JP2679770B2 - Excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a soil improvement and one of column-type underground continuous construction methods in which cement-type hardener is mixed with in-situ soil by an auger, and a burden material is inserted into the pillar to form a pillar. In a soil cement column construction method for forming a row wall, the present invention relates to a multi-axis excavating device in which a plurality of excavating spindles including excavating blades, stirring blades, kneading blades, etc. are vertically movable along an auger leader. Is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Excavators are used for ground improvement, soil cement column wall construction method of continuous underground wall construction method, and the like. The soil cement column wall construction method is equipped with screws such as drilling blades and stirring blades at the tips of multiple hollow drilling spindles installed in an excavator. This is a method of spraying a liquid such as a cement-based curing agent (hereinafter, cement milk) and stirring the in-situ soil and the cement milk. In order to complete the stirring of the cement milk and the in-situ soil, the stirring blade and auger are moved up and down several times while stirring. After continuing excavation, jetting of cement milk and stirring to a predetermined depth, the excavation main shaft is pulled out, and after the excavation is completed, a stress bearing material such as H-section steel is inserted to reinforce the formed column row.

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 10, an excavator (10) provided with a plurality of excavating spindles (6) has been proposed (JP-A-3-253688). This is a base machine (11) arranged so as to be turnable on a traveling carriage (12) and the base machine (1).
A boom (14) attached to 1), a base arm (11) and a supporting arm (81) (81) pivoted at their base ends to the boom (14),
A rotary drive unit (82) supported by the supporting arms (81) (81) at the lower front of the base machine (11), and a plurality of excavating spindles provided on the rotary drive unit (82) so as to be vertically movable. (6) and a bearing device (89) for bearing the upper end of the excavating spindle (6).

As shown in FIG. 11, the rotary drive unit (82) has a table (86) rotatably disposed inside the underframe (83) and a frame (8).
The rack surface (85) and the table (8
The gear (87) of the turning motor (88) installed in 6) meshes. Further, a plurality of excavating spindles (6) are arranged side by side in the table (86), and the excavating spindle (6) is driven by a rotary shaft drive motor (80) installed on the table (86). Rotate at the same time. When the turning motor (88) is driven, the gear (87) rotates, and the rotation causes the table (86) to rotate. Table (8
As a result of the turning of (6), the plurality of excavating spindles (6) arranged side by side on the table (86) are turned around the center of the table (86) by orienting the direction of the axis row surface (7) including each axis (6). Can be changed as

[0005]

However, in the turning mechanism having the above structure, the turning center of the turning table (86) coincides with the shaft row surface (7) of the plurality of excavating spindles (6). Also, since the shape of the turning table (86) is circular, the axis line surface should be parallel to the wall when working near the wall.
When (7) is rotated and the shaft row surface (7) is brought close to the wall surface,
The shortest distance A between the wall surface and the shaft row surface (7) is the turning table (8
It is equal to the radius of 6), and the shaft surface (7) cannot approach the wall beyond that. Therefore, the greater the number and thickness of the excavating spindles (6), the greater the distance between the wall surface and the shaft row surface (7), and the soil cement column row is formed farther from the wall. An object of the present invention is to further provide an axis line surface (7) passing through the axial centers of a plurality of excavating spindles (6) on a wall surface when performing wall-side work in which the turning angle of the base machine (11) is limited. It is an object of the present invention to provide an excavator that can be formed close to a wall surface of a cement column.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in an excavator (1) according to the present invention, a plurality of excavating spindles (6) penetrate a swivel frame (31). , Same axis row surface
The swivel frame (31) is provided in the (7) and is rotatably supported by the leader (2) around a position separated from the shaft row surface (7) in the direction of the leader (2) as a swivel center. Further, according to the present invention, a drive device for driving a plurality of excavation main shafts (6) and a swivel device (3) for swiveling a swivel frame (31) are moved up and down to a lower position of a leader (2) in front of a base machine (11). It is arranged as possible and is connected to the lifting device (30). Further, according to the present invention, a driving device for driving a plurality of excavating spindles (6) is arranged at a lower position of the leader (2) in front of the base machine (11), and a turning device (3) for turning the turning frame (31). Are mounted on the bearing device (9).

[0007]

When the swivel device (3) is driven, the swivel frame (31) mounted on the swivel device (3) causes the shaft row surface (7) and the leader to move.
It makes a turn around the turning center between (2). By the turning of the turning frame (31), the shaft row surface (7) passing through the axis centers of the plurality of excavating spindles (6) arranged on the turning frame (31) turns about the turning center.

[0008]

By providing the shaft row surface (7) including the shaft centers of the plurality of excavating spindles (6) at a position eccentric to the turning center, the shape of the tip of the turning frame (31) far from the turning center can be changed. The shaft row surface (7) and the revolving frame are made substantially parallel to the shaft row surface (7).
(31) The distance to the tip can be shortened as much as possible. Therefore, when the wall-side work is performed, the wall surface and the shaft row surface of the conventional excavator (10) are
Compared with the shortest approach distance A ((7)) (Fig. 11), the excavator of the present invention
In (1), the shortest approaching distance B (FIG. 5) between the wall surface and the shaft row surface (7) can be dramatically shortened.

Further, the rotary drive device (4) is installed in the base machine (11).
By arranging it at a low position in front, the center of gravity of the excavator (1) can be lowered, the excavator (1) can be stabilized, and tipping can be prevented. Further, the rotary drive device (4) is arranged on the leader (2) so that it can be moved up and down, and in the latter half of the excavation process, the position of the drive device (4) can be lowered to near the ground.
The axial length of (6) can be effectively used.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, in this embodiment, the excavator (1) provided with the three excavating spindles (6) will be described in detail.
Needless to say, the number can be two or three or more. As shown in FIG. 1, the excavator (1) has a trolley (1
2) A base machine (11) is rotatably mounted on the base machine (11), and a leader (2) is supported by an arm (13) and a boom (14) provided in front of and above the base machine (11). . At the lower part of the leader (2), a rotary drive device (4) for rotationally driving a plurality of excavation spindles (6) and a swivel device (3) below the rotary drive device (4) are provided. A bearing device (9) for bearing the upper end of each excavation main shaft (6) is provided above the leader (2) so as to be vertically movable.

One end of the arm (13) is a base machine (11).
The other end is connected to the leader (2). Also, boom (1
4) is an expandable / contractible piston structure, one end of which is connected to the base machine (11) and the other end of which is connected to the leader (2) like the arm (13). Swing the boom (14) toward the base machine (11) and retract the boom (14) to allow the leader (2)
Is stored above the base machine (11) so as to be parallel to the ground, and the arm (13) and the boom (14) are swung in the direction away from the base machine (11) from the storage position of the leader (2). By extending the boom (14), the leader (2) can be erected vertically to the ground.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the leader (2) is a steel cylinder having a rectangular cross section and is a base machine.
A protrusion (21) for swingably connecting the arm (13) and the boom (14) is provided on the surface of the (11) side, and the lower end of the protrusion (21) is expandable to fix the leader (2) and prevent shake. A support base (22) is provided. Further, two rails (23) and (23) are provided in parallel on the surface opposite to the protrusion (21), and the bearing device (9) and the turning device (3) are provided with the rail (23). Grasp (23) and move up and down on the leader (2) while being guided.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
(2) A pair of sprockets (27) and (27) with a part of the outer peripheral surface projected are provided in the chain holes (26) and (26) formed in the upper and lower parts, and the two rails (23) and (23) ), Two lifting chains (24) are juxtaposed between the sprockets (27) and (27), and the lifting chain (24) includes a chain drive motor (25) provided below the leader (2). ), Which is rotated by the driving of (4) and is connected to the lifting chain (24) by a fastener (94).
(9) moves up and down along the rails (23) and (23).

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the swivel device (3) grips the rails (23) (23) of the leader (2) and is provided with a support base (33) capable of moving up and down, and the leader (2). ) Approximately at the center of the wire, attach the wire supports (28)
One end of (38) is fixed to the tip of one wire support tool (28a), and the wire (38) goes through the two wire rollers (39) (39) provided on the upper back surface of the support base (33) and the other The roller (29) at the tip of the wire support tool (28) is passed through, and the wire drive motor (20) of the elevating device (30) provided in the leader (2) is fastened to be wound up. The swivel device (3) consists of two rollers (3
9) and (39) are suspended around the wire (38) and vertically moved on the rails (23) and (23) by the forward and reverse rotations of the wire drive motor (20).

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the swivel support base is shown.
The revolving frame (31) is supported on the revolving frame (33) in a freely revolving manner, and the rotary drive motor (41) is provided on the revolving frame (31).

The swivel support base (33) holds the rails (23) and (23) of the leader (2) by means of guide rollers (34) and (34) which are freely rotatable on the back surface. A turning motor (32) is provided at one end of the turning support base (33), and a turning worm (35) is connected to a rotation shaft of the turning motor (32). Swivel frame
(31) Swing worm (3
The swivel gear (37) meshing with 5) is fixed, and the swivel gear (37) is driven by the rotation of the swivel motor (32) to swivel the swivel frame (31) together with the swivel gear (37). Let Therefore, the turning center of the turning frame (31) coincides with the center of the turning gear (37).

On the revolving frame (31), there is provided a revolving shaft drive motor (41) having a revolving shaft (43) parallel to the leader (2) and aligned with the center of rotation of the revolving frame (31). ing. At the lower end of the rotary shaft (43) of the rotary shaft drive motor (41),
The drive shaft (42) having a toothed surface only in the upper part and no toothed surface in the lower part is provided with a round shaft-shaped drive gear (42). And is supported by the swivel frame (31).

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the swing frame (3
In 1), the drive gear (42) meshes with the transmission gear (45) integrally provided with the central excavation support cylinder (46) via the intermediate gear (44). The central excavation support cylinder (46) is installed in parallel with the number of the excavation spindles (6) at the tip of the swivel frame (31) and is supported by the swivel frame (31).
It is provided with one or a plurality of grooves (55) which engage with the convex portions (64) of (6). The excavation main shaft (6) penetrates the support cylinder (46) and moves up and down, and is rotationally driven by the rotation of the support cylinder (46). The central support cylinder (46) integrally includes a large diameter gear (45) meshing with the intermediate gear (44) in the lower stage and a transmission gear (51) in the upper stage. The first and third support cylinders (46) (46) integrally include transmission gears (51) (51) of the same diameter that mesh with the transmission gears (51) of the central support cylinder (46). The central axes of rotation of the transmission gears (51) (51) (51) lie in the same plane, and this plane is the axis line surface.
(7). The first and third transmission gears (51) (51) are fixed to the excavation support cylinders (46) (46), respectively.

As shown in FIG. 6, the excavation main shaft (6) is an internal hollow shaft, and the cement milk is injected from the inlet port (65) at the upper end and the cement milk is ejected from the ejection hole (63) at the lower end. . An excavation blade (61) is provided at the lower end of the excavation spindle (6), and a stirring blade (62) is provided above the excavation blade (61). Further, one or a plurality of convex portions (64) are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the excavation spindle (6) in the longitudinal direction of the excavation spindle (6), and the groove (55) of the excavation support cylinder (46) is formed. ) Is slidably fitted.

The upper end of the excavation main shaft (6) is supported by a bearing device (9) pivotally mounted on the leader (2).

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, the bearing device (9)
Is configured such that a bearing frame (92) is rotatably supported by a bearing device support base (91). The bearing device support base (91) has a guide roller (93) on the back surface.
3) is arranged on the leader (2) so as to be vertically movable by gripping the rail (23) of the leader (2). or,
A fastener (94) is provided at the center of the rear surface of the bearing support (91), and is connected to the lifting chain (24) attached to the leader (2). When the lifting chain (24) is rotated by driving the chain drive motor (25), the bearing device (9) connected to the lifting chain (24) moves up and down on the rail (23) of the leader (2). Move.

The bearing frame (92) is pivotally engaged with the bearing support by a pivot pin (98), and the pivot axis of the bearing frame (92) is pivoted on the leader (2). It coincides with the central axis of rotation of the frame (31). Further, the bearing frame (92) includes the excavation support cylinder (46) of the swing frame (31).
A through hole (97) is formed so as to have the same rotation center axis as that of (1), and the excavation main shaft (6) is passed through the hole (97) for bearing. The excavation main shaft (6) is allowed to rotate with respect to the hole (97), but is prevented from moving in the axial direction by the upper shaft fixing tool (95) and the lower shaft fixing tool (96). .

The excavator (1) according to the present invention operates as follows at a construction site near a wall. First, the boom (14) is rotated and extended to make the leader (2) perpendicular to the ground, the base machine (11) is rotated, and the leader (2) is moved to the excavation point to support the leader (2). Lower the platform and secure the leader (2) on the ground. Next, the turning motor (32) is driven so that the boundary wall surface and the shaft row surface (7) are parallel to each other. The rotary shaft drive motor (41) is driven to rotate the excavation main shaft (6). After that, drive the chain drive motor (25) to move the bearing device.
Lower (9). When the excavation spindle (6) starts excavating the ground, cement milk is injected into the excavation spindle (6) and excavated to a predetermined excavation depth while continuing excavation and stirring. After excavating to a predetermined excavation depth, the bearing device (9) is raised and the excavation spindle (6) is pulled up from the ground.

When the bearing device (9) is lowered to some extent, the turning device (3) and the rotary drive device (4) are lowered to near the ground to deepen the digging depth of the digging spindle (6). Can be done.

Incidentally, as shown in FIG. 8, the excavator having the above structure.
In (1), the vehicle height C when the leader (2) is stowed is lower than the vehicle height D when the leader (2) is stowed in the past (DC is 3 parallel drilling spindle diameters of 450 mm for the spindle). (If it is made, it is about 450 mm)
Therefore, the excavator from the entrance of the construction site with height restrictions
Getting in and out of (1) is easier than before.

The description of the above embodiments is for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention described in the appended claims or reducing the scope thereof. Further, the configuration of each part of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made within the technical scope described in the claims.

For example, the number of main spindles (6) for drilling is not limited to three, and if there are a plurality of spindles, the same effect can be obtained by using the above-mentioned structure. Incidentally, a cross-sectional view of the turning device (3) and the rotation driving device (4) in the case where the excavating spindle (6) has four pieces is shown in FIG. 9 as an example. Further, in the above embodiment, the excavating spindle (6)
Although the digging blade (61) and the stirring blade (62) are provided in the above, the present invention is not limited to the above, and for example, an auger or the like may be provided.

Further, either one of the turning device (3) and the rotation driving device (4) may be provided above the reader (2) and the other one may be provided below the reader (2). Although the stability of the excavator (1) is somewhat inferior, both the swivel device (3) and the rotary drive device (4) may be provided on the upper part. Leader for rotary drive (4)
When it is installed on the upper part of (2), it is also possible to use the excavating main shaft (6) in which a screw or the like is cut over the entire length.

The convex portion (64) of the excavation spindle (6) and the excavation support cylinder (4
The groove (55) of 6) can be modified, for example, by forming a groove on the excavation main shaft (6) and providing a protrusion on the excavation support cylinder (46).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an excavator.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a turning device, a rotation driving device, and a leader.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a bearing device and a leader.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 2 and showing an elevating part of the turning device.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line YY of FIG. 2, showing a turning device and a rotation driving device.

FIG. 6 is a front view of an excavation spindle.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the bearing device.

FIG. 8 is a comparison diagram of the height of the conventional excavator when the leader is stored.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary drive device when the number of excavating spindles is four.

FIG. 10 is a side view of a conventional excavator.

FIG. 11 is a plan view of a conventional turning drive unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (1) Excavator (11) Base machine (2) Leader (3) Slewing device (31) Slewing frame (32) Slewing support base (4) Rotation drive device (6) Excavation spindle (9) Bearing device

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A base machine (11) rotatably provided on a movable carriage (12), a leader (2) provided in front of the base machine (11), and the leader (2). In an excavator equipped with a plurality of excavating spindles (6) which are rotationally driven by a deployed rotary drive device (4) and a bearing device (9) bearing the excavating spindle (6), a plurality of excavating machines are excavated. The main shaft (6) penetrates the turning frame (31) and is arranged in the same shaft row surface (7), and the turning frame (31) is separated from the shaft row surface (7) in the direction of the leader (2). Leader (2) that can freely rotate around its position
An excavator characterized by being supported by. 2. A rotary drive device (4) for driving a plurality of excavating main shafts (6) and a swivel device (3) for swiveling a swivel frame (31) are provided at a lower position of a leader (2) in front of a base machine (11). The excavator according to claim 1, wherein the excavator is arranged so as to be capable of moving up and down in a position and is connected to a lifting device (30). 3. A turning device for turning a turning frame (31) by arranging a rotary driving device (4) for driving a plurality of excavating spindles (6) at a lower position of a leader (2) in front of a base machine (11).
The excavator according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing (3) is provided in the bearing device (9).