JP2611452B2 - Keying power and keying timing correction device for automatic performance piano - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a keypad for an automatic performance piano, which can reproduce an automatic performance automatically without being affected by the dynamic characteristics of the individual striking mechanisms of the automatic performance piano. The present invention relates to a force and keying timing correction device.

"Prior art" The operation of an automatic performance piano is recorded on the automatic performance piano from a floppy disk or the like, or
There is a playback automatic performance mode in which performance information stored in another automatic performance piano is read, and a solenoid for driving a key is driven in accordance with the read performance information to perform a playback automatic performance.

By the way, in the reproduction automatic performance mode, the performance information stored in a floppy disk or the like must be reproduced as faithfully as possible. However, the dynamic characteristics of the stringing mechanism are unique to each automatic performance piano. Also, it is difficult to make the characteristics of the solenoid that drives the key uniform,
Solenoid drive signal and actual displacement amount, that is, sounding timing,
The relationship between the sound dead time and the volume is not linear.

For this reason, there has been a problem that even if the performance information stored using one automatic performance piano is used to automatically perform playback on another automatic performance piano, the key operation at the time of storage cannot be faithfully reproduced.

Therefore, conventionally, in order to correct the dynamic characteristics of each string striking mechanism and to correct the solenoid drive signal at the time of automatic reproduction, a solenoid drive signal (hereinafter referred to as touch data TD) and a string striking speed (hereinafter referred to as get data) are used. GD).

Then, in order to create this correction table, first,
A hammer position sensor including a photo interrupter or an optical fiber sensor that detects the passage position of the hammer is provided in proximity to the hammer shank corresponding to the 88 keys,
On the other hand, each hammer shank is provided with a shutter that blocks light emitted from the hammer position sensor. Then, the 88 keys are sequentially driven by a predetermined solenoid drive signal, and the respective hammer position sensors determine the respective string striking speeds by the time at which the hammer passes at two points within the movable range of the hammer. The correction table of the touch data TD and the get data GD was created.

[Problem to be Solved by the Invention] By the way, in the above-described conventional keying power and keying timing correction apparatus for an automatic performance piano, it is necessary to provide a hammer position sensor for every 88 keys in order to create a correction table. there were. As a result, the configuration of the apparatus becomes complicated, and in particular, in an automatic performance piano dedicated to automatic playback, there is a drawback that the number of manufacturing steps increases due to an increase in the number of parts.

In addition, there is a disadvantage that positioning for each hammer position sensor, that is, a mechanical adjustment step increases, and reliability decreases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a keying power and keying timing correction device for an automatic performance piano that has a simple configuration, has high reliability, and is capable of performing playback automatic performance extremely faithfully. It is an object.

"Means for Solving the Problems" A key-strength correction device for an automatic performance piano according to the present invention comprises:
In an automatic performance piano keying force correction device that corrects the keying force of a key based on a correction value set in advance, a driving unit that drives a key with a keying force corresponding to a predetermined reference volume, Converting means for converting a sound actually generated by driving the key by the driving means into an electric signal; and sound volume extracting means for obtaining a sound volume of the actually generated sound based on the electric signal converted by the converting means. A deviation calculating unit that calculates a deviation between the reference volume and the volume obtained by the volume extracting unit; and an updating unit that updates the correction value based on the deviation calculated by the deviation calculating unit. It is characterized by.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided an automatic performance piano keying timing correction apparatus for correcting a key tapping timing based on a preset correction value during an automatic performance. A driving unit for driving a key at a keying timing corresponding to the timing, a converting unit for converting a sound actually generated by driving the key by the driving unit into an electric signal, and Sounding timing extracting means for obtaining the sounding timing of the actually generated sound; deviation calculating means for calculating a deviation between the reference sounding timing and the sounding timing extracted by the sounding timing extracting means; and the deviation calculating means. And updating means for updating the correction value based on the calculated deviation. That.

Further, according to the present invention, there is provided an automatic performance piano keying force and keying timing correction device for correcting the keying power and keying timing of a key based on a correction value set in advance during an automatic performance. In the timing correction device, a key driving force corresponding to a predetermined reference volume and a key driving timing corresponding to a key reference timing corresponding to a predetermined reference sounding timing; and a drive actually generated by driving the key by the driving unit. To an electric signal, a sound volume extracting means for obtaining a sound volume of the actually generated sound based on the electric signal converted by the converting means, and an electric signal converted by the converting means. Sounding timing extracting means for obtaining the sounding timing of the actually generated sound; and the reference sound volume and the sound volume extracting means. The difference between the volume that was required and,,
Deviation calculating means for calculating a deviation between the reference sounding timing and the sounding timing extracted by the sounding timing extracting means, and a deviation calculated by the deviation calculating means,
Updating means for updating the correction value.

[Operation] According to the keying force correcting device for an automatic performance piano according to the present invention, when the driving unit drives the key with the keying force corresponding to the predetermined reference volume, the converting unit converts the sound actually generated by the driving. Convert to electrical signals. The sound volume extracting means obtains the sound volume of the actually generated sound based on the converted electric signal. Then, the deviation calculating means calculates a deviation between the reference sound volume and the sound volume obtained by the sound volume extracting means, and the updating means,
Based on the deviation, the correction value for correcting the keying force during the automatic performance is updated.

According to the keying timing correction device for an automatic performance piano according to the present invention, when the driving unit drives the key at the keying timing corresponding to the predetermined reference sounding timing, the converting unit converts the sound actually generated by the driving. Convert to electrical signals. The sounding timing extracting means obtains the sounding timing of the actually generated sound based on the converted electric signal. The deviation calculating means calculates a deviation between the reference sounding timing and the sounding timing extracted by the sounding timing extracting means, and the updating means calculates a correction value for keying timing correction during automatic performance based on the difference. To update.

Further, according to the keying power and keying timing correction device of the automatic performance piano according to the present invention, the driving unit drives the key with the keying power corresponding to the predetermined reference volume and the keying timing corresponding to the predetermined reference sounding timing. ,
The conversion means converts a sound actually generated by the driving into an electric signal. The sound volume extraction means obtains the sound volume of the actually generated sound based on the converted electric signal, and the sound generation timing extraction means calculates the sound generation timing of the actually generated sound based on the converted electric signal. Ask. And
The deviation calculating means calculates a deviation between the reference sound volume and the sound volume obtained by the sound volume extracting means, and a deviation between the reference sounding timing and the sounding timing extracted by the sounding timing extracting means. Based on this, the correction value for keying force correction and the correction value for keying timing correction during automatic performance are updated.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of an automatic performance piano to which a keying force and keying timing correction device of an automatic performance piano according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a configuration of a main part of the embodiment. FIG. In these figures, the automatic performance piano 1 has a keyboard composed of a plurality of keys 2, a stringing mechanism 4 for transmitting the movement of each key 2 to a hammer 3, a string 5 struck by the hammer 3, It has a pedal mechanism 6 and a pedal mechanism driving device 7 for driving the pedal mechanism 6.

Further, the key 2 is swingable about the balance pin 8. When the key 2 is pressed or the plunger projects from the solenoid 9 and the key 2 is rotated, this movement is struck. The power is transmitted to the hammer 3 via the string mechanism 4. As a result, the hammer 3 rotates rightward in the drawing, and the strings are struck. The string 5 is wound around a tuning pin 11 and a hitch pin 12 fixed to the frame 10.

Further, a piece 14 fixed to a soundboard 13 is in contact with the string 5. As a result, the string 5 vibrates when struck, and the vibration is transmitted to the soundboard 13 via the piece 14, and as a result,
13 vibrates and produces sound.

In addition, the control device 15 includes a main microcomputer 16 that controls each unit of the device, and an RA in which a correction table and the like are stored.
M17 and a storage device (not shown) such as a floppy disk drive are provided, and the solenoid 9 and the pedal mechanism driving device 7 are driven via the driving circuit 18 based on MIDI signals read from the storage device.

The soundboard 13 has a piezoelectric sensor 19 for detecting this vibration.
The signal processing circuit 20 processes an output signal of the piezoelectric sensor 19, and transfers a signal corresponding to reproduction performance information such as a volume, a sounding time, and a sound stopping time to the control device 15.

 Next, details of the signal processing circuit 20 will be described.

The amplifier 21 amplifies the output signal of the piezoelectric sensor 19 to a predetermined level, and then supplies the output signal to the filter 22. Filter 22
Removes a high frequency component from the output signals S ₁ of the amplifier 21 is supplied to the peak hold circuit 23 and the differentiating circuit 24. The peak hold circuit 23 holds the maximum level of the input signal, and corresponds to this level, that is, a signal corresponding to the volume.
Supplying S ₃ to the controller 15. The differentiating circuit 24 outputs the signal
S ₂ is differentiated, and the differentiated signal S ₄ is supplied to the amplifier 25. The amplifier 25 amplifies the signal S ₄ to a predetermined level, to the control unit 15 a signal S ₅ corresponding to timing and sound stop timing pronunciation.

In such a configuration, the main microcomputer 16 transmits the keying force (that is, the solenoid drive signal) and the sound volume (that is, the stringing speed), the sound-stopping time and the sounding time (hereinafter, collectively referred to as get data GD). The operation of updating the correction table will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. When the power is turned on, the main microcomputer 16 first proceeds to the process of step S1, substitutes 1 for a variable KN corresponding to each of the 88 keys 2,
Proceed to step S2.

In step S2, a preset solenoid drive signal
A command to supply TD to the solenoid 9 is transferred to the drive circuit 18. As a result, the drive circuit 18 supplies a constant solenoid drive signal TD shown in FIG. Accordingly, the plunger protrudes from the solenoid 9 to rotate the key 2, and this movement causes the string striking mechanism 4 to perform an operation like a waveform shown in FIG. 4C, and the movement is transmitted to the hammer 3. As a result, the hammer 3 rotates rightward in FIG. 1 and the strings are struck.

Incidentally, FIG. 4 (a) is a waveform illustrating the pronunciation time t _ONR and sounding stop timing t _OFFR during play recording real-time, Fig. (D) shows the timing pronounce playback automatic performance t _ONP and sounding stop It is a waveform which shows time _tOFFP . The time difference between the _{tone generation} time t _ONR at the time of performance recording and the _{tone generation} time t _ONP at the time of automatic reproduction performance is 500 msec.

Here, each parameter shown in FIG. 4 will be described.

First, the parameters TKA ₁ and DKA ₁ and TKA ₂ and DK
A ₂ is a parameter associated with NOTE ON signal of the MIDI signal. Among them, the parameters TKA ₁ and DKA ₁ are data for preventing the plunger's own weight cancellation of the solenoid 9 and the initial keying noise, and the parameters TKA ₂ and DKA ₁
DKA ₂ , which is data (including variations) for ensuring stable keying by canceling the own weight of key 2.

Next, the parameters TKTC and DKTC are
It is a parameter related to the CITY signal, and is basic data for determining the stringing volume.

In addition, the parameters TKR _{1 and} DKR ₁ and TKR ₂ and DK
R ₂ is a parameter associated with NOTE OFF signal of the MIDI signal, smoothing out fluctuations and bouncing when the key 2 returns a data to stabilize the next keystroke.

In addition, the parameter TKAD is time data from the start of energization to the solenoid 9 to the sound generation time, and the parameter TKRD is time data from the energization cutoff to the sound stop time of the solenoid 9.

The parameter DKST is data for holding the key 2, and the parameter TKIN is interval time data between the on and off of the solenoid 9 determined by the response of the stringing mechanism 4.

The string 5 vibrates when struck, and the vibration is
The sound is transmitted to the soundboard 13 via the sound board 13, and as a result, the soundboard 13 vibrates and generates sound.

When soundboard 13 is vibrated, signals S ₁ shown from the amplifier 21 in FIG. 5 (a) is output. Signal S ₁ is started vibrating in pronunciation time t _ONP, vibration amplitude at time t _P is the maximum. Then, as the time elapses, the vibration amplitude gradually decreases, and the vibration stops at the _sound stop time t _OFFP . When the signal S ₁ is supplied to the filter 22, where the signals S ₁ is the high-frequency component is removed, FIG. 5 (b) as shown in a signal S ₂
Is output. Next, the peak hold circuit 23 outputs the signal S ₂
Level V _P at the maximum level, ie FIG. 5 (b),
Hold a signal S ₃ corresponding to the level V _P volume (i.e., string-striking speed) is supplied to the controller 15 as.

On the other hand, the signal S ₂ is differentiated in the differentiating circuit 24, wherein a fifth diagram signal S ₄ as shown in (c) is output. Signal S ₄ is amplified by the amplifier 25, is supplied to the control device 15 as a signal S ₅ corresponding to the sound time t _ONP and sounding stop timing t _OFFP. Then, the process proceeds to step S3.

In step S3, the signal supplied from the signal processing circuit 20
Perform reading and digital processing of the S _3, the MIDI signal
While temporarily recording in RAM17 as VELOCITY signal, signal S
₅ is read and digitally processed, and the MIDI signal N
After temporarily recording in the RAM 17 as the OTE ON signal and the NOTE OFF signal, the process proceeds to step S4.

In step S4, it is determined whether or not faithful reproduction is being performed. That is, it is determined whether or not the data TD and the data GD match. That is, it is determined whether or not each of the parameters shown in FIG. 4 and the data GD obtained by the measurement have a predetermined relationship. If the result is "EYS"
Proceed to step S5.

In step S5, KN + 1 is substituted for the variable KN, and the process returns to step S2.

On the other hand, if the result of the determination in step S4 is "NO", the flow proceeds to step S6.

In step S6, the deviation of the inappropriate data is calculated.
That is, among the parameters, a deviation of data inappropriate in terms of time or volume, that is, a correction value is calculated, and then the process proceeds to step S7.

In step S7, the correction table in the RAM 17 stored in advance is updated based on the calculated deviation. At this time, at least the increase and decrease correction of the values of the parameters TKA ₁ and TKA ₂ , that is, these values are subjected to parallel movement correction with respect to the time axis,
In order to perform more appropriate correction, the following correction is performed.

First, when the sounding time is inappropriate, the values of the parameters TKA ₁ and DKA ₁ , TKA ₂ and DKA ₂ , and TKAD are corrected.

If the sound stop time is inappropriate, the values of the parameters TKR ₁ and DKR ₁ , TKR ₂ and DKR ₂ and TKRD are increased or decreased.

Further, when the volume is inappropriate, the increase / decrease correction of the values of the parameters TKTC and DKTC is performed. Then, the process proceeds to step S8.

In step S8, it is determined whether or not the variable KN is equal to 88. If the result of this determination is “NO”, the operation proceeds to step S5.

On the other hand, if the result of the determination in step S8 is "YES", that is, if all the correction tables have been updated for the 88 keys 2, a series of operations ends.

Then, the above processing is performed for the case where the keying strength is weak hit, normal hit and hard hit.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a main part of a keying force and keying timing correction device of an automatic performance piano according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 6, parts corresponding to the respective parts in FIG. Are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. In FIG. 6, instead of the piezoelectric sensor 19, a microphone is used.
26 are newly provided.

Since the operation is almost the same as that of the first embodiment, the description is omitted.

As described above, for creating a correction table,
Since only one or several sensors such as the piezoelectric sensor 19 or the microphone 26 are required, the number of components can be reduced, the manufacturing adjustment process can be reduced, and the reliability is improved. In particular, a playback-only automatic performance piano has a remarkable effect because a correction table for each key can be provided without a sensor for each key.

In addition, even if the tuning of the striking mechanism 4 is slightly deviated due to aging after shipment, as well as the factory shipment of the automatic performance piano, the correction table for each key can be updated quickly and easily, so that the best playback conditions are always maintained. Can be maintained.

Furthermore, unlike the conventional hammer position sensor, instead of indirectly and presumably obtaining the get data GD, the get data GD is directly obtained from the reproduced sound itself. Even when this keying force and keying timing correction device is provided together, more accurate reproduction performance information such as get data GD can be obtained.

Further, since the piezoelectric sensor 19 and the microphone 26 have no movable parts, their reliability is extremely high.

In the above-described embodiment, an example is described in which the correction table is created for the case where the keying strength is weak hit, normal hit, and strong hit. This is very effective because the reproduction of the data can be appropriately performed.

This is because if the accuracy of the correction table is low, it is necessary to advance the sounding start time in order to compensate for the sounding of the soft hits. May not be able to be expressed. But,
In this embodiment, there is an excellent effect that such inconvenience does not occur.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, there is an effect that the configuration is simplified. Further, there is an effect that a correction table can be created with high reliability. Therefore, there is an effect that the performance information can always be faithfully reproduced during the automatic reproduction performance.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of an automatic performance piano to which a keying force and keying timing correction device of an automatic performance piano according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a configuration of a main part of the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation in which the main microcomputer 16 updates the correction table of the data TD and the data GD, and FIG. 4 explains the operation of the main microcomputer 16 in the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of signals output from various parts of the signal processing circuit 20, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a keying force and keying timing correction device for an automatic performance piano according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a unit. 1 ... automatic performance piano, 2 ... key, 4 ... string striking mechanism, 5
... string, 9 ... solenoid, 13 ... soundboard, 14 ... piece, 15
…… Control device, 16 …… Main microcomputer, 17
…… RAM, 18 …… Drive circuit, 19 …… Piezoelectric sensor, 20 ……
Signal processing circuit, 26 ... microphone.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] An automatic performance piano keying force correction device for correcting the keying power of a key based on a correction value set in advance during an automatic performance, wherein the key is driven with a keying power corresponding to a predetermined reference volume. A driving unit, a conversion unit for converting a sound actually generated by driving the key by the driving unit into an electric signal, and a volume of the actually generated sound based on the electric signal converted by the conversion unit. Volume extracting means for calculating the reference volume, deviation calculating means for calculating a deviation between the reference volume and the volume obtained by the volume extracting means, and updating means for updating the correction value based on the deviation calculated by the deviation calculating means. A key correction device for an automatic performance piano, comprising: 2. An automatic performance piano keying timing correction device for correcting keying timing of a key based on a preset correction value during an automatic performance, wherein the key is driven at a keying timing corresponding to a predetermined reference sounding timing. Driving means, a converting means for converting a sound actually generated by driving the key by the driving means into an electric signal, and converting the actually generated sound based on the electric signal converted by the converting means. Sounding timing extracting means for obtaining sounding timing; deviation calculating means for calculating a deviation between the reference sounding timing and the sounding timing extracted by the sounding timing extracting means; and the correction based on the deviation calculated by the deviation calculating means. A keying timing correction device for an automatic performance piano, comprising: updating means for updating a value. 3. A keying force and keying timing correction device for an automatic performance piano for correcting the keying power and keying timing of a key based on a correction value set in advance during an automatic performance. A driving unit for driving a key at a force and a keying timing corresponding to a predetermined reference sounding timing; a converting unit for converting a sound actually generated by driving the key by the driving unit into an electric signal; and the converting unit. Based on the electrical signal converted by the volume extracting means for obtaining the volume of the actually generated sound, and the sounding timing of the actually generated sound based on the electrical signal converted by the converting means The desired sounding timing extracting means, a deviation between the reference sound volume and the sound volume obtained by the sound volume extracting means, and the reference sounding timing and Automatically comprising: deviation calculating means for calculating a deviation from the sounding timing extracted by the sound timing extracting means; and updating means for updating the correction value based on the deviation calculated by the deviation calculating means. A device for correcting the keying power and keying timing of a playing piano.