JP2628112B2 - Thermal sensation calculation device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a thermal sensation calculating device for calculating a thermal sensation felt by a human body (for example, an indoor thermal environment evaluation index T _AVR ).

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An evaluation index of a thermal environment felt by a human body, that is, an indoor thermal environment evaluation index T as a thermal sensation.
_{There is an AVR} (hereinafter simply referred to as an evaluation index).
This evaluation index T _AVR is defined by the following equation (1). According to the evaluation index T _AVR , the temperature Ta, the radiation temperature Tr, and the airflow velocity V _air can be combined into one, and the environment can be comprehensively evaluated. In the following equation (1), α, β, γ, and T _skin are predetermined coefficients. T _AVR = α · Tr + β · Ta−γ · V _air ^0.5 · (T _skin −Ta) (1) That is, based on the above expression (1), the room temperature Ta, the radiation temperature Tr, and the room air flow by measuring the velocity _{V air} at individual sensors, it is possible to determine the evaluation index _{T AVR} Nio Isuzu equal rating index _{T AVR} ^*.

Recently, as a second method for obtaining the evaluation index T _AVR , a heater is incorporated in a module body to form an environment measuring section, and a surface temperature (sensor temperature) T _srf of the module body is determined based on an air temperature Ta. There has been proposed a method of controlling the amount of power supplied to the heater so as to match a specific temperature Ta ^* determined in advance (for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2-250009 filed by the present applicant). According to this method, the evaluation index T _AVR ^* can be obtained by measuring the amount of electric power supplied to the heater as the heat energy H (Ta ^* ) and performing the calculation according to the following equation (2). In the following equation (2), a, b, c, d
Is a predetermined coefficient. _TAVR ^* = a-Ta ^* + bH (Ta ^* ) + cTa + d (2)

[0004]

However, in the above-described second method, the sensor temperature _{Tsrf is changed} to the specific temperature Ta.
^{* As} a control function to make the sensor temperature T
A closed-loop control function for feedback control of _srf is added, which complicates the device configuration and inevitably increases the price. When the closed loop control is performed using, for example, a PID controller, P
The characteristics of the ID or PI control greatly affect the measurement performance of the evaluation index T _AVR ^* . Specifically, the thermal energy H (Ta ^* ) is not a control amount (PV value) but an operation amount (MV value), and the measured evaluation index T _AVR ^* is always unsteady and unusable. Becomes PID
Either lower the gain on the controller or smooth the data. However, the response characteristic to the indoor environment is greatly deteriorated due to the gain reduction and the smoothing.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve such problems, a particular temperature calculating means for calculating a certain temperature Ta ^* based on the air temperature Ta to be granted through the temperature sensor And the thermal energy H (Ta ^* ) is calculated based on the specific temperature Ta ^* without receiving the feedback of the sensor temperature _Tsrf , and the calculated thermal energy H (T ^* ) is calculated.
a ^* ) to the heating means, a thermal energy calculation providing means, and a temperature Ta, a specific temperature Ta ^* , a sensor temperature _Tsrf ,
And a thermal sensation calculating means for calculating a thermal sensation based on the thermal energy H (Ta ^* ) and the air flow velocity V _air supplied via the air flow sensor.

[0006]

According to the present invention, the sensor temperature T
_There is no need for a closed loop control function to make _srf coincide with the specific temperature Ta ^* .

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a thermal sensation calculation device according to the present invention will be described in detail.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing one embodiment of the thermal sensation calculating device. This thermal sensation computing device 1
Has an input unit 2, an operation unit 3, and a display output unit 4.
The input unit 2 is provided with a room temperature Ta via the temperature sensor 6, a sensor temperature _Tsrf from the environment measuring unit 5, and a room airflow velocity V _air via the airflow sensor 7 as detection values. Then, these detected values are sent from the input unit 2 to the calculation unit 3, and the calculation unit 3 specifies the specific temperature Ta ^* , the heater power H (Ta ^* ) as heat energy, and the evaluation index T.
_AVR ^* is required.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the specific temperature calculating section 3-1 calculates the specific temperature Ta ^* based on the room temperature Ta by the following equation (3). The following equation (3) will be described later. Ta ^* ≒ [(γ · Hr) / (α · A)] · (T _skin −Ta) + Ta ··· (3)

Next, the heater power calculating section 3-2 calculates the heater power H (Ta ^* ) based on the specific temperature Ta ^* without receiving the feedback of the sensor temperature _Tsrf by the following equation (4). I do. H (Ta ^* ) = Hr · (Ta ^* −Ta) + A · (0.2) ⁿ · (Ta ^* −Ta) (4)

Then, the obtained heater power H (Ta)
^* ) Is given to the environment measuring unit 5 via the input unit 2.

Here, the environment measuring section 5 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3A, for example, the environment measurement unit 5 includes an elliptical spherical module main body 5-11 and a heater 5 arranged inside the module main body 5-11.
12 and a surface temperature sensor 5-13 attached to the module main body 5-11. The module main body 5-11 is formed of a metal having good heat conductivity such as copper or aluminum, and its outer surface is colored as shown by a shaded portion in FIG. It is assumed. In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 6 and the airflow sensor 7 are installed on the support base 5-14 of the module main body 5-11. Module body 5-11
May have a cylindrical shape, as shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 4 (b).

The above-described heater power H (Ta ^* ) is supplied to the heater 5-12 in the environment measuring section 5.
Then, the module main body 5-11 is heated by the heater 5-12, and the sensor temperature _Tsrf detected by the surface temperature sensor 5-13 is calculated via the input unit 2 by the calculation unit 3
Sent to

In the calculating section 3, the sensor temperature _Tsrf is given to the evaluation index calculating section 3-3. Evaluation index calculator 3-
3, the room temperature Ta via the temperature sensor 6, the airflow velocity V _air via the airflow sensor 7, the specific temperature calculation unit 3-1
Specific temperature Ta ^* through the heater power H through the heater power calculation unit 3-2 (Ta ^*) have been granted based on these donors value, by the following equation (5), the evaluation index T
Calculate _AVR ^* . In addition, about the following formula (5),
It will be described later. ^{_{T AVR * = α · T srf}} + β · Ta-a 1 · H (Ta *) + V air n · (a 2 · T srf -a 3 · Ta + a 4) ··· (5)

The evaluation index T obtained by the evaluation index calculator 3-3
_AVR ^* is sent to the display output unit 4 for display.

[0016] Thus, according to the thermal sensation computing device 1 according to this embodiment obtains a certain temperature Ta ^* based on the room air temperature Ta to be granted through the temperature sensor 6, the sensor temperature based on the particular temperature Ta ^* It calculates the heater power H (Ta ^*) without receiving feedback T _srf, heating and the so calculated heater power H (Ta ^*) heater 5-
12, the room temperature Ta, the specific temperature T
a ^* , sensor temperature _Tsrf , heater power H (Ta ^* )
And the evaluation index T _AVR based on the airflow velocity V _air
^* _Is calculated, so that the sensor temperature T _srf
Does not require a closed loop control function for making the temperature and the specific temperature Ta ^* coincide with each other, thereby simplifying the configuration of the apparatus and promoting reduction in size, weight, and cost. Also, the sensor temperature T
Since only donate regardless heater power H a (Ta ^*) as a constant _srf, ie, only donate uniquely heater power H (Ta ^*) to obtain a certain temperature Ta ^*, the control characteristics The influence is eliminated, and the responsiveness to the indoor environment is improved. According to the present embodiment, there is no overshoot at all, and the environment measuring unit 5 can be always safely touched.

Next, the specific temperature Ta ^* and the heater power H
(Ta ^* ) will be described.

[0018] to calculate the specific temperature Ta ^* from the indoor temperature Ta, use it, breeze V there is an air velocity _{V air}
When a _airo, H as a heat balance equations satisfied by the environment measuring section ^{5 (Ta *) = Hr ·} (Ta * - Tr) + A · Vairo n · (Ta * -Ta) becomes (6) relational expression (At this time, Ta ^* = T
_srf ). Hr: radiation heat transfer coefficient, A:
Constants specific to the environmental measurement unit. This H (Ta ^* ) is actually given to the heater 5-12, and at this time, the module body 5-1
The surface temperature of _{No. 1} is measured as _Tarf .

When both sides of the above equation (6) are divided by the coefficient Hr, (1 / Hr) ・ H (Ta ^* ) = (Ta ^* −Tr) + (A
_{^{/ Hr) · V airo n ·}} (Ta * -Ta) next to, from now on, the left-hand side and Tr (A / Hr) · V
to only the _{^{airo n · (Ta * -Ta)}} . Tr− (A / Hr) · V _air ⁿ · (Ta ^* −Ta)
= Ta ^* -(1 / Hr) .H (Ta ^* ) Further, a coefficient α is applied to both sides. α · Tr-α · (A / Hr) · V airo n (Ta * -
Ta) = α · Ta ^* − (α / Hr) · H (Ta ^* ) Further, β · Ta is added to both sides. Then,
(6-1) equation is α · Tr + β · Ta- α · guided _{^{(A / Hr) · V airo}} n · (Ta * -Ta) = α · Ta * + β · Ta- (α / Hr) · H ( Ta ^* ) (6-1) Here, assuming that Ta ^* ≒ _Tsrf , Equation (6-1)
Becomes the following equation (6-2). α · Tr + β · Ta- α · (A / Hr) · V airo n · (T srf -Ta) = α · Ta * + β · Ta- (α / Hr) · H (T srf) ··· (6- 2)

Equation (1) with the left and right sides interchanged is
Equation (1-1) is used. α · Tr + β · Ta−γ · V _air ^0.5 · (T _skin −Ta) = T _AVR (1-1) where the expressions (1-1) and (6-1) are arranged. Next
Swell. α · Tr + β · Ta- γ · V air 0.5 · (T skin -Ta) = T AVR ··· (1-1) α · Tr + B · Ta-α · (A / Hr) · V airo n · ( Ta ^* −Ta) = α · Ta ^* + β · Ta− (α / Hr) · H (Ta ^* ) (6-1) Comparing the left sides of the equations (1-1) and (6-1) , Paragraph 1
And 2 are the same, but only the third is different. So
Here, when a part of the third term is forcibly made equal,
The right side of Expression (1-1) and Expression (6-1) have the same value.
You. Therefore, we need to make these third terms equal
To ^{_{-Α · (A / Hr) ·}} V airo n · (Ta * -Ta)
= −γ · V _air ^0.5 · (T _skin −Ta) From this, the following equation (7) is derived. ^{_{α · (A / Hr) ·}} V airo n · (Ta * -Ta) = γ · V air 0.5 · (T skin -Ta) ··· (7)

Here, both sides of the equation (7) are represented by α · (A / H
divided by _{r) · V airo} ^n. Ta ^* -Ta = _{[Hr / (α · A · V} airo n) ],
^{_{γ · V air 0.5 (T skin}} -Ta) = [(gamma · H
r) / (α · A)] · (V _air ^0.5 /
^{_{V airo n) · (T skin}} -Ta) In addition, when you move the left-hand side of Ta on the right-hand ^{side, Ta * = (γ · Hr} ) / (α · A) ] · _{(V air}
The ^{_{0.5 / V airo n) · (}} T skin -Ta) + Ta.

By the way, the air flow velocity in the room, V _air ^0.5
Experiment and in between the _{V airo} ^n, and the difference is not much
Since it was found in, such ^{_{as, V airo n ≒ V air 0.5}} , to
Ie ^{_{(V air 0.5 / V airo n}} ) considered ≒ 1
You. Stated _finely index n of _{V airo} ⁿ is 0.4
It was found through experiments that the range was 0.7, and V
_air and _{V airo} sail Isuzu considered to be the same value mistake of prayer
_In, Q even ^{_{(V air 0.5 / V airo n}} ) ≒ 1
There is no title. Then, Ta ^* = [(γ · Hr) / (α · A)] · (V _{air
^{0.5 / V airo n) · (}} T skin -Ta) + Ta Ta * ≒ [(γ · Hr) / (α · A) ] _{· (T skin -Ta) + Ta} (8) next, Ta ^* indoor air temperature Determined by Ta.

Next, the formula for calculating the evaluation index T _AVR ^* will be described.
Will be explained.

The evaluation index is defined as T _AVR.
One is, air temperature Ta, the radiant temperature Tr, the air velocity _{V air}
It can be regarded as the temperature for indoor evaluation summarized in the above. Environmental measurement unit 5
Provides heater power H (Ta ^* ) determined by Ta ^*
However, the surface temperature T _srf is Ta ^* ≠ T _srf
, And the has become a ^{_{H (Ta *) = Hr ·}} (T srf -Tr) + A · V air n · (T srf -T a) ·· (9).

If the surface temperature T _srf of the environment measuring unit 5 is
Feedback control so that specific temperature Ta ^* matches
When the heater power H (Ta ^* ) is turned on,
In this case, H (Ta ^* ) = Hr · (Ta ^* −Tr) + A · V
_airo to become ⁿ · ^(Ta * -Ta). However, in this embodiment, the feedback control is activated.
Since there is no heater power H (Ta ^* )
However, the surface temperature T _srf of the environment measuring unit 5 and the specific temperature Ta ^*
Does not match. This is expressed by the above equation (9).
You. This is the equilibrium between heat input and heat dissipation in the environment measurement unit 5.
Means However, the heater power on the left side of equation (9)
H (Ta ^*) is by a specific temperature Ta ^*, defined as ^{H (Ta *) = Hr ·} (Ta * -Ta) + A · (0.2) n · (Ta * -Ta) ··· (4) Energy to be supplied to the heater 5-12
Gee.

Here, equation (9) is modified. First, the equation
Divide both sides of (9) by the coefficient Hr. ^{(1 / Hr) · H (} Ta *) = (T srf -Tr) +
_{^{(A / Hr) · V air}} n · (T srf -Ta) bring the radiation temperature Tr on the left side, met with the rest on the right-hand side
You. Tr = _Tsrf− (1 / Hr) · H (Ta ^* ) + (A /
_{^{Hr) · V air n · (}} T srf -Ta) In addition, multiplied by a coefficient α on both sides. α · Tr = α · T _srf − (α / Hr) · H (Ta ^* )
_{^{+ (Α · A / Hr)}} · V air n · (T srf -Ta) Furthermore, ^0.5 - this both sides β _· Ta-γ · ^{V air}
(T _skin -Ta) is added.

Then, α · Tr + β · Ta−γ · V _air ^0.5 · (T
_{skin -Ta) = α · T srf} + β · Ta- (α / H
r) · H (Ta ^* ) + (α · A / Hr) · V _air ⁿ ·
^{_{(T srf -Ta) -γ · V}} air 0.5 · (T
_skin -Ta) . _Further, consider a ^{_V air 0.5} ≒ ^V _airo ⁿ
Therefore, the above equation is expressed as follows . Α · Tr + β · Ta−γ · V _air ^0.5 · (T _skin −Ta) = α · T _{s rf} + β · Ta− (α / Hr) · H (Ta ^* ) + _{V air} ⁿ · _{[(α · a / Hr) ·} (T srf -Ta) -γ (T skin -Ta) ] a... (9-1).

Equation (1) with the left and right sides interchanged is
Equation (1-1) is used. α · Tr + β · Ta−γ · V _air ^0.5 · (T _skin −Ta) = T _AVR (1-1) Here, equation (1-1) and equation (9-1) are arranged. And the following
Become like α · Tr + β · Ta−γ · V _air ^0.5 · (T _skin −Ta) = T _AVR (1-1) α · Tr + β · Ta−γ · V _air ^0.5 · (T _skin −Ta) _{) = α · T s rf +} B · Ta- (α / Hr) · H (Ta *) · + V air n _{[(α · A / Hr) ·} (T srf -Ta) -γ (T skin -Ta) ] ... (9-1) It turns out that the left sides of both formulas are exactly the same. Sand
That is, when the right side of the equation (9-1) is measured, the evaluation index T
_This means that the same thing as _AVR can be obtained.

Therefore, it is necessary to measure the right side of equation (9-1).
Means that the value of T _AVR is not a defined expression
By using T _AVR ^* , the following equation (10) is obtained. ^{_{T AVR * = α · T srf}} + β · Ta- (α / Hr) ·
H (Ta ^* ) + V _air ⁿ · [(α · A / Hr) · (T
_{srf -Ta) -γ (T skin -Ta} ) ] ^{_{T AVR * = α · T srf}} + β · Ta- (α / Hr) · H (Ta *) + V ai r n · {(α · A / Hr) · T _srf -[(α · A / Hr) -γ] · Ta-γ · T _skin ｝ ·· (10) In this equation (10), (α / Hr) = a ₁ , (α ·
A / Hr) = a ₂ , [(α · A / Hr) −γ] = a ₃ ,
If −γ · T _skin = a ₄ , the above equation (5) is
It will be derived.

[0030]

As apparent from the above description, the book
According to the invention, the sensor temperature _{T srf} a certain temperature Ta ^*
Does not require a closed-loop control function to match
Equipment configuration is simplified, promoting small size, light weight and low price
Can be Also, by obtaining the specific temperature Ta ^* ,
Control as providing heater power H (Ta ^* )
Improve responsiveness to indoor environments by eliminating the effects of characteristics
It becomes possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a block diagram showing the computation unit in thermal sensation computing device shown in FIG.

Is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a thermal sensation computation device according to the present invention; FIG.

3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the environment measuring unit using the ellipsoidal shape and a cylindrical module body
You .

FIG. 4 is an external perspective view of an environment measuring unit using an elliptical spherical and cylindrical module main body.

[Explanation of Signs ] 1 ... Thermal sensation calculation device, 3 ... Calculation unit, 3-1 ... Specific temperature
Arithmetic unit, 3-2: Heater power arithmetic unit, 3-3: Evaluation finger
Numerical calculation unit, 5 ... Environmental measurement unit, 5-11 ... Module book
Body, 5-12: heater, 5-13: surface temperature sensor
6; temperature sensor; 7: airflow sensor.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A thermal sensation calculation device provided for an environment measurement unit having a heating means capable of changing a sensor temperature T _srf , wherein a specific temperature Ta ^* is determined based on an air temperature Ta provided via a temperature sensor. A specific temperature calculating means for calculating the thermal energy H (T) without receiving feedback of the sensor temperature _Tsrf based on the specific temperature Ta ^*.
a ^* ), and the calculated heat energy H (Ta ^* )
Means for supplying heat energy to the heating means, the temperature Ta, the specific temperature Ta ^* , and the sensor temperature T.
_srf, the thermal energy H (Ta ^*) and thermal sensation arithmetic apparatus characterized by comprising a thermal sensation calculating means for calculating a thermal sensation based on the air flow velocity v _air to be granted through the air flow sensor.