JP2673834B2 - Vertical crusher - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial field of application] The present invention relates to a cement raw material by the cooperation of a rotary table and a pulverizing roller and the interaction between a pulverizing medium (steel balls or ceramic balls) and a pulverizing raw material in a concave space. The present invention relates to a vertical crusher for crushing or ultra-finely crushing coal and chemicals.

[Prior Art] A vertical pulverizer having a rotary table and a pulverizing roller is widely used as a type of pulverizer that finely pulverizes and granulates particles such as cement raw materials, coal, and chemical products. This kind of crusher is press-contacted with a hydraulic pressure or the like at a lower part of a cylindrical casing, which is driven by a motor with a speed reducer and rotates at a low speed, and at a location where an outer peripheral portion of the upper surface is equally divided in a circumferential direction. And a plurality of crushing rollers that are driven and rotated.

For example, in FIG. 4 showing a conventional vertical pulverizer, a pulverizer generally denoted by reference numeral 1 is formed as a single tower in appearance, and a turntable 3 is rotated at its base by an electric motor (motor) 2. Is arranged. A plurality of conical pulverizing rollers 4 are arranged so as to rotate while being in sliding contact with the rotary table 3, and the pulverizing rollers 4 are rotatably supported by a support arm 5. The support arm 5 is fixed at its center to a support shaft 6 which is rotatably supported on the side of the pulverizer. The support arm 5 extends downward through the side of the casing 8 surrounding the turntable 3. , Facing the lower space of the crusher. The lower end of the support arm 5 is rotatably supported on the tip of a rod of a pressure cylinder 9 whose lower end is rotatably supported on the base of the crusher 1. Reference numeral 10 indicates coupling.

Then, from a raw material supply device (not shown), a rotary table 3
The granules as a raw material supplied by the supply pipe 11 to the center of the
When the table rotates, it is caught between the roller 4 and the rotary table 3 which are driven, and is crushed. On the other hand, the casing 8
Hot air is guided inside by a duct (not shown), and this hot air is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary table 3 and the casing 8.
The fine powder that has overflowed the dam ring 3b rises in the pulverizer 1 while being dried by being blown up from the annular space 12 between the inner peripheral surface of the and the inner peripheral surface, and is discharged from the discharge port 13 as a mixture with hot air. It is sent to the next process.

Although some of the coarse particles also rise in the crusher 1, they are classified by the upper separator 14 and returned to the turntable 3.

The rotary table 3 has a rotary shaft (not shown) extending vertically downward, and the rotary force of the motor 2 is decelerated in the casing of the speed reducer indicated by reference numeral 2A. In addition to the speed reducer that transmits to the rotary shaft, the rotary table 3
Are provided with a thrust bearing mechanism and a radial bearing mechanism for supporting the same via the rotating shaft (both are not shown).

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In a vertical crusher, a raw material is bitten between a crushing roller and a rotary table to perform crushing. The minimum crushed granular raw material is micron. Can be crushed to the order. However, in recent years, various chemicals,
The demand for ultra-finely crushed inorganic materials such as ceramics has increased,
It was very difficult to obtain submicron particles continuously and stably by dry physical milling. The present invention is 10 mm
Or it is to pulverize granular pulverized raw material of several tens of millimeters into particles of submicron or less, and after preliminary crushing, it is formed by the first stage pulverization by the pulverizing roller and the rotary table and the rotary table and the fixed ring. The crushing medium such as balls in the concave space is combined with the crushing in the second stage to obtain an ultrafine crushed product.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above problems, a vertical crusher according to the present invention includes a rotary table that is rotationally driven around a vertical axis by a drive device, and a sliding contact on the rotary table. A vertical crusher having crushing rollers arranged, wherein an umbrella-shaped mantle is fixed to an upper center of the center of the rotary table with an inclination with respect to a vertical axis, and the rotary table is provided on the outer periphery of the mantle. A cone-shaped corn cave that expands downward in diameter coaxially with the axis is fixedly provided, and the outer periphery of the rotary table has a dish surface that expands downward, and the longitudinal cross section of the dish surface is A rotary dish having a concavely curved shape is rotatably arranged coaxially with the rotary table, and at least an upper portion thereof has an inner wall surface whose diameter decreases upward, and the inner wall surface has a concave vertical section. It has a curved shape and is coaxial with the rotary table. And a stationary ring that is provided around the stationary table and is stationary. The dish surface of the rotary table and the inner wall surface of the stationary ring form a continuous smooth surface except for a minute gap between the dish surface and the stationary ring. The grinding medium is housed in the concave space formed by the plate surface and the fixed ring.

[Operation] In the vertical crusher of the present invention, first, the raw material is pre-crushed between the eccentric mantle and the stationary cone cave, and then,
After roller crushing centered on compression crushing and shear crushing between the crushing roller and the rotary table, the dam ring provided on the outermost periphery of the rotary table overflows into the concave space,
After pulverization by the grinding action by the spiral three-dimensional movement that combines the vertical movement and the circumferential movement due to the rolling of the table in the rotating dish rotating at high speed, the fine powder is separated from the rotating dish and the stationary ring. Take the airflow that flows in through the gap to the classifier installed above the vertical machine. In the classifier, fine powder below the classification point is discharged from the vertical crusher along with the air flow, and coarse powder above the classification point is knocked off by the blade of the classifier and falls into the crushed portion or concave space on the rotary table, It is crushed again.

Embodiment An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 to 3 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is an overall longitudinal sectional view, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of an essential part, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged longitudinal cross section of an essential part showing another embodiment. It is a figure.

In the figure, 1 is a crusher, 2 is an electric motor, 2A is a speed reducer,
3 is a rotary table, 3a is a table liner, 3b is a dam ring, 3c is a rotary shaft of the rotary table, 4 is a crushing roller, 4a is a roller body, 4b is a rotary shaft, 5 is a supporting arm, 6 is a supporting shaft, and 7 is a supporting shaft. Rotating pan, 8 casing, 9 hydraulic cylinder,
10 is a stand, 11 is a material supply pipe, 14 is a separator (classifier), 20 is a fixed ring, 21 is a concave space formed by the rotary table 3 and the fixed ring 20, 21a is a wire mesh, 22 is a gap, 23 Is a lower casing, 24 is a bearing, 25 is a bearing housing, 26 is an air seal, 27 is a coupling, 30 is a crusher, 30a is a mantle, 30b is a cone cave, 30c is a distributor, 30d is a support, and 40 is a side roller. 42 is a support roller, 50 is a variable speed electric motor, and 50a is a gear.

The rotary table 3 rotates about a vertical axis, and a plurality of crushing rollers 4 are driven by the raw material on the upper surface of the rotary table 3. The crushing pressure at this time is controlled by a hydraulic cylinder 9 by pressing force. It has become so. Further, on the outer side of the rotary table 3, a rotary plate 7 is disposed rotatably coaxially with the rotary table via a side roller 40 and a support roller 42, and a variable speed electric motor 50 is optionally provided via a gear 50a. It can be driven to rotate at the number of rotations. The raw material is crusher 30 through the supply pipe 11 from the upper center of the crusher.
After entering the inside, first, it uniformly drops from a disc-shaped distributor (distribution plate) 30c into a crushing space formed by a mantle 30a and a cone cave 30b. In the crushing space, the mantle 30a is fixed to the rotary table 3 in an eccentrically inclined state, and the particles of the raw material are crushed by the eccentricity and the vertical movement accompanying the rotation, and then fall on the rotary table.
The particle size after crushing is about 5-10 mm, and it is regulated by the narrowest gap between the mantle and the cone cave. The crushed particles are caught by the rotary table and the crushing roller by centrifugal force. After the first stage crushing of the rotary table and crushing roller,
The dam ring 3b overflows and enters a concave space 21 formed by the rotary plate 7 and the fixed ring 20. The concave space 21 is the fixed ring 20.
Forming an annular ring having a substantially circular cross section surrounded by a wire mesh 21a fixed to the wire mesh, and a crushing medium such as a steel ball or a ceramic ball larger than the mesh of the wire mesh is stored in the ring. The second stage of crushing is performed by the mutual movement of the crushing medium and the raw material by the rotary plate 7 which enters into this and rotates at high speed.

That is, the crushing raw material and the crushing medium circulate between the inner wall surface 21B and the plate surface 21A of the fixed ring 20 along with the rotation of the rotary plate 7 (circular motion (arrow S)), and the revolution motion of the rotary plate 7 around its axis. A spiral motion that twists a rope by combining with And grinding or stripping of the ground material in between.

That is, when the rotating dish 7 is rotated, the grinding medium is moved in the outer peripheral direction by the centrifugal force, and the velocity energy crawls up the inner wall surface 21B of the fixed ring 20, and when the climbing force becomes smaller than gravity, the inner wall surface It separates from 21B and falls on the dish surface 21A of the rotary dish 7. The grinding medium that has moved onto the dish surface 21A is again moved toward the fixed ring 20 along the dish surface 21A.

Further, when the rotary dish 7 is rotated, the powder medium is rotated.
It revolves in the circumferential direction at a speed slower than the rotation speed of. Therefore, as described above, the crushing medium is the dish surface 21A and the inner wall surface 21B.
In addition to the circular movement S in the up-and-down direction that circulates, the revolving movement that rotates around the axis of the rotary plate 7 is also performed, and the spiral progressive movement like a net combining these two movements. Perform

In this way, the crushing medium performs the movement of climbing up the inner wall surface 21B while maintaining the movement of the rotary tray 7 in the circumferential direction. When the inner wall surface 21B is fixed, The combined speed of the directional speed (revolution speed) and the ascending speed of the grinding medium directly becomes the speed difference between the inner wall surface 21B and the grinding medium. Therefore, the speed difference between the crushing medium and the inner wall surface 21B becomes extremely large, and the grinding action by the action of the crushing medium when moving on the inner wall surface 21B becomes extremely strong.

Further, the crushing medium that has separated from the inner wall surface 21B and has landed on the dish surface 21A rolls down smoothly along the dish surface 21A, so that the inner wall surface 21B is moved by the motion of rolling down the dish surface 21A. It is possible to convert the potential energy obtained when running up to the kinetic energy in the radial direction, so that the energy once applied to the grinding medium can be effectively used for the peeling action without consuming it unnecessarily. . further,
When descending along the plate surface 21A, the grinding medium is
Since it slides against the surface, grinding or peeling is performed even during this descending motion.

As the pulverization proceeds in this way, the fine powder moves toward the separator 14 along with the air flow flowing in from the gap between the rotary dish 7 and the fixed ring 20. In the separator 14, fine particles below the classification point are discharged through the discharge port 13 of the crusher, and coarse particles above the classification point are pulverized again in the first stage or the second stage.

It should be noted that the vertical crusher of the present invention is not designed so that the coarse particles overflowing the dam ring are returned to the rotary table by the high-speed blow-up airflow outside the dam ring, unlike the conventional vertical crusher. Therefore, the height of the dam ring 3a should be set sufficiently high so that all of the supplied granular new feeds can carry out the first stage crushing (roller crushing), or the other embodiment shown in FIG. As shown
The rotary table may be of a mortar type so that the crushing of the first stage is sufficiently performed and the dam ring does not overflow immediately.

Further, regarding the adjustment of the product particle size, it is possible to obtain a product having a desired particle size distribution by controlling the flow rate of the air supplied to the gap 21 and the separator rotation speed.

Further, although the crusher 30 is fixed by tensioning the support 30c from the supply pipe 11, it may be fixed directly from the casing 8 by a horizontal member instead of by the supply pipe 11.

As described above, in the vertical crusher of the present invention, after preliminary crushing and sizing (size adjustment) into fine particles, in addition to crushing the rotary table and the crushing roller, a rotary table outside the dam ring is used. Is due to the grinding medium in the concave space formed by the rotating disc and the solid ring with different rotation speeds. Since (spiral crushing) is carried out, it is possible to realize ultrafine crushing which cannot be obtained by a conventional vertical crusher. Although the rotation speed of the rotary table varies depending on the model number, it is 20 to 80 rpm, while the rotary plate rotates at a high speed of 300 to 500 rpm.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the vertical crusher of the present invention is provided with the rotary plate outside the dam ring of the rotary table, and the concave space formed by the rotary plate and the fixed ring is provided to provide the crushing medium. After crushing and preliminarily crushing it into fine particles of 3 to 10 mm, for example, three-dimensional spiral movement between the crushing medium and the raw material after the first step of crushing with a rotary table and crushing rollers. The second stage of pulverization is realized by the interaction of the and the rotation speed of the rotary table and rotary plate can be controlled independently, so that the product has a large reduction ratio (pulverization ratio), that is, an ultrafine pulverized product, that is, a submicron. Particles can be continuously and stably obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 3 relate to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is an overall longitudinal sectional view, FIG. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows another embodiment. FIG. Fig. 4 ~
FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of a conventional vertical crusher, FIG. 4 is an overall vertical sectional view, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of an essential part of FIG. 1 ... Vertical crusher, 3 ... Rotary table, 3b ... Dam ring, 4 ... Grinding roller, 4a ... Roller body, 7 ... Rotating plate, 8 ... Casing, 9 ... Hydraulic cylinder, 10 …… Stand, 11 …… Raw material supply pipe, 14 …… Separator (classifier), 20 …… Fixed ring, 21 …… Concave space, 21a …… Wire mesh, 21A …… Plate surface, 21B …… Inner wall surface, 22 …… Gap, 23 …… Lower casing, 24 …… Bearing, 25 …… Bearing housing, 26 …… Air seal, 27 …… Coupling, 30 …… Crusher, 30a …… Mantle, 30b …… Cone cave, 30c… … Distributor (distribution plate), 30d …… Support, 40 …… Side rollers, 42 …… Support rollers, 50 …… Variable speed motor, S …… Movement direction of raw materials and grinding media.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A vertical crusher comprising a rotary table which is driven to rotate about a vertical axis by a drive unit, and a crushing roller which is slidably arranged on the rotary table, wherein the axis of the rotary table. An umbrella-shaped mantle is fixedly installed at an upper part of the center while being inclined with respect to a vertical axis, and a cone-shaped corn cave that expands downwardly coaxially with the rotary table axis is fixedly provided on the outer periphery of the mantle. On the outer periphery of the rotary table, a rotary plate having a downwardly expanding dish surface and having a concave vertical cross section is arranged coaxially with the rotary table. Fixed at least in an upper portion having an inner wall surface whose diameter decreases upward, and a vertical cross section of the inner wall surface is curved in a concave shape, and the inner wall surface is coaxially provided around the rotary table and is stationary. An inner wall of the fixed ring and the plate surface of the rotating dish. The surface is formed as a continuous smooth surface excluding a minute gap between the plate surface and the fixed ring, and the vertical surface is formed by accommodating the grinding medium in the concave space formed by the plate surface and the fixed ring. Type crusher.