JP2617276B2 - Mounting method for lifting equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mounting device in a lifting device capable of securely and quickly mounting a heavy-weight large structure at a lifting portion by a simple operation in a short time. About the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an example of lifting a large structure by a lifting device, a large crane such as a stiffening girder is used to construct a large bridge having a capacity of several hundred tons using a large crane. A lifting method is used. Such a lifting method is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 63-591.
A lifting device as disclosed in JP-A-91 (first example) and JP-A-63-17758 (second example) is used.

[0003] The first example includes a plurality of lifting cables for supporting an aerial load of a suspended body such as a submersible, as described in the section of the utility model registration claim on page 289 of the publication. An automatic attachment / detachment hardware is provided at the lower end of each of the lifting ropes and is formed to be vertically movable using a tether cable as a guide. An engaging portion is provided for engaging the engaging clutch on the upper part of the fitting, and the engaging clutch is automatically engaged with the engaging portion, and is engaged and disengaged by remote control from the diving machine side. It is a suspension device having a configuration provided with a means.

In the second example, as described in the claims section of the utility model on page 371 of the publication, the tow body attached to the mother ship is towed with an extra-long tow cable via a cable-end connecting hardware. A towing winch to be driven, and a swiveling crane that is established on the mother ship in the vicinity of the towing winch at an appropriate distance and automatically expands and contracts in response to a change in cable tension. In the towed body dumping apparatus for dumping and recovering the towed body with less vertical and lateral swings, the upper end is detachably fixed to a rotary brake unit of a hydraulic winch 18 attached to a tip of a jib of the crane. A rotation device 3 that rotates around a hard shaft in the opposite direction at the same angle in conjunction with the rotation of the crane.
The upper frame 1 is attached to the lower end thereof, and the upper end thereof is pivotally suspended by the rotating device 3 via a vertical pin 5 '. Suppressing rotation is allowed, and a detachable hardware 7 to be described later is pivotally suspended at the rear end of the lower part via the horizontal pin 7 ′, and the towing cable extending from the tip connecting hardware is wrapped around the front end. A lower frame 5 in which a sheave 6 for leading to the tow winch 21 is pivoted via a horizontal pin, and an upper end of the lower frame pivotally suspended by a horizontal pin 7 ′ to open and close a pair of left and right fixed hardware 15. A detachable hardware having a hydraulic cylinder and having automatic locking means for locking and locking the cable tip hardware 16 with a fixed hardware 15 in conjunction with the contact of the towing body, and on both sides of the lower frame 5 respectively. Attached and detachable hardware 7 A pair of left and right hydraulic cylinders 9 for rotatingly urging the metal fitting 7 around the horizontal pin 7 ′ so that a guide sheave 10 pivotally attached to the section via a horizontal pin abuts on the towing cable. It is a dumping device with a configuration provided with.

[0005]

Both of these prior arts are devices intended for relatively light objects of at most several tens tons even when the object to be lifted is heavy, and several hundred tons.
It is not suitable as a device for lifting large structures of ton to a height of several tens of meters. In addition, the apparatus equipped with a lifting device is suitable for lifting at a height of several meters in close proximity to the object to be lifted, and there are almost no restrictions on sea surface usage conditions, and sea conditions (tidal velocities, waves, etc.) ) Is limited to lifting under the assumption that the effect is small, and when used in a method of lifting a large bridge girder above the sea, the conditions of use on the sea surface are severely restricted, and when working under severe sea conditions, It takes a long time to mount a large-sized lifting bracket, and the problem of relying on a lot of human power is unavoidable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to reduce the required time while ensuring that a large-sized lifting bracket is guided to a predetermined location and that it is mounted on a large-sized structure. An object of the present invention is to rationalize the lifting work of a shaped structure.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a large-sized structure is provided in which a connecting means consisting of a pair of male and female fittings is lowered by a lifting device and attached to a metal fitting fixed to a large structure. In lifting an object, at least one guide rope is wound around a pulley and extended to both sides, one of which is suspended by a vertically movable weight via a pulley and wound on a winch, and the other is an end thereof. , One hanging metal fitting of the connecting means is attached to the hanging means, and the hanging metal fitting is lowered by lowering the winch and attached to the hanging metal fitting, and then the other lifting metal fitting of the connecting means attached to the wire rope of the lifting device. Is lowered along the guide rope and fitted into one lifting fitting.

Further, according to the present invention, a pair of guide ropes are extended in parallel, a pair of arms are connected to both lower ends, and each arm is swingably pivotally connected to one lifting bracket of the connecting means.
A pair of arms and one lifting bracket constitute two parallelogram links using the male / female fitting member of the lifting bracket as a common link.

[0009]

According to the present invention, when a large structure such as a bridge girder transported by a transport barge or the like is lifted directly below the lifting device, first, one of the connecting means consisting of a male and female fitting fitting is provided. Is lifted down by the guide cable and attached to the hanging fixture fixed to the large structure. In this case, since the weight of the guide rope is balanced with the weight, an appropriate constant tension is set without being excessive, and the guide rope is formed so as to be able to absorb vertical swing. The worker can lightly and quickly mount the hanging bracket and one of the lifting brackets.

[0010] When this mounting is completed, the other lifting metal fitting in the connecting means attached to the wire rope of the lifting device is lowered along the guide rope which is tensioned by a constant tension, and reaches one lifting metal fitting located below. It is integrated by male and female fitting. By performing the guiding action by the guide cable in this manner, the male and female fitting of the two lifting metal fittings can be performed automatically and reliably without requiring any manual operation. In this case, a pair of arms connected to both lower ends of the pair of guide ropes and one lifting metal of the connecting means form two parallelogrammatic links having the male and female fitting members of the lifting metal as a common link. With this configuration, the male / female fitting member of the other lifting metal fitting that is guided by the guide rope and descends has its fitting axis always coaxial with the coaxial line of the mating male / female fitting member. Will be maintained, and thus the gender mating will be performed more reliably.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one system of a lifting device realized by a lifting crane 3 according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows an outline of a bridge girder lifting method performed by the lifting device shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, between two main ropes 1 stretched in parallel on the sea,
Beam 2 consisting of tower side beam 2A and center beam 2B
Are provided so as to be able to move on the main rope 1 in parallel so as to be straddled. A lifting device 3 realized by a lifting crane is mounted on the beam 2, and each crane 3 is provided with a lifting wire rope 9 lowered from a position near both ends of the beam 2. Thus, the stiffening girders 5 mounted on the barge are lifted while being held substantially horizontally by the lifting hardware 10 attached to the lower ends of the four wire ropes 9.

The stiffening girder 5 is formed in an erection block having a “box-shaped cross section” in cross section, and has a high weight of about 500 tons per unit. This stiffening girder 5 is, for example, 2,000 to
Mounted on a barge 4 with a loading weight of 3,000t,
It is guided to the lifting position immediately below the lifting crane 3. The barge 4 is formed as a self-propelled barge, and two or more propulsion units 11, for example, two at the front and rear, a total of four propulsion units 11 are provided at the lower part of the boat, and Is provided with a ship operating room 12. In the cab 12, a control device for controlling each propulsion device 11, an automatic route guidance device, and an automatic fixed point holding device are provided in the room.

The propulsion device 11 includes a propulsion device formed by concentrically storing a propeller in a duct. The propulsion device has an axis that is horizontal at the lower part of the main body of the barge 4 and is orthogonal to the axis. It is attached to the barge 4 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. The propulsion device 11 having such a structure is called a full-rotation type propulsion device. The propeller shaft of each propulsion device is directed at a desired angle with respect to the longitudinal centerline of the barge 4. By controlling the rotation of the propeller, the direction and magnitude of the propulsion force can be adjusted, and the barge 4 can move forward, backward, and turn.

On the other hand, although not shown in detail, the steering device includes a propulsion unit drive unit and a display unit, and includes a steering wheel,
It is equipped with a compound steering handle consisting of a forward / reverse lever, an operating device such as a main control lever, and an automatic / manual switching device. The display unit is provided with various instruments corresponding to the propulsion unit 11 such as a main engine rotation indicator, a turning angle indicator, and a clutch retention indicator.

Although the automatic route guidance device is not shown,
With the target of a route set in advance for each lifting point and the speed to arrive at the target lifting point along the route within a predetermined time, the position signal is fed back to the barge 4 according to the target. It is configured to control the route and speed. On the other hand, the automatic fixed point holding device accurately guides the barge 4 to the lifting point after arriving near the target lifting point, and checks that the position of the barge 4 moves due to disturbance such as wind and tide. This is for the purpose of preventing, and the same effect as holding the barge by the anchor can be achieved by controlling the four propulsion units 11. Specifically, the lifting position information corresponding to the lifting point is selected and the position information is input as the target value, while the hull position and azimuth of the barge 4 are actually A deviation from a target value is calculated by being input as a value, and the propulsion forces and the turning angles of the four propulsion units 11 are controlled so that the deviation becomes zero. further,
Thus, in addition to the feedback position control of the barge 4,
In order to minimize the movement of the barge 4 when the wind and the tidal current fluctuate, feedforward control for the wind and the tidal current is also used. That is, the wind pressure and the tidal force are calculated from the wind data and the tidal data, and the
The thrust to which the vector of the propulsion device 11 for canceling this force is added is calculated by the calculating means, and the thrust and the turning angle are further adjusted.

As described above, after being guided to the vicinity of the lifting point by the automatic route guidance device, the stiffening girder 5 mounted on the barge 4 held at a fixed point immediately below the lifting point by the automatic fixed point holding device is: It is lifted by the lifting crane 3 to the bridge construction position above. The lifting crane 3 is, as shown in FIG. 1, a fixed-side eight-stage sheave block 61 having eight sheaves attached to the beam 2, and a loading provided below the sheave block 61 in pairs. One end is fixed to the loading block 62, and 16 reciprocating loops are wound around the fixed-side sheave 61 and the movable-side eight-type sheave block 65 provided in the loading block 62. A wire rope 9 wound around a main winding device (not shown) whose other end is installed in a tower supporting the main rope 1.
And a winch 66 for adjusting the length of the guide rope provided on the beam 2, and a pulley 67A wound around the winch 66
67D, two guide ropes 64 extending parallel and downward along the wire rope 9 via the weight 68, and a pair of swingable rods connected to the lower ends of the two guide ropes 64 Male lifting bracket 10A supported by a simple arm 71
And a female lifting tool 10B attached to the lower end of the loading block 62.

The pair of guide ropes 64 is composed of two pulleys 67B.
After the weight 68 is suspended via the pulley 67D and wound on a pulley 67A disposed above the sheave block 61, the weight 68 is lowered so as to sandwich the block 61, and It extends downward through the through hole of each guide piece 72 to be mounted. A light weight is attached to the lower end of the guide rope 64, and the point of attachment to the arm 71 can be easily connected by a pin.

FIGS. 3 to 5 show a male-side lifting bracket 10A.
Is shown in a plan view, a front view, and a right side view. Also,
FIGS. 6 to 8 show a plan view, a front view, and a right side view of the structure of the female lifting tool 10B. Further, FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a fitting state of both metal fittings 10A and 10B, and FIG.
0 shows a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. The pair of male lifting hardware 10A and female lifting hardware 10B constitute a connecting means realized by the lifting hardware 10 that can be male and female fitted.

A male fixture 7A is provided with a fixing hardware 7A.
7 and a male-side fitting member realized by the male hardware 69. The fixing hardware 77 is composed of a pair of thick steel plates 77A, a rib steel plate 77B, and a pair of connecting steel plates 77A having a substantially T-shape.
C, and the respective plates 77A, 77B, 77C are assembled and integrated into a substantially H-shaped cross section by welding or the like. A pin hole for connecting the male hardware 69 is provided at the center of the thick steel plate 77A, and a girder hanging bracket 73 fixed to the stiffening girder 5 by welding is provided at the center of the connecting steel plate 77C. A pin hole for connecting a pin to the hanging metal fitting is provided. The male fitting 69 is formed in a roughly mushroom-shaped steel body in which a head 69B having a substantially truncated cone shape is integrally provided at the upper end of the shaft portion 69A. The lower end of the shaft portion 69A is formed in a flat shape, and a pin hole is provided in the center of the flat portion.
Thus, pins are joined to the central portions of the pair of thick steel plates 77A.

The male side lifting bracket 10A is connected to both lower ends of the two guide ropes 64 by a pair of arms 71. As shown in FIG.
1, the lower ends are rotatably connected to both shoulders of the steel plate 77A, respectively, while the upper ends are respectively connected to both lower ends of the guide cable 64. The lower ends of the pair of arms 71 are further linked to each other by a pair of link members 81. The link member 81 is link-coupled to the pair of arms 71 so as to have the same length between the connection points at the shoulders of the thick steel plate 77A as the length between the connection points. 69 shaft 69A
Is rotatably connected via a pin.

As described above, the arm 71 and the link member 8
In the male-side lifting metal fitting 10A connected to the pair of guide ropes 64 by 1, the pair of arms 71 and the male hardware 69 always keep their axes parallel. That is, as is apparent from FIG. 4, the three equal length link portions L ₁ and the four equal length link portions L ₂ have a structure of linking, and are formed by a part of the shaft portion 69 </ _b > A of the male hardware 69. two parallelogram link that links portions L ₁ and the common link is formed. With this configuration, even if the pair of arms 71 are on the extension of the hanging guide cable 64 and face in any direction, the male hardware 69
Means that the axis is always kept parallel to the two arms 71 in the same direction at the same distance from each other, so that the fitting with the counterpart female metal piece 70 to be brought closer can be ensured as described later. It is possible.

On the other hand, the female side lifting metal fitting 10B includes a counter weight 78 suspended from the loading block 62 and a female side fitting member realized by the female metal fitting 70. A pair of arms 82 are swingably suspended from the shaft of the sheave block 65 in the loading block 62. A counter weight 78 is attached to an intermediate portion between the pair of arms 82 in a horizontal direction. At the lower ends of the pair of arms 82, a female metal piece 70 is vertically suspended so as to swing about a horizontal axis. The female metal part 70 is formed of a large-diameter round steel bar, and has a cylindrical hole at an appropriate depth from which a male metal part 69 can be loosely inserted from the lower end surface side.

The female fitting 70 is further provided with a locking means 83 for fixing the fitted male fitting 69 so as not to fall off. A plurality of, for example, three locking means 83 having the same structure are provided around the cylindrical wall of the cylindrical hole at equal frequency divisions. The locking means 83 is formed by an engaging claw 84 pivotally supported by the female hardware 70 with a pin, and a spring 85 provided between the lower end of the engaging claw 84 and the body of the female hardware 70. Is done. The engaging claw 84 is used for the female hardware 7.
0 extends obliquely upward from the torso toward the axis of the cylindrical hole, the lower end is pivotally supported by the torso by the pin, and the spring 85 swings the upper end in a direction to approach the axis. In the free state, the stopper mechanism keeps a constant obliquely upward angle as shown in FIG.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show the fitting state of such a female hardware 70. When the male hardware 69 approaches and the head 69B enters the cylindrical hole, the head 69B is inserted. As a result, the engaging claw 84 is pushed up against the spring force, and when the head 69B enters and the maximum diameter portion passes through the upper end of the engaging claw 84, the engaging claw 84
The original diagonally upward state is duplicated by the spring force. Therefore, the engagement claws 84 are brought into the state shown in FIG. 9 in which the male fittings 69 are engaged with the necks of the male fittings 69, so that the male fittings 69 cannot be pulled out in a fully-filled state.
Once the male and female are mated, the mating cannot be released unless the engaging claw 84 is removed by the attached releasing means.

FIG. 11 shows two lifting brackets 10A and 10B.
Are shown in sequence.

The lifting of the stiffening girder 5 by the lifting crane 3 shown in FIG. 1 is performed as described below. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 11, as the barge 4 on which the stiffening girder 5 is mounted approaches the erection point, which is the lifting position immediately below the lifting crane 3, the main winding devices of the four lifting cranes 3. And the winch 66 is driven so that each of the loading blocks 62 and the guide
4. Lower 4 to a suitable height.

In this state, the barge 4 moves and is guided so as to correctly match the erection point. At the time of this guidance, referring to FIG. 1, a target (target) 75 is provided at a predetermined position on the upper surface of the stiffening girder 5 to which a girder with a girder 73 is fixed at four predetermined positions on the upper surface. , And a positioning CC to be attached to the beam 2 downward.
The target 75 is detected by the D camera 74, and positioning is performed after confirming that the target 75 is located within a circular area having a radius of, for example, 5 m centered vertically below the CCD camera 74. In this case, the detection can be easily performed by notifying the detection signal of the CCD camera 74 to the operator in the cockpit 12 by wireless communication between workers or by wireless communication. When the lifting center of each wire rope 9 and each girder with a girder 73 attached to the stiffening girder 5 are aligned or substantially aligned, the fixed point holding device described above is operated,
The barge 4 is held at a fixed point.

Next, each winch 66 and each wire rope 9 are driven to the lowering side, and the guide cable 64 and the female side lifting metal fitting 10B are lowered on the stiffening girder 5, and the guide cable 64 is relaxed. Under the state, the worker is connected to the pair of arms 71 of the male-side lifting metal fitting 10A.

When this connection is completed, each winch 66 is slightly driven to the winding side to tension the loosened guide line 64 to apply tension and stop the winding (FIG. 11).
(See (1)). Subsequently, the loading blocks 62 are lowered by lowering the wire ropes 9. Since the loading block 62 is lowered by being guided by the guide cable 64 as shown in FIG. 11 (2), the female hardware 70 of the female lifting hardware 10B provided in the block 62 includes the male lifting hardware 10A. The male fitting 69 is lowered without causing axial misalignment while maintaining the coaxial relationship with the male metal piece 69, and is securely engaged with the male and female to be mounted (FIG. 11 (3)).
reference).

When the mounting of the lifting hardware 10 is completed in this way, the lashing of the stiffening girder 5 is removed, and then each wire rope 9 is slightly wound up for waist cutting.
This winding is performed for about several minutes, and the winding of each wire rope 9 is adjusted so that the stiffening girder 5 is kept horizontal (see FIG. 11 (4)). During this time, since the guiding rope 64 has completed its role of guiding, the tension is slightly reduced, and the guiding rope 64 is wound up with the subsequent winding of the wire rope 9.

When the hoisting is completed, the barge 4
Is completed, the movement is started, and the barge 4 is moved out of the route. As each of the wire ropes 9 is continuously wound up in a synchronized manner, the stiffening girders 5 are gradually lifted while keeping the horizontal level, and the winding is completed when the stiffening girders 5 reach a predetermined level.

[0032]

As described above, according to the present invention, the mounting of the connecting means can be carried out reliably without causing a positional deviation due to the guidance of the guide cable, and thus the automatic mounting by unmanned operation is possible. In addition, since it can be realized by a one-touch method by male and female fitting, it is simple and workability is remarkably improved.

Further, according to the present invention, since the weight of the guide rope is balanced by the weight, it is possible to apply a constant tension to the guide rope and to reliably guide the connecting means. It can also absorb vertical movements affected by waves and the like, and can be adapted to work at sea. further,
The connecting means consisting of a pair of lifting fittings can be easily made large, and the lifting work of a large structure can be simplified, and the work efficiency can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view showing a lifting device 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a lifting method using the lifting device 3 shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a male side lifting bracket 10A in the lifting device 3 shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a front view of a male side lifting bracket 10A in the lifting device 3 shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a right side view of the male lifting hardware 10A in the lifting device 3 shown in FIG. 1;

6 is a plan view of a female-side lifting bracket 10B in the lifting device 3 shown in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a female-side lifting bracket 10B in the lifting device 3 shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a right side view of a female lifting tool 10B in the lifting device 3 shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 shows two lifting brackets 10A, 1 shown in FIGS.
It is sectional drawing which shows the fitting state of 0B.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 shows two lifting brackets 10A shown in FIGS.
It is a sequential explanatory view of the mounting procedure of 10B.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 3 Lifting crane 5 Stiffening girder 9 Wire rope 10 Lifting bracket 10A Male lifting bracket 10B Female lifting bracket 61 Fixed side sheave block 62 Loading block 64 Guide rope 65 Movable sheave block 66 Winch 67A-67D Pulley 68 Weight 69 Male hardware 70 Female hardware 71 Arm 72 Guide piece 73 Hanger with girder 77 Fixed hardware 81 Link member 83 Locking means

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor, Etsuro Onishi 8th, Niijima, Harima-cho, Kako-gun, Hyogo Prefecture Inside the Harima Plant, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. No. 1 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd. Kobe Plant (56) References Japanese Utility Model 1-62187 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model 59-120789 (JP, U) Special Publication 49-30076 (JP, B1) Japanese Special Publication A1 47-36057 (JP, B1) JP-B-45-33022 (JP, B1)

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] When a large-sized structure is lifted by lowering a connecting means consisting of a pair of lifting fittings capable of fitting both sexes with a lifting device and mounting the hanging means fixed to the large-sized structure. The guide rope of the book is wound around a pulley and extended to both sides, one is suspended by a lift so as to be able to ascend and descend via a pulley and wound around a winch, and the other is one lifting metal fitting of a connecting means at its end. The hanging fitting is lowered by lowering the winch and attached to the hanging fitting, and then the other lifting fitting of the connecting means attached to the wire rope of the lifting device is lowered along the guide cable. do it,
A mounting method in a lifting device, wherein the mounting method is fitted to one lifting bracket. 2. A pair of guide ropes are extended in parallel, a pair of arms are connected to both lower ends, and each arm is swingably pivoted to one lifting bracket of the connecting means. 2. The mounting method according to claim 1, wherein one of the lifting fittings constitutes two parallelogrammatic links having the male and female fitting members of the lifting fitting as a common link.