the stirring member 51 is rotated, the stirring member 51 rotates in the direction of arrow C due to the resistance of the earth and sand, and the diameter is reduced to the state of FIG. 6B (that is, the state where the other side surface 54 of the inner member 57 hits the contact surface 53 of the central column portion 50c and stops). In addition, the outer member 9 is rotated with respect to the inner member 57 so that the protrusion 6 extends from the upper protrusion 50a to the lower protrusion 50b.
Then, the inner member 57 and the outer member 9 are bent in a substantially V-shape around the rotary shaft 1 when hitting the outer surface portion thereof, and this state is the reduced state of the large-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3a. In the contracted state of the large-diameter expanding / contracting blade 3a, the earth and sand introducing gap 7 is formed between the outer member 9 and the outer surface of the rotating shaft 1 (that is, the other side surface of the central column portion 50c that is cut out in the L shape). Will be. Therefore, when the large-diameter expanding / contracting blade 3a is bent in a dogleg shape around the rotating shaft 1 and contracted as shown in FIG. , The outer member 9 is rotated in the direction of arrow D, and the inner member 57 is also rotated with the rotation of the outer member 9 while the opposing surfaces of the stopper projections 60 and 61 are in contact with each other. The blade 3a can be enlarged. Thus, when the rotary shaft 1 is reversely rotated to expand the expansion / contraction blade 3,
Since the protrusions 6 are provided, when the soil is expanded, not only the tip portion of the outer member 9 but also the protrusions 6 are contacted with the soil, so that the resistance of the soil is large and the outer member 9 is easily opened. ,
The earth and sand enter the space 7 for introducing the earth and sand, and the outer member 9 is rotated by the resistance of the earth to be easily opened.

The diameter of the rotation locus of the plurality of expansion / contraction blades 3 (that is, the large-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3a and the small-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3b) in a reduced state is equal to or smaller than the diameter of the rotation path drawn by the excavating bit 4. The diameter of each rotation locus in the expanded state of the plurality of expansion / contraction blades 3 is set to be larger than the rotation locus drawn by the excavation bit 4. The rotating shaft 1 is provided with a binder injection unit 2. In the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, the solidifying material spraying parts 2 are provided at a plurality of upper and lower positions. That is, an oblique consolidation material injection portion 2a for injecting the consolidation material A obliquely downward is provided above the small-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3b of the rotating shaft 1, and the large-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3a and the small-diameter expansion blade 3a are provided. Between the expansion and contraction blade 3b, there is provided a lateral solidifying material spraying portion 2b for spraying the solidifying material A in a substantially horizontal direction. The jetting direction from the solidifying material jetting unit 2 is determined so that the jetting flows of the solidifying material A jetted from the upper and lower solidifying material jetting units 2 directly intersect with each other and collide with each other.
The diameter of the rotation trajectory drawn by this intersecting position is the expansion / contraction blade 3a for expansion.
Is approximately equal to the diameter of the rotation locus in the enlarged state. In addition, in the embodiment, the lateral solidifying material ejecting portion 2b.
Although the embodiment is shown in which the solidifying material A is sprayed in a substantially horizontal direction from the above, the solidifying material A is injected from the lateral solidifying material spraying portion 2b.
May be injected obliquely upward or obliquely downward, but the point is that the solidifying material A injected from the oblique solidifying material injection part 2a is used.
It is set so that the jet flow of # and the solidifying material A jetted from the lateral solidifying material jetting part 2b directly intersect and collide with each other.

Here, the locus of rotation of the tip portion in the expanded state of the small-diameter expanding / contracting blade 3b and the locus of injection of the solidifying material A jetted obliquely downward from the diagonal solidifying material jetting portion 2a are such that the loci intersect each other. Is set to. Although illustration is omitted, a screw portion may be provided above the diagonal binding material injection portion 2a of the rotary shaft 1 as necessary. The screw portion serves to move the mixture upward and insert a part of the mixture to the ground when the rotary shaft 1 is inserted.

The ground is improved by using the apparatus having the above-mentioned configuration to form the ground improved body in the ground. The construction is carried out, for example, as follows. First, as shown in FIGS. 3A to 3B, in a state where the solidifying material A is not jetted from the solidifying material jetting portion 2, the rotary shaft 1 is rotated and excavated by the excavating bit 4 so that the rotary shaft 1 is removed. Insert to the desired depth in the ground. When the rotary shaft 1 is inserted to a predetermined depth, the rotary shaft 1 is easily inserted while the liquid material 21 is jetted downward from the lower end jetting part 22.
The liquid substance 21 is mainly intended to facilitate the insertion of the rotary shaft 1, and therefore, for example, a cement milk having a low concentration, a mixed liquid of cement milk and bentonite, or the like can be used.

As described above, the rotary shaft 1 is inserted to a predetermined depth in the ground to form the small-diameter pilot hole 80 in the ground, and then, as shown in FIG. 3 (c) → (d). The rotary shaft 1 is pulled up by pulling up the rotary shaft 1. In the present invention, when the rotary shaft 1 is pulled up, the injection of the liquid material 21 from the lower end injection part 22 is stopped, and the liquid is directed obliquely downward from the oblique consolidation material injection part 2a. And injects the consolidating material A in a substantially horizontal direction from the lateral consolidating material injecting portion 2b, and further, the large-diameter expanding / contracting blade 3a and the small-diameter expanding / contracting blade 3b provided on the rotary shaft 1 are installed. The expansion shaft 3 is enlarged (in the embodiment, the rotation shaft 1 is reversely rotated to enlarge the large-diameter expansion blade 3a and the small-diameter expansion blade 3b), and the rotary shaft 1 is pulled up while rotating in this state.

Then, the ground is excavated to a diameter smaller than the intended diameter by the expanded small-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3b, and the excavated earth and sand and the consolidating material A are agitated and mixed. The ground is excavated to a target diameter by the diameter expansion / contraction blade 3a, and the excavated earth and sand and the solidifying material A are mixed by stirring. In this case, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the ground is excavated and agitated by the injection pressure of the consolidating material A injected from the upper oblique consolidating injection part 2a as the rotary shaft 1 is pulled up. , The ground is excavated and agitated and mixed by the small-diameter expansion / contraction blades 3b located on the upper side, and subsequently, the lateral solidifying material injection unit 2
The ground is excavated and agitated by the solidifying material A injected from b in a substantially horizontal direction, and subsequently, the ground is excavated and agitated and mixed by the large-diameter expansion and contraction blade 3a located below.

Here, the jet flow of the solidifying material A jetted obliquely downward from the diagonal solidifying material jetting portion 2a and the solidifying material A jetted substantially horizontally from the lateral solidifying material jetting portion 2b. The direct collision with the jet flow causes the jetting energy to be attenuated, and as a result, the solidifying material jetted from the rotary shaft 1 from the upper and lower solidifying material jetting portions 2 around the rotary shaft 1 as a center. A large-diameter ground improvement body 8 having a radius of the distance to the collision portion A is formed. By the way, at this time, the excavation and the stirring and mixing by the enlarged small-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3b are performed by the rotation locus of the tip end of the small-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3b in the expanded state and the obliquely consolidating material injected from the obliquely consolidating material injection part 2a. Since the injection trajectory of the material A is set so as to intersect with each other, the portion preliminarily excavated and agitated and mixed by the consolidating material A ejected obliquely downward from the oblique consolidating material injecting portion 2a is used for the small-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3b.
Since it will be excavated and agitated and mixed with the small diameter expansion / contraction blade 3
Therefore, the excavation and the stirring and mixing by b can be easily performed. In addition, excavation by the solidified material A injected from the oblique solidified material injection unit 2a, stirring and mixing, excavation by the small-diameter expansion and contraction blade 3b, stirring and mixing, and solidified material A injected from the lateral solidified material injection unit 2b.
Drilling, preliminary drilling by stirring and mixing, and stirring and mixing, followed by drilling and stirring and mixing by the enlarged large-diameter expansion and contraction blade 3a. At this time, injection is performed obliquely downward from the oblique consolidation material injection unit 2a. The diameter of the rotational trajectory drawn by the intersecting position where the jet flow of the solidified material A and the jetted flow of the solidified material A jetted in the substantially horizontal direction from the lateral solidified material jetting portion 2b directly intersect are
Since the diameter of the rotation locus in the expanded state of the diameter expansion / contraction blade 3a is approximately equal to the diameter, the large diameter expansion / contraction blade 3a can easily perform excavation and stirring and mixing. This series of excavation and stirring / mixing is schematically shown in FIG. 4, and by pulling up the rotary shaft 1, a large-diameter ground improvement body 8 having a desired diameter can be obtained easily and accurately. Can be formed.

In the above-mentioned excavation, the large-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3
a, a projection 6 is formed on each tip of the small-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3b so as to face upward.
In the case where the blade 5 is provided on the protruding portion 6 protruding upward and the blade portion 5 is provided on the protruding portion 6 protruding upward, the ground is excavated by the blade portion 5 of the protruding portion 6 prior to the expansion / contraction blade 3 when the rotary shaft 1 is pulled up. This will facilitate the excavation. Further, by providing the protrusions 6 at the respective tip portions of the large-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3a and the small-diameter expansion / contraction blades 3 from the upper side to the lower side, it is possible to perform good stirring and mixing.

While the rotary shaft 1 is being pulled up as described above, the large-diameter ground improvement body 8 filled with the mixture of the excavated soil and the solidifying material A is formed. Here, the rotary shaft 1 is rotated. When the ground improvement body 8 having a large diameter is formed while being pulled up, even if the solidifying material jetting section 2 is pulled up to near the ground surface, the solidifying material A jetted from the upper and lower solidifying material jetting sections 2 After the collision, the jet flows of the jets merge and the jetting direction is directed obliquely downward (in the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, the solidifying material A jetted obliquely downward from the diagonal solidifying material jetting portion 2a). And the solidifying material A sprayed from the lateral solidifying material spraying part 2b merge after the collision, the direction after the merging faces diagonally downward), the ground near the ground surface rises upward, the solidifying material A or There is no risk of the earth and sand squirting on the ground, and the solidifying material A can be applied to workers on the ground. Or is injured sediment collide, or so as not to deteriorate the surrounding environment caking material A and sediment around the earth are scattered. In addition, the solidifying material injection unit 2
Even if the solidifying material A is being jetted when it is pulled up to the ground, the jetting area after joining is directed diagonally downward, so the jetting area is narrow, and the solidifying material A collides with the workers in the surrounding area. Alternatively, the solidifying material A does not scatter around. Of course, it is also possible to form the ground improvement body 8 at a portion of an arbitrary depth underground by using the device of the present invention.

As described above, the large-diameter ground improvement body 8 filled with the mixture of the excavated soil and the solidifying material A is formed while pulling up the rotary shaft 1. After the rotary shaft 1 is completely pulled out, ground improvement bodies 8 are formed one after another in the same manner. In this case, the ground improvement body 8 is formed continuously (may be partially overlapped) to form a water blocking wall or a mountain retaining wall. Of course, a foundation pile may be formed by forming the ground improvement body 8 or the soft ground may be improved.

By the way, the rotating shaft 1 is mounted on the moving body 12
And a chuck device 13 provided in the moving body 12
The rotary shaft 1 can be freely chucked by the excavating means while the rotary shaft 1 is rotated by lowering the moving body 12 while the rotary shaft 1 is chucked by the chuck device 13 when the rotary shaft 1 is inserted into the ground. When the moving body 12 descends to a predetermined position of the reader 11 while excavating the ground by the, the chuck is removed, the moving body 12 is moved up, and the moving body 12 is lifted up to a predetermined height.
3, the rotary shaft 1 is chucked and the moving body 12 is lowered, and the rotary shaft 1 rotates and the excavation means lowers the ground while excavating the ground. By repeating the above operation in sequence, the rotary shaft 1 is moved to a predetermined depth. It is something to insert. On the other hand, in order to pull up the rotary shaft 1, it is performed by repeating the chucking and the chuck release by the chuck device 13 in the reverse operation to the above, but when the chuck device 13 releases the chuck, the rotary shaft 1 is lowered. In order to prevent this, at the same time when the chuck device 13 releases the chuck, the auxiliary shaft 20 chucks the rotary shaft 1 to temporarily support it, and
Is lowered to a predetermined position, and when the chuck device 13 chucks it again, the auxiliary chuck 20 is released, the moving body 12 is raised, and the rotating shaft 1 is rotated and raised.

Here, the chuck device 13 has a structure as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, for example. That is, the rotating cylinder 2 rotated by the rotating device 14 is attached to the moving body 12.
5, the rotary shaft 1 is vertically movably inserted into the rotary cylinder 25, and a disc-shaped support body 28 movable by a cylinder device 27 such as a hydraulic cylinder provided in a support frame 26 provided on the moving body 12. Is provided, a disk-shaped rotating body 29 is rotatably attached to the supporting body 28 via a bearing, and an arm portion 31 having an inclined surface 30 is projectingly provided on the rotating body 29.
5. A chuck body 33 movably inserted through a window 32 provided in the fifth member 5.
The inclined surface 30 of the arm 31 is opposed to the inclined surface 34 at the outer end of the arm 3, and the cylinder 3 is driven to move the arm 3.
When 1 is raised, the chuck body 33 is pushed in, the rotary shaft 1 is chucked, and the rotary cylinder 25 is inserted through the chuck body 33.
Is transmitted to the rotary shaft 1, and the rotary shaft 1 is prevented from moving up and down with respect to the moving body 12. Then, when the arm portion 31 is retracted, the pushing of the chuck body 33 is released, and the chuck of the rotary shaft 1 by the chuck body 33 is released. Chuck body 3
A spring force in a direction away from the rotating shaft 1 may be urged on 3. The auxiliary chuck 20 simply chucks or unchucks the rotary shaft 1. For example, the rotating body 35, which is eccentric as shown in FIG. 9, is rotated by a rotating device (not shown). The rotary shaft 1 is chucked as indicated by the broken line and the chuck is released as indicated by the solid line. Of course, it is needless to say that the chuck device 13 and the auxiliary chuck 20 are not limited only to those described above. The moving body 12 provided with the chuck device 13 as described above moves up and down in a range indicated by Y in FIG. 2, and is moved up and down by a wire, a chain or the like in the up and down movement. As a result, the vertical length of the reader 11 can be reduced and the moving body 12 having the heavy rotating device
Is moved up and down, so that the center of gravity of the entire apparatus is located below, and the apparatus can be prevented from tipping over.

In the present invention, in the above-mentioned embodiment, as the binder injection portion 2, the oblique binder injection portion 2a for injecting the binder A obliquely downwardly above the small-diameter expansion / contraction blade 3b is used. Although an example is shown in which the lateral-direction solidifying material spraying portion 2b is provided between the small diameter expanding / contracting blade 3b and the large diameter expanding / contracting blade 3a, the solidifying material spraying portion 2 is not limited to the above embodiment. The position, the number, and the injection direction of the solidified material injection unit 2 can be set arbitrarily.

Further, in the present invention, the expansion / contraction blade for small diameter 3b.
An example is shown in which two expansion and contraction blades 3 of a large-diameter expansion and contraction blade 3a are vertically displaced, but three or more expansion and contraction blades 3 having different diameters of the rotation loci in the expanded state are vertically displaced. May be provided. In this case, the smaller the diameter of the rotation trajectory at the time of enlargement, the higher the position .

In the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings,
An example of a structure in which a plurality of expandable and contractible blades 3 that can expand and contract are reduced in diameter by rotation of the rotating shaft 1 in one direction (forward direction) and expanded by rotating in the other direction (reverse direction) of the rotating shaft 1. However, the expansion / contraction may be performed by an expansion / contraction driving device (not shown) such as a hydraulic cylinder. Although the rotating shaft 1 is a single shaft in the above embodiment, the rotating shaft 1
Needless to say, it may be of a multi-axis type in which a plurality of is installed. 10 to 13 show an example of the case of multi-axis. As shown in FIG. 12, the plurality of rotating shafts 1 are connected by a connecting member 90 in the form of a vertical plate to prevent the intervals between the rotating shafts 1 from widening or narrowing. The connecting member 90 is rotatably attached to the rotary shaft 1 by a bearing portion 92 in the rotary shaft 1 portion, and a space between the bearing portions 92 has a vertical plate shape. The vertical plate-shaped portion 93 between the bearing portions 92 is provided with an injection portion 94 for injecting the liquid material 21 downward to facilitate the insertion of the connecting member 90. Reference numeral 95 in the drawing denotes a hose for supplying the liquid material 21 to the spraying section 94. FIG. 12B shows the case of the multi-axis shown in FIG.
Rotation locus B of the drilling bit 4, rotation locus C of the small diameter expansion / contraction blade 3b in the expanded state, large diameter expansion / contraction blade 3a in the expanded state
Shows a rotation locus D of.

The ground is improved by using a device having a plurality of rotary shafts 1 arranged side by side as described above to form a ground improved body in the ground. An example of the construction will be described below. First, FIG.
As shown in (a), the excavating bit while rotating the rotary shafts 1 in a state where the solidifying material A is not jetted from the solidifying material jetting section 2 and the plurality of expansion / contraction blades 3 provided above and below are reduced in diameter. 4 is excavated and the rotary shaft 1 is inserted to a desired depth in the ground. When the rotary shaft 1 is inserted to a predetermined depth, the rotary shaft 1 is easily inserted while the liquid material 21 is jetted downward from the lower end jetting portion 22, and the liquid material 2 is jetted from the jetting portion 94.
1 is directed downward while connecting member 9 between rotating shafts 1
This facilitates the insertion of zeros. By the way, in the present invention, the plurality of small-diameter pilot holes 50 formed by inserting the plurality of rotary shafts 1 into the ground are such that adjacent pilot holes 50 are adjacent to each other in plan view as shown in FIG. 13 (d). A narrow width (that is, a width that is much narrower than the diameter of the pilot hole 50) formed by the vertical plate-shaped connecting member 90 between adjacent pilot holes 50 of the small holes so that they do not overlap. The groove 50a will be formed.

As described above, after inserting the plural rotary shafts 1 to a predetermined depth in the ground to form the small-diameter pilot hole 50 in the ground, the plural rotary shafts 1 are formed as shown in FIG. 13 (b). Axis of rotation 1
When the plurality of rotary shafts 1 are pulled up, in the present invention, the injection of the liquid material 21 from the lower end injection part 22 is stopped, and the upper and lower solidifying materials provided on the respective rotary shafts 1 are stopped. Expansion / contraction blades 3 that inject the solidifying material A from the injection unit 2 and provide a plurality of upper and lower rotating shafts 1, respectively.
Is enlarged and the rotary shaft 1 is rotated and pulled upward. Then, a large-diameter ground improvement body 8 is formed around each rotary shaft 1 by the same action as in the case of the above-mentioned single axis, but the plurality of large-diameter ground improvement bodies 8 formed in this way are As shown by the solid line in FIG. 13E, adjacent large diameter ground improvement bodies 8 are formed so as to partially overlap each other in a plan view.

Although FIG. 10 shows an example of three axes as a multi-axis embodiment, the number of axes is not limited to three and may be two or four or more. However, in the case of the multi-axis, the expansion / contraction blades 3 having a large rotation locus diameter in the enlarged state provided on the adjacent rotary shafts 1 are vertically displaced so that the rotation locus diameter is increased in the enlarged state provided on the adjacent rotary shafts 1. It is set so that a part of the rotation loci of the large expansion / contraction blade 3 in the expanded state partially overlap with each other in plan view, and further, the rotation loci drawn by the excavating bits 4 of the adjacent rotary shafts 1 do not overlap in plan view. It is provided in.

In any of the embodiments of the present invention, the solidifying material A to be jetted may be jetted into the ground while being mixed with fibers such as steel fibers and synthetic resin fibers. In this case, when the fiber used is a steel fiber, the length is several centimeters (for example, 3 to 6 cm), and the diameter is 0.3 to 1.5 m.
m is used, and if necessary, the end of the fiber is bent to form a bent portion. Of course, the length, diameter and shape are not limited to those described above. in this way,
In the case of injecting the consolidation material A in which fibers are mixed, fibers are mixed in the ground improvement body to be formed, so that the ground improvement body having higher strength can be formed. In this case, in particular, since the fibers are mixed in the solidifying material A ejected at the time of pulling up, as compared with the case where the solidified material containing fibers is ejected at the time of insertion, the fibers are only below the vicinity of the lower end portion of the rotating shaft being pulled up. Since the fibers are not located, the influence of the fibers as a resistance for pulling up the rotary shaft 1 can be reduced, and the workability is improved.

[0046]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, as described above, the solidified material injected from the solidified material injection section provided on the rotary shaft inserted into the ground and the solid material In a ground improvement device that mixes soil and sand by stirring, a plurality of expandable and contractible expansion and contraction blades are provided by vertically shifting the rotation axis.Since the expansion and contraction blades have different diameters of rotation trajectories in the expanded state, In expanding the expansion blade to form a large-diameter ground improvement body, the expansion blade with the smaller diameter in the expanded state precedes the excavation and stirring / mixing, and the part with the larger diameter is further expanded in the expanded state. Excavation to the target diameter with expansion blades,
It will be possible to form a large-diameter ground improvement body by stirring and mixing, as a result, it is possible to easily and quickly form a large-diameter ground improvement body in which the soil and solidifying material of the original ground are mixed by stirring, Even if the ground improvement body to be formed has a large diameter, the rotary shaft can be inserted or pulled up with a small force, and it is not necessary to upsize the device. Also, in the expanded state, the rotation gauge
Although the trace diameter is large, it rotates in the expanded state to the upper position
Since the one with the small diameter of the path is placed,
When expanding, expand each of the multiple expansion and contraction blades
First, the expansion / contraction blade with the smaller diameter of the rotation trajectory
Drill, stir and mix, then rotate in expanded state
The diameter intended for the ground by the expansion / contraction blade with the larger path diameter
Rotating shaft such as excavating and stirring and mixing
Drilling and stirring / mixing can be performed efficiently
Things.

[0047]

[0048]

[0049]

[0050]

[0051]

Further , in the invention according to claim 2 of the present invention, in addition to the effect according to claim 1 , in the expanded state, it is obliquely downward to the rotary shaft above the expansion / contraction blade having a small diameter of the rotation trajectory. Since an oblique solidifying material injection part for injecting the solidifying material toward the ground is provided, when forming a large-diameter ground improvement excavation mixing part while pulling up the rotating shaft, the diameter of the rotation trajectory in the expanded state Prior to excavation with a small expansion / contraction blade, the consolidating material injected from the oblique consolidating material injecting part can excavate the ground into a substantially conical shape centered on the rotation axis. It is possible to easily excavate using expansion / contraction blades with a small diameter.

Further, in the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention, in addition to the effect according to claim 2 , a lateral solidification for injecting a solidifying material between the upper and lower expansion blades in a substantially horizontal direction. A binder injection unit is provided, and the jet flow of the binder injected from the oblique binder injection unit and the jet of the binder injected from the lateral binder injection unit are set to intersect, The diameter of the rotation locus drawn by the intersecting position is almost equal to the diameter of the rotation locus in the expanded state of the expansion / contraction blade with the large diameter of the rotation path in the expanded state. The solidified material collides with the solidified material to effectively stir and mix, and the solidified material jetted obliquely downward and the solidified material jetted sideways collide to reduce the momentum. The surrounding ground located outside the diameter is less likely to be damaged by the solidifying material. , Which is capable of forming a desired large-diameter ground improvement body, and, in advance, with a solidifying material which is jetted obliquely downward in advance and a solidifying material which is jetted substantially horizontally, the target diameter is roughly the same. By performing the excavation, excavation and stirring / mixing can be easily and reliably performed with a small force when enlarging the expansion / contraction blade having a large rotation path diameter in the expanded state.

[0054]

[0055]

[0056]

[0057]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged front view of a rotation shaft of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the whole of the same.

FIG. 3 is a drawing showing the method of the present invention, wherein (a) and (b)
(C) (d) (e) is explanatory drawing which shows the construction order using the apparatus same as the above.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing excavation and stirring / mixing in the case where the rotary shaft is rotated while the rotary shaft is being rotated while injecting the solidifying material obliquely upward while pulling up the rotary shaft.

5 (a) and 5 (b) are cross-sectional views showing an expanded state and a contracted state of the above-mentioned small-diameter expansion / contraction blade, respectively.

6 (a) and 6 (b) are cross-sectional views showing an enlarged state and a reduced state of the large-diameter expansion / contraction blade, respectively, of the same.

FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of a chuck device used in the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of the above chuck device.

FIG. 9 is a schematic operation explanatory view of an auxiliary chuck used in the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an overall front view showing an embodiment in the case of a multi-axis of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is an overall side view of the above.

FIG. 12 (a) is a front view of a main part in the case of the multi-axis of the same,
(B) is an explanatory view showing a rotation trajectory in a state in which the excavating bit, the small-diameter expanding / contracting blade, and the large-diameter expanding / contracting blade are expanded.

13 (a), (b) and (c) are explanatory views showing the order of construction using a multi-axis device, (d) is a cross-sectional view in the case of (a), and (e) is. It is sectional drawing in the case of (b).

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 rotating shaft 2 solidification material injection part 2a diagonal solidification material injection part 2b sideways solidification material injection part 3 expansion and contraction blade 4 excavation bit 5 blade part 6 protrusion 7 earth and sand introduction gap 8 ground improvement body 9 outer member A solidification Material

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A ground improvement device for stirring and mixing a solidifying material sprayed from a solidifying material spraying unit provided on a rotary shaft to be inserted into the ground and earth and sand of an original ground, by shifting the rotary shaft vertically. A plurality of expandable and contractible blades are provided, and the diameters of the rotation trajectories in the expanded expanded blades are different .
In the enlarged state, above the
In the enlarged position, place the one with a small rotation path diameter.
A ground improvement device characterized by being placed . 2. The diameter of the rotation locus is small in the expanded state.
On the rotary shaft above the expansion / contraction blade, place the solidification material diagonally downward.
It is characterized in that it is provided with an oblique binding material injection part for injection.
The ground improvement device according to claim 1, which is a characteristic. 3. A hardener is provided in a substantially horizontal direction between the upper and lower expansion blades.
A horizontal cement injection unit is provided for jetting,
Injection flow of solidification material injected from the injection part and lateral solidification material injection
So that the jet of the solidified material jetted from the firing section intersects
Set the diameter of the rotation trajectory drawn by the intersecting position to the expanded state.
In the expanded state of the expansion / contraction blade with a large rotation trajectory
A contract characterized by being approximately equal to the diameter of the rotation trajectory
The ground improvement device according to claim 2.