JP2638547B2 - Supply device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a supply device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a supply device that supplies a granular material such as a granulated material serving as a raw material of a ceramic plate onto a conveyor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Porous ceramic plates are being used as building materials because they are lightweight and have excellent fire resistance and heat insulation. Such a porous ceramic plate is mainly composed of two layers: a base layer having strength, and a decorative layer having designability and frost resistance, but in order to add a property that cannot be achieved with these two layers. In some cases, an intermediate layer is provided between the base layer and the decorative layer.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a manufacturing process of a ceramic plate having three layers.

In FIG. 3, 21, 22 and 23 are hoppers, 8 is a belt conveyor, and 9 is a firing furnace.

[0005] The hoppers 21, 22, and 23 supply granules such as granules on a belt conveyor. The hopper 21 is a base layer, the hopper 22 is an intermediate layer, and the hopper 2 is a hopper.
3 each form a decorative layer.

[0006] The belt conveyor 8 has a circulating property, and the firing furnace 9 fires the granules conveyed on the belt conveyor 8 at about 5 to 60 degrees.

[0007]

However, as shown in FIG. 4, the conventional hoppers 21, 22, 23
This is a simple configuration having an opening at the bottom. Since the weight of the granulated material directly affects the supply point, the pressure (charging pressure) at that point increases, and the layer 25 charged earlier is charged. Alternatively, 26 granules were supplied while being rolled up. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 5, the decorative layer 29 is formed so that the granulated material is mixed at the boundary of each layer and the granulated material forming the intermediate layer 28 and the base layer 27 is not exposed on the surface.
There is a problem that the supply thickness of the decorative layer 29 must be increased in order to secure the design property of the decorative layer 29.

[0008] However, the granulated material forming the decorative layer 29 is
Since a coloring agent and the like are added and expensive, it is necessary to reduce the supply thickness in order to reduce the cost. Further, by making the decorative layer thin, the cutting process is facilitated, and the heat shock property is also improved.

As shown in FIG. 4, the conventional hoppers 21, 22, and 23 do not have a mechanism for smoothing the upper surface of the layer after the supply, so that the upper surface is flat. In addition, it causes granules to coexist at the boundary of each layer and causes dents in the decorative layer.

In view of the above circumstances, the present invention has a small charge pressure when supplying granules such as granules onto a conveyor, and does not mix granules near a boundary. It is an object of the present invention to provide a supply device capable of suppressing a supply amount of granulated material to be reduced.

[0011]

According to the present invention, there is provided a supply apparatus having an opening at a lower portion, and supplying the granular material onto the conveyor from the opening. The present invention is characterized in that an inclined plate which is inclined in a direction opposite to the running direction and whose lower edge is the supply thickness of the granular material to be supplied is attached.

It is preferable that the inclination angle of the inclined plate with respect to the conveyor is 5 to 60 degrees.

Further, it is preferable that a supply amount adjusting mechanism for controlling the amount of the granular material flowing down the inclined plate is provided above the inclined plate.

[0014]

In the supply device of the present invention, the granular material flows down on the inclined plate and is supplied to the conveyor, so that the charge pressure is small, and the granular material is supplied while the upper surface is leveled by the lower edge of the inclined plate.

The supply amount can be controlled by providing a supply amount adjusting mechanism on the inclined plate.

[0016]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a supply device according to the present invention.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of the supply device of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is a supply device, 2 is a main body, 3 is an opening, and 4 is an inclined plate. Reference numeral 5 denotes a supply amount adjusting mechanism, and reference numeral 8 denotes a conveyor.

The feeder of the present invention is used, for example, in a process of manufacturing a ceramic plate, and is used to move a conveyor 8.
And on the upstream side of the firing furnace 9.

FIG. 1 shows three supply devices at position A, position B and position C in this order from the upstream side of the conveyor 8 and comprises three layers: a base layer a, an intermediate layer b and a decorative layer c. The case where a ceramic plate is manufactured is shown as an example.

The supply device 1 is disposed above a conveyor 8 and has a main body 2 charged with granules such as granules. An opening 3 is provided below the main body 2.

The shape of the opening 3 is rectangular, and the length of the side perpendicular to the running direction of the conveyor 8 (the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1) is determined by the width of a product such as a ceramic plate to be manufactured. The length of the side in the running direction is determined by the supply time.

The inclined plate 4 is a thin plate made of a metal such as iron, aluminum or stainless steel, a plastic plate or the like, and is formed integrally with one side surface of the opening 3.
The granules extend so as to flow out in a direction opposite to the traveling direction. The height of the lower edge 4a is determined by the supply thickness t of the granular material supplied by the supply device 1. Note that the inclined plate 4 may be formed separately from the supply device 1, and the upper portion may be attached to one side surface of the opening 3.

The inclination angle θ of the inclined plate 4 with respect to the conveyor 8 is preferably 5 to 60 degrees. If it is more than 60 degrees, it is mixed with other granular materials, and if it is less than 5 degrees, it is not possible to supply the granular materials smoothly. Most preferred is 25-35 degrees.

The granular material flowing down on the inclined plate 4 has a lower edge 4b.
The charging pressure at this time is extremely smaller than the charging pressure applied in the direction of the arrow in FIG. So, for example,
At the position C, the intermediate layer b supplied by the supply device at the position B
There is no possibility that the granular material on the upper surface of the surface is caught, and the boundary becomes clear. Thus, from the viewpoint of securing design, the decorative layer and the like need to have a certain thickness of a layer without any mixture, but the supply thickness t is kept to a minimum,
Raw materials can be reduced. The same applies to the supply device at the position B.

According to the supply device of the present invention, by reducing the charge pressure, the supply thickness of the decorative layer, which conventionally required 6 to 7 mm, can be reduced to 3 to 4 mm. Even if supplied thinly, there is no possibility that the granulated material forming the intermediate layer or the base layer is exposed on the surface, and a ceramic plate excellent in design property, surface smoothness and the like is finished.

The lower edge 4b of the inclined plate 4 is
In the direction opposite to the traveling direction. As a result, the granular material supplied below the inclined plate 4 is conveyed, so that the upper surface of the granular material can be leveled by the lower edge 4a of the inclined plate 4 while supplying the granular material. .

According to the supply device of the present invention, the upper surface of the base layer a is also leveled by the lower edge 4a of the inclined plate 4, and as shown in FIG. 2, the boundary between the base layer 31 and the intermediate layer 32, and the intermediate layer 32 And a ceramic plate having a clear boundary between the decorative layer 33 and the decorative layer 33 can be provided. As a result, a product with small variations in physical properties such as strength and stable quality can be obtained.

Further, the above-mentioned supply device 1 can be provided with a supply amount adjusting mechanism 5.

The supply amount adjusting mechanism 5 shown in FIG. 1 includes a closing plate 6 and a driving mechanism 7 for moving the closing plate 6 up and down, and can adjust a gap through which the granular material passes.
The closing plate 6 is provided at an appropriate position on the inclined plate 4. When it is desired to reduce the flow rate of the granular material, the closing plate 6 is lowered and closed.
Raise when you want more.

In addition to the above-described configuration, flow rate control using a vibration feeder or the like may be used.

The conveyor 8 is preferably a circulating belt conveyor, but the application of the supply device of the present invention is not particularly limited to this.

Next, as an example of a ceramic plate manufacturing system in which the supply device of the present invention is used, as shown in FIG. 2, a porous ceramic plate comprising a base layer 31, an intermediate layer 32, and a decorative layer 33 is shown. The structure and manufacturing method thereof will be described.

The base layer 31 is generally formed by heating and foaming a foamable inorganic material. In particular, reinforcing materials such as lath nets, heat-resistant inorganic fibers, and stainless steel fibers are sometimes embedded to maintain strength.However, the foamed inorganic material is heated and foamed and fired to create a dense and independent inside. By taking in pores, a product with high strength can be obtained.

As the foamable inorganic raw material forming the base layer 31, for example, a powder obtained by adding a foaming agent such as dolomite or silicon carbide to powder such as natural glass or artificial glass is used. Instead of glass powder, Al ₂ O ₃ —SiO ₂ based minerals such as acid clay, volcanic ash, shirasu, perlite, feldspar, valley stone, and horse head clay, which are volcanic natural raw materials, are used as the main raw materials. Fluxes such as ash, sodium nitrate, glass powder, boric acid, borax, dolomite, Si
An auxiliary agent such as a foaming agent such as C, barium carbonate, potassium carbonate and Sanritsu talc may be blended and used as a raw material.

In some cases, a flux component is mixed into the raw material. The flux component is a substance that lowers the melting point of the substance when mixed with another substance, for example, Na ₂ CO ₃ , Na ₂ SiO ₃ , NaNO ₃ , N
a ₂ HPO ₄ , Pb ₃ O ₄ , 2PbCO ₃ .Pb (O
H) ₂ , BaCO ₃ , NaB ₄ O ₇ .10H ₂ O, H ₃
BO ₃ , ZnO, glass powder, frit and the like.

The raw materials are charged through a hopper through a powdering, granulating, and drying process so as to have a uniform thickness, and are melted and integrated through a firing process.

In the pulverizing step, the compounded raw materials are put into a pot mill together with, for example, steel balls having a diameter of about 10 mm, and are dry-pulverized for several hours. The size of the obtained powder is, for example, about 325 mesh pass 96% or more. The compounded raw material thus finely pulverized becomes a granulated material in a granulating and drying process. The particle size of the granulated material is usually 0.5
About 5 mm.

It is known that the particles having a particle size of 0.2 to 5 mm are excellent in uniformity of temperature, gas divergence by uniform foaming heating, and the like.
It is known that when the thickness is set to と 3 mm, foaming becomes more stable.

The types of the raw materials and the mixing ratio thereof are appropriately selected according to the expansion ratio, the melting temperature and the like. Also, the thickness of the base layer after firing is appropriately selected depending on the application and the like, but is usually about 3 to 35 mm.

The decorative layer 33 is on the front side when the ceramic plate is attached, and imparts to the ceramic plate properties such as frost resistance, design, smoothness, waterproofness, and stain resistance, which cannot be achieved by the base layer 31 alone. It can be formed by using glaze particles (decorative particles) mixed and colored and firing them.

The glaze particles are obtained by powdering and granulating a raw material containing glass powder, frit, zirconium silicate, and elutriated clay as main materials, and a coloring material mixed with an inorganic coloring pigment. The particle size of the glaze particles is usually 0.5 to 3.5.
mm.

Further, the intermediate layer 32 is made of glass particles,
1 (0.5 mm or less). The particle size, the thickness of the intermediate layer, and the like are appropriately determined depending on the application.

The belt conveyor 8 has a circulating property, is easy to release gas generated at the time of melting, can be uniformly fired by heating from the lower portion, and forms a net having excellent design. Sometimes the body is adopted. In such a case, on the surface of the reticulated body, a release agent composed of a natural mineral having a higher melting point than alumina, silica and a main component thereof, at least a compounding material of the base layer and the decorative layer, is applied. I have.

The firing furnace 9 normally fires the granulated material at about 700 to 950 degrees. The rate of temperature increase or decrease depends on the type and composition of the raw materials. For example, in the preheating step (from normal temperature to 600 ° C.), the preheating step is completed at 36 ° C./min (thus, 36 minutes). 9.6 ° C./min in the firing step (600 ° C. → 880 ° C.), and 11.2 ° C./min in the slow cooling step (880 ° C. → 400 ° C.).
Min, 9.4 ° C in the cooling step (400 ° C → 60 ° C)
/ Min.

The sintering temperature is controlled by the mixing raw materials SiO ₂ and Al ₂
It is determined by the proportions of O ₃ and flux components. When metal parts are used for the belt conveyor 8, the roll 10 (see FIG. 3), etc., the temperature is low at the time of maintenance, specifically, 750 ° C. to 950. Baking is performed in the range of ° C.

The number of rolls 10 is determined by the thickness of the ceramic plate, the type of raw material, the surface pattern, and the like.
After quenching the roll, shift from the slow cooling zone to the cooling zone and “strain”
By cooling sequentially to remove the stress, the base layer, the humidity control layer and the decorative layer are integrated, and a smooth ceramic plate can be manufactured.

If the temperature of the quenching press roll is pressed by a roll having a temperature 20 to 70 ° C. lower than the product surface temperature, fusion of the rolls can be prevented. However, in order to increase productivity, the roll is lowered to a solidification temperature. In general, the surface of a foamed ceramic plate fired at a surface temperature of 880 ° C. is rapidly cooled to 600 ° C., and then solidification strain is removed in a slow cooling zone.

The ceramic plate is used for almost all processes.
It is conveyed through the firing furnace at a speed of about 5 to 28 cm / min, and is discharged from the furnace about 144 minutes after being carried into the furnace.

[0049]

As described above, the supply device of the present invention can reduce the charge pressure applied during the supply of the fluid, and there is a possibility that the fluid forming the layer located below the fluid may be involved. Thus, the supply thickness of a layer formed thereon, such as a decorative layer, can be reduced. As a result, the amount of expensive raw material for the decorative layer can be reduced, and the product can be manufactured cheaply.

Further, the granular material to be supplied can be supplied while the surface is being smoothed. Therefore, products excellent in frost damage resistance, designability, smoothness, waterproofness, and stain resistance can be manufactured.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing one embodiment of a supply device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory sectional view of a ceramic plate.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a manufacturing process of the ceramic plate.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional supply device.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a ceramic plate manufactured when a conventional supply device is used.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Supply device 3 Opening 4 Inclination plate 4a Lower edge 5 Supply amount adjustment mechanism 8 Conveyor

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A supply device having an opening below, and supplying a granular material onto a conveyor from the opening, wherein the supply device is inclined below the opening in a direction opposite to a traveling direction of the conveyor,
And a lower plate having an inclined plate whose height is the supply thickness of the granular material to be supplied. 2. The supply device according to claim 1, wherein an inclination angle of the inclined plate with respect to a conveyor is 5 to 60 degrees. 3. The supply device according to claim 1, wherein a supply amount adjustment mechanism for controlling an amount of the granular material flowing down the inclined plate is provided above the inclined plate.