JP2641577B2 - Waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refuse treatment apparatus for incinerating and reducing refuse.

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been increasing interest in treating waste generated in kitchens, and waste processing apparatuses for incinerating and reducing the amount of waste have been developed.

Conventionally, this type of refuse treatment apparatus has an exhaust port 103 in which a heat insulating material 103 is attached to the inner surface of a combustion furnace 102 having an openable / closable lid 101 at an upper portion as shown in FIG. A purifier 105 is connected downstream of the exhaust port. Further, inside the purifier 105, a temperature detecting means 115 for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas is incorporated. The combustion furnace 102
The heater 10 is located on the inner bottom so that the tip protrudes inside.
6 is fixed, and the terminal portion of the heater 106 protrudes outside the combustion furnace 102. A metal processing vessel 107 is placed on the heater 106 inside the combustion furnace 102. A cylindrical portion enclosing the heater 106 is formed at the bottom of the processing container 107, and an opening is provided on the wall surface of the cylindrical portion. An air supply port 108 through which air flows into the processing container 107 is provided on the bottom surface of the combustion furnace 102, and a supply port communicating with the air supply port 108 through a connection pipe 112 having a flow rate control valve 111 is provided. The air supply device 109 is provided. In addition, the air supply device 109
The upstream side of the purifier 105 was connected to the upstream side of the purifier 105 via a purification air supply pipe 113, and these were accommodated in the outer case 114.

Then, when the lid 101 is opened, the refuse 110 is input, the lid 101 is closed, and the heater 106 is energized, the refuse 110 is heated and incinerated by the heat energy of the heater 106, and the generated exhaust gas is purified and discharged by the purifier 105. Was. Further, the air required for incineration was blown into the combustion furnace 102 from the air supply device 109 via the connection pipe 112, and the air required for purification was blown into the purifier 105 via the purification air supply pipe 113. The operation of the apparatus is controlled by a preset time of a program timer determined in advance according to the amount of waste.
5 and the air supply device 109 to operate the purifier 105 in a sufficiently functional state, and then activate the heater 106 to stop the heater 106 and the purifier 105 after a set time to terminate the incineration process. When the apparatus is driven, the air flow is increased and the apparatus is blown and cooled, and when the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means 115 falls to a predetermined temperature, the air supply apparatus 109 is stopped.

The problem to be solved by the invention In such a conventional configuration, in the case of general waste 110, it can be incinerated within a certain period of time, but for example, waste having a large amount of energy itself such as garbage such as briquettes. However, there is a problem that it takes a lot of time to incinerate and makes the user feel dangerous or uneasy.

After the incineration is completed, for example, when the cooling is not sufficiently performed due to a failure of the air supply device 109, the user may operate the lid 101 of the combustion furnace 102.
There was a problem that there was a risk of burns when opening the door.

Also, after the incineration is completed, when moving to the cooling process, the flow control valve
If the amount of cooling air cannot be secured due to the failure of 111, outside air is introduced into the purifier 105 in the conventional configuration, and the temperature of the temperature detecting means 115 decreases despite the hotness of the combustion furnace 102,
When it is determined that cooling has been completed, the user
When the 01 is opened, there is a problem that the failure of the control valve 111 cannot be determined despite the risk of burns.

Also, if there is unburned residue after the end of incineration, the process moves to the cooling process, when the flow rate control valve 111 is driven and the air volume increases, the unburned dust 110 burns rapidly, and the temperature inside the purifier 105 becomes extremely high. There is a problem that the durability is impaired due to the increase.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a safe refuse treatment apparatus that stops operation after a lapse of a predetermined time from the start of operation when incineration takes a long time.

A second object of the present invention is to propose a safe garbage disposal apparatus in which a user does not get burned even when cooling is insufficient due to a failure of an air supply device.

A third object is to provide a refuse treatment apparatus capable of determining the failure of a flow control valve and ensuring safety when the flow control valve for cooling air blows fails.

A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a refuse treatment apparatus for safely treating unburned residue even if unburned residue is generated by incineration.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, a first means of the present invention is a combustion furnace having an openable and closable lid and an exhaust port, a position detecting means for detecting opening and closing of the lid, A purifier provided in communication with the mouth, a temperature detecting means incorporated inside the purifier, an outer case covering the combustion furnace and the purifier, and an inner case provided inside the outer case for holding the lid closed. Lock unit, incineration determining means for determining that incineration is being performed based on the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means, time measuring means for measuring an elapsed time from the start of processing, and a signal from the incineration determining means. By the signal from the time measuring means,
After the start of the treatment, a control means for stopping the incineration when the incineration is in progress even after reaching a predetermined time and stopping the operation after cooling is provided.

A second means for achieving the second object is a combustion furnace having an openable and closable lid and an exhaust port, a position detecting means for detecting opening and closing of the lid, and a purifier provided in communication with the exhaust port. A temperature detecting means incorporated inside the purifier, an outer case covering the combustion furnace and the purifier, and a lock unit provided inside the outer case for holding the lid closed.
The cooling determination unit that determines that cooling is being performed based on the temperature detected by the temperature detection unit, a time measurement unit that measures an elapsed time from the start of cooling, a signal from the cooling determination unit, and the time measurement unit. After the start of cooling,
A control means for stopping the operation during cooling even when the predetermined time has been reached and keeping the lid closed is provided.

A third means for achieving the third object is a combustion furnace having a lid which can be opened and closed and an exhaust port, a position detecting means for detecting the opening and closing of the lid, and a purifier provided in communication with the exhaust port. A temperature detecting means incorporated inside the purifier, an outer case covering the combustion furnace and the purifier, and a lock unit provided inside the outer case for holding the lid closed.
An air supply device provided in communication with the combustion furnace through a connection pipe provided with a flow control valve, and a valve driving means for driving the flow control valve after a predetermined time elapses after a lapse of a predetermined time after completion of incineration of refuse. A valve abnormality judging unit for judging an abnormality of the flow rate control valve when the temperature detected by the temperature detecting unit does not temporarily change after the operation of the valve driving unit; and operating by a signal from the valve abnormality judging unit. , And control means for holding the lid closed.

A fourth means for achieving the fourth object is a combustion furnace having a lid that can be opened and closed and an exhaust port, a purifier provided in communication with the exhaust port, and a purifier incorporated in the purifier. Temperature detection means, an air supply device provided in communication with the combustion furnace through a connection pipe provided with a flow control valve, and after the incineration of refuse,
Valve driving means for driving the flow rate control valve after a predetermined time elapses in the cooling process, unburned residue determining means for determining the presence or absence of unburned residue based on the temperature reached by the temperature detecting means, and unburned residue. And a control means for repeating incineration of the refuse in response to a signal from the determination means.

Operation According to the configuration of the first means, the incineration is stopped when the incineration is in progress even after the elapse of a predetermined time from the start of the processing.

With the configuration of the second means, when cooling is in progress even after the elapse of a predetermined time from the start of cooling, the operation is stopped, the lid is locked from the inside, and the lid is kept closed.

According to the configuration of the third means, when the detected temperature of the temperature detecting means does not temporarily increase and change after a predetermined time after driving the flow control valve in the cooling step, it is determined that the flow control valve is faulty and the operation is performed. It stops, locks the lid from the inside, and keeps the lid closed.

According to the configuration of the fourth means, even if any unburned residue due to incineration occurs, this is detected and incineration is performed again to completely incinerate the refuse.

An embodiment according to the first means of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 1, a combustion furnace 1
Is a frame 1a formed of a material having high heat resistance such as metal or ceramic, and a furnace material 1b made of a material such as ceramic fiber having high heat resistance and heat insulating effect. At the inner bottom of the furnace 1, a furnace heater 3 for heating the refuse 2 penetrating the furnace material 1b and projecting into the furnace 1 is provided. In addition, an openable and closable lid 4 having one end held at a rotation fulcrum is provided at an upper portion of the combustion furnace 1 so that the refuse 2 can be introduced. On top of the furnace heater 3, a processing container 7 for the garbage 2, which wraps the furnace heater 3 at the bottom and forms a cylindrical portion 6 provided with an opening 5 on the wall surface, is arranged, and the lid 4 is opened and put therein. The refuse 2 is stored in the processing container 7. In addition, an air supply port 8 through which air is introduced into the processing vessel 7 is provided on the bottom surface of the combustion furnace 1, and an air supply device communicated with the air supply port 8 via a connection pipe having a flow rate control valve 17. The air required for incineration is sent by 9.

Further, a purifier 13 is provided, which communicates with an exhaust port 10 opened in a part of the side wall of the combustion furnace 1 and purifies exhaust gas by enhancing the action of a catalyst 12 by a purifying heater 11, and purifies exhaust gas generated by incineration. The gas is exhausted from the exhaust port 14 'of the exhaust pipe 14 to the outside. In the purifier 13, a catalyst 12 is provided.
A temperature detecting means 15 for detecting the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing into the catalyst 12 is incorporated between the heater 11 and the purification heater 11. Note that the temperature detecting means 15 may be any means capable of detecting the temperature, such as a thermocouple. The upstream side of the purifier 13 communicates with the air supply device 9 via a purification air supply pipe 16. The combustion furnace 1 and the purifier 13 are covered with an outer case 18. At the other end of the lid 4, there is provided a contact plate 19 which penetrates an opening provided in the outer case 18, and a position detecting means 20 which comes into contact with the contact plate 19 and detects opening and closing of the cover 4.
Is provided. Further, a lock unit 21 that penetrates a hole provided in the backing plate 19 and holds the lid 4 closed is provided inside the outer case 18.

The control device also includes a time measuring unit 24 for measuring an elapsed time from the start of the process, an incineration determination unit 25, and an incineration determination unit 25.
From the signal and the time measured by the time measuring means 24,
Control means to stop incineration when the incineration time exceeds a predetermined time
26.

Here, the principle of determining whether or not incineration is in progress will be described. FIG. 2 shows a temperature change of the temperature detecting means 15 in the process. The vertical axis is the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means 15, and the horizontal axis is the elapsed time. By starting the operation, the purifier 13 is preheated and the temperature rises. Then, after moving to the incineration process and keeping the temperature at the same level, at the end of incineration, a temperature peak due to catalytic combustion is exhibited, incineration is completed, and the process proceeds to the cooling process and the temperature is lowered to stop. Therefore, if the determination temperature is set to the temperature shown in FIG. 2A and a temperature peak due to catalytic combustion at the end of incineration is captured, it can be determined that incineration has been completed when the temperature reaches or exceeds the set temperature and falls below the set temperature again. Becomes

The operation of the refuse processing apparatus configured as described above will be described below. When the furnace heater 3 is energized after the lid 4 is opened and the refuse 2 is charged, the refuse 2 is heated by the heat energy of the furnace heater 3 and incinerated by the air supplied from the air supply device 9. The exhaust gas generated at this time passes through the exhaust port 10, is smokeless and odorless in the purifier 13, and is then exhausted from the exhaust pipe 14 to the outside. When the incineration is completed, the flow control valve 17 is driven to increase the air volume, and the apparatus is cooled by blowing air.

Next, the procedure for ensuring the safety of the refuse disposal apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

When the operation starts, the signal from the position detecting means 20 is checked, and if the cover 4 is open, the control means 26 takes measures to stop the operation. At this time, an external display indicating that the lid 4 is closed may be displayed. On the other hand, when the lid 4 is closed, time measurement is started by the time measuring means 24, the lock unit 21 is driven, and the lid 4 is closed.
Lock from inside so that it cannot be opened from outside.
Then, the purifier 13 is preheated and incineration of refuse is performed. Based on the signal from the incineration determination means 25 and the measurement time based on the above-described principle, incineration is continued if the time is within a predetermined time, and cooling is performed if the time is exceeded. To stop the operation and release the lock unit 21. Therefore, even in the case of garbage that takes a long time to incinerate, there is no possibility that the user will have unnecessary danger or anxiety. The garbage left unprocessed may be processed again.

Next, an embodiment according to the second means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The description will be made with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. The same parts as those of the first means are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In FIG. 4, 1 to 21 function in the same way as the first means, and as these control devices, a time measuring means 27 for measuring the elapsed time from the start of cooling, a cooling determination means 28, Signal from determination means 28 and time measurement means
Based on the time measured at 27, the control unit 29 stops the operation when the cooling time exceeds a predetermined time and keeps the lock unit 21 driven.

Here, the principle of determining whether or not cooling is in progress will be described. The determination method is the same as the method of determining whether or not processing is being performed in the first embodiment. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, it can be determined that cooling is being performed at a temperature equal to or higher than the cooling set temperature B, and cooling is completed when the temperature is lower than the predetermined temperature.

Next, the procedure for ensuring the safety of the refuse disposal apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

When the operation starts, the signal from the position detecting means 20 is checked, and if the cover 4 is open, the control means 26 takes measures to stop the operation. At this time, an external display indicating that the lid 4 is closed may be displayed. On the other hand, when the lid 4 is closed, the lock unit
21 is driven to lock the lid 4 from inside so that it cannot be opened from outside. Then, preheating of the purifier 13 and incineration of refuse are performed, and when the process proceeds to cooling, a time measurement is started, and a predetermined time is determined based on the signal from the cooling determination means 28 based on the principle described above and the time measured by the time measurement means 27. If it is within the range, the cooling is continued. If the cooling is completed within a predetermined time, the operation is stopped and the lock unit 21 is released. On the other hand, if the cooling is not completed even after the predetermined time, the operation is stopped and the lock unit 21 is kept driven, so that the lid 4 cannot be opened from the outside. Therefore, even if the cooling is abnormal, the user does not notice and touches a place where there is a risk of being hot, such as in the combustion furnace 1.

Next, an embodiment according to the third means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
Explanation will be given based on FIG. The same parts as those of the first means are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In FIG. 6, 1 to 21 function in the same manner as the first means, and as these control devices, a valve driving means 30 for driving the flow control valve 17 after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of cooling, A valve abnormality determining unit 31 that determines an abnormality of the flow control valve 17 when the detected temperature of the temperature detecting unit 15 does not temporarily change after the operation of the unit 30, and starts the operation based on a signal from the valve abnormality determining unit 31. The control means 32 for stopping and keeping the lid 4 closed is provided.

Here, the principle of determining whether or not the flow control valve 17 is abnormal will be described. FIG. 7 shows a temperature change of the temperature detecting means 15 during the cooling process. The vertical axis is the detected temperature of the temperature detecting means 15,
The horizontal axis is the elapsed time. When incineration is completed and cooling is started, the power supply to each heater is stopped and the temperature starts to decrease. At this time, when the flow control valve 17 is driven after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of cooling, the amount of air sent into the combustion furnace 1 increases, so that the hot air remaining in the furnace is immediately sent into the purifier 13,
A temporary rise in temperature as shown by A in the figure is observed, and thereafter, the cooling effect is increased due to an increase in the air flow, so that the temperature rapidly drops. On the other hand, when the flow control valve 17 is not driven, a temporary rise in temperature is not recognized as shown by B in FIG. Therefore, if the temperature does not rise temporarily after a predetermined time from the start of cooling, it is determined that the flow control valve 17 is abnormal.

Next, the procedure for ensuring the safety of the refuse disposal apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

When the operation is started, the signal from the position detecting means 20 is checked, and if the cover 4 is open, the control means 32 takes measures to stop the operation. At this time, an external display indicating that the lid 4 is closed may be displayed. On the other hand, when the lid 4 is closed, the lock unit
21 is driven to lock the lid 4 from inside so that it cannot be opened from outside. Then, the purifier 13 is preheated and incineration of refuse is performed, and when cooling is started, the flow control valve 17 is driven after a predetermined time, and the signal from the valve abnormality determination means 31 based on the above-mentioned principle is used to make the flow control valve 17 normal. In this case, the cooling is continued, and if the cooling is completed within a predetermined time, the operation is stopped and the lock unit 21 is released. On the other hand, when the flow control valve 17 is abnormal, the operation is stopped after cooling for a predetermined time and the lock unit 21 is stopped.
, The lid 4 cannot be opened from the outside. Therefore, even when the flow control valve 17 is out of order, the user does not notice and does not touch a hot place such as the inside of the combustion furnace 1.

Next, an embodiment according to the fourth means of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG. The same parts as those of the first means are denoted by the same reference numerals and their description is omitted. In FIG. 9, 1 to 21 function in the same way as the first means. These control means include a valve driving means 30 for driving the flow rate control valve 17 after a predetermined time has elapsed from the start of cooling, a temperature detecting means. Fifteen
And a control means 34 that repeats the incineration of the refuse in accordance with a signal from the unburned refuse determining means 33 for determining the presence or absence of unburned refuse based on the detected temperature reaching value. Things.

Here, the principle of determining the presence or absence of unburned portions will be described. Tenth
The figure shows the temperature change of the temperature detecting means 15 during the cooling process. The vertical axis is the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means 15, and the horizontal axis is the elapsed time. When incineration is completed and cooling is started, the power supply to each heater is stopped and the temperature starts to decrease. At this time, when the flow control valve 17 is driven after a lapse of a predetermined time from the start of cooling, the amount of air sent into the combustion furnace 1 increases. At this time, if the refuse remains in the furnace, the refuse is rapidly burned, and the hot air is sent to the purifier 13 at a stretch. Therefore, a rapid temperature rise as shown in FIG. In this case, the temperature reaches the temperature before the start of cooling or higher. On the other hand, when there is no unburned portion, the temperature temporarily rises as indicated by B as described in the fourth embodiment. Therefore, if a sharp rise in temperature is recognized after a predetermined time from the start of cooling, it is determined that there is unburned dust.

Next, the procedure for ensuring the safety of the refuse disposal apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

When the operation starts, the signal from the position detecting means 20 is checked, and if the cover 4 is open, the control means 34 takes measures to stop the operation. At this time, an external display indicating that the lid 4 is closed may be displayed. On the other hand, when the lid 4 is closed, the lock unit
21 is driven to lock the lid 4 from inside so that it cannot be opened from outside. Then, the purifier 13 is preheated and incineration of refuse is performed. After the cooling, the flow control valve 17 is driven after a predetermined time, and if there is no unburned portion, a signal from the unburned portion determining means 33 based on the above-described principle continues. The cooling is performed, and if the cooling is completed within a predetermined time, the operation is stopped and the lock unit 21 is released. On the other hand, when there is unburned material, the incineration process is repeated again. Therefore, even if unburned residue is generated by incineration, the unburned residue is safely processed.

Effects of the Invention As is apparent from the above description of the embodiment, according to the first means of the present invention, since the upper limit is set for the incineration time, a waste disposal apparatus that can be used with confidence can be provided.

Next, according to the second means, if cooling continues even after the lapse of a predetermined time, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred and the lid of the combustion furnace is not opened, so that a safe refuse treatment apparatus can be provided.

Next, according to the third means, when the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means does not temporarily change after the operation of the valve operating means, it is determined that the flow control valve has failed and the operation is stopped. Because the lid is not opened, a safe refuse disposal device can be provided.

Next, according to the fourth means, even if unburned residue due to incineration occurs, since it is configured to detect this and incinerate again to completely incinerate, a garbage disposal device for safely treating unburned residue can be provided. It can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a refuse treatment apparatus showing a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing a temperature change of a temperature detecting means in the purifier, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the refuse disposal apparatus showing the second embodiment, FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the procedure for ensuring safety, and FIG. 6 is a refuse disposal apparatus showing the third embodiment. FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram showing a temperature change of the temperature detecting means in the purifier, FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a procedure for ensuring the safety, and FIG. 9 is a garbage showing the fourth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a characteristic diagram showing a temperature change of a temperature detecting means in the purifier, FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a procedure for ensuring the safety, and FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a conventional waste treatment apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Combustion furnace, 4 ... Lid, 9 ... Intake device, 10 ... Exhaust port, 13 ... Purifier, 15 ... Temperature detection means, 17 ... Flow control valve, 18 ... Outer case, 20 …… Position detection means, 21 ……
Lock unit, 24 time measuring means, 25 incineration determination means, 26 control means, 27 time measuring means, 28
Determination means during cooling, 29 control means, 30 valve drive means,
31 ... valve abnormality determination means, 32 ... control means, 33 ... unburned determination means, 34 ... control means.

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A combustion furnace having an openable and closable lid and an exhaust port,
Position detecting means for detecting the opening and closing of the lid, a purifier provided in communication with the exhaust port, a temperature detecting means incorporated inside the purifier, and an outer case for covering the combustion furnace and the purifier. A lock unit provided inside the outer case for holding the lid closed, an incineration determination unit for determining that the incineration is being performed based on the temperature detected by the temperature detection unit, and measuring an elapsed time from the start of the process. Time measuring means;
Control means for stopping the incineration during incineration even after a predetermined time has elapsed after the start of processing, and stopping the operation after cooling, based on a signal from the incineration determination means and a signal from the time measurement means. Processing equipment. 2. A combustion furnace having an openable and closable lid and an exhaust port,
Position detecting means for detecting the opening and closing of the lid, a purifier provided in communication with the exhaust port, a temperature detecting means incorporated inside the purifier, and an outer case for covering the combustion furnace and the purifier. A lock unit provided inside the outer case for holding the lid closed, a cooling determination unit for determining that cooling is being performed based on a temperature detected by the temperature detection unit, and measuring an elapsed time from the start of cooling. Time measuring means;
After the start of cooling, a signal from the cooling-time determination unit and a signal from the time measurement unit, the control unit stops the operation during cooling even if a predetermined time has been reached, and holds the lid closed. Waste treatment equipment. 3. A combustion furnace having an openable and closable lid and an exhaust port,
Position detecting means for detecting the opening and closing of the lid, a purifier provided in communication with the exhaust port, a temperature detecting means incorporated inside the purifier, and an outer case for covering the combustion furnace and the purifier. A lock unit provided inside the outer case for holding the lid closed, an air supply device provided in communication with the combustion furnace via a connection pipe provided with a flow rate control valve, and after completion of incineration of refuse, A valve driving means for driving the flow control valve after a predetermined time elapses in the cooling process, and an abnormality of the flow control valve when the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means does not temporarily change after the operation of the valve driving means. And a control means for stopping the operation based on a signal from the valve abnormality determination means and holding the lid closed. 4. A combustion furnace having an openable and closable lid and an exhaust port,
A purifier provided in communication with the exhaust port, a temperature detecting means incorporated in the purifier, and an air supply device provided in communication with the combustion furnace via a connection pipe provided with a flow control valve. After the incineration of the refuse is completed, the process proceeds to a cooling process after a predetermined time has elapsed, and a valve drive means for driving the flow rate control valve; and a determination is made as to whether or not the refuse remains unburned based on the temperature reached by the temperature detection means. A refuse disposal apparatus comprising: remaining determination means; and control means for repeating incineration of the refuse in response to a signal from the remaining unburned determination means.