JP2636540B2 - Rock crushing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a rock crushing apparatus for expanding the distance between outer shells by utilizing the displacement of a shape memory alloy caused by heating and crushing rock or the like by the static pressure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a rock or the like is crushed by static pressure, conventionally, a pilot hole or a trench excavated in the rock is filled with an expanding agent and crushed by an expansion pressure due to a chemical reaction. Alternatively, there is a method in which a wedge is inserted into a groove, and the outer shape of the wedge is enlarged and crushed by hydraulic pressure.

However, in the former method, a slow chemical reaction is used, so that it takes time until crushing, and in the latter method, a large hydraulic pump or a sufficiently strong oil supply pipe is required. Therefore, there has been a problem that the apparatus has become large-scaled, the usability is poor, and the workability is low.

Accordingly, the applicant of the present application has previously described Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-555.
No. 95 (International classification: E21C37 / 04) has developed a rock crushing device using a shape memory alloy.
In this device, a plurality of outer shells are connected to the outer periphery of a base via a shape memory alloy, and the shape memory alloy has a flat plate shape in a normal state, is bent by heating, and each of the outer shells is bent by its stroke. This method breaks rock by pushing and spreading, and has the advantages of shortening the crushing time and not requiring large-scale equipment such as a hydraulic mechanism, but has the following problems in practical use.

[0005]

That is, this structure has a structure in which both ends of the shape memory alloy are bolted to the outer shell forming the expanding portion, and the center is bolted to the base disposed at the center. When a pressure is applied to the outer shell, a shearing force is applied to the bolted joint, and there are structural defects such as a possibility that the shape memory alloy may be cracked or the bolt may be broken.

[0006] Further, since the outer shell is expanded by the amount of protrusion from the flat shape to the bending, the stroke for pushing and expanding the outer shell is basically short, and the outer shell is perforated with respect to the diameter of the outer shell. If the inside diameter is loose, it may not be able to be crushed,
A plurality of outer shells were arranged in a cylinder and the diameter of the cylinder was expanded, so the direction of crushing was not determined.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a local shearing force is not applied to a shape memory alloy, a large stroke for expanding the diameter can be obtained, and the direction of crushing can be specified. It is an object of the present invention to provide a rock crushing device as described above. It is another object of the present invention to provide a rock crushing apparatus capable of crushing a rock in accordance with the depth of a pilot hole or a groove drilled in the rock.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a rock crushing apparatus according to claim 1 has an outer shape inserted into a pilot hole or a groove excavated in rock or the like, and has a push-out portion. A pair of outer shells, a plurality of shape memory alloys arranged in the longitudinal direction with both ends connected to the inner surfaces of both outer shells, and a heater for heating the shape memory alloy by contacting the surface of each shape memory alloy with the door, each of the shape memory alloy forms a bent shape under normal temperatures, and all SANYO to restore a flat shape by heating, there inside of both the shell
Therefore, insertion grooves are opened on both sides of the shape memory alloy,
By inserting the insertion groove into the guide bar, multiple outer shells can be
It is characterized by being supported in tandem on the guide bar .

Further , the rock crushing apparatus according to claim 2 is
Insert into pilot holes or trenches drilled in rock
A pair of outer shapes,
An outer shell and a plurality of locking members formed on the inner surfaces of both outer shells.
Along the longitudinal direction with each end locked in the recess
Shape memory alloys arranged in a plurality and the surface of each shape memory alloy
The heater that contacts and heats the
Urging means for urging in a contact direction,
Metal alloy has a bent shape at normal temperature, and
It is characterized by being restored to a flat plate shape.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the present invention , each shape memory alloy closes both outer shells in a bent state, and is restored to a flat plate shape by heating to separate the outer shells and expand the outer shells. The crushing direction is specified in the direction along the joint surface between the outer shells. Soshi
Multiple devices are supported in tandem by the guide bar.
Of the pilot hole or groove.
It can be crushed with the body aligned.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the shape memory is provided.
The ends of the alloy are not bolted to the shell
Even if partial pressure acts on the outer shell, local shearing force is applied
Without cracks in the shape memory alloy.
No artificial defects.

[0012]

1 (a) and 1 (b), 2 (a) and 2 (b) show a rock crushing apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, a rock crushing apparatus 1 has a cylindrical shape having a diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of a pilot hole, which will be described later, and has an outer shape obtained by joining a pair of outer shells 2 formed in a half-split shape. The body 2 forms the push-out portion. At the center of the joint surface between the two outer shells 2, a groove 2a having a rectangular cross section for accommodating a plurality of shape memory alloys 3 is formed along the longitudinal direction, and a pair of guide bars is formed on both sides of the groove 2a. The insertion groove 2b, which has a rectangular cross section, is formed along the longitudinal direction.

Each of the shape memory alloys 3 is in the form of a plate having a predetermined thickness, and its upper and lower ends are brought into contact with locking recesses 2c formed at appropriate intervals on the groove bottoms of the respective groove portions 2a. Are connected to the respective outer shells 2 and are arranged in a longitudinal direction. Waterproof sheet heaters 5 are affixed to both sides of each shape memory alloy 3, and a power supply connecting cord 5a is drawn out from between the groove 2a and the insertion groove 2b. The cord 5a can be prevented from breaking by supporting it inside the guide bar 4.

At the normal temperature, each shape memory alloy 3 is bent into a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 1 and is restored to a flat upright shape as shown in FIG. The shape is stored in advance, and an operation of pushing and expanding the outer shells 2 from the closed state is performed by the restoring force. The expansion stroke is determined by the difference between the length of the shape memory alloy 3 and the amount of bending deformation. Further, the pressing force for expanding the outer shell 2 can be set by the thickness of each shape memory alloy 3 and the number of the arrayed pieces, and the thickness and the number are determined according to the required crushing pressure. Further, the deformation speed for spreading can be easily controlled by temperature control by adjusting the power of the heater 5.

As the urging means for joining the outer shells 2 in a closed state and deforming the shape memory alloy 4 in the bending direction at a normal temperature, FIG.
A plurality of rubber bands 6 are fitted at appropriate positions on the outer periphery of both outer shells 2 as shown in FIG. 3A, or are pulled to both end surfaces of both outer shells 2 as shown in FIG. What is necessary is just to arrange | position the spring 7 and to connect both in a closing direction.

Next, a case of crushing a rock using the above rock crushing apparatus 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, each device 1 is set in a state where a plurality of the guide bars 4 are inserted and supported in tandem, and the guide bar 4 is loaded into a pilot hole E1 pre-drilled in the rock E by loading.
A plurality of the devices 1 are continuously arranged inside the pilot hole E1 at appropriate intervals. Then, the cord 5a drawn from each device 1 is connected to the power supply Vcc, and as soon as heating is performed, each shape memory alloy 3 is restored to a flat plate shape, and each outer shell 2 is pushed up and down.

Since the direction in which the outer shell 2 is expanded in each device 1 is regulated by the guide bar 4 in the vertical direction, the bedrock E is simultaneously crushed in a state where the pilot hole E1 is divided in the horizontal direction in the figure. But the guide bar 5
By changing the angular position of the pilot hole E1
The crushing direction can be arbitrarily set according to the joint direction of the bedrock E or the like.

In the embodiment, the outer shell 2 is formed in a cylindrical shape in accordance with the cross-sectional shape of the pilot hole E1, but it is a matter of course that the outer shell 2 can be formed in a rectangular shape in accordance with the shape of the pilot hole.

[0019]

As described in detail in the above embodiment, according to the rock crushing apparatus of the first aspect, each shape memory alloy closes both outer shells in a bent state, and is restored to a flat shape by heating. The outer shell is separated and the outer shell is pushed out to spread it out, so the displacement can be increased and the crushing direction can be specified in the direction along the joint surface of both outer shells. There is an advantage that the crushing direction can be set arbitrarily. And multiple devices tandem on the guide bar
The pilot hole or groove depth
Can be crushed by aligning its entire direction according to
Therefore, the work can be shortened.

Further , according to the rock crushing apparatus of claim 2,
Then, as shown in the prior art, both ends of the shape memory alloy
Since it is not bolted to the outer shell,
Even if the partial pressure acts, no local shearing force is applied,
Structural defects such as cracks in shape memory alloys
No excellent crushing equipment can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of a rock crushing apparatus according to the present invention at the time of diameter reduction. (B) is a sectional view taken along line AA of (a).

FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of the rock crushing apparatus according to the present invention when it is spread. (B) is a sectional view taken along line BB of (a).

FIG. 3A is a perspective view using a rubber band as a means for connecting both outer shells. (B) is a perspective view using a tension spring as the connecting means.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a state in which each rock crushing device is loaded into a pilot hole via a guide bar.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Rock Crusher 2 Outer Shell 2a Groove 2b Insertion Groove 3 Shape Memory Alloy 4 Guide Bar 5 Planar Heater 5a Code E Rock E1 Pilot Hole

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pair of outer shells each having an outer shape inserted into a pilot hole or a groove excavated in rock or the like and forming a push-spread portion, and both ends connected to inner surfaces of both outer shells. A plurality of shape memory alloys arranged along the longitudinal direction, and a heater that contacts and heats the surface of each shape memory alloy, and each shape memory alloy forms a bent shape at normal temperature, and is heated by heating. It restores to a flat shape
Inside the outer shells, the shape memory alloy
Insertion grooves are opened on both sides, and these insertion grooves are inserted into guide bars.
Tandem the outer shell to the guide bar.
A rock crushing device characterized by supporting in a rock shape . 2. A pair of outer shells each having an outer shape inserted into a pilot hole or a groove excavated in rock or the like and forming a push-spread portion, and formed on opposite inner surfaces of both outer shells.
A heater for heating the arrayed shape memory alloy, it in contact with the surface of the shape memory alloy in the longitudinal direction in a plurality of states each engagement recess has locking both ends that, both outside
Urging means for urging the shells in directions approaching each other, wherein each of the shape memory alloys has a bent shape at a normal temperature and is restored to a flat plate shape by heating. Crushing equipment.