JP2681437B2 - Pneumatic ice maker - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ice making device for making ice by using air as a heat medium, and more specifically, it is used in an ice making facility for playing / sports such as bobsleigh, ice skating, ice hockey and the like. The present invention relates to a pneumatic ice making device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Ice making facilities such as ice skating, ice hockey, and bobsleigh are required to perform ice making and ice supplementing properly and quickly.

Conventionally, in such an ice utilization facility, an ice making method of directly expanding a heat medium (CFC, ammonia, etc.) of a refrigeration cycle by an ice making coil (evaporator) embedded in a link or a course is used. Many devices are used. In addition, an ice making device of a type in which brine produced by a refrigerator is circulated in the coil is also used.

[0004]

However, in the conventional facilities, there is a possibility that heat medium leakage or brine leakage may occur due to poor construction or aging. In particular, at the time of regular maintenance, leaks inevitably occur when cleaning the strainer or the like. According to one report, it is calculated that 5% of the amount of heat transfer medium held in the equipment system is released per year.

Freon leakage causes a problem of ozone layer depletion,
Ammonia and brine leaks also cause air and soil pollution. Therefore, a workaround is urgently needed from the viewpoint of environmental protection.

A refrigeration cycle using air as a heating medium is also known. However, this pneumatic refrigeration cycle generally consumes a large amount of driving power and electric power because of its low efficiency.
Therefore, the pneumatic refrigeration cycle is not generally used because it has a high running cost and lacks energy saving. For example, when making ice in an environment where the outside air is 5 ° C, the coefficient of performance is about 0.8, which is 1/2 to 1/3 the performance coefficient of a refrigerator using CFCs. There is nothing.

On the other hand, a cogeneration system that comprehensively uses heat and power of a heat engine has become widespread, and various energy-saving techniques for using the power as a drive source of a refrigerator have been developed. It was However, all refrigerators used a heat medium such as CFC or ammonia.

In view of such a situation, the present invention has an object to more efficiently make ice in an ice utilization facility without using a heat medium or brine.

[0009]

According to the present invention, an air compressor is provided in an air circulation path, and a compressed air cooler for cooling compressed air obtained by the compressor by using a heat medium outside the system, An air expander for expanding the air that has passed through the cooler to obtain low-temperature air and an ice-making heat exchanger for making ice using the low-temperature air that has passed through the expander are arranged in the order of air flow, In an air type ice making device in which a refrigeration cycle is formed using air as a heat medium, this device uses a heat for exchanging heat between the air before entering the air expansion device and the air that has passed through the ice making heat exchanger. In addition to this basic configuration, it is further provided with a heat exchanger for recovery. (1) The air circulating in the air circulation path is composed of dry air that does not substantially contain water. Dry air passed through the air expander A low-temperature dry air discharge port for discharging a part of the air to the outside of the system is provided in the path leading to the heat exchanger for ice making or in the middle of the heat exchanger for ice making, and the air circulation path is dry. An outside air intake of a dehumidifier intervening for introducing air is provided between the heat recovery heat exchanger and the air compressor, or (2) an air expansion device is provided by the air flow in the path. A pneumatic ice-making device comprising a rotor that rotates and a rotary shaft of the rotor connected to a rotary shaft of a power generator for driving the air compressor via a one-way clutch. Will be provided.

The air type ice making device of the present invention has a heat for ice making.
The exchanger shall be a pipe buried in the ice surface of the ice sports facility.
Can be The facility for ice sports is Bobsley
In the case of the Luge competition course, the
Cold wind outward pipe installed on one side along the skill course and the other
Connect many in parallel with the cold air return pipe installed beside the
You. At the same time, this buried pipe runs along the competition course.
Cold wind on the side of the cold wind and cold wind on the other side
A first group connected in parallel with the return pipe,
Cold wind return pipe and others installed on one side along the competition course
Connected in parallel with the cold wind outward pipe installed at one side
A second group of the first group of tubes and a second group of
The tubes of the group are alternately arranged.

[0011]

When the air is compressed into high-pressure air (for example, 2 atm), the temperature becomes 80 ° C. or higher, so that it can be easily cooled to near normal temperature at the tap water temperature or the outside air temperature. When this room temperature high pressure air is further cooled by the low temperature air that has passed through the ice making heat exchanger, a lower temperature high pressure air is obtained. If this low-temperature high-pressure air is expanded to near normal pressure with an air expansion device, it will be -5 ° C.
It is possible to obtain low temperature air of about -45 ° C.

If the cold air below 0 ° C. is passed through a cool air blower (tube) embedded in the link or course, the ice link or ice course can be made indoors or outdoors. Further, even if a part of the air at the temperature of 0 ° C. or lower is brought into direct contact with a water drop or a water film flow, the ice can be directly produced.

When the outside air or tap water is used to cool the compressed air, hot air and hot water are obtained, which can be used for heating or keeping the temperature of the facility.

The air compressor of the pneumatic ice making device according to the present invention can use a normal device using rotary power, but by obtaining the rotary power from the power shaft of the engine for cogeneration or the exhaust turbine. The power recovery and heat extraction of the cogeneration system can be performed efficiently.

Further, the load of the power machine can be reduced by collecting the rotary power obtained by the rotary rotor of the air expansion device to the rotary shaft of the power machine connected to the rotor shaft via a one-way clutch. ， The power of the system can be recovered more efficiently.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG.
Shows the arrangement of each device of the pneumatic ice making device according to the present invention. As shown in the drawing, an air compressor 1, a compressed air cooler 2 for cooling the compressed air obtained by the compressor 1 using a heat medium outside the system, and a cooler 2 pass through a closed air circulation path. An air expander 3 for expanding the cooled air to obtain low-temperature air and an ice-making heat exchanger 4 for making ice using the low-temperature air that has passed through the expander 3 are arranged in the order of air flow. .

The above-mentioned pneumatic ice making device further comprises a heat recovery heat exchanger 5 for exchanging heat between the air before entering the air expansion device 3 and the air having passed through the ice making heat exchanger 4. ing. The air that has passed through the heat recovery heat exchanger 5 is returned to the air compressor 1 again through the letter path 6.

The heat recovery heat exchanger 5 comprises an air-to-air heat exchanger as shown in FIG. That is, one air passage 16 and the other air passage 17 are alternately formed in a large number of gaps partitioned by a plurality of plates 15, and both of the air 16 and 17 are arranged to increase the heat exchange rate. It is composed of a large number of pore passages 18, 19.

In the heat recovery heat exchanger 5 as described above, the compressed air compressed by the air compressor 1 is passed through one air passage 16 (or 17) and the other air passage 17 is passed.
The air discharged from the ice-making heat exchanger 4 is passed through (or 16). Heat exchange is performed between the low temperature air that has just come out of the ice making heat exchanger 4 and the high temperature compressed air, and the compressed air is cooled. In addition, the temperature of the air in the retort path 6 is raised, and the temperature of the air returned to the air compressor 1 is increased. As a result, the coefficient of performance of the refrigeration cycle is improved.

On the other hand, the original compressed air cooler 2 for cooling the compressed air is composed of two heat exchangers 2A and 2B.

The heat exchanger 2A, as shown in FIG.
A shell-and-tube heat exchanger having a large number of U-shaped tubes 21 inside the shell 20 is used.
A water inlet 22 and a water outlet 23 are provided at the base end of the shell 20. The water inlet 22 and the water outlet 23 are tubes 21
Are communicated by. An air inlet 24 and an air outlet 25 'are formed in the shell 20.

In the shell and tube heat exchanger 2A as described above, the cooling water introduced from the water inlet 22 is passed through the U-shaped tube 21 and discharged from the water outlet 23. In winter, normal tap water is used as cooling water. Further, the compressed air compressed by the air compressor 1 is introduced into the shell 20 through the air inlet 24 and the air outlet 2
It is derived from 5 '. In this way, heat exchange is performed between the cooling water and the air inside the shell 20, and the compressed air is cooled.

The heat exchanger 2B is an air-to-air heat exchanger, and has the same structure as the heat recovery heat exchanger 5 shown in FIG. 2, for example. The cooling air used for the heat exchanger 2B is
Must be cold. If the operation time of the ice making device is winter, the outside air can be used as it is as the cooling air for the heat exchanger 2B.

The air compressor 1 forcibly compresses the air by the rotational power of the power generator 7, and produces high-pressure air of, for example, about 2 atm. This air compressor 1 is shown in FIG. 4 and FIG.
As shown in Fig. 2, a twin screw type compressor is used. Although the structure itself is known, a male rotor 25 having a screw blade and a female rotor 27 having a screw groove are engaged with each other. The air is compressed due to the volume change. Axis 2 of male rotor 25
6 and the shaft 28 of the female rotor 27 are meshed with each other by gears 29 and 30, and the rotation from the power machine 7 is transmitted to the shaft 26 so that the rotors 25 and 27 rotate in opposite directions.
The air sucked from the suction port 31 with this rotation is
It is gradually compressed in the tooth spaces of both rotors 25, 27 and becomes high pressure air of about 2 atm, and is discharged to the discharge port 32. FIG.
The power machine 7 shown in is a motor.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the air expansion device 3 is a twin-screw type expansion device having a symmetrical structure to the air compressor 1. That is, the shaft 36 of the male rotor 35
And the shaft 38 of the female rotor 37 are meshed with each other by gears 39 and 40, and the rotors 35 and 37 rotate in opposite directions. The compressed air created by the air compressor 1 is sucked into the intake port 41.
Enters the air expansion device 3 from the
Rotate 5,37. Then, it adiabatically expands to a point having a pressure slightly higher than the normal pressure, and along with this expansion, it becomes low-temperature air and exits from the discharge port 42.

The shaft 36 of the male rotor 35 of the air expansion device 3 is connected to the power shaft 43 of the power machine 7 via a one-way clutch 44.

As shown in FIG. 7, the one-way clutch 44 includes an outer ring 46 and an inner ring 47 having a large number of cams 45.
It is composed of The cam 45 has these outer ring 46 and inner ring 4
It is arranged obliquely with respect to the radial direction of 7, and due to the inclination of the cam 45, rotation is transmitted between the outer ring 46 and the inner ring 47 in only one direction. Although the structure itself of the one-way clutch 44 as described above is well known to those skilled in the art, by connecting the rotor shaft 36 of the air expansion device 3 and the power shaft 43 of the power machine 7 via the clutch 44, The rotational energy obtained by rotating both rotors 35 and 37 in the air expansion device 3 is transmitted to the power shaft 43 of the power machine 7 and recovered as a part of the driving force of the air compressor 1.

As shown in FIG. 8, the power of the air compressor 1 may be obtained from the power shaft 51 of the heat engine for cogeneration, that is, the engine 50 for power generation.
When the air compressor 1 is driven by the power of the heat engine 50, the transmission 52 is interposed between the power shaft 51 of the heat engine 50 and the drive shaft 26 of the air compressor 1.

In the heat engine 50, the high temperature exhaust gas exhausted by fuel combustion is sent to the exhaust gas boiler, exchanges heat with water, and is then exhausted outside the system as exhaust gas. As a result, high-pressure steam is taken out from the exhaust gas boiler and hot water is taken out from the cooling water. The power of the air compressor 1 can also be obtained from the exhaust turbine of the heat engine 50 for cogeneration as described above.

The surplus power of the heat engine 50 is used as power for power generation, and further as power for other power machinery, if necessary. That is, the rotational power of the heat engine 50 is appropriately used for power storage or the like in accordance with the start / stop of the ice making device and the driving condition, and is operated so as not to generate useless power as a whole.

The ice-making heat exchanger 4 is a heat exchanger that produces an ice layer on the outer surface thereof by passing low-temperature air produced by the air expansion device 3 through it.

This ice-making heat exchanger 4 is buried in the ice surface of an ice sports facility such as a bobsleigh or luge competition course or a skating rink to form a necessary ice layer. The ice-making heat exchanger 4 may be composed of a large number of ventilation pipes depending on the position and form of the ice layer. It is also used as a heat exchange coil with fins or as a surface heat heat exchanger in which a ventilation pipe is embedded in a heat transfer material, on an ice sports facility.

FIG. 9 shows a bobsled or luge competition course 53. The competition course 53 having a length of about 1.3 Km is divided into 7 systems of to, and each system is provided with an individually controlled ice making device. In the figure, the black double circle marks of ~ indicate the position of the ice making device provided in each system. However, the air circulation paths between the ice making devices provided in the adjacent systems are connected by bypass or the like, so that backup can be performed in case of failure.

The starting point of the above-mentioned competition course 53 is the start point 53a.
There is a starting point 53b for Juniah slightly downstream of a. A traveling vehicle body such as a bobsled, which has left the start points 53a and 53b and finished sliding on the competition course 53, reaches the goal 53c. Goal 53c and start point 5
A communication passage 54 for transporting the traveling vehicle body is provided between 3a and 53b.

FIG. 10 shows a piping diagram of the ice-making heat exchanger 4 buried in the competition course, and FIG. 11 shows a plan view thereof. A cold air outgoing pipe 55a and a cold air return pipe 56b, and a cold air outgoing pipe 55b and a cold air return pipe 56a are attached to both sides of the course. Base ends 57a of the cold wind outward pipes 55a, 55b,
57b is connected to an air expansion device and has tips 58a and 58b.
Is sealed. The cold air return pipes 56a, 56b are U-shaped pipes, and one ends 59a, 59b are connected to a heat recovery heat exchanger. The other ends 60a and 60b are sealed.

The one side of the cold air going pipe 55a and the other side of the cold air returning pipe 56a, and the other side of the cold air going pipe 55b and the one side of the cold air returning pipe 56b are in a pair relationship. Between the cold air outward pipe 55a and the cold air return pipe 56a, and between the cold air outward pipe 55b and the cold air return pipe 56b, which are in a pair respectively,
A large number of pipes 61a and 61b of the heat exchanger 4 for ice making are connected in parallel. As shown, a group of tubes 61a and tubes 61a
The groups of b are arranged such that the tubes are located alternately.

The low temperature air produced by the air expansion device 3 described above is divided into halves when it is introduced into the heat exchanger 4 for ice making, and the open ends 57a and 57b of the respective cold air outward pipes 55a and 55b are divided. Is supplied to. Tip 5 of cold wind outward pipe
Since 7a and 57b are sealed, the low temperature air supplied to the cold air outward pipe passes through the respective pipes 61a and 61b and is collected in the cold air return pipes 56a and 56b. Cold wind return pipe 56
The air collected in a and 56b are put together again and put into the retan channel 6.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a straight course of a bobsled competition course equipped with the ice making device according to the present invention. Reference numeral 65 is a concrete foundation, 66 is a concrete base, and 67 is a heat insulating mortar layer. Side covers 68a and 68b are provided on both sides of the course, and the covers 68a are provided.
Inside the cool air outgoing pipe 55a, the cold air return pipe 56b and the tap water pipe 69.
And a cold air outward pipe 55b, a cold air return pipe 56a, and a hot water pipe 70 are arranged in the cover 68b.

On the heat insulating mortar layer 67, the cold air intake pipe 5
5a and a cold air return pipe 56a connected to the pipe 61a, and a cold air forward pipe 55b and a cold air return pipe 56b connected to the pipe 6
A large number of pipes 1b are arranged so as to cross the course. The group of tubes 61a and the group of tubes 61b are shown in FIG.
As described above, the tubes are arranged in parallel so that the tubes are alternately located. The upper surfaces of the tubes 61a and 61b are covered with a heat transfer mortar layer through a metal mesh. Metal powder is mixed in the heat transfer mortar layer.

Cold air outward pipe 55 of both covers 68a, 68b
As described with reference to FIG. 1, low temperature air produced by the air expansion device 3 is fed into the a and 55b. The low-temperature air passes through the pipes 61a and 61b buried in the course, is then recovered by the cold air return pipes 56a, 56b, and is returned to the air compressor 1 through the heat recovery heat exchanger 5 and the retin passage 6. .

As shown in FIG. 1, depending on the ice utilization facility, part of the low temperature air obtained by the air expansion device 3 is discharged to the outside from the air discharge port 8. The air outlet 8 is
It comprises a valve or damper 9 and a nozzle 10. In this way, a part of the low temperature air is discharged to the outside from the air discharge port 8 and brought into contact with water to generate a necessary amount of ice at an intended place.

When a part of the circulating air is discharged from the system as in this example, it is necessary to take in the outside air in proportion to the outside air into the system. The outside air intake is a heat recovery heat exchanger 5.
It is provided in the middle of the resin path 6 from the air compressor 1 to the air compressor 1. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the valve or damper 11
The outside air intake 12 through which the valve is inserted is connected to the return passage 6 so that a required amount of outside air can be taken into the closed passage by operating the valve or the damper 11.

When external air is taken into the system, removal of moisture becomes a problem, but this can be solved by interposing an air dehumidifier 13 on the upstream side of the air compressor 1. That is, by using the air dehumidifier 13, it is possible to supply dry air containing substantially no water to the circulation path. As the air dehumidifier 13, it is convenient to use a dry dehumidifier using a hygroscopic agent such as silica gel. In this case, it is necessary to regenerate the hygroscopic agent, but in addition to the Munter type (a dehumidifier having a rotary regeneration function), a double tower type that performs regeneration and moisture absorption in a switching type can also be used ( The example of FIG. 1 shows an example of a double tower type).

FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a curved course of a bobsled competition course provided with the ice making device according to the present invention. The basic structure is the same as that of the straight course described in FIG. 12, and 75 is a concrete base, 76 is a concrete foundation, and 77 is a heat insulating mortar layer. The heat insulating mortar layer 77 has a cross section of L to form a bank.
It is shaped like a letter. Side covers 78 on both sides of the course
a and 78b are installed, and the cold air outward pipe 5 is provided in the cover 78a.
5a, a cold air return pipe 56b and a tap water pipe 79 are arranged, and a cold air outward pipe 55b, a cold air return pipe 56a and a hot water pipe 80 are arranged in the cover 78b. On the heat insulating mortar layer 77, a pipe 61a connected between the cold air outward pipe 55a and the cold air return pipe 56a and a pipe 61b connected between the cold air outward pipe 55b and the cold air return pipe 56b cross the course. In this way, many pipes are installed.

The curved course as described above is used for the cold wind outward pipe 55.
An air discharge port 8 is provided for taking out low temperature air from b. A nozzle 82 is connected to the air outlet 8 via a flexible tube 81.

Therefore, the course maintenance worker 83 is
A part of the low temperature air in 5b can be ejected from the nozzle 82 through the air discharge port 8 and the flexible tube 81, and ice can be replenished at the intended place on the course surface to maintain the course. At this time, the course maintenance personnel 8 can simultaneously spray the appropriate amount of water taken out from the tap water pipe 84 provided in the cover 78b from the nozzle 82.
3 can perform more effective ice making. In particular,
As shown in FIG. 13, the course mechanic 83 can perform an efficient work by using the low temperature air ejected from the nozzle 82 in repairing an uneven curved course or in a place where there is much sunlight. For example, the sprayed water extracted from the tap water pipe 84 is made into ice droplets and sprayed on ice rinks or ice-replenishing points of the course, or a water film is formed at the ice-replenishing points, and low-temperature air is blown from the nozzles 82 to this water film. The water film can be attached to freeze. Further, by mixing and spraying the low temperature air taken out from the cold air outgoing pipe 55b and the water taken out from the tap water pipe 84 in this way, it is suitable for an ice layer containing a proper amount of air, that is, a bobsleigh or luge competition course. An ice layer is formed on the surface of the course.

The hot water taken out from the hot water pipe 80 can be used for melting ice on the surface of the course and snow melting at other facilities. For example, the snow accumulated on the connecting road 54 shown in FIG. 9 may be melted by the heat of the warm water. By doing so, it becomes possible to travel on the connecting road 54 by a truck or the like, and it becomes easy to transport the traveling vehicle body.

Since the bobsled and luge competition courses meander in all directions, the required cooling capacity varies from place to place. Depending on the direction and position of the course, places with strong sunlight and wind require higher cooling capacity than other places. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 14, it is advisable to eject the low temperature air taken out from the cold air outflow pipe 55a through the duct 85 from the cold air outlet 86 to hit the ice surface of the course. In this way, by properly disposing the cold air outlet 86, the course state can be kept good. Although FIG. 14 shows the position of the course curve portion, this FIG. 14 shows the position of the nozzle 8 of FIG.
13 has the same configuration as that of FIG. 13 except that the cold air outlet 86 is replaced by 2, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 13 represent the same as those described above.

The specifications of the ice making device of the present invention as described above are as follows.
For example, when making ice at a certain ice utilization facility in winter, the following is done. Cooling area for ice making at the ice utilization facility 4500 m ² Maximum load for ice making at the facility 350 kcal / h ・ m ² Average load for ice making at the facility 150 kcal / h ・ m ² Required air volume 3000 m ³ / min Operating area And operating period For three months from December to February in Japan Average temperature of tap water 5 ℃ Average temperature of outside air 6.4 ℃

Under the above conditions, the low temperature air temperature supplied to the ice making heat exchanger 4 is set to -45 ° C, and the air temperature discharged from the ice making heat exchanger 4 is set to -15 ° C. The surface temperature of the ice formed is maintained at -1 to -3 ° C. For that purpose, the operation status of the ice making device is as follows, as shown in FIG.

The air compressor 1 is operated so that the outlet air is 2 atm at 88 ° C., 5 ° C. water is passed through the first heat exchanger 2 A, and the cooling water is heated to about 60 ° C. To be made. In the second heat exchanger 2B, the outside air temperature lower than 20 ° C (6.4
(° C) is aerated, and the outside air is heated to about 40 ° C. Thereby, the compressed air is cooled to 20 ° C. Both the hot water and hot air obtained have temperatures that can be used for heating and keeping the facility warm. The expansion device 3 creates air at -45 ° C, which is slightly higher than atmospheric pressure (for example, 1.1 atm). At that time, the power of the compressor is recovered. The air is sent to the ice-making heat exchanger 4, and ice-making is performed under the above-mentioned conditions in an on-ice facility. The air at -15 ° C that has exited the heat exchanger 4 for ice making passes through the heat exchanger 5 for heat recovery and is heated to 15 ° C.
Return to

As described above, a refrigeration cycle with a refrigerating capacity per 1 kg of dry air: 7.32 Kcal and a coefficient of performance: 0.8 is formed. The amount of heat generated by the warm water and warm air is 16.
At 43 Kcal / kg, the coefficient of performance is 1.8, and the coefficient of performance of the entire system: 2.6 can be formed.

Further, as described with reference to FIG. 7, when the power of the air compressor 1 is obtained from the power shaft 51 of the heat engine 50 for cogeneration, assuming that the energy of the fuel to be supplied is 1, the shaft output In the case of a heat engine with a heat capacity of 0.35 and steam and hot water recovery heat of 0.45, the cooling capacity of the ice making device is 0.28 and the heat recovery is 0.63. The total amount of heat obtained is 0.45 + 0.28 + 0.63 = 1.36. This value is the total efficiency of an engine-driven heat pump that uses a heat medium such as CFCs of 0.35 x 3.0.
It is almost the same value as +0.45 = 1.50 (3.0 is the coefficient of performance), which is a good result that could not be achieved with air as the heat medium. In addition, the heat quantity is calculated from the coefficient of performance of primary energy conversion of a conventional electric refrigerator using a heat medium such as CFC 0.35 × 3.0 = 1.05 (0.35 is the efficiency at the receiving end of commercial power). Is also a large value.

When the power of the air compressor 1 is obtained from the exhaust turbine of the heat engine 50 for cogeneration, it is possible to supply all the shaft output of the heat engine 50 to the generator for cogeneration. Further, in some cases, the shaft output of the heat engine 50 can be utilized as a transportation power source for passengers and freight transportation of the facility. In that case, assuming that the exhaust of the heat engine is 580 ° C. and the pressure is 2 atm, the exhaust turbine exhaust side is 430 ° C. and the pressure is 1 atm, and the boiler outlet exhaust is 250 ° C. and the pressure is 1 atm, the energy of the supplied fuel is 1. For example, the shaft output is 0.25, the exhaust turbine output is 0.1, and the recovered heat of steam and hot water is about 0.32.

Therefore, when the power of the air compressor 1 is obtained from the exhaust turbine of the heat engine 50 for cogeneration, the cooling capacity obtained in the air type refrigeration cycle is 0.08 and the recovered heat is 0.18. Since it is obtained, the power is 0.25 and the heat quantity is 0.32 + 0.08 + 0.18 = 0.58. This is comparable to the existing power and heat quantity for cogeneration. Therefore, despite the refrigeration cycle using air as the heating medium,
A very efficient energy saving system for power recovery can be constructed.

In the ice making apparatus of the present invention, hot water or hot air is taken out by the heat exchanger 2A or the heat exchanger 2B described with reference to FIG. 1, but this requires hot water piping or hot air piping at the feet of the spectators. By doing so, the spectator seats can be formed in a thermal environment.
The hot water pipe 70 of FIG. 12 and the hot water pipe 80 of FIG. 13 are laid so as to be able to supply warm heat to the feet of spectators and related persons standing near the course. In addition, by taking hot water for ice melting during course repair from this hot water pipe and sprinkling it onto the course, effective ice melting can be performed.

Although not shown in the figure, the spectator environment is maintained even when the competition is held during the severe winter season by installing a warm air duct for guiding the warm air to the temporary stand for spectators and the walkway. It will be kept good. Further, by using warm water for snow melting on the connecting road 54 shown in FIG. 9, the work of transporting the competition vehicle body between the goal and the start can be facilitated.

The above embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to an outdoor bobsled or luge competition course.
The present invention is similarly applied to indoor stadiums such as ice skates. In this case, the ice-making heat exchanger 4 is configured as various types of heat exchangers according to the ice-making area and the thickness and shape of the ice-making. For example, by embedding a cold air tube inside the heat transfer mortar, forming the cold air tube into a coil with fins, or configuring it as a panel heat exchanger, it is possible to improve the strength compensation and heat transfer of the cold air tube. To be

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11,
The tubes of the heat exchanger 4 for ice making are the cold air going tube 55a and the cold air returning tube 5
The pipes 61a for passing the low temperature air between the 6a and the pipes 61b for passing the low temperature air between the cold air outward pipe 55b and the cold air return pipe 56b are divided into two groups, and the respective pipes are arranged alternately. By doing so, the entire ice sports facility such as the skating rink will be evenly and uniformly cooled.

[0060]

As described above, according to the present invention, a refrigeration cycle having a high coefficient of performance can be formed even if air is used as a heat medium by heat recovery and power recovery. Since the cold energy for ice making is obtained through air, the ice making at the ice utilization facility is completely pollution-free. On the contrary, by releasing cold air, which is a heat medium, to the outside air, it can be used for ice making. In this case, the ice surface with the intended shape is easily formed. In addition, the compression heat of the compressor used to obtain cold air is collected in the form of hot air or hot water, and this can be used to form a thermal environment, so that effective use of power energy can be achieved. In addition, since it is a piping facility that uses only air and water, construction is simple and repairs are easy. When combined with a heat engine for cogeneration, total energy saving is achieved, and the running cost burden, which is a drawback of pneumatic ice making equipment, is greatly reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a device layout diagram of an ice making device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an air-to-air heat exchanger.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the air compressor.

FIG. 5 is a layout diagram of an air compressor, an electric motor, and an air expansion device.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the air expansion device.

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view of the one-way clutch.

FIG. 8 is a layout diagram of an air compressor, a heat engine for cogeneration, and an air expansion device.

Figure 9: Plan view of the bobsled or luge competition course

[Fig. 10] Piping diagram of the heat exchanger for ice making

FIG. 11 is a plan view of piping of the heat exchanger for ice making.

[Figure 12] Cross-section of the straight part of the competition course

[Figure 13] Cross-sectional view of the curved section of the competition course

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a curved portion of a competition course having a cold air outlet.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Air Compressor 2 Compressed Air Cooler 3 Air Expander 4 Heat Exchanger for Ice Making 5 Heat Exchanger for Heat Recovery

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. An air compressor, a compressed air cooler for cooling compressed air obtained by this compressor using a heat medium outside the system, and an air passing through this cooler is expanded in an air circulation path. An air expansion device for obtaining low-temperature air and an ice-making heat exchanger for making ice using the low-temperature air that has passed through this expansion device are arranged in the order of air flow, and a refrigeration cycle is formed using air as the heat medium. In a pneumatic ice maker,
This apparatus further comprises a heat recovery heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the air before entering the air expansion device and the air that has passed through the ice making heat exchanger, and circulates through the air circulation path. The air to be formed consists of dry air that is substantially free of moisture,
A low temperature for releasing a part of the dry air in the circulation path from the system to the heat exchanger for ice making after passing through the air expansion device or in the middle of the heat exchanger for ice making. A dry air discharge port is provided, and an outside air intake port of a dehumidifier for introducing dry air into the air circulation path of this device is provided between the heat recovery heat exchanger and the air compressor. A pneumatic ice making device characterized in that 2. The pneumatic ice making device according to claim 1, wherein a nozzle is connected to the air outlet through a flexible tube. 3. The pneumatic ice-making device according to claim 1, wherein the air outlet is a cold air outlet that directs the air in the path onto an ice surface for sports on ice. 4. An air compressor, a compressed air cooler that cools the compressed air obtained by this compressor using a heat medium outside the system, and an air that has passed through this cooler is expanded in an air circulation path. An air expansion device for obtaining low-temperature air and an ice-making heat exchanger for making ice using the low-temperature air that has passed through this expansion device are arranged in the order of air flow, and a refrigeration cycle is formed using air as the heat medium. In a pneumatic ice maker,
The apparatus further comprises a heat recovery heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the air before entering the air expander and the air passing through the ice making heat exchanger, and the air expander is A rotor provided with a rotational force by a compressed air flow, the rotating shaft of which is connected to the rotating shaft of a power machine for driving the air compressor via a one-way clutch. A pneumatic ice making device characterized in that 5. The pneumatic ice making device according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the heat exchanger for ice making comprises a pipe buried in an ice surface of a facility for ice sports. 6. The ice sports facility is a bobsled or luge competition course, and a pipe of a heat exchanger for ice making is provided at one side along the competition course with a cold wind outward pipe and another at the other side. The air-type ice making device according to claim 5, wherein a large number of the cold-air return pipes are connected in parallel. 7. A large number of ice heat exchanger pipes are connected in parallel between a cold wind outward pipe installed at one side along the competition course and a cold air return pipe installed at the other side along the competition course. 2nd group connected in parallel between the 1st group that is installed and the cold wind return pipe that is installed on one side along the competition course and the cold wind outward pipe that is installed on the other side 7. The pneumatic ice-making device according to claim 6, wherein the first group of pipes and the second group of pipes are alternately arranged. 8. The pneumatic ice making device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein the power for driving the air compressor is obtained from an output shaft of a heat engine for cogeneration or an exhaust turbine. .