JP2684334B2 - Bar processing device and bar processing method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bar material processing apparatus and a bar material processing method, and more particularly to a lathe for processing a product and a bar material for a lathe in connection with a product processing step of the lathe. The present invention relates to a bar material processing apparatus having a bar material supply machine for sequentially supplying the bar material and a bar material processing method using the bar material processing apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Automatic lathes, such as NC lathes, for cutting the tip of a bar based on a preset product processing program are widely used. This type of lathe
In general, a spindle including a spindle for rotating a bar at a high speed and a processing tool for turning the bar are provided,
The tip of the bar is cut into a product shape, and the product is cut off from the tip. There is also known an automatic bar feeder configured to automatically feed a relatively long bar to a lathe. Such a bar material feeder is provided with a bar material supply mechanism for supplying the bar material to a lathe, and the bar material supply mechanism includes an elongated bar material feeding member for feeding the bar material toward the lathe, a drive motor and a chain. And a drive device for the rod feeding member. The bar feed member is generally called a feed arrow, and the feed arrow is given a driving force or thrust in the forward direction by a drive device, and the rod is moved by a predetermined movement set amount according to the product processing process of the lathe. Send to the lathe spindle. The bar material feeder also has a new material replenishing mechanism such as a material rack for stocking a plurality of bar materials (new materials) to be supplied to the lathe. In general, the new material replenishment mechanism discharges the residual material held by the finger chuck of the feed arrow after the lathe cuts off the final product from the bar material, and then replenishes the new material on the material shelf to the bar material supply mechanism. To do.

Such a lathe and a bar material feeder are generally used in a state of being combined with each other, and constitute a bar material processing apparatus as a whole. Here, the automatic lathe that constitutes the bar processing apparatus is roughly classified into two types of lathes, a so-called main spindle moving type lathe and a main spindle fixed type lathe. The main spindle moving type lathe is generally a lathe in which the main spindle moves back and forth on the machining axis, and the main spindle fixed lathe is generally a lathe in which the cutting tool moves along the machining axis. A conventional example of a bar processing apparatus composed of the bar feeder and the main shaft moving type lathe is shown in FIGS. 12A to 12G as a schematic plan view. As shown in FIG. 12 (A), the bar material processing device M is composed of a bar material feeder F and a spindle moving type lathe N, and the bar material feeder F stocks a plurality of bar materials (new materials) W. And a feed arrow F2 for feeding the bar W to the lathe N. The bar material W on the material shelf F1 is supplied to a guide rail (not shown) on the processing axis XX by a new material replenishing means (not shown), and the finger chuck F3 of the feed arrow F2 moves the bar material W onto the bar W. Grasp the rear end. Lathe M
Is within a predetermined range on the machining axis XX, for example 210 mm
A spindle N1 that moves back and forth within a range of movement of 150 mm to 150 mm, a guide bush N2 located in front of the spindle N1, and a cutting tool (bite) N3 for cutting the product from the tip of the bar W.
And The spindle N1 includes a collet chuck N4 that holds the rod W, and a spindle (not shown) that rotates the rod W at high speed.

Generally, since the tip surface of a new material has an irregular or irregular shape, the bar W gripped by the finger chuck F3 in FIG. 12 (A) is a so-called shortcut process (uneven or irregularity of the new material). It is fed by the feed arrow F2 to the short cut position shown in FIG. 12D for the processing step of cutting off the tip portion shortly and preliminarily finishing the tip surface of the new material before product processing. Then, the spindle N1
Moves backward by a predetermined distance as shown in FIG. 12 (E), closes the collet chuck N4, and grips the bar W. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 12F, the spindle N1 advances the bar W held by the collet chuck N4 by a predetermined distance and rotates the bar W at a high speed, and the cutting tool N3
As shown in FIG. 12G, the short-cut material Ws having a short length is cut from the tip portion of the bar material W. The step of advancing the bar W to such a shortcut position is shown in FIG.
Through (D). FIG.
In (A) to (G), LS-1 is the foremost end position sensor that detects the foremost end position of the feed arrow F1, and LS-2
Is a shortcut position sensor that detects the shortcut position of the feed arrow F1, and LS-3 is a backward end position sensor that detects the rearmost position of the feed arrow 1.

As shown in FIGS. 12 (B) and 12 (D), the feed arrow driving device (not shown) of the bar feeder F is used until the tip of the bar W completely penetrates the collet chuck N4. The feed arrow F2 is moved forward. When the blade member F4 located at the rear end portion of the feed arrow F2 comes into contact with or comes close to the shortcut position sensor LS-2, the feed arrow drive device stops the forward movement of the feed arrow F2. Further, for example, a shortcut feeding control device is known as a device for feeding the bar W by a predetermined distance in the shortcut process. The shortcut feeding control device is generally a tip detection sensor and a rotary encoder for detecting the movement amount of the feed arrow,
It is equipped with a balance weight that moves up and down as the feed arrow moves forward, and an electromagnetic clutch for operation control (Japanese Patent Publication No.
3-47941, JP-A-61-236403, JP-A-63-212404, etc.).

[0006]

In general, a bar feeder F
When short-cut feeding of a bar material W such as a steel bar (round material, pipe material) having a circular cross section that relatively easily passes through the collet chuck N4, as described above, the bar material W is relatively simple in operation.
Can be delivered to the shortcut location. However,
When the so-called deformed material W such as a hexagonal material is fed by a shortcut, a so-called inching operation is required at the time of the shortcut feeding. That is, as shown in FIG. 12B, the bar W is
When the collet chuck N4 cannot pass through the collet chuck N4 due to the difference in contour from the opening of the collet chuck N4, the feed arrow F2
The rod W is once retracted, and an inching operation (an operation of repeatedly advancing and retracting a new material while changing the phase of the chuck of the lathe) is executed. Such an inching operation requires forward and backward movements of the feed rod and the bar, and therefore not only complicates the feed arrow drive device of the bar feeder and the control device of the drive, but also the device components of the bar feeder. However, there is a problem in that the number of parts of the bar material is increased and the cost of the bar material feeder, and thus the total equipment cost of the bar material processing device, is increased. Further, in the conventional shortcut feeding control device configured to feed the new material to the shortcut position while detecting the movement amount of the feeding arrow by the encoder or the like, for example, an interposition between the drive motor and the feeding arrow. A slack of the mounted chain causes a detection error of the feed arrow movement amount, and as a result, a slight error may occur between the detected tip position of the new material and the actual tip position of the new material. . If the new material does not reach the shortcut position, the shortcut cannot accurately cut off the tip of the new material, and as a result, a product defect is likely to occur in the first product. On the other hand, when the new material advances beyond the shortcut position, the tip of the new material is cut off over an excessive length due to the shortcut, resulting in waste of material.

Further, the above-mentioned shortcut feeding control device provided with a balance weight, an electromagnetic clutch and the like has a relatively complicated structure with a large number of parts, which complicates the assembly process of the bar feeder. Not only does this tend to increase the price of the bar feeder, and thus the cost of the bar processing apparatus as a whole. Further, in a spindle moving type lathe, a method is known in which a bit of the lathe is projected to the front of the new material at the time of feeding the new material, the advance of the material is blocked by the bit, and this position is set as a shortcut position. Such a method may be applied successfully when the diameter of the bar is small. However, as the diameter of the bar becomes larger, and thus the inertia acting on the bar increases, the load or impact acting on the bite due to the collision with the bar increases.
The risk of damaging the bite increases. The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to perform shortcut feeding of bar material without complicating the shortcut feeding mechanism or the shortcut feeding control device of the bar feeding machine. To provide a bar material processing apparatus and a bar material processing method capable of surely executing the above. The present invention also provides a bar processing device and a bar processing method that simplifies the configuration of a shortcut feeding mechanism or a shortcut feeding control device and that can accurately feed a new material such as a round material to a shortcut position. The purpose is to provide.

Further, the present invention is a bar material processing apparatus and bar material which can perform inching operation at the time of shortcut feeding by a simple mechanism or device to accurately feed a new material such as a deformed material to a shortcut position. The purpose is to provide a processing method.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a spindle moving type having a spindle movable in the axial direction of a bar and a machining tool for turning the bar. The lathe includes a lathe and a bar feeder that feeds the bar to the lathe by a predetermined movement set amount in relation to a product processing step of the lathe. A bar replenishing device for holding a bar, and a bar bar supplying device for supplying the bar bar replenished by the bar bar replenishing device to the lathe, the bar bar supplying device directing the bar bar to the lathe. A bar material processing apparatus comprising a bar material feeding member for feeding and a drive device for driving the bar material feeding member, comprising a chuck control device for selectively opening and closing the chuck of the spindle, As for the device, the bar feeding device advances the bar toward the shortcut position. When that, switching the chuck in the closed position, provides a bar machining apparatus, wherein a forward tip of the bar comprises a shortcut feeding control means preventing by said chuck. According to the rod material processing apparatus having the above-described configuration, the tip end of the rod material collides with the chuck at the closed position and is prevented from advancing, and stops. By the subsequent predetermined movement of the spindle, the bar is advanced to a position where the shortcut by the cutting tool can be executed. Thus, the bar processing apparatus can accurately feed a bar having a shape or shape that does not require an inching operation, such as a round bar, to a shortcut position with an extremely simple structure.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the tip of the bar does not penetrate the chuck, the inching control means for stopping the bar, advancing the main shaft by a predetermined distance, and rotating the chuck is provided. It is provided in the chuck control device. Further, in a preferred embodiment, the chuck control device positions the main shaft at the most advanced position to switch the chuck to the closed position, and after the tip of the bar member comes into contact with the chuck in the closed position. , The main shaft is retracted by a predetermined distance. Preferably, the inching control means, when the tip of the bar does not penetrate the chuck after the main shaft is advanced and the chuck is rotated,
The main shaft is retracted by a predetermined distance, and the rod and the chuck are retracted. According to this configuration, the tip of the rod and the chuck are separated by the advance of the main shaft, and the phase of the chuck and the phase of the rod can be matched by the rotation of the chuck. Therefore, the bar processing device executes the inching operation during the shortcut feeding without retracting the feed arrow and the bar by the drive device of the bar feeding device, and accurately places a new material such as a deformed material in the shortcut position. Can be delivered. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bar feed member includes a feed arrow, the bar feeder has a braking device for braking the movement of the feed arrow, the braking device is a bar When the chuck is stopped, the chuck is arranged at a position where it can be engaged with the feed arrow, and when the chuck is switched to the open position, the forward and / or backward movement of the feed arrow is restricted. According to such a configuration, it is possible to prevent the feed arrow and the rod member from being abruptly moved when the chuck is switched to the open position and the rod member is released, or when the main shaft performs the retracting operation.

The present invention also relates to a spindle moving type lathe equipped with a spindle movable in the axial direction of the bar, a machining tool for turning the bar, and a product machining process for the lathe. In a bar material processing method of cutting a product from a bar material by a bar material supply machine which supplies the bar material to the lathe by a predetermined movement set amount, a new material of the replenished bar material is directed toward the lathe. A bar material introducing step of advancing and introducing the bar material into the lathe, and a bar material stopping step of switching the chuck of the main shaft to a closed position at the time of the shortcut feeding to prevent the tip end of the bar material from advancing by the chuck. And a main shaft retracting step of switching the chuck to the open position and retracting the main shaft, and switching the chuck to the closed position, gripping an intermediate portion of the stopped bar material with the chuck, advancing the main shaft, Move the material to the shortcut position Providing bar machining method characterized by having a shortcut moving step of advancing. According to the above-mentioned configuration of the present invention, the tip of the bar collides with the chuck in the closed position and is prevented from advancing, and stops. By the subsequent predetermined movement of the spindle, the bar advances to a position where a shortcut by the cutting tool can be executed.

[0012] Preferably, in the method for machining a rod, when the tip of the rod does not penetrate the chuck when the spindle is retracted, the rod is stopped and the spindle is advanced by a predetermined distance, and the collet chuck is rotated. There is an inching process to make it. More preferably, the bar processing method is, after advancing the main shaft and rotating the collet chuck,
When the tip of the rod does not penetrate the chuck, the main shaft is retracted a predetermined distance, and the rod and the collet chuck are retracted. With this configuration, the inching operation by separating the tip of the rod and the chuck and the phase adjustment of the chuck and the rod can be repeatedly executed, and a new material such as a deformed material can be reliably fed to the shortcut position. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for machining a rod comprises a spindle positioning step of positioning the spindle at the most advanced position before switching the chuck to the closed position, A preliminary spindle retracting step of retracting the spindle by a predetermined distance after the tip abuts and before switching the chuck to the open position. Preferably, the bar machining method further sets a position where the bar has stopped in the preliminary spindle retracting step as a reference position, detects that the bar has passed the reference position, and penetrates the chuck of the bar. And a chuck penetration detecting step for detecting.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of a bar processing apparatus according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a bar processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the bar processing apparatus includes a bar feeder 1 that supplies a bar W, and a lathe 2 that cuts a tip portion of the bar W and cuts a desired product. . The bar feeder 1 includes a main body frame 11 and a feed arrow 13.
And a bar supply mechanism for holding a new bar W 'of a plurality of bars to be replenished, that is, a stock bar. The main body frame 11 is supported by a plurality of stands (not shown) and extends along the machining axis XX of the lathe 2. The bar supply mechanism includes a material shelf 12 on which a new material W can be placed. The material shelf 12 has a plurality of shelf members 12a, and the shelf member 12a is disposed on a side portion of the main body frame 11, and supports a new material W 'to be supplied. Each shelf member 12 a is arranged at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the bar feeder 1, and projects laterally from the main body frame 11. The bar feeding mechanism of the bar feeder 1 includes a feed arrow 13 for feeding the bar W to the lathe 2 and an endless chain 14 for transmitting a driving force or thrust to the feed arrow 13 (only a part is shown). That is). A rear end 13a of the feed arrow 13, which is generally called a blade, is locked to the endless chain 14. The feed arrow 13 is moved by a guide rail (not shown) fixed on the main body frame 11 by a machining axis XX.
Is guided so as to be able to reciprocate in the front-back direction. Further, a finger chuck 13 for gripping the rear end of the bar W is provided.
b is rotatably attached to the front end of the feed arrow 13.

The endless chain 14 is wound around sprockets 15 and 15 rotatably supported on the front and rear ends of the main body frame 11. The endless chain 14 is also wound around a drive sprocket (not shown), and the drive sprocket is operatively connected to an output shaft of a drive motor (not shown) via an electromagnetic clutch or the like. The bar feeder 1 also includes a clamp device 16 for restricting the forward and backward movement of the feed arrow 13. The clamp device 16 has left and right clamp members 16a and 16b that can be opened and closed, and the clamp members 16a and 16b
To release the feed arrow 13 apart from each other.
The bar material feeder 1 includes a controller C for controlling the operation of the bar material supply mechanism, the bar material replenishment mechanism, etc., a front end position sensor LS1 and a rear end position sensor LS3 for detecting the position of the feed arrow 13. , And a clamp opening / closing sensor LS5 for detecting opening / closing of the clamp device 16. The bar material feeder 1 further includes a rotor R that is connected to the sprocket 15 at the front end of the main body frame and rotates integrally with the sprocket 15, and a rotation amount detector LR that measures the rotation amount of the rotor R. The rotation amount detector LR includes a photoelectric sensor such as a so-called photo coupler or an electromagnetic sensor such as an electromagnetic pickup.

The detection results of the frontmost end position sensor LS1, the rearmost end position sensor LS3, the clamp opening / closing sensor LS5, and the rotation amount detector LR are input to the controller C.
The controller C further has a timer TR that can be variably set.
1, TR2, TR3, TR4 (not shown) and a counter C for counting the amount of rotation of the sprocket 15, and thus the amount of advance of the feed arrow 13, based on the detection result of the amount of rotation detector LR.
It incorporates R and CR '. The lathe 2 is a moving NC type spindle.
It is a lathe, and has a main shaft 21 capable of reciprocating along a machining axis XX. The main shaft 21 includes a collet chuck 22 for gripping the bar W, and the collet chuck 2
It is configured to rotate the bar W at a high speed while moving the bar W gripped by 2 in the front-back direction. A guide bush 23 that rotatably supports the rod W and a cutting tool 24 that cuts the rod W are arranged in front of the main shaft 21. The cutting tool 24 is supported by a tool holder (not shown), and according to the movement of the tool holder, the machining axis X--X
Approaching or moving away from The forward position sensor LS7 for detecting the set forward position of the spindle 21, and the spindle 21
Retreat position sensor LS for detecting a predetermined retreat position of
9 and a chuck opening / closing sensor LS11 for detecting opening / closing of the collet chuck 22 are arranged on the lathe 2. The detection results of the forward movement position sensor LS7, the backward movement position sensor LS9, and the chuck opening / closing sensor LS11 are input to the controller C.

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view showing a schematic structure of the clamp device 16. As shown in FIG. 2A, the clamp device 16 includes a pair of clamp members 16 a and 16 b having a symmetrical shape, guides 61 and 61 fixed to the main body frame 11, and connection shafts 63 and 63. A swing arm 62, 62 rotatably connected to each of the clamp members 16a, 16b is provided. The swing arms 62, 62
It is pivotally connected via a connecting shaft 64 to a piston rod 66 of a fluid cylinder device 65 such as a pneumatic cylinder device. The cylinder portion of the fluid cylinder device 65 is supported on the lower surface of the main body frame 11 via a bracket 67. The fluid cylinder device 65 is connected to a fluid control circuit (not shown), and retracts the piston rod 66 by switching control of a switching valve of the fluid control circuit. In the clamp device 16 shown in FIG. 2A, the clamp members 16a and 16b are located at open positions separated from each other.
6 releases the feed arrow 13 and allows the feed arrow 13 to freely move back and forth. The fluid cylinder device 65 has a piston rod 66
When retracted, the swing arms 62, 62
Are pivoted so as to approach each other around the
6a, 16b are brought closer to each other. The clamp members 16a and 16b thus moved to the closed position hold the feed arrow 13 and restrain the feed arrow 13 as shown in FIG.
The restraint force of the clamp device 16 is set to a feed arrow braking force that overcomes the driving force of the feed arrow 13 and overcomes the frictional force between the main shaft 21 and the bar W that retracts.

Referring to FIG. 1, the bar feeder 1 advances the feed arrow 13 to the frontmost position, and the cutting tool 24 of the lathe 2 moves the bar W from the bar W gripped by the finger chuck 13b to the final product P. Is in a state immediately after passing through. The clamp device 16 is in an open position in which the clamp members 16a, 16b are separated from each other. 5 to 10 are schematic plan views showing the operation of the bar material processing device thereafter in stages, and FIG.
It is a flow chart which shows a schematic control routine of a bar processing device by controller C. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a control routine of the inching operation by the controller C, and FIG. 11 is a schematic partial sectional view showing the positional relationship between the collet chuck 22 and the tip of the bar W during the inching operation. . As shown in FIG. 1, when the foremost end position sensor LS1 contacts the rear end portion 13a of the feed arrow 13 and the foremost end position sensor LS1 detects the foremost end position of the feed arrow 13, the cutting tool 24 cuts off the final product P. Interlocking with the end, the collet chuck 22 opens. When the chuck opening / closing sensor LS11 detects the opening of the collet chuck 22 (FIG. 3, S1), the controller C causes the endless chain 14 of the bar material feeding mechanism to run in the backward direction of the feed arrow, and the controller C of FIG.
As shown in, the feed arrow 13 is retracted (S2).

As shown in FIG. 6, when the feed arrow 13 is retracted to the rear end position, the rear end position sensor LS3 contacts the rear end portion 13a of the feed arrow 13 and detects the rear end position of the feed arrow 13. (S3). When the rearmost end position sensor LS3 detects the rearmost end position of the feed arrow 13, the controller C advances the spindle 21 to the forward movement position or holds it at the forward movement position,
As shown in FIG. 6, close the collet chuck 22 (S
4). Thus, the collet chuck 22 in the closed position is set so as to prevent the bar W from passing through at the forward position of the main shaft 21. Controller C simultaneously has a built-in timer TR
1 is started and time measurement is started (S4). The timer TR1 is set to a time exceeding a predetermined time. During the predetermined time, generally, the residual material gripped by the finger chuck 13b is discharged, and the new material W'on the material shelf 12 is put into the guide rail of the bar material feeding mechanism, and the bar material W on the guide rail is fed.
The time normally required for a series of operations in which the rear end of the (new material W ') is gripped by the finger chuck 13b of the feed arrow 13 and the bar W is advanced until the tip of the bar W reaches the collet chuck 22. Is. While measuring the timer TR1,
The controller C operates the bar replenishing mechanism, and the bar replenishing mechanism removes the residual material gripped by the finger chuck 13b by the residual material discharging device, and moves the new material W'on the material shelf 12 onto the guide rail. And the bar W (new bar W ') is positioned at a predetermined position on the machining axis X--X, as shown in FIG.
The rear end of the bar W is inserted into the finger chuck 13b (S5). Various methods and methods have already been known for the operation of replacing the remaining material with the new material, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The controller C further causes the endless chain 14 of the bar feeding mechanism to run in the forward direction of the feed arrow 13 in order to advance the unprocessed bar W attached to the finger chuck 13b to the shortcut position. Is advanced (S5). As a result, the tip of the bar W collides with the collet chuck 22 in the closed position as shown in FIG.
The advance of the feed arrow 13 is blocked by the collet chuck 22. The driving force in the forward direction of the feed arrow continues to be transmitted from the drive motor to the endless chain 14 of the rod material supply mechanism. When the timer TR1 times out (S6), the controller C starts the built-in timer TR2 and outputs a signal Sa (FIG. 8) to the clamp device 16 (S7). The clamp device 16 switches the switching valve of the fluid control circuit by inputting the signal Sa, and the clamp member 16
a and 16b are brought close to each other. As shown in FIG. 8, the clamp member 16 in the closed position holds the feed arrow 13 and restrains the forward-backward movement of the feed arrow 13. The timer TR2 is
This is for ensuring the time required for the feed arrow holding operation of the clamp device 16, and the set time of the timer TR2 is
The time is set to a short time, for example, about 1 second.

When the timer TR2 times out (S
8) The controller C opens the collet chuck 22 (S9). Thus, the collet chuck 22 is switched to the open position where the rod W can be inserted, as shown in FIG. At the same time, the controller C starts the built-in timer TR3 to start the time measurement, and the built-in counter C
Start R and count the amount of forward movement of the feed arrow 13 (S
9). The timer TR3 is set to a predetermined time that exceeds the time normally required for the bar W to advance to the shortcut position shown in FIG. Although the driving force in the direction of advance of the feed arrow is transmitted to the feed arrow 13 via the endless chain 14, the clamp device 16 prevents unintended advance of the feed arrow 13 due to opening of the collet chuck 22.
The controller C further retracts the spindle 21 to a predetermined retracted position, and then operates the lathe 2 to close the collet chuck 22 (S10, 11, 12, 1).
3). The separation distance between the forward movement position and the backward movement position is set so as to match the distance between the bar position at the time of contact with the collet chuck and the shortcut position shown in FIG. Therefore, the amount of retreat of the main shaft 21 substantially corresponds to the amount of advance of the bar material from the collet chuck contact position to the shortcut position.

When the main shaft 21 is retracted, an unexpected backward force may be applied to the bar W due to frictional contact between the bar W and the inner tube of the main shaft 21 or the collet chuck 22, but the feed arrow 13 is clamped. Being restrained by the device 16, the rod W is reliably prevented from unintentionally retracting, so that the rod W is held in the collet chuck abutting position. After the collet chuck 22 is closed, the controller C outputs the signal S
The output of a is stopped, and the clamp device 16 is switched to the open position. As a result, the clamp members 16a and 16b are separated from each other (S14). When the controller C detects the opening of the clamp device 16 by the clamp opening / closing sensor LS5, the lathe 2 is moved so that the main shaft 21 moves forward to the foremost end position.
Is operated (S15, 16). Due to the forward movement of the main shaft 21, the bar W further advances from the collet chuck contact position by the amount of movement corresponding to the amount of advance of the main shaft 21, and reaches the shortcut position shown in FIG. Since the driving force in the forward direction of the feed arrow is transmitted to the endless chain 14, the feed arrow 13 follows the advance of the bar W when the bar W advances. When the rod W projects forward of the guide bush 23 due to the forward movement of the main shaft 21 (S1
7), the controller C shifts to the shortcut processing due to the time-up of the timer TR3 and the count-up of the counter CR (S18, 19). Counter CR
Is set to substantially correspond to the amount of advance of the spindle 21 from the retracted position to the advanced position, that is, the amount of advance of the bar W from the collet chuck contact position to the shortcut position, and is preferably , A value slightly smaller than the amount of advance of the bar W.

Thereafter, the controller C operates the lathe 2 so that the tip end portion of the bar W is subjected to the shortcut processing (S20). The lathe 2 uses the main shaft 21 to rotate the bar W
Is rotated at high speed, and as shown in FIG. 10, the tip S of the bar W is cut off by the cutting tool 24. Thus, when the shortcut machining is completed, the controller C shifts to the product machining program by the lathe 2 and starts the product machining process (S21). In the product processing step, each time one product is cut off from the tip of the bar W by the operation of the spindle 21 and the cutting tool 24, the spindle 21 moves backward and forward as described above and corresponds to the product length. The bar W and the feed arrow 13 are advanced by the set amount of movement. Since such a product processing step is already known, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
Generally, when the bar W is a bar such as round steel, the bar W is
The collet chuck 22 is smoothly penetrated, and as described above, the collet chuck 22 is rapidly advanced from the collet chuck contact position to the shortcut position. However, when the bar W is a deformed material such as a hexagonal bar, it is difficult to match the shape of the tip of the bar W with the shape of the opening of the collet chuck 22, and the bar W does not pass through the collet chuck 22. Can occur. That is, as shown in FIG. 11A, when the phase of the tip of the rod W and the phase of the opening of the collet chuck 22 do not match, the rod W does not penetrate the collet chuck 22. In such a state, when the timer TR3 times out, the counter CR
Has not counted up yet, and as a result, the controller C shifts to the control routine of the inching operation shown in FIG.

In the control routine of the inching operation, the controller C first deactivates the forward force of the feed arrow 13 (S
30). More specifically, the controller C releases the electromagnetic clutch between the drive sprocket and the output shaft of the drive motor that form the rod supply mechanism, and shuts off the power transmission path between the feed arrow 13 and the drive motor. . After that, the controller C switches the collet chuck 22 to the open position.
At the same time, the controller C starts the measurement by the counter CR ′ and starts the timer TR4 (S3
1). Next, as shown in FIGS. 11 (A) and 11 (B), the controller C further advances the spindle 21 by a predetermined distance L from the forward position, for example, 5 mm to 10 mm (S32), and moves the spindle 21 for a predetermined time t, For example, low speed rotation is performed for 2 seconds (S33). Subsequently, the controller C engages the electromagnetic clutch to transmit the driving force of the drive motor to the feed arrow 13, and further advances the feed arrow 13 by the set value of the counter CR ′ to release the electromagnetic clutch. Moreover, the collet chuck 22 is closed (S34, 3
5, 40, 41). The set value of the counter CR ′ is set so as to substantially correspond to the amount of advance of the bar W from the collet chuck contact position to the shortcut position. The bar W at the shortcut position may be stopped by the cutting tool 24 or another bar stopping means.

When the phase of the bar W is aligned with the phase of the opening of the collet chuck 22 due to the low speed rotation of the main shaft 21,
As shown in FIG. 11 (C), the tip of the bar W has a feed arrow 1
The forward movement of 3 smoothly passes through the collet chuck 22. On the contrary, as shown in FIG.
When the phase of the collet chuck 22 does not match the phase of the collet chuck 22, the counter CR 'does not count up and the timer T
R4 times up (S35, 36). in this case,
The controller C adds the inching number I by the numerical value 1 (S37), and then moves the spindle 21 back to the initial position, that is, the forward position (S39). Thereby, the bar material W is
The control routine of the inching operation (S30 to S30) is performed by retracting to the collet chuck contact position shown in FIG.
41) is executed again. The controller C repeatedly executes the control routine of the inching operation until the bar W is inserted into the collet chuck 22, but if the inching number I exceeds the predetermined number α (S38), an abnormality alarm is output ( S50). The set time of the timer TR4 is set to, for example, a time substantially equal to that of the timer TR3, or a time obtained empirically or experimentally.

As described above, the bar processing apparatus of this example has the bar feeder 1 and the main spindle moving type lathe 2, and the main spindle 21 of the lathe 2 is provided with the collet chuck 22 which is opened and closed. Under the control of the controller C, the collet chuck 22 is selectively switched between a closed position that blocks the advance of the bar W during shortcut feeding and an open position that allows the advance of the bar W. Also, when inching operation is required,
The controller C advances the main shaft 21 to separate the rod W and the collet chuck 22 from each other, and then rotates the collet chuck 22 at a low speed for a predetermined time to perform the phase alignment between the rod W and the collet chuck 22. The controller C also retracts the spindle 21 to repeat the inching operation. According to the above configuration, the tip of the bar W collides with the collet chuck 22 in the closed position and is prevented from moving forward,
Stop. By the subsequent predetermined movement of the main shaft 21, the bar W
Advances to a position where the shortcut by byte 24 is feasible. Thus, according to the bar processing apparatus having the above-described configuration and the bar processing method using the bar processing apparatus, a bar having a shape or shape that does not require inching operation, such as a round bar, can be used as a shortcut position by an extremely simple structure. Can be delivered accurately. Moreover, according to the above configuration, it is possible to omit the shortcut feeding control device for the bar feeder.

Further, according to the above bar processing apparatus and bar processing method, the inching operation at the time of shortcut feeding is executed without moving the feed arrow and the bar back and forth by the drive unit of the bar feeder. New materials such as profile materials can be accurately fed to the shortcut position. Moreover, according to the above configuration, the control of the inching operation can be executed depending on the control device of the lathe 2, and the inching control mechanism or device of the bar feeder 1 can be omitted. Further, according to the above configuration, the retreating operation of the bar W and the feed arrow 13 during the inching operation can be omitted, so that the gripping of the bar W by the finger chuck 13b can be omitted. This makes it possible to design the tip of the feed arrow 13 into a pressing surface or a pressing portion that presses the rear end of the bar W forward. The shape of such a feed arrow tip is
Not only is it extremely advantageous in isolating the vibration transmission between the bar W and the feed arrow 13 to increase the spindle rotation speed and reduce the noise, but it is also applicable to special processing such as residual material processing. , Has a very wide range of practical applications. As a modified example of the above-described embodiment, the advance position of the main shaft 21 is set to the main shaft 21.
Can be set to the most advanced position. In this case,
1, the spindle 21 and the collet chuck 22 are positioned at the frontmost position that can be set.
When the tip of the bar W contacts the collet chuck 22, the controller C switches the collet chuck 22 to the closed position, stores the position of the bar W as the reference position or the original position, and sets the spindle 21 at a predetermined distance L. ′, For example, retract by 30 to 60 mm. The controller C further closes the clamp device 16 to restrain the bar W, switch the collet chuck 22 to the open position, advance the main shaft 21 by the predetermined distance L, and rotate the collet chuck 22 at a low speed as described above. After that, the controller C sets the clamp device 16
Is opened, the bar W is moved forward, and when it is detected that the bar W has passed the reference position, the inching control is ended,
The rod W is fed to the shortcut position by the feed arrow 13 and / or the spindle 21. On the other hand, when the controller C does not detect the passage of the bar W at the reference position, the main shaft 21 is retracted, the clamp device 16 is closed, the main shaft 21 is advanced by a predetermined distance L, the collet chuck 22 is rotated at a low speed, and the bar A series of operations for detecting the passage of the reference position of W is repeatedly executed.

In the above embodiment, the controller C
Controls the operation of both the bar feeder 1 and the lathe 2, but the above control may be executed by the dedicated controller of the bar feeder 1 and the dedicated controller of the lathe 2. In the above embodiment, the position of the feed arrow 13 is set to the position sensor L.
Although it is detected by S1 and LS3, the position of the feed arrow 13 may be detected by an encoder or the like. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the clamp device 16 that holds the feed arrow 13 is used in order to regulate the unexpected forward and backward displacement of the feed arrow 13, but the feed arrow 13 is provided by a friction brake that frictionally engages the feed arrow 13. Alternatively, the driving force or the thrust force of the feed arrow 13 may be temporarily cut off by the drive control device. Further, in a bar material processing apparatus or method for exclusively processing a bar material, for example, a round material, which is relatively easily inserted through the collet chuck 22 without requiring an inching operation, the inching operation control routine shown in FIG. It can be omitted.

[0028]

As described above, according to the above-mentioned configuration of the present invention, the shortcut feeding of the bar is surely performed without complicating the shortcut feeding mechanism or the shortcut feeding control device of the bar feeder. It is possible to provide a bar material processing apparatus and a bar material processing method that can be executed. Particularly, according to the bar material processing device and the bar material processing method described in claims 1, 3, 5, 6, 8 and 9, the configuration of the shortcut feeding mechanism or the shortcut feeding control device is simplified or omitted. In addition, it is possible to provide a bar processing apparatus and a bar processing method capable of accurately feeding a new material such as a round material to a shortcut position. Further, according to the bar material processing apparatus and the bar material processing method described in claims 2 to 5 and 7 to 10, the inching operation at the time of shortcut feeding is executed by a simple mechanism or device, and a new material such as a deformed material is newly formed. A bar processing apparatus and a bar processing method capable of accurately feeding a material to a shortcut position can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a bar processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic structure of a clamp device.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a schematic control routine of a bar processing apparatus by a controller.

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a control routine of an inching operation by a controller.

FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view showing the operation of the bar processing apparatus when the feed arrow is retracted.

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of the bar processing apparatus showing a state in which a feed arrow is retracted to a last retracted position.

FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of a bar processing apparatus showing a state where the bar collides with the collet chuck in the closed position.

FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of the bar processing apparatus showing a state in which the clamp device is closed and the main shaft is retracted.

FIG. 9 is a schematic plan view of the bar processing apparatus showing a state in which a bar is fed to a shortcut position and immediately before being short-cut.

FIG. 10 is a schematic plan view showing a bar processing apparatus during shortcut processing.

FIG. 11 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view showing the positional relationship between the collet chuck and the bar tip portion during an inching operation.

FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of a conventional bar material processing apparatus composed of a bar material feeder and a spindle moving type lathe, in which the outlines of a shortcut feeding process and a shortcut process are shown in stages.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 bar feeder 2 lathe 11 body frame 12 material shelf 13 feed arrow 14 endless chain 15 sprocket 16 clamp device 16a, 16b clamp member 21 main shaft 22 collet chuck 23 guide bush 24 tool C controller R rotor LR rotation Quantity detector

Claims (10)

(57) [Claims] 1. A spindle-moving lathe equipped with a spindle that is movable in the axial direction of a bar and a machining tool for turning the bar, and the bar in relation to a product processing step of the lathe. Has a bar material supply device for supplying a predetermined amount of movement to the lathe, and the bar material supply device replenishes the bar material with a bar material replenishing device that holds new bar material And a bar feeding device for feeding the bar to the lathe, the bar feeding device driving the bar feeding member for feeding the bar toward the lathe. And a chuck control device for selectively opening and closing the chuck of the main spindle, wherein the chuck control device directs the bar material feeding device to move the bar material to a shortcut position. Switch the chuck to the closed position to move the bar Bar machining apparatus, wherein a forward end provided with a shortcut feeding control means preventing by said chuck. 2. The chuck control device is provided with inching control means for stopping the rod, advancing the main shaft a predetermined distance, and rotating the chuck when the tip of the rod does not penetrate the chuck. The bar material processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The chuck control device positions the main shaft at the most advanced position to switch the chuck to a closed position, and after the tip of the bar member comes into contact with the chuck in the closed position,
The bar material processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the main shaft is retracted by a predetermined distance. 4. The inching control means retracts the main shaft by a predetermined distance and retracts the bar and the chuck when the tip of the bar does not penetrate the chuck after the main shaft advances and the chuck rotates. The bar material processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: 5. The bar feed member includes a feed arrow, and the bar feeder has a braking device that brakes the movement of the feed arrow, wherein the bar is stopped by the chuck. When it is placed at a position where it can be engaged with the feed arrow,
The bar material processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when the chuck is switched to the open position, forward and / or backward movement of the feed arrow is restricted. 6. A spindle moving lathe having a spindle movable in the axial direction of the bar and a machining tool for turning the bar, and the bar in relation to a product machining process of the lathe. By a bar material feeder that supplies the lathe to the lathe by a predetermined movement set amount, in a bar material processing method of cutting a product from a bar material, a new material of the replenished bar material is advanced toward the lathe,
A bar introducing step of introducing a bar into the lathe; a bar stopping step of switching the chuck of the spindle to a closed position at the time of the short-cut feeding to prevent the tip of the bar from advancing by the chuck; Spindle retracting step of switching the chuck to the open position and retracting the spindle, and switching the chuck to the closed position, gripping an intermediate portion of the stopped bar material with the chuck, advancing the spindle, and short-cutting the bar material. And a shortcut moving step of advancing to a position. 7. An inching step of rotating the chuck while the rod is stationary and the spindle is moved forward a predetermined distance when the tip of the rod does not penetrate the chuck when the spindle is retracted. Claim 6
The bar processing method described in. 8. A spindle positioning step of positioning the spindle at the most forward position before switching the chuck to the closed position; and, after the tip of the bar material comes into contact with the chuck at the closed position, moves the chuck to the open position. The bar material processing method according to claim 6, further comprising a preliminary spindle retreating step of retracting the spindle by a predetermined distance before switching. 9. A chuck penetrating means for detecting a penetrating of the rod by detecting a bar passing through the reference position by setting a position where the bar has stopped in the preliminary spindle retreating step as a reference position. The bar material processing method according to claim 8, further comprising a detection step. 10. A re-inching step of retracting the spindle and retracting the rod and the chuck when the tip of the rod does not penetrate the chuck after advancing the spindle and rotating the chuck. The bar material processing method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, which is characterized in that.