JP2651455B2 - How to treat cultivated plants - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating plants, and more particularly to a method for preventing plant growth and yellowing when cultivating plants such as strawberries and cruciferous vegetables are subjected to dark and low-temperature treatment. Regarding the processing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the forcing cultivation of strawberries in autumn and the forcing cultivation of cruciferous vegetables such as rapeseed and Chinese cabbage, seedlings which promoted flower bud differentiation by dark / low temperature treatment are planted. For example, when a strawberry seedling is continuously placed in a dark state, it is recognized that newly emerging leaves are remarkably prolonged and yellow without forming chlorophyll. Moreover, the leaves are extremely soft and easily broken, which makes it difficult to carry seedlings and perform cultivation operations such as planting. Also, when returned to natural light,
Chlorophyll formation also requires a certain period of time. From the above, the cultivation method of plants that are subjected to dark / low-temperature treatment has not been widely spread even though cultivation can be performed at relatively inexpensive facilities.

[0003] In order to prevent such plant growth and yellowing, plant growth inhibitors have been conventionally applied.
Prevention of stunting by chemicals also inhibits the growth of flower buds and inhibits or delays fruit ripening. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for dark / low temperature treatment of a plant for cultivation which has solved such a problem.

[0004]

That is, according to the present invention, when a plant for cultivation is subjected to dark and low-temperature treatment, the plant is treated with 660 plants.
Red quantum light with a wavelength of ± 50 nm is converted to a photon flux density of 0.6 μmo
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating a plant for cultivation, which comprises irradiating with a light intensity of 1 / m ² / sec or more for 4 to 16 hours / day.

[0005] Cultivation plants which are the object of the present invention include cruciferous vegetables in addition to strawberries, and those vegetables which can eat flower stems, such as rapeseed, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, radish, Cub, Taisai, Kairan, etc. can be mentioned.

[0006] These plants are subjected to low-temperature treatment in the dark prior to forcing cultivation. This treatment is performed for the purpose of promoting flower bud differentiation and the like.
C. for 10 to 40 days, preferably 10 to 10 for strawberries
Perform at 15 ° C for 14-21 days. In the case of cruciferous vegetables, it is preferably performed at 0 to 5 ° C for 20 to 40 days. In the processing in the present invention, in order to prevent spindly growth or yellowing of the plants, the wavelength of 660 ± 50 nm in the plant, preferably photon flux dense red light having a wavelength of 660 ± 30 nm
0.6 μmol / m ² / sec or more in degree , usually 1.2 to
12.0 μmol / m ² / sec, preferably 3.2 to
Irradiation is performed at a light intensity of 6.0 μmol / m ² / sec for 4 to 16 hours / day, preferably 8 to 12 hours / day.

[0007]

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. Example 1 Strawberry (variety: Namine) seedlings were stored in a warehouse at 15 ° C for 1
In the dark and low temperature treatment for 5 consecutive days, the section left unirradiated in the dark without irradiation, red light (National Colored Fluorescent Light Pure Red, FL20S-RF) 20W daily from 9am to 5pm
Area and white fluorescent lamp (National
There were provided three sections, each section of which was intermittently irradiated with a full white fluorescent lamp, FL20SS / N / 18) 18W three times for 30 minutes each at 4 hours from 9:00 every day. Also, natural light (85% shading)
Ward was also established.

The wavelength distribution of red light is in a range of 600 to 700 nm with a peak at 660 nm, and the light intensity is 3.2 to 1.2 μmol / m ² / s immediately below and at the farthest distance.
ec (photon flux density) (see FIG. 1). In addition, the white fluorescent lamp is used in the range of 5.1 to 1.5 μmol / m ² / sec (light
Quantum flux density) .

As a result, in the low-temperature treatment for 15 days,
The petiole length of the leaves that had emerged before the treatment did not differ between the treatment sections, and the leaves that newly emerged during the low-temperature treatment had an average of 27 cm in the dark section, compared to 15 cm in the other light irradiation sections. It was recognized that it was significantly prolonged (see FIG. 2). When the dark / low temperature treatment was performed for 33 days, the petiole length of newly emerging leaves was 25 to 36 cm in the dark section, whereas it was 11 to 14 cm in the red light irradiation section.

[0010] Thus, when the control of the petiole length of newly emerging leaves by irradiation with red light was examined using a dark section without irradiation as a control, it was found that the cause was suppression of epidermal cell elongation (see Table 1).

[0011]

[Table 1] Table 1-Processing conditions Petiole length Epidermal cells Number of long epidermal cells Number of days (cm) (μm) １５15 Dark 25.6 184.8 1385 Red light irradiation section 11.3 74.4 1518 ３３ 33 Dark section 35.6 235.1 1514 Red light irradiation section 13.9 92.4 1504 ───────────────────────────────────

On the other hand, the flower bud differentiation rate was 100% in all sections including the untreated dark section. Bud buds and flowering days were 2.5 days and 3.5 days in the red light-irradiated section, respectively, compared to the dark section.
The day was early (see FIG. 3).

As for the number of flowers, the number of flowers, and the weight of the fruit cluster, the red light-irradiated group was the largest, and the appearance rate of the axillary cluster was clearly higher in the red light-irradiated group. Furthermore, from the development status of flower buds, it is conceivable that red light may be effective not only in preventing growth and yellowing, but also in increasing the photoperiod effect and promoting flower bud differentiation.

Example 2 In Example 1, rapeseed (variety: Kizakinonrape) was used in place of strawberry, and low-temperature dark treatment was performed at 3 ± 1 ° C. for 30 days. At that time, 20 W of red light (National Colored Fluorescent Lamp Pure Red, FL20S ・ RF)
Irradiation for 12 hours from 18:00 to 18:00 (wavelength distribution of red light: 660
nm to 600 nm to 700 nm, photon
Bundle density : 4 μmol / m ² / sec). as a result,
The stem length of the new stem (hypocotyl) is 122.3 mm on average in the dark zone
On the other hand, it was 28.1 mm in the red light irradiation section. Therefore, even in the case of cross-flower vegetables such as rapeseed, the growth of stems (hypocotyls) can be prevented under low temperature and dark treatment.

[0015]

According to the present invention, low-temperature and dark treatment for forcing cultivation of strawberries and cruciferous vegetables can be performed more effectively than the conventional method, and the length and yellowness of leaves and stems can be improved. Can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently obtain a seedling in which flower bud differentiation is promoted. The method of the present invention is also effective for low-temperature treatment of bulbs such as tulips, gladioli, daffodils and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a wavelength distribution of red light.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of light irradiation during low-temperature treatment on petiole length.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of light irradiation during low-temperature treatment on bud and flowering dates.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] When a cultivation plant is subjected to dark / low temperature treatment, the plant is irradiated with red light having a wavelength of 660 ± 50 nm by photoquantization.
A method for treating a plant for cultivation, comprising irradiating with a light intensity of 0.6 μmol / m ² / sec or more for 4 to 16 hours / day. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plant is a strawberry or a cruciferous vegetable. 3. When the plant is a strawberry, 10 to 15 ° C.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the low-temperature treatment is performed for 14 to 21 days. 4. When the plant is a cruciferous vegetable, 0 to 0
The method for treating a plant according to claim 1, wherein the low-temperature treatment is performed at 5C for 20 to 40 days.