JP2632670B2 - Engine driven heat pump device - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a heat pump device in which a compressor for compressing a refrigerant and forcibly circulating the refrigerant is driven by an engine.

(Prior art)

A heat pump device used in a home air conditioner or the like compresses a refrigerant such as chlorofluorocarbon by a compressor into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which is converted into a refrigerant circuit provided with an indoor heat exchanger and an outdoor heat exchanger. Force circulation. Since the refrigerant is pressurized to a high pressure as described above, the refrigerant gas may leak from a mechanical seal portion of the compressor or a pipe joint of the refrigerant circuit. In addition, if the amount of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is too large, the refrigerant gas must be vented from the refrigerant charging plug provided in the refrigerant circuit in addition to the natural leakage from the seal portion. Have to be.

On the other hand, there is a heat pump device in which the above-described refrigerant compressor is driven by an engine. According to the findings of the present inventors, refrigerants such as chlorofluorocarbons have a property of having a high affinity for engine lubricating oil, and therefore, refrigerant gas leaked from the intake port is sucked into the combustion chamber of the engine as described above. It was found that the lubrication performance was reduced by diluting the engine lubricating oil. It has also been found that the intake gas mixture ratio is disturbed by sucking the refrigerant gas, which may cause engine malfunction.

[Object of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to provide an engine-driven heat pump device in which a refrigerant gas is not sucked into an engine.

[Configuration of the invention]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for compressing a refrigerant by a compressor driven by an engine and forcibly circulating the compressed refrigerant through a refrigerant circulation circuit provided with an air heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and the like. In the engine-driven heat pump device equipped with a forced-blowing fan, a power unit area containing the engine, the compressor, etc., and the air heat exchanger and air are taken in from the rear and passed through the air heat exchanger to be forward. An outdoor unit of an engine-driven heat pump device comprising a fan and a heat exchange unit area accommodating a fan exhausted to the engine, and a heat exchange unit area disposed above the power unit area to communicate with a combustion chamber of the engine. An intake pipe is extended toward the heat exchange unit area side, and an intake port of the intake pipe is separated from the power unit area by a forced air flow generated by the fan. An opening at the rear upper part of the heat exchange unit area, and an exhaust port of an exhaust pipe communicating with a combustion chamber of the engine at a rear lower part of the power unit area, thereby providing ventilation in the power unit area. A ventilating inlet is provided at the bottom of the power unit area, and a ventilation outlet is arranged at an upper rear portion of the power unit area.

〔Example〕

FIG. 4 is a system diagram when the engine-driven heat pump device according to the present invention is used as an air conditioner. Reference numeral 1 denotes an engine driven by gas fuel such as city gas or propane gas, and 2 denotes a starting motor. Reference numeral 3 denotes a compressor driven by the engine 1, which compresses a refrigerant such as Freon into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and forcibly circulates the refrigerant in a refrigerant circulation circuit as described below.

A four-way switching valve 6 is connected between the discharge pipe 4 and the suction pipe 5 of the compressor 3, and pipes 7, 8 extending from the four-way switching valve 6 are provided.
Is connected to an air heat exchanger 10 provided with a fan 9 on one pipe 7 side, and connected to an indoor heat exchanger 12 provided with a fan 11 on the other pipe 8 side. Also air heat exchanger
Between a pipe 13 extending from 10 and a pipe 14 extending from the indoor heat exchanger 12, a heating expansion valve 15, a cooling expansion valve 16,
Check valves 17, 18 and a receiver 19 are provided. Further, the discharge pipe 4, the suction pipe 5, and the receiver 19 are provided with refrigerant charging plugs 4a, 5a, and 19a, respectively. When these plugs are filled with the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit, or when the refrigerant is excessively charged. Of the refrigerant gas can be removed.

In the refrigerant circulation circuit, when the refrigerant is switched by the four-way switching valve 6 so as to circulate in the direction of the solid line arrow, the air heat exchanger 10 acts as an evaporator, while the indoor heat exchanger 12 acts as a condenser. It becomes a heating circuit that heats the room. When the four-way switching valve 6 is switched to circulate the refrigerant in the direction of the dashed arrow, the outdoor heat exchanger 10 acts as a condenser and the air heat exchanger 12 acts as an evaporator. It becomes a cooling circuit for cooling the room.

On the other hand, the engine 1 is provided with a jacket 21 in the exhaust muffler 22 together with a jacket 21 for cooling the cylinder, and engine cooling water is forcedly circulated in the jackets 21 and 23 by the pump 20. ing. A pipe 24 extending from the jacket 23 of the exhaust silencer 22 is branched into pipes 25 and 26 via solenoid valves 27 and 28 on the way, and one pipe 25 is provided with air provided in parallel with the air heat exchanger 10. The heat exchanger 29 is connected, and the other pipe 26 is connected to an indoor heat exchanger 30 provided in parallel with the indoor heat exchanger 12.
32 is a storage tank for engine cooling water.

FIGS. 1 to 3 are assembly drawings of the engine-driven heat pump device shown in the above-mentioned system diagram, and each device shown in FIG. 4 is housed in three units I, II and III, respectively.

The unit area 1 constitutes a power unit, and the horizontally placed engine 1 and compressor 3 are housed in a box 35 as a main part. In the box 35, in addition to the engine 1 and the compressor 3, an exhaust silencer 22, a pump 20, a starting motor 2, an intake silencer 38, and the like are further housed.

Further, outside the box 35, an intake pipe 41 connected to the intake muffler 38 and an exhaust pipe 42 connected to the exhaust muffler 22 protrude. Intake pipe 41 communicating with the combustion chamber of engine 1
Extends to an upper rear area of an upper unit II (a heat exchange unit area to be described later), and opens an intake port 41a.
A flexible pipe 43 is connected to an exhaust pipe 42 communicating with the combustion chamber of the engine 1, and an exhaust port of the flexible pipe 43 is opened downward at a lower rear portion of a power unit area.

In addition, ventilation holes 4 are provided at the bottom and top of the box 35, respectively.
4,45 are provided. Ventilation fan on ventilation port 45 on the top
A ventilation outlet 48 with a louver is provided at the upper portion of the rear surface of the box 35 forming the power unit area via a duct 47, and communicates with the outside air. A ventilation port (ventilation entrance) 44 for ventilating the power unit area opens downward at the bottom.

Unit II constitutes a heat exchange unit area, and an air heat exchanger 10 and an air heat exchanger 29 provided with a fan 9 for forced air blowing are housed in a box 36 as a main part.
The fan 9 is arranged on the front side of the air heat exchangers 10, 29, and takes in air from the rear, passes through the air heat exchangers 10, 29, and discharges the air forward. An outdoor unit of the engine-driven heat pump device is constituted by the power unit area and the heat exchange unit area, and they are vertically arranged with the heat exchange unit area on the upper side.

Unit III constitutes a piping unit area, and includes piping 4, 5, 7, 8, 13, 14 of the refrigerant circulation circuit, four-way switching valve 6, expansion valves 15, 16, and check valve 17 connected to these pipings. , 18, Receiver 19,
Further, refrigerant charging plugs 4a, 5a, 19a are housed in the box 39. The box 39 also houses an electrical box 40 for controlling the power system of the engine.

Now, when the above-described engine-driven heat pump is operated,
As described above, the refrigerant gas may leak from the mechanical seal portion of the compressor 3 in the power unit area 1 or the pipe joint of the refrigerant circulation circuit, and the refrigerant gas is discharged from the ventilation outlet 48 into the box body.
May go outside of 35. Also, in the refrigerant charging operation, if the amount of refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit is
It is necessary to vent refrigerant gas from 4a, 5a, 19a,
The refrigerant gas at this time also leaks to the outside of the box.
If such a refrigerant gas is sucked into the combustion chamber of the engine 1, the engine lubricating oil is diluted and the lubricating performance is lowered, or the intake air mixture ratio is disturbed to cause engine malfunction.

However, in the above-described apparatus of the present invention, the arrangement is divided into the power unit area I and the heat exchange unit area II, and the intake pipe 41 communicating with the combustion chamber of the engine 1 is connected to the power unit area I.
To the heat exchange unit area II, and the intake port 41a of the intake pipe 41 is opened to the side far from the power unit area I so as to be separated by the forced air flow A by the fan 9.

Since the forced air flow A generated by the fan 9 forms a so-called air curtain, the refrigerant gas generated in the power unit area I is blocked from moving toward the intake port 41a.
Even if suction force acts on 1a, refrigerant gas is not sucked. Therefore, the lubrication performance does not decrease due to the dilution of the engine lubricating oil, and the engine does not malfunction due to the disturbance of the intake air mixture ratio.

Further, the engine sound from the power unit area I leaks to the outside through the ventilation inlet / outlet. However, since they are not arranged in front of the power unit area I, noise in front of the outdoor unit can be reduced. Since the rear wall of the outdoor unit exists around the outlet 48, it is more effective.

In addition, regarding the exhaust noise of the engine 1 itself, the exhaust noise at the front of the outdoor unit can be reduced because the exhaust port is located on the rear side.

In addition, since the air inlet 41a is disposed above the heat exchange unit area II, and a part of the air flow forming the air curtain is taken in from the air inlet 41a by the fan 9, a part of the air constantly flowing from the air inlet is provided. So that it stays near the surface of the earth and does not inhale the warmed air under the influence of the summer sun. Therefore, the engine performance can be sufficiently exhibited even in summer.

Further, since the intake port 41a and the exhaust port are separated by the air flow forming an air curtain by the fan 9, exhaust gas is not sucked from the intake port, and the engine performance may be reduced due to the exhaust gas. Absent.

In addition, the intake port 41a is opened at the rear upper part of the heat exchange unit area II so as to be separated from the power unit area I by the forced airflow generated by the fan 9, and the ventilation outlet 48 is formed at the rear upper part of the power unit area I. The exhaust vent to its ventilation outlet
Since it is located below 48, it is possible to adopt an arrangement that effectively prevents both refrigerant leaking from the ventilation outlet 48 and exhaust constantly discharged from the exhaust port from being sucked into the intake side. Thus, it is possible to reliably prevent the deterioration of the engine performance.

In the present invention, in order to obtain the above-described functions and effects, the intake port of the engine only needs to separate the forced airflow from the fan. The separation means, in addition to the case where the fan is separated by the entire flow of the forced air generated by the fan, as well as the opening in the forced air flow as in the above embodiment,
This includes the case where only a part of the total forced air flow is separated.

〔The invention's effect〕

The present invention compresses a refrigerant by a compressor driven by an engine as described above, and converts the compressed refrigerant into an air heat exchanger,
In an engine-driven heat pump device in which an air-heat exchanger is forcibly circulated through a refrigerant circuit provided with an expansion valve and the like, and a forced-air fan is attached to the air heat exchanger, a power unit area containing the engine, the compressor, and the like; An outdoor unit of an engine-driven heat pump device comprising an air heat exchanger and a heat exchange unit area containing a fan that takes in air from the rear and passes through the air heat exchanger and exhausts the air forward; A heat exchange unit area is disposed above the area, an intake pipe communicating with a combustion chamber of the engine is extended toward the heat exchange unit area, and an intake port of the intake pipe is connected to the power unit area with respect to the power unit area. The upper part of the heat exchange unit area is opened behind the heat exchange unit area so as to be separated by the forced air flow generated in Since the exhaust port of the exhaust pipe communicating with the combustion chamber is arranged, a ventilation inlet for ventilating the power unit area is provided at the bottom of the power unit area, and the ventilation outlet is arranged at the upper rear part of the power unit area. The following excellent effects can be obtained.

That is, the heat exchange unit area containing the air heat exchanger and the fan is placed above the power unit area containing the engine and compressor, and the intake pipe communicating with the combustion chamber of the engine is extended toward the heat exchange unit area. In addition, since the intake port of the intake pipe is opened so as to be separated from the power unit area by a forced air flow generated by a fan, even if refrigerant gas may leak in the power unit area, the refrigerant gas Is blocked by the forced airflow from the fan in the heat exchange unit area and is not sucked into the engine through the intake port. Therefore, the engine lubricating oil is not diluted and the lubricating performance is not lowered, and the engine malfunction is not caused by the disturbance of the intake air mixture ratio.

In addition, the engine sound from the power unit area leaks to the outside from the ventilation outlet and the ventilation inlet, but the ventilation outlet is located at the back of the power unit area, the ventilation inlet is provided at the bottom of the power unit area, and the front of the power unit area In this case, it is possible to reduce engine noise in front of the outdoor unit.

Also, regarding the exhaust noise of the engine itself, since the exhaust port is located on the rear side of the power unit area, the exhaust noise to the front of the outdoor unit can be reduced.

Also, since the intake port is separated by the forced air flow generated by the fan with respect to the power unit area and opened at the top of the heat exchange unit area, a part of the air flow forming the air curtain by the fan is Air that can be constantly taken in from the intake port, and thus can constantly inhale a part of the flowing air from the intake port, staying near the surface of the ground, and heating the air under the influence of the summer sun shine , So that the engine performance can be sufficiently exhibited even in summer.

Further, since the intake port and the exhaust port are separated by an airflow forming an air curtain by the fan, exhaust gas is not sucked from the intake port, and a decrease in engine performance due to the exhaust gas can be prevented. .

In addition, the intake port is separated by the forced air flow generated by the fan with respect to the power unit area, and is opened at the upper rear part of the heat exchange unit area. Since it is located below the ventilation outlet, it is possible to adopt an arrangement configuration that effectively prevents both refrigerant leaking from the ventilation outlet and exhaust constantly discharged from the exhaust port from being sucked into the intake side. Thus, it is possible to reliably prevent the deterioration of the engine performance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an engine-driven heat pump device according to the present invention in a partially transparent state, FIG. 2 is a schematic front view also showing the engine driven heat pump device in a partially transparent state, FIG. FIG. 4 is a system diagram of the engine driven heat pump device. 1 ... Engine, 3 ... Compressor, 4,5,7,8,13,14 ...
Piping (for refrigerant circulation), 9 ... fan, 10 ... air heat exchanger, 15 ... expansion valve for heating, 16 ... expansion valve for cooling, 35,3
6,39 ... box, 41 ... intake pipe, 41a ... intake port, 42 ...
Exhaust pipe, 44: Ventilation port (ventilation inlet), I: Power unit area, II: Heat exchange unit area.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A compressor driven by an engine compresses a refrigerant, forcibly circulates the compressed refrigerant through a refrigerant circuit provided with an air heat exchanger, an expansion valve and the like, and forcibly sends air to the air heat exchanger. An engine-driven heat pump device equipped with a fan, wherein a power unit area containing the engine, the compressor, and the like;
An outdoor unit of an engine-driven heat pump device comprising the air heat exchanger and a heat exchange unit area containing a fan that takes in air from the rear and passes through the air heat exchanger and exhausts the air forward; A heat exchange unit area is disposed above the unit area, an intake pipe communicating with a combustion chamber of the engine is extended toward the heat exchange unit area, and an intake port of the intake pipe is provided with respect to the power unit area. Opening at the rear upper part of the heat exchange unit area so as to be separated by the forced air flow generated by the fan,
An exhaust port of an exhaust pipe communicating with a combustion chamber of the engine is provided at a lower rear portion of the power unit area, a ventilation inlet for ventilating the power unit area is provided at a bottom of the power unit area, and a ventilation outlet is provided. An engine-driven heat pump device, wherein is disposed above the rear surface of the power unit area.