JP2673134B2 - Processed brown rice - Google Patents

Processed brown rice

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Publication number
JP2673134B2
JP2673134B2 JP62006776A JP677687A JP2673134B2 JP 2673134 B2 JP2673134 B2 JP 2673134B2 JP 62006776 A JP62006776 A JP 62006776A JP 677687 A JP677687 A JP 677687A JP 2673134 B2 JP2673134 B2 JP 2673134B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
brown rice
rice
blade
cutting
peel
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP62006776A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPS63173548A (en
Inventor
欽哉 中村
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欽哉 中村
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Priority to JP62006776A priority Critical patent/JP2673134B2/en
Publication of JPS63173548A publication Critical patent/JPS63173548A/en
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Publication of JP2673134B2 publication Critical patent/JP2673134B2/en
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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、加工玄米に関し、殊に、電気炊飯器その他
一般に家庭のキッチンで精米の炊飯に使用されている普
通の炊飯器によって、精米と同様の方法で炊飯できる加
工玄米の改良に係るものである。 〔従来の技術〕 玄米は、各種ビタミン、ミネラル等の栄養素や整腸効
果等をある植物繊維等を多く含んでいるので、従来より
高栄養食品として高く評価されているが、その難点は、
炊飯し難く、しかも、一般家庭に普及している炊飯器を
もってしては白米のようにおいしく炊き上げることが不
可能であるという点にあった。これは、玄米が表面に強
靱な果皮に包まれているため、その内部にある胚乳に十
分に吸水させることができないことに困るものである。 そこで、上記の如き難点を解消させるべく、これまで
各種の加工玄米が提案されてきた。これらの加工玄米
は、例えば、(A)原料玄米を膨化処理して粒全体を多
孔質化したものとか、(B)原料玄米を過乾燥した後急
冷して糖層に亀裂を生ぜしめたものとか、あるいは
(C)原料玄米の糖層部分のみに吸水させた後付着水を
除去して加熱金属板上で炒熱し加熱物体で加圧すること
により亀裂を生ぜしめたものとか、あるいは、(D)予
めアルファー化し、糖層に主として横方向の多数の帯状
亀裂を生じさせたもの等である。 〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 しかし乍ら、上記(A)、(B)及び(C)のものに
あっては、炊飯すると崩壊したり裂けたりするばかりで
なく、「硬い」、「粘りがない」、「ボロボロする」、
「表面がザラザラする」といった食感ないし食味の悪い
飯となってしまう傾向があり、また、上記(D)のもの
にあっては、予めアルファー化されているので、容易に
崩壊することはないとしても、多数の帯状亀裂が横方
向、すなわち、楕円の短軸方向に走っているため、それ
らの亀裂部分においてその短軸に沿って折れ曲がって飯
粒がその長軸端寄りに果皮片をつけた状態で裂けてしま
い硬い部分と柔かい部分とが混在する歯ざわりないし食
味の良好でないものが炊けてしまうといった傾向は依然
として残っている。 これら従来の加工玄米は、多孔質化させたり、亀裂を
生ぜしめたりすることによって吸水性を良くしようとし
たものであるが、吸水性の改良の点ではまだ十分ではな
く、また、膨化処理や過乾燥した後の急冷処理や加熱処
理といったいわば一種の特殊加工によって、玄米の品質
ないし含有栄養素のみならず、米本来のデリケートな風
味を損なってしまい易いものである。 そこで、本発明者は、吸水性が格段と優秀で、しか
も、玄米の品質ないし含有栄養素や米本来の自然の風味
を損なうことのない加工玄米を得るべく鋭意研究実験を
重ねた結果、原料玄米の全表面にわたり、果皮の中果皮
層を実質的に貫通する深さの細かい切削傷を不定方向に
多数設けると、胚乳がそのほぼ全周から水を十分に吸収
することができ、普通の炊飯器による炊飯によっても果
皮がそのほぼ全周に亘って細かく破られ、胚乳の膨化が
促進し、精米と同様に柔かくておいしい玄米飯を炊き上
げられることが判明した。 〔発明の目的〕 したがって、本発明の主たる目的は、吸水性が極めて
優秀で、一般家庭に普及してい電気炊飯器その他普通の
炊飯器によって精米と同様の方法で炊飯できるばかりで
なく、玄米の含有栄養素や米本来の自然の風味等を損な
うことなく柔かくて美味しく食べられる加工玄米を提供
することにある。 〔発明の構成〕 本発明に係る加工玄米の構成は、玄米の全表面にわた
り、果皮の中果皮層を実質的に貫通する深さの細かい切
削傷を不定方向に多数設けたことを特徴とする。 〔実 施 例〕 以下、本発明につきその実施の一例を示した添付図面
を参照して詳細に説明する。 第1〜5図において、本発明に係る加工玄米は、玄米
1の全表面にわたり果皮の中果皮2B層を実質的に貫通す
る深さの細かい切削傷を不定方向に多数設けることによ
って構成されている。 本発明に係る加工玄米の製造に使用される切削刃とし
ては、例えば、第6図に例示されている如き回転式のも
のが好適である。すなわち、第6図に図示のものは、変
速装置ないし速度調整装置(図示してない)を具備する
モーター(図示してない)によって回転駆動される3枚
のプロペラ状のブレード4からなっており、各ブレード
4は、その一側に比較的鋭利な切削縁4′を備えてい
る。5は底部適所に排出口(図示してない)を有する筒
状のケーシングであり、前記モーター、変速装置ないし
速度調整装置、ブレード4等と相俟って玄米加工装置を
構成する。 本発明に係る加工玄米を製造するためには、原料玄米
を前記ケーシング5内に投入し、モーターを起動してブ
レード4を回転させてやるだけでよく、極めて簡単であ
る。しかし乍ら、原料玄米の果皮2に適切な切削傷3を
設けるためには、原料玄米の種類や、乾燥度、硬度等に
応じてブレード4の回転速度を適当に調整してやること
が必要となる。ブレード4の回転速度が早過ぎると、玄
米粒が分断され、粒形を損なうことになり、また、ブレ
ード4の回転速度が遅過ぎると、果皮2に与える切削傷
3の深さが浅過ぎて不適切なものとなってしまうからで
ある。なお、第6図に示した玄米加工装置を比較的大型
のものとして構成する場合には、ブレード4は多段式の
ものとして構成するとよい。 次に、第6図に示した玄米加工装置によって原料玄米
を加工する場合についてみると、適量の原料玄米をケー
シング5内に投入してブレード4を回転させてやると、
各ブレード4の切削縁4′は多数の玄米粒と衝突するの
で、この衝突した玄米粒の果皮2に切削傷3、すなわ
ち、切り傷を生ぜしめる。そして、ブレード4の回転
は、遠心力を発生させるので、玄米粒は遠心方向にはじ
き飛ばされると同時にブレード4によって掻き混ぜられ
つつブレード4の回転方向に流回動せしめられ、自転と
公転を繰り返し乍ら再三再四ブレード4の切削縁4′と
衝突することとなるため、各玄米粒の果皮2にはそのほ
ぼ全周に亘って方向不定の多数の切り傷3が形成される
こととなる。第1〜5図は、かような第6図に示した装
置によって形成された切り傷3の態様を略示したもので
ある。 玄米の果皮2というのは、第5図に示すように、表皮
2A、中果皮2B、横細胞2C及び管細胞2Dを包含する多層構
造の層のことである。この果皮2には薄い膜である種皮
6が内接していて、該種皮6の下には外胚乳7、糊粉層
8が順次横たわっており、その内側は澱粉貯蔵細胞(胚
乳)9によって占められている。 本発明にあっては、「果皮」なる語は、上記の如き内
部構造を有する層を意味し、かような意味での果皮の全
表面、すなわち玄米の全表面にわたり、果皮の中果皮層
を実質的に貫通する深さの細かい切削傷を不定方向に多
数設けたことを特徴とするものである 果皮2に形成される切削傷3は、胚乳9の吸水性を格
段と優れたものにするためには、少なくともその大多数
が果皮2の層を貫通する程度の深さを有することが望ま
しい(第4〜5図参照)。しかして、切削傷3は、玄米
粒の中央領域或いは端部領域(長軸端領域)といった局
部的領域の果皮部分に形成されるだけでは不十分であ
り、果皮2のほぼ全領域に亘って多数形成されることが
不可欠である。また、切削傷3は、その大多数が楕円形
玄米粒の短軸方向又は長軸方向のいずれか一方のみ走る
ように形成することは望ましくなく、不定方向に設けな
ければならない。そして切削傷の深さは果皮2の中果皮
2B層を実質的に貫通することが必要である。実質的に貫
通とは、貫通孔の下部に中果皮層が残留していても、例
えば前述した玄米加工装置のブレードの切削傷4′が玄
米粒に衝突して中果皮層の組織を破壊した結果、残留し
ている中果皮層が吸水の障害とならない程度に貫通され
た状態まで含めた意味である。しかしてまた、切削傷3
は、果皮2を貫通して糊粉層8または胚乳9に達するよ
うに形成することは差支えなく、胚乳9の吸水性をより
一層優秀ならしめるという見地からはむしろ望ましいこ
とであるが、そのようにする場合には、果皮2に含まれ
る各種栄養素や植物繊維が大量に除去されてしまうこと
がないように配慮することが必要である。 切削刃によって形成される切削傷3は、第5図に示す
ように、単なる「亀裂」とは異なる鋭い断面形状の切り
口を有し、吸水性を著しく高めると共に、炊飯時の加熱
によって果皮2を破れ易くし、胚乳の膨化を促進させる
作用を営む。 以上のように構成された加工玄米を短時間水に浸漬し
た後、一般家庭で使用されている普通の電気炊飯器を用
いて精米と同様に炊飯したところ、崩壊したり、裂けた
りすることなく、精米の炊飯と同様な柔らかくて粘りの
あるおいしい炊飯であって、しかもむしろ前者よりも重
厚な風味のあるものが得られた。 〔発明の効果〕 叙上のように、本発明に係る加工玄米は、品質ないし
含有栄養素に悪影響を及ぼす加熱処理等の特殊加工を施
すことなく、玄米の全表面にわたり、果皮の中果皮層を
実質的に貫通する深さの細かい切削傷を不定方向に多数
設けたものであるから、玄米は全表面から均一にかつ短
時間に吸収し、従来のものに比し吸水性が格段と向上
し、炊飯時における胚乳の膨化及び果皮の破裂が一層容
易となり、したがって、一般家庭で使用されている普通
の炊飯器でもって、精米と同様の方法により炊飯でき、
しかも、玄米が含有する高度の各種栄養素や風味等を損
なうことなく、柔らかくて美味しい玄米飯を炊き上げる
ことができるものであり、加工が極めて容易であること
と相俟って、多大の実益を発揮し得るものである。
Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to processed brown rice, and in particular, it uses an electric rice cooker and an ordinary rice cooker that is generally used to cook polished rice in a home kitchen, It relates to the improvement of processed brown rice that can be cooked by the same method. [Prior Art] Since brown rice contains a lot of nutrients such as various vitamins and minerals and plant fibers having an intestinal regulating effect, etc., it has been highly evaluated as a highly nutritious food, but its disadvantages are:
It was difficult to cook rice, and it was impossible to cook as deliciously as white rice with a rice cooker popular in ordinary households. This is because it is difficult to allow the endosperm inside the brown rice to sufficiently absorb water because the brown rice is wrapped in a tough skin on the surface. Therefore, various processed brown rice has been proposed so far in order to solve the above-mentioned difficulties. These processed brown rice are, for example, (A) raw brown rice that has been subjected to a swelling treatment to make the entire grain porous, or (B) raw brown rice that has been overdried and then rapidly cooled to cause cracks in the sugar layer. Or, (C) the raw material brown rice was allowed to absorb water only, and then the adhered water was removed, and the adhered water was roasted on a heated metal plate and pressed with a heating object to cause cracks, or (D ) It is a material which is pre-alphadized and has a large number of lateral band cracks formed mainly in the sugar layer. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above (A), (B) and (C), not only do they collapse or tear when rice is cooked, but also "hard", ""There is no tenacity", "it falls apart",
There is a tendency for the rice to have a texture or a bad taste such as "rough surface", and in the case of the above (D), since it is pregelatinized, it does not easily collapse. As many strip cracks run in the lateral direction, that is, in the minor axis direction of the ellipse, the rice grains bend along the minor axis at those crack parts and the rice grains attach the peel pieces toward the major axis end. There still remains a tendency that the food is torn in a state and the hard and soft portions are mixed and the food with a bad texture or bad taste is cooked. These conventional processed brown rice are intended to improve water absorption by making them porous or by causing cracks, but they are not yet sufficient in terms of improvement of water absorption, and they are also swelling treated or It is easy to impair not only the quality of brown rice or the nutrients contained in it but also the delicate flavor of rice by a kind of special processing such as quenching or heat treatment after overdrying. Therefore, the present inventor has conducted extensive research and experiments to obtain processed brown rice that is remarkably excellent in water absorption, and does not impair the quality or nutrients contained in brown rice or the natural flavor of rice, and as a result, the raw brown rice is obtained. If a large number of fine cutting scratches with a depth that substantially penetrates the mesocarp layer of the pericarp are provided in the indeterminate direction over the entire surface of the endosperm, the endosperm can sufficiently absorb water from almost the entire circumference, and ordinary rice cooking It was also found that the rice peeled finely over the entire circumference even when rice was cooked in a container, accelerating the swelling of the endosperm, and cooking brown rice that was as soft and delicious as rice polishing. [Object of the Invention] Therefore, the main object of the present invention is not only that the water absorption is extremely excellent, and that not only can rice be cooked in the same manner as milled rice with an electric rice cooker or other ordinary rice cookers that are popular in general households, It is to provide processed brown rice that is soft and delicious and can be eaten without impairing the contained nutrients and the natural flavor of rice. [Structure of the Invention] The structure of the processed brown rice according to the present invention is characterized in that a large number of cutting scratches with a small depth that substantially penetrates the mesocarp layer of the peel are provided in the indefinite direction over the entire surface of the brown rice. . [Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing an example of its implementation. 1 to 5, the processed brown rice according to the present invention is constituted by providing a large number of cutting scratches with a small depth in the indeterminate direction which substantially penetrates the mesocarps 2B layer of the fruit skin over the entire surface of the brown rice 1. There is. As the cutting blade used for producing the processed brown rice according to the present invention, for example, a rotary blade as exemplified in FIG. 6 is suitable. That is, the one shown in FIG. 6 comprises three propeller-shaped blades 4 which are rotationally driven by a motor (not shown) equipped with a transmission or speed adjusting device (not shown). , Each blade 4 is provided on one side with a relatively sharp cutting edge 4 '. Reference numeral 5 denotes a cylindrical casing having a discharge port (not shown) at an appropriate place on the bottom, which constitutes a brown rice processing device together with the motor, the transmission or speed adjusting device, the blade 4 and the like. In order to produce the processed brown rice according to the present invention, all that is required is to put the raw brown rice into the casing 5, start the motor and rotate the blade 4, which is extremely simple. However, in order to provide an appropriate cutting scratch 3 on the peel 2 of the raw brown rice, it is necessary to appropriately adjust the rotation speed of the blade 4 in accordance with the type of the raw brown rice, the dryness, the hardness, and the like. . If the rotation speed of the blade 4 is too fast, the brown rice grains will be broken and the grain shape will be impaired, and if the rotation speed of the blade 4 is too slow, the depth of the cutting scratches 3 on the peel 2 will be too shallow. Because it will be inappropriate. When the brown rice processing apparatus shown in FIG. 6 is configured as a relatively large one, the blade 4 may be configured as a multi-stage type. Next, looking at the case of processing raw brown rice with the brown rice processing apparatus shown in FIG. 6, when an appropriate amount of raw brown rice is put into the casing 5 and the blade 4 is rotated,
Since the cutting edge 4'of each blade 4 collides with a large number of brown rice grains, the peel 2 of the colliding brown rice grains causes cutting scratches 3, that is, cuts. Since the rotation of the blade 4 generates a centrifugal force, the brown rice grains are repelled in the centrifugal direction and simultaneously swirled by the blade 4 while being swirled in the rotation direction of the blade 4 to repeatedly rotate and revolve. Since it collides with the cutting edge 4'of the blade 4 again and again, the peel 2 of each brown rice grain is formed with a large number of indeterminate cuts 3 over substantially the entire circumference thereof. FIGS. 1 to 5 schematically show the cuts 3 formed by the apparatus shown in FIG. Brown rice peel 2 is the epidermis, as shown in FIG.
2A, mesocarp 2B, lateral cells 2C, and ductal cells 2D are layers having a multilayer structure. A seed coat 6, which is a thin film, is inscribed in the pericarp 2, and under the seed coat 6, an ectosperm 7 and an aleurone layer 8 are sequentially laid, and the inside thereof is occupied by starch storage cells (endosperm) 9. Has been. In the present invention, the term "pericarp" means a layer having the above-mentioned internal structure, and in such a meaning, the whole surface of the pericarp, that is, the entire surface of brown rice, is referred to as the mesocarp layer of the pericarp. It is characterized in that a large number of cutting scratches having a substantially small depth are provided in an indefinite direction. The cutting scratches 3 formed on the peel 2 make the endosperm 9 water absorption significantly excellent. In order to achieve this, it is desirable that at least the majority have a depth such that they penetrate the layer of the peel 2 (see FIGS. 4 to 5). However, it is not sufficient for the cutting scratches 3 to be formed only in the pericarp portion of a local region such as the central region or the end region (long-axis end region) of the brown rice grain, and the cutting scar 3 extends over almost the entire region of the peel skin 2. It is essential that many be formed. Further, it is not desirable that the majority of the cutting scratches 3 run in either the short axis direction or the long axis direction of the elliptical brown rice grains, and they must be provided in an indeterminate direction. And the depth of cutting scratches is the mesocarp of the peel 2.
It is necessary to substantially penetrate the 2B layer. Even if the mesocarp layer remains in the lower part of the through hole, for example, "through" substantially destroys the structure of the mesocarp layer by the cutting scratch 4'of the blade of the brown rice processing apparatus colliding with the brown rice grain. As a result, it means that the remaining mesocarp layer is penetrated to such an extent that it does not hinder water absorption. And again, cutting scratches 3
It may be formed so as to penetrate the pericarp 2 to reach the aleurone layer 8 or the endosperm 9, which is rather desirable from the viewpoint that the water absorption of the endosperm 9 is further enhanced. In this case, it is necessary to take care not to remove a large amount of various nutrients and plant fibers contained in the peel 2. As shown in FIG. 5, the cutting flaw 3 formed by the cutting blade has a cut end having a sharp cross-sectional shape different from a simple “crack”, which remarkably enhances water absorbability and heats the rice peel 2 during cooking. It acts to make it easier to break and to promote the swelling of the endosperm. After immersing the processed brown rice configured as above in water for a short time, then using the ordinary electric rice cooker used in general households, the rice is cooked in the same manner as rice polishing, without breaking or tearing. , The rice was soft and tasty like rice cooked with polished rice, but rather had a heavier flavor than the former one. [Effect of the invention] As described above, the processed brown rice according to the present invention has a mesocarp layer over the entire surface of the brown rice without any special processing such as heat treatment which adversely affects quality or contained nutrients. Since a large number of cutting scratches with a small depth that penetrates substantially are provided in an indefinite direction, brown rice absorbs evenly from the entire surface in a short time, and the water absorption is significantly improved compared to the conventional one. It is easier to swell the endosperm and rupture the skin during rice cooking, and therefore, with an ordinary rice cooker used at home, rice can be cooked in the same way as rice polishing,
Moreover, it is possible to cook soft and delicious brown rice without compromising the various nutrients and flavors contained in brown rice, and in combination with the extremely easy processing, great benefits are achieved. It can be demonstrated.

【図面の簡単な説明】 第1図は本発明に係る加工玄米の一例の側面略図、第2
図は第1図の背面図、第3図は第1図の平面図、第4図
は第1図の中央横断面図、第5図は第4図の部分拡大
図、第6図は玄米加工装置の一例を示す平面略図であ
る。 図面において、1は玄米、2は果皮、3は切削傷、4は
ブレード、4′は切削縁、5はケーシング、8は糊粉
層、9は胚乳である。
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of an example of processed brown rice according to the present invention, FIG.
1 is a rear view of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a central cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 4, and FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing an example of a processing device. In the drawings, 1 is brown rice, 2 is a peel, 3 is a cutting scratch, 4 is a blade, 4'is a cutting edge, 5 is a casing, 8 is a powder layer, and 9 is an endosperm.

Claims (1)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】 1.玄米の全表面にわたり、果皮の中果皮層を実質的に
貫通する深さの細かい切削傷を不定方向に多数設けた加
工玄米。
(57) [Claims] Processed brown rice with a large number of cutting scratches with a small depth that substantially penetrates the mesocarp layer of the peel over the entire surface of the brown rice.
JP62006776A 1987-01-14 1987-01-14 Processed brown rice Expired - Fee Related JP2673134B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62006776A JP2673134B2 (en) 1987-01-14 1987-01-14 Processed brown rice

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP62006776A JP2673134B2 (en) 1987-01-14 1987-01-14 Processed brown rice

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63173548A JPS63173548A (en) 1988-07-18
JP2673134B2 true JP2673134B2 (en) 1997-11-05

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ID=11647576

Family Applications (1)

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JP62006776A Expired - Fee Related JP2673134B2 (en) 1987-01-14 1987-01-14 Processed brown rice

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Country Link
JP (1) JP2673134B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2714405B2 (en) * 1988-09-01 1998-02-16 日清製粉株式会社 Manufacturing method of processed brown rice
US6586036B1 (en) * 2001-01-11 2003-07-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Process for increasing the rate of hydration of food crop seeds
JP2008522819A (en) * 2004-12-14 2008-07-03 ヨン モ クォン Functional brown rice processing equipment
JP2010200631A (en) * 2009-02-27 2010-09-16 Kishu Hosokawa:Kk Method for boiling brown rice
KR101936318B1 (en) * 2016-12-30 2019-01-17 농업회사법인 (주)남양농산 Manufacturing method of gelatinized grains

Also Published As

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JPS63173548A (en) 1988-07-18

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