JP2649421B2 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a laminated heat exchanger used for a vehicle air conditioner, and more particularly to a heat exchanger in which a pair of tanks is formed at one end and communicated through a U-shaped passage. The present invention relates to a heat exchanger formed by stacking elements.

(Prior Art) In recent years, with the increase in size of vehicles, this type of heat exchanger also tends to increase in size. In increasing the size of the heat exchanger, a conventional configuration having a so-called two-pass flow pattern is not practical because the flow of the refrigerant is remarkable and the heat exchange rate is poor and impractical. A configuration in which the number of refrigerant passages is increased in a path or the like has been configured (for example, see Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 63-197977).

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, when the number of passes in the refrigerant passage is increased, the passage resistance increases, and the temperature distribution of the heat exchanged air from the inlet side to the outlet side of the refrigerant becomes unbalanced. There's a problem.

In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a heat exchanger which does not increase the passage resistance even if the number of refrigerant passages is increased, thereby improving the heat exchange rate and making the temperature distribution uniform. And

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, a heat exchanger according to the present invention alternately stacks heat exchange elements and fins having a pair of tanks and a U-shaped passage communicating these. Then, a plurality of stages of heat exchange elements that appropriately communicate the tanks of the heat exchange elements adjacent to each other in the stacking direction are provided, and a refrigerant having a forward path and a return path between a pair of tank groups of each heat exchange element group. A passage is formed, and inlet means having a refrigerant distribution chamber is interposed between the first heat exchange element group on one end side and the second heat exchange element group adjacent to the first heat exchange element group. The chamber communicates with one of the first and second heat exchange element groups, and the other of the first and second heat exchange element groups communicates with the second tank group.
Each refrigerant passage is formed in series by communicating one of a pair of adjacent tank groups of each heat exchange element group on the other end side from the heat exchange element group, and each refrigerant passage is formed at an end on the side opposite to the inlet means of the series refrigerant passage. An outlet means is provided.

In the second heat exchanger according to the present invention, the heat exchange elements for the inlet are arranged alternately between the pair of tanks and the heat exchange elements having the U-shaped passages connecting the tanks, and the fins are alternately stacked. Then, by providing a plurality of heat exchange element groups adjacent to each other in the stacking direction, a refrigerant passage having a forward path and a return path is formed between a pair of tank groups of each heat exchange element group, One heat exchange element group is provided with the heat exchange element for the inlet, and a pair of tank groups of the first heat exchange element group is connected to a second heat exchange element adjacent thereto via the heat exchange element for the inlet. Each refrigerant passage is communicated with a pair of tank groups in contact with the element group, and communicates with one of a pair of tank groups adjacent to each other on the other end side from the second heat exchange element group. Are formed in series, Outlet means to the heat exchange element end of a counter-inlet of the series of the refrigerant passage in which is made provided.

A third heat exchanger according to the present invention is configured such that heat exchange elements having a pair of tanks and a U-shaped passage communicating therewith are alternately stacked with fins, and each heat exchange element adjacently arranged in the stacking direction is provided. A plurality of stages of heat exchange elements that appropriately communicate the tanks, a refrigerant passage having a forward path and a return path is formed between a pair of tank groups of each heat exchange element group, and a pair of adjacent heat exchange element groups. Forming one refrigerant passage in series by communicating one of the tank groups, providing an inlet pipe having a refrigerant bypass hole and a refrigerant supply hole at one end of the serial refrigerant passage, and providing outlet means at the other end, The refrigerant bypass hole of the inlet pipe is communicated with the other tank group of the first heat exchange element group having the tank group with which the refrigerant supply hole is communicated.

A fourth heat exchanger according to the present invention is configured such that heat exchange elements having a pair of tanks and a U-shaped passage connecting them and fins are alternately stacked, and each heat exchange element adjacently arranged in the stacking direction is provided. A plurality of stages of heat exchange elements that appropriately communicate the tanks, a refrigerant passage having a forward path and a return path is formed between a pair of tank groups of each heat exchange element group, and a pair of adjacent heat exchange element groups. The refrigerant passages are formed in series by communicating one of the tank groups, an inlet means is provided at one end of the refrigerant passages in the series, and an outlet means is provided at the other end, and adjacent communication between any heat exchange element groups. The communication between the tank groups that are not performed is appropriately performed.

A fifth heat exchanger according to the present invention is characterized in that heat exchange elements having a pair of tanks and a U-shaped passage communicating these are alternately stacked with fins, and each heat exchange element adjacently arranged in the stacking direction is provided. A plurality of stages of heat exchange elements that appropriately communicate the tanks, a refrigerant passage having a forward path and a return path is formed between a pair of tank groups of each heat exchange element group, and a pair of adjacent heat exchange element groups. One of the tank groups is communicated to form each refrigerant passage in series, and an inlet means is provided at one end of the series refrigerant passage and an outlet means is provided at the other end, and within any heat exchange element group, appropriately. One of the heat exchange elements communicates with a pair of tanks.

The sixth heat exchanger according to the present invention alternately laminates heat exchange elements and fins having a pair of tanks, a U-shaped passage communicating therewith, and an independent tank, so that the fins are adjacent to each other in the laminating direction. A plurality of stages of heat exchange elements that appropriately communicate the tanks of the respective heat exchange elements to be provided are provided, and a refrigerant passage and an independent tank group having a forward path and a return path between a pair of tank groups of each heat exchange element group are provided. The refrigerant passages are formed in series by communicating one of a pair of adjacent tank groups of each heat exchange element group, and inlet means are provided at one end of the refrigerant passages in series and outlet means are provided at the other end. Each of the independent tank groups is connected in series, and one of at least two or more arbitrary heat exchange element groups is connected to the series independent tank group.

(Operation) Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, two paths (outgoing path and returning path) of refrigerant passages are formed for each of the plurality of heat exchange element groups, and the heat exchange is performed by connecting them in series. 4 passes, 6 passes, corresponding to twice the number of element groups,
Eight-pass and other multi-pass refrigerant passages can be formed, and a refrigerant distribution chamber and a refrigerant passage chamber are provided between a first heat exchange element group at one end thereof and a second heat exchange element group adjacent thereto. Since the inlet means is interposed, the refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger passes through the refrigerant passages of the first and second heat exchange elements (the first four refrigerant passages) and the second refrigerant passage without passing through the refrigerant passages. The refrigerant is branched into a bypass that is bypassed in the fifth pass, and merges in the fifth pass to move to the subsequent refrigerant passage. As a result, the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant passage in the preceding four passes is reduced, The refrigerant that has not exchanged heat is bypass-supplied to the refrigerant passage at the subsequent stage.

In the invention according to claim 2, by using a heat exchange element for the entrance instead of the above-mentioned entrance means,
The same operation as the heat exchanger according to claim 1 is performed.

In the invention according to claim 3, the refrigerant passages of each heat exchange element group are connected in series to form a multi-pass refrigerant passage, and the first heat exchange element group on one end side of the refrigerant passage is formed. Since the refrigerant supply holes and the refrigerant bypass holes of the inlet pipes are respectively connected to the pair of tank groups, the refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger flows through the refrigerant supply holes through the refrigerant passages of the first heat exchange element group. The refrigerant is divided into the refrigerant passing through the first two-pass refrigerant passage) and the refrigerant bypass hole without passing through the refrigerant bypass hole and bypassing the third-pass refrigerant at the third pass. As a result, the amount of refrigerant in the two-pass refrigerant passages in the first stage decreases, and the refrigerant that has not exchanged heat is supplied to the second refrigerant passage in a bypass manner.

In the invention according to claim 4, the refrigerant passages of each heat exchange element group can be connected in series to form a multi-pass refrigerant passage, and the refrigerant passages are communicated between any adjacent heat exchange element groups. Since no tank groups are connected, the refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger passes through the refrigerant passages (arbitrary four-pass refrigerant passages) of the adjacent heat exchange element group that connects the tank groups. The refrigerant is bypassed to the refrigerant passage of the succeeding stage, so that the amount of refrigerant in the arbitrary four-pass refrigerant passage is reduced, and the subsequent refrigerant passage has sufficient heat exchange capacity. Refrigerant is supplied by bypass.

In the invention according to claim 5, by connecting the refrigerant passages of each heat exchange element group in series, a multi-pass refrigerant passage can be formed, and in any of the heat exchange element groups,
Since the pair of tanks of any one of the heat exchange elements is communicated, the refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger passes through the refrigerant passage of the arbitrary heat exchange element group and the refrigerant passage at the subsequent stage without passing through the refrigerant passage. The amount of the refrigerant in the refrigerant passage of the arbitrary heat exchange element group is reduced, and the refrigerant having a sufficient heat exchange capacity is supplied to the subsequent refrigerant passage by the bypass supply. Is done.

In the invention according to claim 6, the refrigerant passage of each heat exchange element group and the independent tank group can be connected in series to form a multi-pass refrigerant passage and an independent tank group in series. Since one of the arbitrary two heat exchange element groups is connected to the series independent tank group, the refrigerant flowing into the heat exchanger passes through the refrigerant passage between the arbitrary two heat exchange element groups. And bypasses the refrigerant to a refrigerant bypass in the succeeding stage via a series of independent tank groups without passing through the refrigerant tank. The amount decreases,
A refrigerant having a sufficient heat exchange capacity is bypass-supplied to the subsequent refrigerant passage.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of a heat exchanger according to the first aspect. The heat exchanger 1 has heat exchanger elements 2 and corrugated fins 4 alternately stacked, end plates 6, 6 disposed at both ends in the stacking direction, and a refrigerant inlet pipe 8 directed toward one side. And outlet pipe
10 and are assembled by brazing them together in a furnace.

As shown in detail in FIG. 3, the heat exchange element 2 is formed by joining two forming plates 20A and 20B. Forming plates 20A, 20 constituting heat exchange element 2
B, the lower part of the figure is swelled to form grooves 21 and 22,
A ridge 24 extends upward from between the grooves 21 and 22, and a U-shaped groove 25 communicating with the grooves 21 and 22 is formed on the periphery thereof. The two elements are joined to form a heat exchange element 2 in which the tanks 26, 27 from the grooves 21, 22 of each other and the tank 2 from the grooves 25, respectively.
U-shaped passages 29 that communicate 6, 27 are formed respectively. Openings 26A and 27A are formed in the centers of the tanks 26 and 27 so that the tanks that come into contact between adjacent heat exchange elements communicate with each other.

In the heat exchanger 1, the stacked heat exchange elements are appropriately divided to form, for example, first, second, third, and fourth heat exchange element groups 100, 200, 300, and 400 divided into four.

The first and second heat exchange element groups 100 and 200 are configured on the right side in the figure, and their tank groups 102 and 202 (tank 2).
6) and tank groups 104 and 2
Two paths (outward path and return path) of refrigerant passages through which the refrigerant moves in the U-shaped passage 29 are formed between the refrigerant passage 04 and the other tank group constituted by the tank 27. This first and second
An inlet pipe 8 described below is interposed between the heat exchange elements 100 and 200.

In the inlet pipe 8, a refrigerant distribution chamber 12 communicating with the pipe pipe 8a and an independent refrigerant passage chamber 14 extend in the longitudinal direction. In the center of the refrigerant distribution chamber 12, an opening aperture area is S ₁
And 12A, an opening area is formed and the opening 12B is S _2. On the other hand, in the center of the refrigerant passage chamber 14, the opening 14A opening area is S _3, 14B are formed, the opening area of the opening 26A of the tanks 26, 27 of the aforementioned heat exchange element 2, the same as 27A Has become. An opening area of the opening of the refrigerant distribution chamber 12 and an opening of the refrigerant passage chamber 14 are set to have a relationship of S ₁ <S ₂ <S ₃ . Thus, the inlet pipe 8 is connected to the refrigerant distribution chamber 12.
Is the tank group 1 of the first and second heat exchange element groups 100 and 200
Between 02 and 202, the refrigerant passage chamber 14 is disposed in contact with the tank groups 104 and 204. Accordingly, the refrigerant distribution chamber 12 communicates with the tank groups 102 and 202 via the openings 12A and 12B, and the refrigerant passage chamber 14 communicates with the tank groups 104 and 204 via the openings 14A and 14B. Thereby, the refrigerant flowing from the inlet pipe 8 into the refrigerant distribution chamber 12 is
The tank group 102 of the first heat exchange element group 100 via B
Into the tank group 202 of the second heat exchange element group 200 via the opening 12A. Here, the openings 12A, 12A of the refrigerant distribution chamber 12
In B, since the opening areas S ₁ and S ₂ are in a relationship of S ₁ <S ₂ , the refrigerant flowing into the tank group 102 of the first heat exchange element group 100 is The amount is larger than the refrigerant flowing into the tank group 202 of the group 200. On the other hand, the refrigerant passage chamber 14 is formed by connecting the tank groups 104 and 204 of the first and second heat exchange element groups 100 and 200, that is, each of the two paths (the forward path and the return path) of the first and second heat exchange element groups 100 and 200. Are connected in series to form a four-pass refrigerant passage.

On the other hand, the third and fourth heat exchange element groups 300 and 400
The first and second heat exchange element groups 100 and 200 are arranged on the left side in the figure, and the tank groups 302 and 402 (one of the tank groups constituted by the tank 26) and the tank group 30 are arranged similarly to the first and second heat exchange element groups 100 and 200.
Each of two refrigerant passages (outward and return) through which the refrigerant moves in the U-shaped passage 29 is formed between the refrigerant passages 4,404 (the other tank group constituted by the tank 27).

The volumes of the third and fourth heat exchange element groups 300 and 400 are, as shown, the first and second heat exchange element groups 100 and 400, respectively.
The volume is set to about twice the volume of 200 (the number of stacked heat exchange elements 2 is twice). The refrigerant outlet pipe 10 is inserted into the tank 26 of one forming plate 2 of the fourth heat exchange element group 400.

Thus, the third and fourth heat exchange element groups 300, 40
0 indicates that the tank group 304
404 are connected to each other to form a four-pass refrigerant passage in which the two-pass (outward and return) refrigerant passages are connected in series. Then, the third and fourth ports having the four-pass refrigerant passages are provided.
Heat exchange element groups 300 and 400, and the first and second heat exchange element groups 100 and 200 having the four-pass refrigerant passages described above.
Means the second and third heat exchange element groups that they contact
The tank groups 202 and 302 are connected to each other at the tank portions 200 and 300 to constitute a heat exchanger 1 having a total of eight refrigerant passages. Note that between the tank groups 204 and 304 and between the tank groups 302 and 402, a forming plate having no opening in one groove is used (in this embodiment, the third and fourth heat exchange element groups 300 and 400 have openings). Forming plate 20 without forming 27A and 26A
B ', 20B "is used.).

As shown in FIG. 4, the heat exchanger 1 configured as described above is configured such that the refrigerant flowing from the inlet pipe 8 into the refrigerant distribution chamber 12
The flow is diverted to the tank group 102 of the first heat exchange element group 100 via the opening 12B, and moves therefrom to the tank group 104 via the U-shaped passage 29, and from the tank group 104 to the second heat exchange element group 200 Moves to the tank group 202 via the U-shaped passage 29 and passes through the preceding four refrigerant passages.

Then, the tank group 202 of the second heat exchange element group 200
Thus, the refrigerant that has not exchanged heat is supplied from the opening 12A of the refrigerant distribution chamber 12 by bypass.

The refrigerant joined in the tank group 202 moves horizontally to the tank group 302 of the third heat exchange element group 300, moves to the tank group 304 via the U-shaped passage 29, and moves from the tank group 304 to the fourth heat group. Horizontally moves to the tank group 404 of the replacement element group 400,
A total of eight refrigerant passages are discharged from the outlet pipe 10 through four subsequent refrigerant passages that move to the tank group 402 via the V-shaped passage 29.
Therefore, in the heat exchanger 1, the amount of refrigerant in the four-pass refrigerant passages in the preceding stage decreases, and the refrigerant that has not exchanged heat is bypass-supplied, merges with the refrigerant in the preceding stage, and the refrigerant in the subsequent four passes. Heat is exchanged in the passage.

Note that the amount of the refrigerant divided in the refrigerant distribution chamber 12 is determined by appropriately setting the opening areas S ₁ and S ₂ (S ₁ <S ₂ ) of the openings 12A and 12B formed therein. .

FIG. 5 shows an example of the configuration of the heat exchanger according to the second aspect, which will be described below. However, the same components as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

The heat exchanger 1 is alternately stacked with the fins 4 while arranging an inlet heat exchange element 2 ′ between the heat exchange elements 2, and end plates 6, 6 are arranged at both ends in the stacking direction. And the refrigerant inlet pipe 8
And an outlet pipe 10, which are assembled together by brazing in a furnace. The stacked heat exchange elements are appropriately divided into first, second, third and fourth heat exchange elements. Element groups 100, 200, 300, and 400 are configured.

This heat exchanger 1 is provided with the inlet pipe 8 of the above-described embodiment,
The first heat exchange element group is formed by using an inlet heat exchange element 2 ′ integrally formed with the heat exchange element 2.
A heat exchanger similar to the one described above is arranged at 100.

The inlet heat exchange element 2 'is formed by inserting or integrally molding an inlet pipe 8 having only the pipe 8a into one tank (for example, tank 26') of the heat exchange element 2. The tank 26 'of the heat exchange element 2' for the inlet
The opening areas S ₁ , S ₂ of the openings 26B, 26C are set to satisfy S ₁ <S ₂ . The opening 27A, 27A opening area S ₃ of the tank 27 is the same as the opening 27A of the other heat exchange element 2 of the tank 27. The opening area of the opening of these tanks 26 'and 27 is
S ₁ <S ₂ <S ₃ is set.

Thus, the first heat exchange element group 100 in which the inlet heat exchange elements 2 'are arranged includes a tank group 102 (one of the tank groups constituted by the tanks 26 and 26') and a tank group 104. A refrigerant passage of two passes (outward and return) through which the refrigerant moves in the U-shaped passage 29 is formed between the refrigerant passage (the other tank group constituted by the tank 27). Similarly to the first heat exchange element group 100, the second heat exchange element group 200 includes a tank group 202 (one of the tank groups including the tank 26) and a tank group 204 (the tank 27).
U-shaped passage between the other
A two-pass (outgoing path and returning path) refrigerant passage in which the refrigerant moves through the inside 29 is formed. The two-pass (outward and return) refrigerant passages of the first and second heat exchange element groups 100 and 200 are connected to the tank group 104 in the tank portion where they contact.
And 204 communicate with each other to form a four-pass refrigerant passage. Further, the tank groups 102 and 202 communicate with each other via the opening 26B of the inlet heat exchange element 2 '. As a result, the refrigerant flowing from the inlet pipe 8 into the tank 26 'of the heat exchange element 2' for the inlet flows into the tank group 102 of the first heat exchange element group 100 and the second heat exchange element. It will be diverted to the one that flows into the tank group 202 of the group 200.

On the other hand, the third and fourth heat exchange element groups 300 and 400
The tank groups 304 and 404 are connected at the tank portion where they are in contact, forming a four-pass refrigerant passage in which the two-pass (outward and return) refrigerant passages are connected in series. The third and fourth heat exchange element groups 300 and 400 having the four-pass refrigerant passages and the first and second heat exchange element groups 100 and 200 having the four-pass refrigerant passages are in contact with each other. 2. Third heat exchange element group 200,300
The tank groups 202 and 302 are connected to each other to form a heat exchanger 1 having a total of eight refrigerant passages. Note that between the tank groups 204 and 304 and between the tank groups 302 and 402, a forming plate having no opening in one groove is used (in this embodiment, the third and fourth heat exchange element groups 30 and 30).
Forming plates 20B ', 20 having no openings 27A, 26A in 0,400
A 'is used. ), The structure does not communicate.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the heat exchanger 1 configured as described above, the refrigerant flowing from the inlet pipe 8 into the tank 26 'of the heat exchange element 2' for the inlet flows through the opening 26C. The flow is diverted to the tank group 102 of the first heat exchange element group 100, moves from there to the tank group 104 via the U-shaped passage 29, and moves from the tank group 104 to the tank group 20 of the second heat exchange element group 200.
Then, it moves horizontally to the tank group 202 via the U-shaped passage 29 and passes through the refrigerant passages of the preceding four passes.

Then, the tank group 202 of the second heat exchange element group 200
The opening of the tank 26 'of the heat exchange element 2' for the inlet
The refrigerant that has not exchanged heat is supplied from 26B by bypass.

The refrigerant joined in the tank group 202 moves horizontally to the tank group 302 of the third heat exchange element group 300, moves to the tank group 304 via the U-shaped passage 29, and moves from the tank group 304 to the fourth heat group. Horizontally moves to the tank group 404 of the replacement element group 400,
A total of eight refrigerant passages are discharged from the outlet pipe 10 through four subsequent refrigerant passages that move to the tank 402 via the V-shaped passage 29.
Therefore, in the heat exchanger 1, the amount of the refrigerant in the four-pass refrigerant passages in the preceding stage is reduced, and the refrigerant that has not exchanged heat is supplied to the heat exchanger 1 in the same manner as in the heat exchanger described in the first embodiment. Then, the refrigerant merges with the refrigerant at the preceding stage, and heat is exchanged in the refrigerant passages of the four paths at the subsequent stage.

Amount diverts coolant in 'tank 26' the heat exchange element 2 for the inlet, the opening 26B, the opening area S ₁ of 26C, S
₂ (S ₁ <S ₂ ) is determined appropriately.

Next, an example of the configuration of the heat exchanger according to claim 3 will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 7, the heat exchanger 1 has heat exchange elements and corrugated fins 4 alternately stacked, and has end plates 6, 6 and a refrigerant inlet pipe 8, an outlet pipe 10 at both ends in the stacking direction. Is arranged. The heat exchanger 1 has first, second, and third heat exchange element groups 100, 200, and 300 appropriately partitioned in the stacking direction, and each of the heat exchanger elements has a tank group 102, 202, 302 (one of the tank groups constituted by the tank 26). ) And tank groups 104, 204, 304 (Tank 2
A two-pass (outgoing path and returning path) refrigerant passage for moving the refrigerant in the U-shaped passage 29 is formed between the refrigerant passage and the other tank group constituted by 7. In each of the two passes of the refrigerant passages, the tank groups 102 and 202 and the tank groups 204 and 304 are communicated with each other in a tank portion where they are in contact with each other to constitute a heat exchanger 1 having a total of six passes of the refrigerant passages. The six-pass refrigerant passage is provided with an inlet pipe 8 described below by a tank group 104 at one end thereof.
The tank group 302 at the other end is communicated with the outlet pipe 10 through the refrigerant supply hole 8c.
Note that between the tank groups 104 and 204 and between the tank groups 202 and 302, a forming plate having no opening in one groove is used (in this embodiment, the second and third heat exchange element groups 200 and 30 are used).
Forming plates 20B ', 20B "that do not form openings 27A, 26A in 0
Is used. ), The structure does not communicate.

Inlet pipe 8, a refrigerant bypass hole 8b aperture area is S ₁ in its extending direction, the coolant supply hole 8c opening area is S ₂
And is disposed on the first heat exchange element group 100 side. The opening areas S ₁ and S ₂ of the refrigerant bypass hole 8b and the refrigerant supply hole 8c of the inlet pipe 8 are set so that S ₁ <S ₂ . Thus, the inlet pipe 8 has the refrigerant bypass hole 8b formed in the tank group 102 of the first heat exchange element group 100,
The coolant supply holes 8c are respectively connected to the tank groups 104 as described above. Therefore, in the inlet pipe 8, the refrigerant flowing therethrough flows into the tank group 102 of the first heat exchange element group 100 through the refrigerant bypass hole 8b, and the tank group 104 flows through the refrigerant supply hole 8c. Will flow separately to the one that flows in.

As shown in FIG. 8, the heat exchanger 1 configured as described above is configured such that the refrigerant flowing into the inlet pipe 8 is supplied to the tank group 104 of the first heat exchange element group 100 through the refrigerant supply hole 8c. , And from there, it moves to the tank group 102 via the U-shaped passage 29, and passes through the two-pass refrigerant passages at the preceding stage.

In the tank group 102, the refrigerant that has not exchanged heat is bypass-supplied from the refrigerant bypass hole 8b of the inlet pipe 8.

The refrigerant joined in the tank group 102 moves horizontally to the tank group 202 of the second heat exchange element group 200, moves to the tank group 204 via the U-shaped passage 29, and moves from the tank group 204 to the third heat exchanger. The water is horizontally moved to the tank group 304 of the exchange element group 300, and then discharged from the outlet pipe 10 through the latter four passes of the refrigerant passage which moves to the tank group 302 via the U-shaped passage 29.

A total of six refrigerant passages are provided.
Therefore, in the heat exchanger 1, the amount of refrigerant in the two-pass refrigerant passages in the first stage is reduced, and the refrigerant that has not exchanged heat is bypass-supplied, and heat is exchanged in the four-pass refrigerant passages in the rear stage. It has become.

The amount of refrigerant diverted by the inlet pipe 8 depends on the opening areas S ₁ , S ₂ (S ₁ , S ₂ ) of the refrigerant bypass hole 8b and the refrigerant supply hole 8c formed therein.
₁ <is determined by setting the S ₂₎ as appropriate.

FIG. 9 shows an example in which the heat exchanger according to claim 4 is configured.

In FIG. 9, the heat exchanger 1 includes a heat exchange element 2
And the corrugated fins 4 are alternately laminated,
End plates 6, 6 and a refrigerant inlet pipe 8 and an outlet pipe 10 are arranged at both ends in the stacking direction. In the heat exchanger 1, first, second, and third heat exchange element groups 100, 200, and 300 are appropriately divided in the stacking direction, and each of the first and second heat exchange element groups is a tank group 102, 202, and 302 (one of the tank groups constituted by the tank 26). Tank group 104, 204, 304 (Tank 27
U-shaped passage between the other
A refrigerant passage of two passes (outbound and return) through which the refrigerant moves in the interior 29 is formed. In each of the two paths of the refrigerant passages, the tank groups 104 and 204 and the tank groups 202 and 302 are communicated with each other in a tank portion where they are in contact with each other to constitute the heat exchanger 1 having a total of six paths of refrigerant paths. In the six-pass refrigerant passage, the tank group 102 at one end is connected to the inlet pipe 8 and the tank group 304 at the other end is connected to the outlet pipe 10.
Is communicated to. Incidentally, between the tank groups 204 and 304, a forming plate having no opening in one groove is used (in this embodiment, the opening 27A is formed in the third heat exchange element group 300).
The molding plate 20B ', which does not form, is used. ), The structure does not communicate.

Thus, the heat exchanger 1 has a structure in which the tank groups 102 and 202 communicate with each other. That is, the first heat exchange element group 100, the molding plate 20B having an opening 26A in which the opening of the tank 26 and the opening area S ₁ '(when the opening area of the opening 26A and _{S 3, S 1 <S 3} ) To communicate with the tank groups 102 and 202 through the openings 26A '. Thereby, the refrigerant flowing from the inlet pipe 8 into the tank group 102 of the first heat exchange element group 100 is What flows into the tank group 104 via the U-shaped passage 29 and the opening 26 of the forming plate 20B "
A ′ through the tank group 20 of the second heat exchange element group 200
2 will be diverted to those flowing into 2.

As shown in FIG. 10, the heat exchanger 1 configured as described above allows the refrigerant flowing from the inlet pipe 8 into the tank group 102 of the first heat exchange element group 100 to bypass the refrigerant at the opening 26A '. Except for a part of the second heat exchange element group 200, the U-shaped passage 29 moves from the tank group 104 to the tank group 204 of the second heat exchange element group 200, and moves from the tank group 204 to the U-shaped passage 29.
To the tank group 202, and passes through the refrigerant passages of the preceding four paths to this point.

Then, the opening 26 of the forming plate 20B ″ is
A refrigerant that has not exchanged heat is supplied from A 'by bypass.

The refrigerant that has joined in the tank group 202 moves horizontally to the tank group 302 of the third heat exchange element group 300, passes through the latter two-pass refrigerant passage that moves to the tank group 304 via the U-shaped passage 29, A total of six paths of refrigerant passages discharged from the outlet pipe 10 are formed.
Therefore, in this heat exchanger 1, the amount of the refrigerant in the four-pass refrigerant passages in the preceding stage is reduced, and the refrigerant that is not exchanging heat is bypass-supplied, merges with the refrigerant in the preceding stage, and the two-pass refrigerant in the succeeding stage. Heat is exchanged in the passage.

The amount of bypassing the refrigerant between the tank group 102, 202 is determined by setting the opening area S ₁ of the openings 26A 'of the forming plate 20B "as appropriate.

FIG. 11 shows an example of a heat exchanger according to the fifth aspect.

In FIG. 11, the heat exchanger 1 includes a heat exchange element 2
And the corrugated fins 4 are alternately laminated,
End plates 6, 6 and a refrigerant inlet pipe 8 and an outlet pipe 10 are arranged at both ends in the stacking direction. In the heat exchanger 1, first, second, and third heat exchange element groups 100, 200, and 300 are appropriately divided in the stacking direction, and each of the first and second heat exchange element groups is a tank group 102, 202, and 302 (one of the tank groups constituted by the tank 26). Tank group 104, 204, 304 (Tank 27
U-shaped passage between the other
A refrigerant passage of two passes (outbound and return) through which the refrigerant moves in the interior 29 is formed. In each of the two paths of the refrigerant passages, the tank groups 104 and 204 and the tank groups 202 and 302 are communicated with each other in a tank portion where they are in contact with each other to constitute the heat exchanger 1 having a total of six paths of refrigerant paths. In the six-pass refrigerant passage, the tank group 102 at one end is connected to the inlet pipe 8 and the tank group 304 at the other end is connected to the outlet pipe 10.
Is communicated to. Here, between the tank groups 102 and 202 and between the tank groups 204 and 304, a forming plate having no opening in one groove is used (in this embodiment, the second and third heat exchange element groups 200 and 300 are used). The molding plates 20B ″ and 20B ′ that do not have the openings 26A and 27A are used.)

Thus, in the heat exchanger 1, for example, the first heat exchange element group 100 is provided with the heat exchange element 2A in which the tanks 26 and 27 are communicated with each other through the passage 2a, and the tanks 102 and 104 are connected to each other.
The structure is such that they communicate without passing through the character passage 29. As a result, the first heat exchange element group 10
The refrigerant flowing into the zero tank group 102 is divided into a refrigerant flowing into the tank group 104 via the U-shaped passage 29 and a refrigerant flowing into the tank group 104 without passing through the U-shaped passage 29. Has become.

As shown in FIG. 12, the heat exchanger 1 configured as described above is configured such that the refrigerant flowing from the inlet pipe 8 into the tank group 102 of the first heat exchange element group 100 is cooled by the heat exchange element 2A. Except for a part that is bypassed, it moves to the tank group 104 via the U-shaped passage 29 and passes through the two-pass refrigerant passages at the preceding stage.

Then, in the tank group 104, the refrigerant that has not exchanged heat is bypass-supplied via the tanks 26 and 27 of the heat exchange element 2A.

The refrigerant joined in the tank group 104 moves horizontally to the tank group 204 of the second heat exchange element group 200, and the tank group 204
From the tank group 302 via the U-shaped passage 29 to the tank group 202 via the U-shaped passage 29, and from there to the tank group 302 of the third heat exchange element group 300.
A total of six paths of refrigerant passages are discharged from the outlet pipe 10 through four paths of refrigerant paths at the subsequent stage moving to 04.
Therefore, in the heat exchanger 1, the amount of refrigerant in the two-pass refrigerant passages in the first stage is reduced, and the refrigerant that has not exchanged heat is bypass-supplied, and heat is appropriately exchanged in the four-pass refrigerant passages in the rear stage. Things.

FIG. 13 shows an example of a heat exchanger according to claim 6.

In FIG. 13, the heat exchanger 1 includes a heat exchange element 3
And the corrugated fins 4 are alternately stacked, and end plates 6, 6 and a refrigerant inlet pipe 8 and an outlet pipe 10 are arranged at both ends in the stacking direction.

The heat exchange element 3 is, as shown in FIG.
It is configured by joining two forming plates 20A and 20B. The forming plates 20A and 20B constituting the heat exchange element 3 are:
The lower part of the figure is bulged to form grooves 21, 22, 23, and a ridge 24 extends from above the central groove 23, and has a U-shape communicating with the grooves 21, 22 at the periphery thereof. A groove 25 is formed. The heat exchange element 3 is formed by joining these two pieces, and inside the tanks 26 and 27 from the grooves 21 and 22, the tanks 28 and 27 are independent from the grooves 23.
Is a U-shaped passage 2 communicating the tanks 26 and 27 from the respective groove portions 25.
9 are each configured. Openings 26A, 27A, 28A are formed in the centers of the tanks 26, 27 and the independent tank 28, so that the tanks that come into contact between adjacent heat exchange elements communicate with each other.

The heat exchanger 1 in which the heat exchange elements 3 are stacked
Constitutes first, second, third and fourth heat exchange element groups 100, 200, 300 and 400 by appropriately dividing them. The first, second, third, and fourth heat exchange element groups 100, 20
0,300,400 contains the tank group 102,202,302,402 (tank
26, one tank group consisting of 26)
Two passages (outbound and return) through which the refrigerant moves in the U-shaped passage 29, and independent tank groups 106, 206, 204, 304, 404 (the other tank group constituted by the tank 27).
306, 406 (constituted by the independent tank 28). In each of the two-pass refrigerant passages, the tank groups 104 and 204, the tank groups 202 and 302, and the tank groups 304 and 404 are communicated with each other in a tank portion where each heat exchange element group is in contact. Make up. In the eight-pass refrigerant passage, the tank group 102 at one end is connected to the inlet pipe 8 and the tank group 402 at the other end is connected to the outlet pipe 10. In addition, independent tank groups 106, 20
6,306,406 are connected in series. In addition, with the tank group 102
202, between tank groups 204 and 304, between tank groups 302 and 402,
Using a forming plate having no opening in one of the grooves (in this embodiment, forming plates 20B ', 20B having no openings 26A, 27A, 26A in the second, third, and fourth heat exchange element groups 200, 300, 400). ″, 20B ′).

Thus, in this heat exchanger 1, one of the first and third heat exchange element groups 100 and 300 has one tank (for example, tank 26).
And a tank 28 independent of the first heat exchange element group 100 and a tank group 302 of the third heat exchange element group 300 are arranged in series. The structure is such that they communicate with each other via independent tank groups 106, 206, 306, and 406. Thus, the refrigerant flowing from the inlet pipe 8 into the tank group 102 of the first heat exchange element group 100 moves to the tank group 104 via the U-shaped passage 29 and the independent tank groups 106, 206, 306, 406 in series. Through the tank group 302 of the third heat exchange element group 300.

As shown in FIG. 15, the heat exchanger 1 configured as described above is configured so that the refrigerant flowing from the inlet pipe 8 to the tank group 102 of the first heat exchange element group 100 Group 1
Except for a part bypassed at 06,206,306,406, it moves to the tank group 104 via the U-shaped passage 29, moves horizontally from the tank group 104 to the tank group 204 of the second heat exchange element group 200, and moves from the tank group 204 It moves to the tank group 202 via the U-shaped passage 29, and passes through the preceding four-pass refrigerant passages so far.

Then, the tank group 302 of the third heat exchange element group 300
The refrigerant that has not exchanged heat is bypass-supplied to the tank group 302 via independent tank groups 106, 206, 306, and 406 in series with the tank group 302.

The refrigerant that has joined in the tank group 302 moves to the tank group 304 via the U-shaped passage 29, and from there, moves horizontally to the tank group 404 of the fourth heat exchange element group 400, and the tank group 404
A total of eight refrigerant passages are discharged from the outlet pipe 10 through four subsequent refrigerant passages which move to the tank group 402 through the U-shaped passage 29 from the outlet.
Therefore, in the heat exchanger 1, the amount of refrigerant in the four-pass refrigerant passages in the first stage is reduced, and the refrigerant that has not exchanged heat is bypass-supplied, so that heat is exchanged in the four-pass refrigerant passages in the second stage. It has become.

(Effect of the Invention) As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention,
A heat exchanger having a multi-pass refrigerant passage is configured by connecting two refrigerant passages (outward and return) of each heat exchange element group in series, and the heat exchanger is connected to the heat exchanger by inlet means having a refrigerant distribution chamber. Since the inflow refrigerant is divided into a refrigerant that passes through all the refrigerant passages in series and a refrigerant that partially bypasses the refrigerant passage in the subsequent stage, the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant passage in which the refrigerant is bypassed is reduced. The amount of bypass is reduced, and thus the passage resistance is reduced. further,
Thereby, the superheated area in the heat exchanger is reduced, the evaporation temperature width is reduced, and the imbalance in the temperature distribution of the heat-exchanged air can be reduced.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the same effect as the first aspect of the invention can be obtained by using a heat exchange element for an inlet instead of the above-mentioned inlet means. .

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the same effect as described above can be obtained by bypassing the refrigerant using the inlet pipe having the refrigerant bypass hole and the refrigerant supply hole.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the same effect as described above can be obtained by appropriately connecting the adjacent non-communicated tank groups to form a refrigerant passage in series and bypassing the refrigerant. Obtainable.

According to the invention as set forth in claim 5, a pair of tanks of any one of the heat exchange elements is communicated within an arbitrary heat exchange element group, and a refrigerant bypass passage is formed within the heat exchange element group. Thus, the same effect as described above can be obtained.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, the same effect as described above can be obtained by providing the passage for bypassing the refrigerant by the group of independent tanks in series.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to claim 1 of the present invention,
2 is a sectional view of the same, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the heat exchange element, FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the flow of refrigerant in the heat exchanger according to claim 1 of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger according to claim 2 of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the flow of refrigerant in the heat exchanger, and FIG. 7 is claim 3 of the present invention.
, FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the flow of refrigerant in the heat exchanger, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger according to claim 4 of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the flow of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger, FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger according to claim 5 of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 13 is a sectional view of a heat exchanger according to claim 6 of the present invention, FIG. 14 is an exploded perspective view of a heat exchange element of the heat exchanger, and FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows a flow. 1 ... heat exchanger, 2 ... heat exchange element, 2 '... heat exchange element for inlet, 3 ... heat exchange element, 4
... fin, 8 ... inlet pipe, 10 ... outlet pipe, 10
0,200,300,400... First, second, third, and fourth heat exchange element groups, 106,206,306,406.

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A heat exchange element having a pair of tanks and a U-shaped passage connecting them, and fins are alternately stacked, and the heat exchange element is provided so that the tanks of the heat exchange elements adjacent to each other in the stacking direction are appropriately communicated. By providing a plurality of replacement element groups,
A refrigerant passage having a forward path and a return path is formed between a pair of tank groups of each heat exchange element group, and a first heat exchange element group on one end side and a second heat exchange element group adjacent thereto are formed. An inlet means having a refrigerant distribution chamber is interposed therebetween, and the refrigerant distribution chamber of the inlet means is first,
The second heat exchange element group communicates with one of the tank groups, the first and second heat exchange element groups communicate with the other tank groups, and the other end side from the second heat exchange element group. Each of the heat exchange element groups communicates with one of a pair of adjacent tank groups to form respective refrigerant passages in series, and outlet means is provided at an end of the series of refrigerant passages on the side opposite to the entrance means. And heat exchanger. 2. A heat exchange element having an inlet is disposed between a pair of tanks and a U-shaped passage communicating therewith. A plurality of heat exchange element groups,
A refrigerant passage having a forward path and a return path is formed between a pair of tank groups of each heat exchange element group, and the first heat exchange element group on one end side is provided with the heat exchange element for the inlet. The pair of tank groups of the one heat exchange element group are respectively communicated with the pair of tank groups that are in contact with the adjacent second heat exchange element group via the heat exchange element for the entrance, and One of a pair of adjacent tank groups of each heat exchange element group on the other end side is communicated from the heat exchange element group to form each refrigerant passage in series, and the heat exchange element side for the opposite entrance of the series refrigerant passage Characterized in that an outlet means is provided at an end of the heat exchanger. 3. A heat exchange element comprising a pair of tanks and a heat exchange element having a U-shaped passage connecting them, and fins alternately stacked, and a heat exchange element which appropriately communicates tanks of adjacent heat exchange elements in the stacking direction. By providing a plurality of replacement element groups,
A refrigerant passage having a forward path and a return path is formed between a pair of tank groups of each heat exchange element group, and each refrigerant passage is formed in series by communicating one of a pair of adjacent tank groups of each heat exchange element group. A first heat pipe having an inlet pipe having a refrigerant bypass hole and a refrigerant supply hole at one end of the serial refrigerant passage, an outlet means at the other end, and a tank group connected to the refrigerant supply hole. A heat exchanger, wherein a refrigerant bypass hole of the inlet pipe communicates with the other tank group of the exchange element group. 4. A heat exchange element comprising a pair of tanks and a heat exchange element having a U-shaped passage connecting them, and fins alternately stacked, and a heat exchange element which appropriately communicates tanks of adjacent heat exchange elements in the stacking direction. By providing a plurality of replacement element groups,
A refrigerant passage having a forward path and a return path is formed between a pair of tank groups of each heat exchange element group, and each refrigerant passage is formed in series by communicating one of a pair of adjacent tank groups of each heat exchange element group. An inlet means is provided at one end of the series refrigerant passage, and an outlet means is provided at the other end,
A heat exchanger characterized by appropriately communicating between adjacent unconnected tank groups between any heat exchange element groups. 5. A heat exchange element having a pair of tanks and heat exchange elements having a U-shaped passage connecting them, and fins are alternately laminated, and the heat exchange elements which are appropriately connected to the tanks of adjacent heat exchange elements in the laminating direction. By providing a plurality of replacement element groups,
A refrigerant passage having a forward path and a return path is formed between a pair of tank groups of each heat exchange element group, and each refrigerant passage is formed in series by communicating one of a pair of adjacent tank groups of each heat exchange element group. An inlet means is provided at one end of the series refrigerant passage, and an outlet means is provided at the other end,
A heat exchanger, wherein a pair of tanks of any one of the heat exchange elements is appropriately communicated within an arbitrary heat exchange element group. 6. A fin and a heat exchange element having a pair of tanks and a U-shaped passage communicating therewith and an independent tank are alternately stacked, and the tanks of each heat exchange element adjacent in the stacking direction are stacked. A plurality of heat exchange element groups that are appropriately communicated are provided in a plurality of stages, and a refrigerant passage having an outward path and a return path and an independent tank group are configured between a pair of tank groups of each heat exchange element group. Each refrigerant passage is formed in series by communicating one of a pair of adjacent tank groups, and an inlet means is provided at one end of the series refrigerant passage, and an outlet means is provided at the other end,
A heat exchanger, wherein the independent tank groups are connected in series, and one of at least two or more arbitrary heat exchange element groups is connected to the independent tank groups in series. .