JP2646389B2 - Polymer liquid crystal alignment method - Google Patents
Polymer liquid crystal alignment methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP2646389B2 JP2646389B2 JP1038345A JP3834589A JP2646389B2 JP 2646389 B2 JP2646389 B2 JP 2646389B2 JP 1038345 A JP1038345 A JP 1038345A JP 3834589 A JP3834589 A JP 3834589A JP 2646389 B2 JP2646389 B2 JP 2646389B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- polymer
- polymer liquid
- film
- substrate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明は高分子材料、特に高分子液晶の配向方法に関
するものである。The present invention relates to a method for aligning a polymer material, particularly a polymer liquid crystal.
［従来の技術］ 従来、高分子液晶の薄膜の配向方法としては、例えば
高分子液晶を溶融状態にして、基板上に加圧板で押し広
げて配向する方法、あるいは基板上に、高分子液晶を溶
融状態にして加圧ローラを押しつけて配向する方法等が
検討されている。[Prior art] Conventionally, as a method for aligning a thin film of a polymer liquid crystal, for example, a method in which a polymer liquid crystal is melted and spread by a pressure plate on a substrate to be oriented, or a method in which a polymer liquid crystal is A method of aligning by pressing a pressure roller in a molten state is being studied.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］ しかしながら、上述の従来の方法では、高分子液晶の
配向手段として、加圧板あるいは加圧ローラ等を必要と
するために、特別な装置を用いるので設備費用がかかる
欠点があった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above-mentioned conventional method, since a pressing plate or a pressing roller or the like is required as a means for aligning the polymer liquid crystal, a special device is used, so that equipment cost is high. There were drawbacks.
本発明は、この様な従来技術の欠点を改善するために
なされたものであり、加圧板あるいは加圧ロール等の特
別な配向装置を用いることなく、安定した高分子液晶の
配向を行なうことができる方法を提供することを目的と
するものである。The present invention has been made to improve such disadvantages of the prior art, and can stably perform alignment of a polymer liquid crystal without using a special alignment device such as a pressing plate or a pressing roll. It is intended to provide a possible method.
［課題を解決するための手段］ すなわち、本発明は、基板上に形成した高分子液晶の
薄膜上へ高分子フィルム形成能を有する液を塗布して該
基板とは線膨張係数が異なる高分子フィルムを形成した
後、加熱、冷却することにより該基板と該高分子フィル
ムとの間にせん断応力を発生せしめ、前記高分子液晶の
薄膜を配向させることを特徴とする高分子液晶の配向方
法である。[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, according to the present invention, a liquid having a polymer film forming ability is applied to a thin film of a polymer liquid crystal formed on a substrate, and a polymer having a different linear expansion coefficient from the substrate is obtained. After forming a film, a shearing stress is generated between the substrate and the polymer film by heating and cooling, and a polymer liquid crystal alignment method characterized by aligning a thin film of the polymer liquid crystal. is there.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
本発明は、基板上へ形成された高分子液晶の薄膜の配
向方法において、基板上の高分子液晶の薄膜上へ高分子
フィルム形成能を有する液を塗布した後、高分子液晶の
薄膜上への高分子フィルムを形成し、次いで高分子液晶
のガラス転移温度以上、もしくは等方相転移温度以上に
加熱し、その後冷却することにより、基板と高分子フィ
ルムとの線膨張係数の差により、高分子液晶の薄膜にせ
ん断応力を加え、高分子液晶を配向させるものである。The present invention relates to a method for aligning a thin film of a polymer liquid crystal formed on a substrate, wherein a liquid having a polymer film forming ability is applied onto the thin film of a polymer liquid crystal on a substrate, and then the thin film of a polymer liquid crystal is coated. By heating the polymer film above the glass transition temperature of the polymer liquid crystal or above the isotropic phase transition temperature and then cooling it, the difference in the coefficient of linear expansion between the substrate and the polymer film increases A shear stress is applied to a thin film of molecular liquid crystal to orient the liquid crystal polymer.
本発明において用いられる基板としては、例えば、ポ
リエステル、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリエチレンテレ
フタレート等の耐熱性高分子フィルムが挙げられる。Examples of the substrate used in the present invention include heat-resistant polymer films such as polyester, polyethersulfone, and polyethylene terephthalate.
上記の基板上に高分子液晶の薄膜を形成するには、高
分子液晶を溶剤に溶解し、バーコーター、スピンキヤス
ト等で塗布し、乾燥することにより行うことができる。
高分子液晶としては、通常の高分子液晶を用いることが
でき、例えば液晶基を側鎖に有する側鎖型高分子液晶、
または液晶基を主鎖に有する主鎖型高分子液晶等が挙げ
られる。In order to form a thin film of a polymer liquid crystal on the above substrate, the polymer liquid crystal can be dissolved in a solvent, applied by a bar coater, a spin cast or the like, and dried.
As the polymer liquid crystal, a normal polymer liquid crystal can be used, for example, a side-chain polymer liquid crystal having a liquid crystal group in a side chain,
Alternatively, a main chain type polymer liquid crystal having a liquid crystal group in a main chain may be used.
次に、基板上の高分子液晶の薄膜上へ高分子フィルム
形成能を有する液を塗布した後、高分子液晶の薄膜上へ
の高分子フィルムを形成する。高分子液晶の薄膜上へ形
成する高分子フィルムとしては、多官能ウレタンアクリ
ル樹脂等を用いることができる。この樹脂の溶液を高分
子液晶の薄膜上にバーコーター、スピンキヤスト等によ
り塗布し、その後、紫外線等により硬化させ、高分子液
晶の薄膜上へ高分子フィルムを形成する。Next, after a liquid having a polymer film forming ability is applied onto the thin film of the polymer liquid crystal on the substrate, a polymer film is formed on the thin film of the polymer liquid crystal. As a polymer film formed on a thin film of a polymer liquid crystal, a polyfunctional urethane acrylic resin or the like can be used. This resin solution is applied to a thin film of a polymer liquid crystal by a bar coater, a spin cast, or the like, and then cured by ultraviolet light or the like to form a polymer film on the thin film of a polymer liquid crystal.
また、上記の方法以外に、高分子フィルム形成能を有
する高分子を溶剤に溶解し、この溶液を高分子液晶の薄
膜上にバーコーター、スピンキヤスト等で塗布し、溶剤
を乾燥して除去し、高分子フィルムを形成することがで
きる。このようなフィルム形成能を有する高分子として
は、ガラス転移温度が20℃以上である透明なポリスチレ
ン，ポリメチルメタクリレート，ポリカーボネート等が
あげられる。これらの高分子を溶解する溶剤としては、
例えばベンゼン、トルエン等の芳香族の溶剤等があげら
れる。In addition, in addition to the above method, a polymer having a polymer film forming ability is dissolved in a solvent, and this solution is applied on a thin film of a polymer liquid crystal with a bar coater, a spin cast, or the like, and the solvent is removed by drying. And a polymer film can be formed. Examples of the polymer having such a film forming ability include transparent polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, and polycarbonate having a glass transition temperature of 20 ° C. or higher. As a solvent for dissolving these polymers,
For example, aromatic solvents such as benzene and toluene are exemplified.
次いで、形成した高分子液晶の薄膜上の高分子フィル
ムに所定の位置にナイフ等を用いて直線状の傷を付け
る。この傷の深さは、高分子フィルムを貫通してもよい
し、または貫通しなくとも良い。また、場合によって
は、直線状の傷でなく曲線状の傷でもよい。高分子フィ
ルムの破断面が不規則な形状をしても構わない場合に
は、特に傷を設ける必要はない。傷を付ける位置は、基
板と高分子フィルムの線膨張係数の差によって適宜に決
定することができる。例えば、100℃の温度変化を利用
して、帯状のフィルムの長さ方向に5cmの幅の領域につ
いて配向処理を行ないたい場合、基板高分子フィルムの
線膨張係数の差は１×10-5cm/cm/℃、好ましくは、５×
10-5cm/cm/℃以上あることが望ましい。通常は、基板に
比べ、高分子フィルムの線膨張係数を大きくとるが、逆
に基板の線膨張係数を大きくとっても同様の効果は得ら
れる。Next, a linear scratch is made on the polymer film on the formed polymer liquid crystal thin film at a predetermined position using a knife or the like. The depth of the scratch may or may not penetrate the polymer film. Further, depending on the case, a curved scratch may be used instead of a straight scratch. In the case where the fracture surface of the polymer film may have an irregular shape, it is not particularly necessary to form a flaw. The position to be scratched can be appropriately determined based on the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the substrate and the polymer film. For example, when a temperature change of 100 ° C. is used to perform an orientation treatment on a region having a width of 5 cm in the length direction of the belt-like film, the difference in linear expansion coefficient of the substrate polymer film is 1 × 10 −5 cm. / cm / ° C, preferably 5 ×
It is desirable that the temperature be 10 −5 cm / cm / ° C. or more. Normally, the coefficient of linear expansion of the polymer film is set to be larger than that of the substrate, but the same effect can be obtained by increasing the coefficient of linear expansion of the substrate.
次に、上記の線膨張係数が互いに異なる基板と高分子
フィルムの間に高分子液晶の薄膜を介在した積層体を、
加熱，冷却することにより基板と高分子フィルム間にせ
ん断応力を発生せしめ、高分子液晶の薄膜にせん断応力
を加えて高分子液晶を配向させる。この際、高分子液晶
のガラス転移温度以上に加熱して，冷却することにより
高分子液晶の薄膜を配向させることが望ましい。Next, a laminate in which a thin film of a polymer liquid crystal is interposed between a substrate and a polymer film having different linear expansion coefficients from each other,
By heating and cooling, a shear stress is generated between the substrate and the polymer film, and a shear stress is applied to the thin film of the polymer liquid crystal to orient the polymer liquid crystal. At this time, it is desirable that the thin film of the polymer liquid crystal be oriented by heating to a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of the polymer liquid crystal and then cooling.
［作用］ 本発明の高分子液晶の配向方法は、基板上に形成した
高分子液晶の薄膜上へ、高分子フィルム形成能を有する
液を塗布した後、紫外線照射或いは溶剤の除去等の方法
により高分子フィルムを形成した後、高分子液晶のガラ
ス転移温度以上、もしくは等方相転移温度以上に加熱
し、その後冷却することにより、基板と高分子フィルム
との線膨張係数の差により、基板と高分子フィルム間に
せん断応力を発生せしめ、高分子液晶相にせん断応力を
加えることにより高分子液晶を配向させることができ
る。[Function] The method for aligning a polymer liquid crystal of the present invention is to apply a liquid having a polymer film forming ability onto a thin film of a polymer liquid crystal formed on a substrate, and then apply a method such as ultraviolet irradiation or solvent removal. After the polymer film is formed, it is heated above the glass transition temperature of the polymer liquid crystal, or above the isotropic phase transition temperature, and then cooled. By generating a shear stress between the polymer films and applying a shear stress to the polymer liquid crystal phase, the polymer liquid crystal can be oriented.
［実施例］ 以下、実施例を示し本発明をさらに具体的に説明す
る。[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.
実施例１ 第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す模式的断面図、第２
図はその模式的平面図である。同第１図に示すように、
厚さ50μｍ、幅5cm、長さ15cm、線膨張係数1.5×10-5cm
/cm/℃ののポリエチレンテレフタレート基板３上に、ガ
ラス転移温度72℃、ネマチック−アイソトロピック転移
温度110℃の下記の式（Ｉ）で示す側鎖型高分子液晶を2
0重量％溶解したジクロロエタン溶液をワイヤーバーを
用いて塗布した後、乾燥して厚さ10μｍの高分子液晶の
薄膜２を形成した。Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a schematic plan view. As shown in FIG.
Thickness 50μm, width 5cm, length 15cm, coefficient of linear expansion 1.5 × 10 -5 cm
On a polyethylene terephthalate substrate 3 having a glass transition temperature of 72 ° C. and a nematic-isotropic transition temperature of 110 ° C., a side-chain type polymer liquid crystal represented by the following formula (I)
A 0 wt% dissolved dichloroethane solution was applied using a wire bar and then dried to form a 10 μm thick polymer liquid crystal thin film 2.
この上に紫外線硬化型多官能ウレタンアクリル樹脂
（大八化学工業製、商品名DH733、線膨張係数1.0×10-4
cm/cm/℃）をワイヤーバーを用いて塗布後、乾燥して紫
外線を照射して硬化させ、厚さ３μｍの高分子フィルム
１を形成した。 A UV-curable polyfunctional urethane acrylic resin (manufactured by Daihachi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name DH733, coefficient of linear expansion: 1.0 × 10 -4
(cm / cm / ° C.) using a wire bar, dried and cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays to form a polymer film 1 having a thickness of 3 μm.
次いで、第２図に示す様に、ウレタンアクリル樹脂フ
ィルムの高分子フィルム１の短軸から5cmずつ離れた位
置に、ナイフの刃先で直線状に傷４を入れた。このフィ
ルムを130℃に加熱した後、室温まで冷却した。得られ
たフィルムは前面透明であり、光学的異方性を有し、高
分子液晶相は配向していた。又、傷を付けた位置で、高
分子液晶フィルムは切断され0.6mm離されていた。配向
及び異方性の確認は偏光顕微鏡を用いて行った。Next, as shown in FIG. 2, a wound 4 was made linearly with a knife edge at a position 5 cm away from the short axis of the polymer film 1 made of a urethane acrylic resin film. After heating the film to 130 ° C., it was cooled to room temperature. The resulting film was transparent on the front, had optical anisotropy, and the polymer liquid crystal phase was oriented. Also, at the position where the scratch was made, the polymer liquid crystal film was cut and separated by 0.6 mm. Confirmation of orientation and anisotropy was performed using a polarizing microscope.
この0.6mm幅のすきまに存在する高分子液晶は光学的
異方性を有しているが、配向はしていず、白く散乱して
いた。再度、このフィルムを130℃に加熱し、室温まで
冷却しても配向は保持されたままであった。The polymer liquid crystal present in the 0.6 mm wide gap had optical anisotropy, but was not aligned and was scattered white. The film was again heated to 130 ° C. and cooled to room temperature, and the orientation was maintained.
実施例２ 高分子フィルムに直線状のキズをつけないこと以外は
実施例１と同様に基板、高分子液晶の薄膜、高分子フィ
ルムからなる積層フィルムを作成した。Example 2 A laminated film composed of a substrate, a thin film of a polymer liquid crystal, and a polymer film was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a linear scratch was not formed on the polymer film.
得られた積層フィルム上の高分子フィルムには不規則
なひび割れを生じていたが、実施例１と同様に、高分子
フィルムの下の高分子液晶相は配向して透明であり、ひ
びの間の高分子液晶相は配向していず、白く散乱してい
た。配向及び異方性の確認は偏光顕微鏡を用いて行っ
た。Irregular cracks occurred in the polymer film on the obtained laminated film, but as in Example 1, the polymer liquid crystal phase under the polymer film was oriented and transparent, and The polymer liquid crystal phase was not oriented and was scattered white. Confirmation of orientation and anisotropy was performed using a polarizing microscope.
比較例１ 高分子フィルムを高分子液晶の薄膜上に設けないこと
以外は実施例１と同様に積層フィルムを作成した。Comparative Example 1 A laminated film was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymer film was not provided on the thin film of the polymer liquid crystal.
得られたフィルムの高分子液晶相は配向していない
で、全面白く散乱していた。The polymer liquid crystal phase of the obtained film was not oriented and was scattered white as a whole.
［発明の効果］ 以上説明したように、本発明によれば、基板と高分子
フィルムとの線膨張係数の違いを利用し、加熱、冷却し
て、基板と高分子フィルム間にせん断応力を発生せし
め、高分子液晶の薄膜にせん断応力を加えることによ
り、安定した高分子液晶の配向を行なうことができる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, a shear stress is generated between a substrate and a polymer film by heating and cooling by utilizing the difference in linear expansion coefficient between the substrate and the polymer film. At least, by applying a shear stress to the thin film of the polymer liquid crystal, stable alignment of the polymer liquid crystal can be performed.
また、従来にように、加圧板、あるいは加圧ロール等
の外部からの加圧による特別な装置を用いることなく、
高分子液晶の薄膜上の高分子フィルムを直接配向処理材
として用いるので、コンパクトに高分子液晶の配向を行
なうことができる。In addition, as in the past, without using a special device by external pressure such as a pressure plate or a pressure roll,
Since the polymer film on the thin film of the polymer liquid crystal is directly used as the alignment material, the polymer liquid crystal can be compactly aligned.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す模式的断面図および第
２図はその模式的平面図である。 １……高分子フィルム、２……高分子液晶の薄膜 ３……基板、４……傷FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view thereof. 1 ... polymer film, 2 ... thin film of polymer liquid crystal 3 ... substrate, 4 ... scratch
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 大西 敏一 東京都大田区下丸子３丁目30番２号 キ ヤノン株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭62−278529（ＪＰ，Ａ) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shunichi Onishi 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Inside Canon Inc. (56) References JP-A-62-278529 (JP, A)
Claims (4)
分子フィルム形成能を有する液を塗布して該基板とは線
膨張係数が異なる高分子フィルムを形成した後、加熱、
冷却することにより該基板と該高分子フィルムとの間に
せん断応力を発生せしめ、前記高分子液晶の薄膜を配向
させることを特徴とする高分子液晶の配向方法。A liquid having a polymer film forming ability is coated on a thin film of a polymer liquid crystal formed on a substrate to form a polymer film having a linear expansion coefficient different from that of the substrate.
A method of aligning a polymer liquid crystal, characterized by generating a shear stress between the substrate and the polymer film by cooling to orient the thin film of the polymer liquid crystal.
熱して、冷却することにより該高分子液晶の薄膜を配向
させる請求項１記載の高分子液晶の配向方法。2. The method for aligning a polymer liquid crystal according to claim 1, wherein the polymer liquid crystal is thinned by heating to a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of the polymer liquid crystal.
板の線膨張係数より大きい請求項１または２に記載の高
分子液晶の配向方法。3. The method according to claim 1, wherein a linear expansion coefficient of the polymer film is larger than a linear expansion coefficient of the substrate.
外線硬化型樹脂溶液である請求項１乃至３のいずれかに
記載の高分子液晶の配向方法。4. The method for aligning a polymer liquid crystal according to claim 1, wherein the liquid having a polymer film forming ability is a UV-curable resin solution.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1038345A JP2646389B2 (en) | 1989-02-20 | 1989-02-20 | Polymer liquid crystal alignment method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1038345A JP2646389B2 (en) | 1989-02-20 | 1989-02-20 | Polymer liquid crystal alignment method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02217824A JPH02217824A (en) | 1990-08-30 |
| JP2646389B2 true JP2646389B2 (en) | 1997-08-27 |
Family
ID=12522697
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1038345A Expired - Fee Related JP2646389B2 (en) | 1989-02-20 | 1989-02-20 | Polymer liquid crystal alignment method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2646389B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0769545B2 (en) * | 1990-08-14 | 1995-07-31 | 株式会社ジーティシー | Liquid crystal display element manufacturing method |
| JPH0769491B2 (en) * | 1990-08-14 | 1995-07-31 | 株式会社ジーティシー | Method of manufacturing retardation plate |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62278529A (en) * | 1986-05-26 | 1987-12-03 | Nec Corp | Display device |
-
1989
- 1989-02-20 JP JP1038345A patent/JP2646389B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH02217824A (en) | 1990-08-30 |
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