JP2660304C - - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for planting seedlings in uncultivated fields. (B) Conventional technology Conventionally, when planting seedlings in a no-till field where grass culms have been cut, one set of at least two tilling claws spaced apart on the left and right is used, and the seedlings are planted on a tilling shaft of a tilling device. A plurality of sets of the above-mentioned tilling nails are attached at an interval equal to the interval between the strips, and these tilling nails are rotated together with a tilling axis to plant a seedling in a partially cultivated part, and a partial tilling transplant. The machine is already known. (C) Problems to be Solved by the Invention Generally, when a no-till field is tilled with tilling claws, the cultivated soil remains in a roughing state, and the fluidity and viscosity of the slashed field are reduced. In almost no place, the cultivation width by the tilling nails in the known partial plowing transplanter is significantly wider than the width of the planting nails as well as the seedlings of the seedlings. There is a problem that the upright holding effect is not good and the seedlings fall or floating seedlings are generated. (D) Means for solving the problems Therefore, in order to solve such problems, the disc blade of the combine cutter was used as grooving means. There is no action to push into the soil, and the groove width is narrow, so excessive resistance is applied to the planting claws, and a new problem has occurred that straw chips and weeds adhere to the blade of the disk blade and it becomes impossible to cut grooves . As a result of further studies to solve such problems, the planting method was changed to a vertically movable planting device (8) attached to the rear of the traveling device, and a support stay (35) extending forward in the traveling direction. , 37) and in the space below the rear wheel (3) in side view,
0) is arranged, and a rotary groove cutting tool (41) is attached to the horizontal shaft (40) with the planting claw (12).
Is installed at each position corresponding to the virtual extension line of the above, and the width of the planting claw is substantially equal to the width of the planting claw within a range not exceeding the width of the planting claw (12) in the no-till field by the groove cutting tool (41). And a groove deeper than the lower limit of the lowering of the planting nail (12) is formed, and the planting nail (
12) penetrates into the groove from above, and pushes the root stock of the seedling into the groove below the tip of the planting nail (12) by the pushing nail (12a) near the lower limit of the lowering of the planting nail (12). A grooving cutter (41) for forming a groove for planting seedlings in a field, and a planting claw (12) for planting a seedling in a groove formed by the grooving cutter (41). )), The grooving cutter (41) projects a number of teeth (47) having a receding angle on the outer periphery of the disk, and distributes the teeth to the teeth (47). In addition, the width between the outer sides of the tips of the teeth (47) protruding left and right is formed to be substantially equal to the outer width of the planting nail (12), and the planting nail (47) is formed by the teeth (47). By forming a groove having a width substantially equal to the width of 12) and a depth lower than the lowering lower limit of the planting claw (12). And solved all the problems ahead. In addition, the code | symbol in a parenthesis is for convenience, and does not limit this invention at all. (E) Function The groove cutter enters the front of the vertically movable planting device with a width substantially equal to the width of the planting claw (within a range not exceeding the width of the planting claw) and deeper than the planting claw. When the grooving cutter is advanced in a state where it is horizontally and rotatably mounted on a shaft, the grooving cutter enters the soil of the no-tillage field while rotating and becomes contaminated when it rotates forward in the traveling direction. A groove is formed while pushing an object and digging up when rotating in reverse. The planting claws hold the seedlings on the seedling mounting table one by one and plant the seedlings in the ditch in the field. At that time, since the teeth provided on the outer periphery of the in-groove cutter have a receding angle, in the field scene, straw waste, straw cut and sprayed by the cutter during cutting and threshing are sprayed, or weeds are thriving. Also, these impurities are not folded into two by the slope formed with the retreat angle of the teeth and pushed into the soil and are not caught on the teeth, and the width of the grooving cutter is equal to the width of the planting claws. When the seedlings are planted, the planting nails are almost equal in width, so that the side surface of the roughened groove is lightly shaved or penetrates between the folded foreign substances and becomes excessively large. Without resistance, the root stock of the further planted seedlings is pushed by the pushing claws between the sides of the groove or between the contaminants, and is held so as not to lie down. (F) Embodiment One embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
, 3 in which the motive power of the engine 4 is distributed by the transmission case 5 to the traveling device and the PTO shaft projecting rearward. Has a planting device 8 mounted so as to be able to move up and down by means of a top link 6 and lower links 7 and 7. This planting device 8 has an input shaft P like the conventional one.
A main transmission case 10 driven by the TO shaft via the intermediate shaft 9 and the universal joint, and a plurality of planting transmission cases 11 transmitted by the main transmission case 10 via a horizontal shaft in the holding cylinder 11a. A planting body 13 having a planting claw 12 at its tip and moving up and down, and a seedling mounting table 14 reciprocating left and right are grooved, and the planting transmission cases 11 at both ends. At the lower part of the sole, the rear side of the rear wheel 3 is slid and the side sliding bodies 15 and 15 made of a float are pivotally supported at the rear by links 16 so as to be adjustable.
The front part is connected so as to be able to ascend and descend by a V-shaped link 17, and the lower part of the central planting transmission case 11 has a front-rear length so as not to hinder the ground sliding of the side sliding bodies 15 and the sensing performance. Is shorter and the bottom surface is 5 to 10 mm, for example, 7 mm
An arm 20 fixed to an intermediate portion of a horizontal rod 18 integrally connected to the left and right sides of a front portion of the side sliding members 15, 15 is provided with a center sliding member 15a having an increased height as necessary. By the interlocking connection of the control valve of the hydraulic cylinder for raising and lowering the planting device 8 via the link 19, the planting depth is fixed in conjunction with the integral sensing operation of the side sliding bodies 5, 15. Is controlled. 21 is a vertical frame plate 2 projecting obliquely forward and upward from the planting transmission cases 11 and 11.
2, 22 and a horizontal frame 23 made of a pipe connecting their front parts, and a rolling shaft 25 protruding forward from the center of the horizontal frame 23 has a lower part of a connection bracket 26. A horizontal pipe 30 is rotatably fitted with a rolling pipe 27 welded to a lower frame of the seedling mounting table M, and is connected to a slide bar 28 protruding from the main transmission case 10. And a pair of left and right springs 32, 32 and a spring stay 31 erected on the connection bracket 26.
To absorb the load fluctuation when the seedling mounting table 14 moves laterally, but both lower portions of the spring stay 31 and both side portions of the horizontal frame 23 which are generally adopted in a riding rice transplanter. And the rolling spring for urging the planting device 8 to a neutral state by connecting the planting device 8 to the neutral state is omitted.
In the ground contact state, the left and right sides are freely rolled around the rolling shaft 25 while following the field scene while being supported by the side sliding bodies 15 within a certain range, and are not shown when the ascending position is reached. The rolling lock device locks the vehicle in parallel with the traveling vehicle. Further, rear stays 35, 35 are fixed to the outer side surfaces of the planting transmission cases 11, 11 on both right and left ends, and front stays 37 are rotatably connected to their front portions by fulcrum bolts 36, 36. , 37 have long holes 38, 38, and the height of the front portion of the front stay 37 is increased by tightening an adjusting bolt 39 that has passed through a round hole formed at the tip of the rear stay 35 and the long hole 38. The height of the front stays 37 can be adjusted, and the front ends of the front stays 37 support a groove-cutting shaft 40 formed of a hexagonal shaft in a space below the rear wheel 3 in a side view so as to be freely rotatable. A disk-shaped grooving cutter 41 is provided for each position of the grooving shaft 40 corresponding to a virtual extension line of the planting strip formed by the planting body 13.
A hexagonal hole formed at the center of each of the grooves is fitted, and each of the groove cutters 41 is positioned by a sleeve 42 interposed therebetween, and a center stay 43 whose lower part is fitted to a sleeve 42 located at an intermediate position. Has an elongated hole 45 at the top and bottom in the vertical direction. This portion is overlapped with the front end of the rolling shaft 25 and can be adjusted vertically by fastening with a bolt 46. The grooving cutter 41 has a large number of teeth 47 on the outer periphery as shown in FIG. 5, and alternately bends these teeth 47 left and right to form a set and to rotate in the direction of rotation. The outer width of the tip of the tooth 47 is made slightly smaller than the outer width of the planting claw 12 of the planting body 13. For example, when the outer width of the planting claws 12 is 14 mm and the inner width is 11 mm, the outer width of the set of the groove cutter 41 is 8 mm, and the mutual opening angle of the right and left bent teeth 47 is 30 degrees. I made it. If the opening angle is too large, the wrapping of straw or the like increases, and if the opening angle is too small, a desired width cannot be obtained.
2 increases. In the transplanter described above, water is introduced into the no-till field where the culm was harvested by a combine or the like, so that water is infiltrated into the soil or in an appropriate flooded state. By rotating the planting lever 48 up and down while checking the scale, the side sliding body 15 is moved up and down to set it to 3 to 5 cm, and the bolts 36, 39, and 46 are loosened.
The front stays 37 are tilted up and down so that the depth of the groove (the lower end of the grooving cutter 41) is about 4 cm deeper than the lower limit of the lowering of the planting claw 12, and the bolts 36, 39 are set.
, 46 (however, it can be set to be deeper in places where there are many things, such as straw, which are entangled with the teeth 47 of the groove cutter 41 or when the field scene is hard). The sliding bodies 15, 15 are in the insensitive sense posture in which the front part is raised by the sensitivity adjusting lever 15b. When the mat body is stored in the seedling mounting table M and the planting apparatus 8 is advanced while driving the planting device 8, The sliding members 15 and 15 slide on the portion where the wheels have scraped and pushed the stubble into the soil, and the grooving cutter 41 rotates and enters the soil by the weight of the planting device 8 and rolls. . At that time, since the groove cutting cutters 41 arranged side by side in the horizontal direction are integrally mounted on the groove cutting shaft 40, they rotate smoothly in the same state, and the teeth 47 of the groove cutting cutter 41 have a receding angle. Therefore, even if there are foreign substances such as cut straw, straw chips, or weeds scattered on the ground surface, fold them into the soil in two at the left and right alternating tooth rows on the surface with the retreat angle in the rotation direction. After the groove is formed while pushing, the sleeve or the like escapes in a state where the straw or the like is not caught. If there is a plant or weed, it is pushed down, so that the side sliding body 15 and the center sliding body 15a perform stable sliding. By pushing down such stubbles, weeds, etc., the ventilation and lighting of the planted seedlings are improved, and the growth after planting is improved. Also, the side surfaces of the grooves become stepwise rough surfaces due to the teeth 47 alternately projecting in the opposite direction, and the soil on the side surfaces of the grooves may deform and enter the grooves. The protrusion is large and the groove width is sufficiently wider than the thickness of the grooving cutter 41, and alternately protrudes to one side, so that the resistance is extremely small. Deformation and collapse are reduced, and the seedlings can smoothly enter the ditch and be planted. While the planting body 13 is moving up and down, the matting seedlings in the seedling mounting table 14 that are reciprocating in the lateral direction by the planting claws 12 are scraped off by one plant at a time to form the grooves formed by the grooving cutter 41. It penetrates from above, and the pushing claws 12a push and plant near the lower end of the lower part. At this time, the width of the groove is such that the set width of the teeth 47 of the grooving cutter 41 is
2, the width of the groove formed by the grooving cutter 41 is smaller than the outer width of the planting claw, and the planting claw 12 enters the groove to plant a seedling. In this case, the outer edge of the planting claw 12 slightly cuts the side surface of the groove, but the soil inside the groove is muddy, so that it can penetrate smoothly, and the planted seedlings, especially both side surfaces of the root stock, have rough surfaces. Since the side surface of the formed groove or the priced claw 12 abuts on the groove formed on the side surface of the groove, the pushing claw 12a forcibly pushes the root stock of the seedling into a narrow groove below the tip of the planting claw 12, Both side surfaces of the root stock are sandwiched by both side surfaces of the groove, so that the seedlings are well separated and the seedlings are maintained in an orderly standing posture. In the above case, the amount of impurities is relatively small, but when there are many impurities such as cut straw and long straw, the impurities are folded in two to form a structure, and a seedling is introduced between the impurities. Can be planted. Even when the set width is substantially equal to the outer width of the planting claw 12, the groove width formed by the grooving cutter 41 may be narrower than the set width of the teeth 47, probably because of the collapse of the soil, and the side surface of the groove may be damaged. The root stock is swelled when the root stock is pushed out from the tip of the planting nail 12 by the pushing nail 12a. Can be obtained. When the distance between the planting streaks is equal to the distance between the stumps, the side sliding body 15 slides on the portion where the stubble is pushed into the soil by the wheel. The leveling of the sliding bodies 5 and 15 is leveled by the integral lifting and lowering action, and the further lift is detected as an average value at the center of the machine width, and this detection result is transmitted to the control valve via the link 19. Therefore, the hydraulic cylinder operates to move the top link 6 and the lower links 7, 7 up and down, and the planting device 8 moves up and down following the height of the field scene. In this case, the sensitivity adjustment of the hydraulic pressure is set to the lowest insensitivity side in a state where the side sliding bodies 15, 15 are fully sunk, and a free state within a certain range without restricting the rolling around the rolling shaft 25. Since the rolling can be performed, the planting device 8 advances so as to surely press the side sliding bodies 15, 15 against the rice field, and the grooving cutter 41.
It is possible to prevent the floating of the water and to make a proper groove formation. In addition, when the planting of one stroke is completed and the body circulates on the headland, the grooving device including the grooving shaft 40 and the plurality of grooving cutters 41 attached thereto is provided at the front of the planting device 8. ,
In addition, since the length of the fuselage does not change and the weight of the fuselage does not increase so much only by being mounted in the space below the rear wheel 3 in side view, the fuselage circulates with substantially the same operability and circling radius as the riding rice transplanter. Can do it. Furthermore, when planting is performed in a field by the present apparatus, the side walls of the groove are more likely to collapse than in the paddy field after harvesting, but the width of the groove formed by the groove cutter 41 is limited as described above. Since it is slightly narrower than the outer width of the seedling 12, the seedlings can be planted in an orderly standing posture without falling over. 6 and 7 show another embodiment. In this transplanter, the grooving cutters 41 are forcibly driven to rotate. Direction of the support shaft 51 is welded, and the support shaft 51 is rotatably loosely fitted to the support shaft 51 and positioned on the boss.
The two sprockets 52 and 53 are attached, and one sprocket 52 and the holding cylinder 1 are attached.
A chain 56 is hung on the sprocket 55 attached to the horizontal shaft 11b in 1a, and a chain 58 is hung on the other sprocket 53 and the sprocket 57 attached to the groove cutting shaft 40 of the groove cutting cutter 41, while decelerating. The grooving shaft 40 is driven by the shaft 11b, and when the grooving cutter 41 is rotated forward (counterclockwise in FIG. 6), its peripheral speed is set to about 1.3 times the running speed. When the grooving cutters 41 are forcibly driven in this way, the grooving cutters 41 can bite well and the grooves can be formed with more accurate depth and width. It should be about 2 cm deeper than the lowest point of the trajectory. In addition, since the position of the fulcrum bolt 36, which is the center of rotation of the front stay 37 when the grooving cutter 41 is moved up and down, is different from the position of the support shaft 51, a tension roller is attached to the chain 58, or the rear stay 35 is attached. The support shaft 36 is turned upward and coincides with the support shaft 51 in a side view at the position of the fulcrum bolt 36. Although not shown, when the grooving cutter 41 is mounted in the reverse direction and rotated in the reverse direction (clockwise in FIG. 6), the peripheral speed is set to be substantially equal to the traveling speed. In the case of the reverse rotation drive, the bite into the field scene is further improved, so that it is set to be slightly deeper than the lowest point of the locus of the planting claw 12. 8 and 9 show another embodiment of the planting body 13. The pushing nail 12a of the planting body 13 has a slit 1 whose middle portion is opened downward in the middle of the planting nail 12. As shown in FIG.
3a is partially invaded from the back side, and the lower part is bent back to the back side and abuts on the upper surface of the root portion of the seedling held by the planting claws 12 at the time of planting as shown in FIG. And push it down. When this pushing claw 12a is used, the mud clogging in the slit 13a of the planting body 13 is reliably prevented, and the protrusion on the back side protects the root of the seedling when the ditch enters, so that the seedling breaks. Damage can be prevented and the plant can be reliably planted in the ditch of the no-till field. (G) Effect of the Invention As described above, in the method for planting seedlings of the present invention, the horizontal shaft 40 is disposed in the space below the transit 3 after the side view in front of the planting device 8 that can be moved up and down. A groove cutter 41 having a width substantially equal to the width of the planting claw within a range not exceeding the width of the planting claw 12 on the horizontal shaft 40.
Is rotatably mounted at each position corresponding to the virtual extension line of the planting nail 12, and the root stock of the seedling is pushed into the narrow groove and planted to improve the separation of the seedling from the planting nail and prevent the falling seedling. It can be planted in an orderly standing posture. That is, the seedlings planted in the groove by the planting nails are supported by contacting the inner surface of the groove having a width substantially equal to the width of the planting nails within a range not exceeding the width of the planting nails, Even if there is a jump in the groove when the groove is formed by the rotating groove cutter, generation of falling seedlings can be effectively prevented. Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the grooving cutter is attached to the planting device via the support stay extending forward in the traveling direction from the planting device, it is possible to adjust the planting depth by moving the planting device up and down. Accordingly, the groove depth can be adjusted by the groove cutter at the same time. Further, in the seedling planting apparatus according to the present invention, the grooving cutter for forming a groove for planting seedlings in a field has a wide set, so that the grooving resistance is low despite the use of a disk blade as the grooving means. It is extremely small, and the width of the teeth protruding to the left and right is formed substantially equal to the width of the planting claw, so both sides of the root stock of the seedling are sandwiched between both sides of the groove, so that the seedling separation is good and the seedling is orderly It is held in the standing posture. Furthermore, even if there are many impurities such as cuts and weeds in a no-till field, the teeth 47 of the grooving cutter 41 are used to cut the straw and the like by the surface having a receding angle, Since it is pushed deeper into the soil in the ditch, it does not hinder the planting of seedlings, and no straw or the like gets entangled in the teeth 47. Can be formed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view of an implanter, and FIG.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a side view of a main part, Fig. 4 is a front view of the same, Fig. 5 (a) is a side view of a grooved disk, Fig. 5 (b) is a cross-sectional view of the same, and Fig. Fig. 7 is a side view of a main part of another embodiment, Fig. 7 is a front view of the same, Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the plant, and Figs. 9 (a) and 9 (b) show planting. It is sectional drawing which shows the planting action of a body. 8 ... planting device, 12 ... planting claw, 12a ... extrusion claw, 13 ... planting body, 15
...... Side sliding body, 25 ... rolling axis, 32 ... spring, 41 ... groove cutter, 47 ... teeth

Claims (1)

Claims: (1) A horizontal shaft is arranged in a vertically movable planting device attached to the rear of a traveling device via a support stay extending forward in a traveling direction and in a space below a rear wheel in a side view. Then, a rotary groove cutter is attached to the horizontal shaft at each position corresponding to the virtual extension line of the planting claw, and the groove cutter is used in a no-till field so as not to exceed the width of the planting claw. the width and approximately equal the width of the planting claw, and a deep groove than lowering the lower limit of the planting claws in the planting claw which sandwiches stumps seedlings infested from above into the groove, planting A method for planting seedlings in a no-till field, comprising: pushing a root stock of a seedling into a groove below a tip of a planting nail with an extrusion nail near a lower limit of a lowering of the nail. (2) In a seedling planting apparatus having a grooving cutter for forming a groove for planting seedlings in a field and a planting claw for planting a seedling in a groove formed by the grooving cutter, is projected a large number of teeth having a sweep angle on the outer periphery of the disk, in subjecting the distributing clams to the teeth, the width between the distal outer teeth projecting to the left and right, outer width of the planting claw substantially A seedling forming device having a width substantially equal to the width of the planting claw formed by the teeth and deeper than a lower limit of the lowering of the planting claw.