JP2610581B2 - Joining member having dimensional change function, joining structure and joining method using the same - Google Patents

Joining member having dimensional change function, joining structure and joining method using the same

Info

Publication number
JP2610581B2
JP2610581B2 JP6121848A JP12184894A JP2610581B2 JP 2610581 B2 JP2610581 B2 JP 2610581B2 JP 6121848 A JP6121848 A JP 6121848A JP 12184894 A JP12184894 A JP 12184894A JP 2610581 B2 JP2610581 B2 JP 2610581B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
joining
temperature
members
joined
heat treatment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP6121848A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH07304100A (en
Inventor
山 昌 利 古
谷 和 民 三
井 夛賀子 竹
多 健 二 福
Original Assignee
株式会社スリーデイコンポリサーチ
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Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社スリーデイコンポリサーチ filed Critical 株式会社スリーデイコンポリサーチ
Priority to JP6121848A priority Critical patent/JP2610581B2/en
Publication of JPH07304100A publication Critical patent/JPH07304100A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2610581B2 publication Critical patent/JP2610581B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142Single butt to butt joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/66Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses, e.g. shrinking of one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/68Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by liberation of internal stresses, e.g. shrinking of one of the parts to be joined using auxiliary shrinkable elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114Single butt joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12443Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue having the tongue substantially in the middle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1282Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one overlap joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1284Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1284Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment
    • B29C66/12841Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one butt joint-segment comprising at least two butt joint-segments
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/128Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/1286Stepped joint cross-sections comprising at least one bevelled joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/14Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections the joint having the same thickness as the thickness of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/434Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, fork connections or cross connections
    • B29C66/4342Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, e.g. for making V-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/43421Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, e.g. for making V-shaped pieces with a right angle, e.g. for making L-shaped pieces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52291Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop
    • B29C66/52292Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop said stop being internal
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/522Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5229Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket
    • B29C66/52291Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop
    • B29C66/52293Joining tubular articles involving the use of a socket said socket comprising a stop said stop being external
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/63Internally supporting the article during joining
    • B29C66/636Internally supporting the article during joining using a support which remains in the joined object
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91441Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being non-constant over time
    • B29C66/91443Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being non-constant over time following a temperature-time profile
    • B29C66/91445Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature the temperature being non-constant over time following a temperature-time profile by steps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B29C66/91921Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a joining member having a dimensional change function in which joining is performed with excellent strength at an optional working temperature by utilizing the dimensional change function of fiber reinforced composite material having thermosetting resin as a matrix. CONSTITUTION:A joining member 1 is formed in a shape to be inserted into a plurality of members 2, 3 to be joined by the fiber reinforced composite material having thermosetting resin as a matrix. The composite material is equipped with a dimensional change function in which compression stress given to the matrix at the predetermined working temperature is removed celed by heat treatment and the volume is increased. Therefor, both are strongly joined by heat treatment of the joining member 1.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、複数部材を相互に接合
するための寸法変化機能をもつ接合部材、並びにそれを
用いて上記複数部材を接合し、あるいは上記接合部材を
他の部材と接合した接合構造体及びその接合を行うため
の方法に関するものである。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a joining member having a dimensional change function for joining a plurality of members to each other, and to joining the plurality of members by using the joining member, or joining the joining member to another member. The present invention relates to a bonded structure and a method for performing the bonding.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】繊維強化複合材料を主材として各種構造
体を製作するに当たっては、該複合材料の形成後に各種
の継手方式で他の部材を接合する必要が多々存在する。
ところが、その接合箇所においては通常応力集中を伴う
ため、その付近で局所的に破壊することが多くなる。そ
のため、複合材料を各種構造体に利用するに当たっては
その接合部分の設計が重要な因子となる。
2. Description of the Related Art In manufacturing various structures using a fiber-reinforced composite material as a main material, it is often necessary to join other members by various joint methods after the formation of the composite material.
However, since the joint is usually accompanied by a stress concentration, the joint is often broken locally. Therefore, in using the composite material for various structures, the design of the joint is an important factor.

【0003】従来、複合材料の接合に適用できる方式と
しては、ボルト、リベット、ビス、ピンなどの接合金具
を用いる機械的接合法と、接着剤を用いて接合する接着
接合法とが多用されている。しかしながら、これらの方
法は、それぞれ長所、短所があり、例えば、機械的接合
法では、、高温クリープ強度が大きい、、接合強度
のばらつきが少ない、、ひきはがしに対する抵抗が大
きい、などの利点があるが、、穿孔による応力集中、
繊維切断が発生する、、重量増加がある、などの欠点
があり、また、接着接合法では、、滑らかな外面が得
られる、、部材成形との同時接着と部品点数減少によ
るコストの低減できる、という利点があるが、、ばら
つきが多く信頼性に欠ける、、接着剤の力学特性に依
存しているため、特に高温での強度に問題がある、など
の欠点がある。そのため、最善の方法として確立された
ものがなく、より優れた新しい接合方式の開発が望まれ
ている。
Conventionally, as a method applicable to joining of composite materials, a mechanical joining method using joining fittings such as bolts, rivets, screws, pins, and the like, and an adhesive joining method of joining using an adhesive have been frequently used. I have. However, each of these methods has advantages and disadvantages. For example, the mechanical joining method has advantages such as high creep strength at high temperatures, little variation in joining strength, and high resistance to peeling. However, stress concentration due to drilling,
There are drawbacks such as fiber cutting, weight increase, etc.In addition, in the adhesive bonding method, a smooth outer surface can be obtained, cost can be reduced by simultaneous bonding with member molding and reduction in the number of parts, However, there are drawbacks such as a lack of reliability due to a large amount of variation, and a problem of strength particularly at high temperatures due to the dependence on the mechanical properties of the adhesive. For this reason, there is no established best method, and there is a demand for the development of a better new bonding method.

【0004】[0004]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の技術的課題
は、特に繊維強化複合材料の接合に適し、接着接合法と
共用することもできて、同法の欠点を改善できるように
した接合部材並びにそれを利用した接合構造体及び接合
方法を提供することにある。本発明の更に具体的な技術
的課題は、熱硬化性樹脂をマトリックスとした繊維強化
複合材料の特性、即ち、それを加圧状態で成形したとき
に、その後の熱処理により内部の圧縮応力が解消されて
容積が増加するという寸法変化機能を有効に利用し、熱
処理による容積増加により強度的にすぐれた接合を行え
るようにした上記接合部材、接合構造体及び接合方法を
提供することにある。本発明の他の技術的課題は、低コ
ストで接合に伴う重量増加が少なく、作業が容易であ
り、また任意使用温度での強度を改善できるようにした
接合部材並びにそれを利用した接合構造体及び接合方法
を提供することにある。
A technical object of the present invention is to provide a joining member which is particularly suitable for joining a fiber reinforced composite material and which can be shared with an adhesive joining method so that the disadvantages of the joining method can be improved. Another object of the present invention is to provide a joining structure and a joining method using the same. A more specific technical problem of the present invention is the property of a fiber-reinforced composite material using a thermosetting resin as a matrix, that is, when it is molded under pressure, the internal compressive stress is eliminated by a subsequent heat treatment. It is an object of the present invention to provide the above-mentioned joining member, joining structure, and joining method capable of effectively utilizing the dimensional change function of increasing the volume by performing heat treatment, and performing joining with excellent strength by increasing the volume by heat treatment. Another technical object of the present invention is to provide a joining member and a joining structure using the same, which are low-cost, have a small weight increase due to joining, are easy to work, and have improved strength at any use temperature. And a joining method.

【0005】[0005]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
の本発明の接合部材は、基本的には、熱硬化性樹脂をマ
トリックスとした繊維強化複合材料により接合すべき複
数部材に嵌入する形態をもつものとして形成され、上記
複合材料には、樹脂の硬化時の加圧により、常温を含む
その使用予定温度においてマトリックスに付与されてい
る圧縮応力の全部または一部が、その応力解消開始温度
以上、成形温度以下での熱処理により解消されて、その
容積が増加する寸法変化機能をもたせたことを特徴とす
るものである。
Means for Solving the Problems A joining member according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem basically has a form in which a plurality of members to be joined are joined by a fiber-reinforced composite material having a thermosetting resin as a matrix. In the composite material, all or part of the compressive stress applied to the matrix at its intended use temperature, including room temperature, due to the pressurization at the time of curing of the resin, is the stress release start temperature. As described above, the present invention is characterized in that it has a dimensional change function of being eliminated by heat treatment at a molding temperature or lower and increasing its volume.

【0006】また、本発明の接合構造体は、接合すべき
部材の一方が、熱硬化性樹脂をマトリックスとした繊維
強化複合材料により他方の部材に嵌入する形態をもつも
のとして形成され、上記複合材料には、樹脂の硬化時の
加圧により、常温を含むその使用予定温度においてマト
リックスに付与されている圧縮応力の全部または一部
が、その応力解消開始温度以上、成形温度以下での熱処
理により解消されて、その容積が増加する寸法変化機能
をもたせ、この複合部材からなる接合すべき一方の部材
を他方の部材に嵌入して、上記熱処理による容積増加に
より両者を接合したことを特徴とするものである。上記
接合部材及び接合構造体においては、熱処理による複合
部材の容積の増加量が0.1%以上であることが望まし
い。
[0006] The joining structure of the present invention is formed such that one of the members to be joined has a form in which the other member is fitted with a fiber-reinforced composite material using a thermosetting resin as a matrix. In the material, all or part of the compressive stress applied to the matrix at its intended use temperature, including room temperature, by pressurization at the time of curing of the resin, is subjected to heat treatment at a temperature equal to or higher than the stress relieving temperature and equal to or lower than the molding temperature. It has a dimensional change function in which the volume is increased by being eliminated, and one of the composite members to be joined is fitted into the other member, and the two are joined by increasing the volume by the heat treatment. Things. In the above-mentioned joining member and joining structure, it is desirable that the increase in the volume of the composite member due to the heat treatment is 0.1% or more.

【0007】一方、上記接合部材を用いた本発明の接合
方法は、複数部材を相互に接合するに際し、上記接合部
材を接合すべき複数部材における接合部分に嵌合させた
後、その応力解消開始温度以上、成形温度以下での熱処
理を施し、上記接合部材の容積増加によりそれらの接合
を強化することを特徴とするものである。上記方法は、
熱硬化性樹脂をマトリックスとした繊維強化複合材料に
より形成した一方の部材を他方の部材と接合し、接合構
造体を得る場合にも適用することができる。
On the other hand, according to the joining method of the present invention using the joining member, when joining a plurality of members to each other, the joining member is fitted to a joining portion of the plurality of members to be joined, and then the stress relief is started. The heat treatment is performed at a temperature not lower than the molding temperature and not higher than the molding temperature, and the joining of the joining members is strengthened by increasing the volume of the joining members. The above method
The present invention can also be applied to a case where one member formed of a fiber-reinforced composite material using a thermosetting resin as a matrix is joined to the other member to obtain a joined structure.

【0008】[0008]

【作用】上記構成を有する接合部材は、それを接合すべ
き部材における接合部分に嵌合させた後、その応力解消
開始温度以上、成形温度以下での熱処理を施すと、マト
リックスに付与されている圧縮応力の全部または一部が
解消され、接合部材の容積増加により接合すべき部材に
密嵌した状態になり、それらの接合を強化することがで
きる。このような接合は、一方が上記複合材料からなる
複数部材を相互に接合して接合構造体を得る場合にも適
用することができる。これらの場合に、前記従来の機械
的接合法や接着接合法の欠点が無視できる範囲内でそれ
らの方法との併用を行うことができる。
The joining member having the above-mentioned structure is applied to the matrix by applying a heat treatment at a temperature equal to or higher than a stress relief starting temperature and equal to or lower than a forming temperature after fitting the joining member to a joining portion of a member to be joined. All or a part of the compressive stress is eliminated, and the joint member is tightly fitted to the member to be joined due to the increase in the capacity of the joint member, and the joining thereof can be strengthened. Such joining can be applied to a case where one member made of the composite material is joined to each other to obtain a joined structure. In these cases, these methods can be used together with the conventional mechanical bonding method and the adhesive bonding method as long as the drawbacks can be ignored.

【0009】[0009]

【実施例】まず、図面を参照して本発明に係る接合部材
の実施例について説明する。図1は、本発明に係る接合
部材1により二つのパイプ状をなす部材2,3を相互に
接合する場合を示すもので、接合される部材2,3とし
ては、金属材料、セラミックス材料、高分子材料、各種
強化複合材料などの硬質材料が適し、またここで説明す
る接合部材1と同材料のものを用いることもできる。上
記接合部材1は、以下に説明するような熱硬化性樹脂を
マトリックスとする繊維強化複合材料により、接合すべ
きパイプ状部材2,3に嵌入する筒状の形態をもつもの
として形成している。接合部材1を構成する上記複合材
料は、その使用予定温度においてマトリックスに付与さ
れている圧縮応力が、一定温度以上で成形温度以下での
熱処理により解消され、それにより容積が増加するとい
う寸法変化機能を有するものである。以下にその複合材
料の構成を具体的に説明する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, an embodiment of a joining member according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a case where two pipe-shaped members 2 and 3 are joined to each other by a joining member 1 according to the present invention. Hard materials such as molecular materials and various reinforced composite materials are suitable, and the same materials as the joining member 1 described here can also be used. The joining member 1 is formed of a fiber-reinforced composite material having a thermosetting resin as a matrix as described below, and has a tubular shape that fits into the pipe-shaped members 2 and 3 to be joined. . The composite material constituting the joining member 1 has a dimensional change function in which the compressive stress applied to the matrix at the intended use temperature is eliminated by heat treatment at a certain temperature or higher and at a molding temperature or lower, thereby increasing the volume. It has. Hereinafter, the configuration of the composite material will be specifically described.

【0010】エポキシ樹脂などの熱硬化性樹脂は、それ
を硬化させる際の成形圧力によって成形した樹脂の室温
での比容積が変化する。そして、高圧で成形した樹脂の
室温での比容積は小さくなるが、この樹脂を大気圧下
で、一定の応力解消開始温度以上、成形温度以下の温度
で熱処理した場合、その室温での比容積の増加が観察さ
れ、大気圧のもとで成形した樹脂の室温での比容積にほ
ぼ等しくなる。ここで、熱処理温度が成形温度以下であ
ることは、実質的に化学反応を伴うことなく、室温での
比容積の増加が発生することを示しており、熱処理によ
る樹脂の劣化など、変質は実質的に発生しない。また、
ここでの熱処理温度が成形温度に対して大幅に低い場合
には、室温での比容積の増加は観察されないか、もしく
は室温での比容積の増加量が非常に小さなものとなる。
一般に、室温での比容積の増加は、熱処理温度が、成形
温度に比べて10℃ないし80℃低い温度以上で観察さ
れるが、熱処理温度が高い方が室温での比容積の増加量
は大きな値となる。さらに、用いる熱硬化性樹脂の種類
によっても適当な熱処理温度の値は変わってくる。
The specific volume of a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin at room temperature changes depending on the molding pressure at the time of curing the resin. The specific volume at room temperature of the resin molded at high pressure becomes smaller, but when this resin is heat-treated under atmospheric pressure at a temperature equal to or higher than a certain stress release start temperature and lower than the molding temperature, the specific volume at room temperature is obtained. And is approximately equal to the specific volume at room temperature of the resin molded under atmospheric pressure. Here, the fact that the heat treatment temperature is equal to or lower than the molding temperature indicates that the specific volume increases at room temperature without substantially involving a chemical reaction. Does not occur. Also,
When the heat treatment temperature here is significantly lower than the molding temperature, no increase in the specific volume at room temperature is observed, or the increase in the specific volume at room temperature is very small.
Generally, the increase in specific volume at room temperature is observed at a heat treatment temperature of 10 ° C. to 80 ° C. lower than the molding temperature, but the higher the heat treatment temperature, the larger the increase in specific volume at room temperature. Value. Further, the appropriate value of the heat treatment temperature varies depending on the type of the thermosetting resin used.

【0011】これらのことは、エポキシ樹脂などの熱硬
化性樹脂をマトリックスとした繊維強化複合材料に対し
ても同様であり、そのため、熱硬化性樹脂をマトリック
スとする繊維強化複合材料を加圧状態で成形することに
より、寸法変化機能をもつ複合材料を製造することがで
きる。この場合、成形した複合材料中のマトリックス樹
脂に圧縮応力が加わっていることが熱処理時の容積増加
に対して有効であり、その圧縮応力を解消して容積増加
が得られる熱処理の下限温度を、この明細書では応力解
消開始温度と名付けている。
The same applies to a fiber-reinforced composite material using a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin as a matrix. Therefore, a fiber-reinforced composite material containing a thermosetting resin as a matrix is pressed. By molding the composite material, a composite material having a dimensional change function can be manufactured. In this case, it is effective that the compressive stress is applied to the matrix resin in the formed composite material to increase the volume during the heat treatment, and the lower limit temperature of the heat treatment at which the volume increase is obtained by eliminating the compressive stress, In this specification, the temperature is referred to as a stress release start temperature.

【0012】このような複合材料は以下の方法により製
造することが可能である。複合材料を金型内で成形する
場合には、成形時に金型による外形寸法の拘束があるた
め、成形収縮による内部応力Pは、(1)式で表現する
の適当であると考えられる。 P=K×(vG −vR )/vG (1) ここで、Kは樹脂の体積弾性率、vG はある特定の成形
圧力下での樹脂の硬化過程でその樹脂が実質的に流動性
を示さなくなる点における比容積、vR は成形した複合
材料を使用する圧力下(一般には大気圧)での樹脂の室
温(複合材料の使用温度が室温以下である場合にはその
使用温度)における比容積を示す。また、(1)式で
は、一般に複合材料に用いられる強化繊維が、炭素繊
維、金属繊維あるいはセラミック繊維などであり、その
線膨張係数は樹脂の線膨張係数に比べて小さく無視しう
る値であることを考慮している。
Such a composite material can be produced by the following method. When the composite material is molded in a mold, it is considered that the internal stress P due to molding shrinkage is appropriately expressed by the equation (1) because the external dimensions are restricted by the mold at the time of molding. P = K × (v G −v R ) / v G (1) where K is the bulk modulus of the resin, and v G is the resin substantially in the course of curing the resin under a specific molding pressure. specific volume at the point shows no fluidity, v R under pressure to use molded composite material (generally atmospheric pressure) of the resin at room temperature (the working temperature when the working temperature is room temperature or less of the composite material 2) shows the specific volume. In the formula (1), the reinforcing fiber generally used for the composite material is a carbon fiber, a metal fiber, a ceramic fiber, or the like, and its linear expansion coefficient is a small and negligible value compared to the linear expansion coefficient of the resin. That is taken into account.

【0013】上記(1)式における[(vG −vR )/
G ]の項は、成形時の内部歪量を示す項である。この
項が正の値をとる場合には、複合材料におけるマトリッ
クス樹脂に引張り応力が作用し、樹脂に欠陥を発生させ
る原因となるが、0もしくは負の値をとる時には樹脂に
応力が作用しないか、もしくは圧縮側の応力が作用する
ため、樹脂に欠陥が発生しなくなると考えられる。した
がって、樹脂が硬化過程でその流動性が実質的になくな
る点での比容積が、樹脂の室温での比容積以下となるよ
うに、成形時に適当な圧力を付与することにより、樹脂
に圧縮側の内部応力を発生させることができる。
In the above equation (1), [(v G −v R ) /
v G ] is a term indicating the amount of internal strain during molding. When this term takes a positive value, a tensile stress acts on the matrix resin in the composite material, which causes a defect in the resin. When the term takes a value of 0 or a negative value, the stress does not act on the resin. Alternatively, it is considered that a defect on the resin does not occur because the compression side stress acts. Therefore, by applying an appropriate pressure during molding so that the specific volume at the point where the resin substantially loses its fluidity during the curing process is equal to or less than the specific volume at room temperature of the resin, the resin is compressed. Internal stress can be generated.

【0014】特定の圧力下における樹脂の硬化過程で、
その流動性が実質的に無くなる点での比容積の値は、以
下のような方法で測定することが可能である。例えば、
ピストンをもつシリンダ状の圧力容器内に樹脂を封入
し、特定の圧力下で硬化させたときの体積変化を測定す
る方法、もしくはPVT測定装置を用いて体積変化を測
定する方法(三谷ら、 Proceedings of the third Japa
n international SAMPEsymposium, Dec. 7-9, 1993, p.
834)などである。このようにして、種々の圧力下で求
めた、樹脂が硬化し流動性が実質的に無くなる点での比
容積の値を、大気圧下、室温(複合材料の使用温度が室
温以下である場合にはその使用温度)における比容積の
値と比べることにより、樹脂に圧縮側の内部応力を発生
させる圧力値を求めることができる。この場合、成形圧
力が高いほど圧縮応力は高くなり、また成形終了後の熱
処理による容積増加量は大きくなる。
In the process of curing the resin under a specific pressure,
The value of the specific volume at the point where the fluidity substantially disappears can be measured by the following method. For example,
A method of measuring a volume change when a resin is sealed in a cylinder-shaped pressure vessel having a piston and curing under a specific pressure, or a method of measuring a volume change using a PVT measuring device (Mitani et al., Proceedings of the third Japa
n international SAMPEsymposium, Dec. 7-9, 1993, p.
834). In this way, the value of the specific volume at the point where the resin hardens and the fluidity substantially disappears, which is obtained under various pressures, is calculated under the atmospheric pressure at room temperature (when the use temperature of the composite material is lower than room temperature). The pressure value at which the resin generates internal stress on the compression side can be determined by comparing the specific volume value at the operating temperature. In this case, the higher the molding pressure, the higher the compressive stress, and the greater the volume increase due to the heat treatment after the completion of molding.

【0015】また、容積増加量は、熱処理温度により変
化する。先に説明したように、熱処理温度が成形温度に
対して大幅に低い場合には、室温での比容積の増加は観
察されないか、もしくはその増加量が非常に小さなもの
となる。そして、一般に、室温での比容積の増加は、熱
処理温度が、成形温度に比べて10℃ないし80℃低い
応力解消開始温度以上で観察されるが、熱処理温度が高
い方が室温での比容積の増加量は大きな値となる。さら
に、用いる熱硬化性樹脂の種類によっても適当な熱処理
温度の値は変わってくる。従って、熱処理温度及び成形
圧力を適切に選ぶことで必要な容積増加量をもつ複合材
料を得ることができる。
The amount of increase in volume varies depending on the heat treatment temperature. As described above, when the heat treatment temperature is significantly lower than the molding temperature, no increase in the specific volume at room temperature is observed, or the increase is very small. In general, an increase in specific volume at room temperature is observed at a heat treatment temperature of 10 ° C. to 80 ° C. lower than the molding temperature, at or above the stress release start temperature. Is a large value. Further, the appropriate value of the heat treatment temperature varies depending on the type of the thermosetting resin used. Therefore, a composite material having a necessary volume increase can be obtained by appropriately selecting the heat treatment temperature and the molding pressure.

【0016】このようにして、必要な容積増加量をもつ
複合材料を製造することが可能であるが、その複合材料
のもつ容積増加量としては、0.1%以上あることが、
接合部材としての利用を図る上で好ましい。この0.1
%以上の容積増加を得るためには、硬化時の圧力を適切
に選定する必要があるが、この圧力は用いる樹脂の種類
によって異なるものであり実験で確認する必要がある。
この容積増加量は成形圧力により変化するが、複合材料
の強化基材である強化繊維の配列によりその変化量が異
方性をもつ。例えば、一方向性複合材料の場合、繊維軸
方向には寸法変化が小さく、そのかわり繊維軸に対して
直角方向には寸法変化量が大きくなる。また、疑似等方
性積層材料の場合には積層方向に寸法変化量が大きく、
積層面内では寸法変化量は小さくなる。そのため、実際
の使用に際しては、必要な寸法変化方向を考慮して複合
材料を製造する必要がある。また、強化基材として組紐
方式(ブレイダー方式:福多健二、繊維科学、1991年8
/9月号、p.18−25)などの三次元多軸織物を使用した
場合には、織り軸に垂直な面での等方性がほぼ保たれる
ので、接合に利用する場合に有利である。
In this way, it is possible to produce a composite material having a necessary volume increase, but the composite material has a volume increase of 0.1% or more.
It is preferable for use as a joining member. This 0.1
In order to obtain a volume increase of at least%, it is necessary to appropriately select the pressure at the time of curing, but this pressure varies depending on the type of the resin used and needs to be confirmed by experiments.
The amount of increase in volume changes depending on the molding pressure, but the amount of change has anisotropy due to the arrangement of the reinforcing fibers as the reinforcing base material of the composite material. For example, in the case of a unidirectional composite material, the dimensional change is small in the fiber axis direction, and the dimensional change is large in the direction perpendicular to the fiber axis. In the case of a quasi-isotropic laminated material, the dimensional change is large in the laminating direction,
The dimensional change is small within the stacking plane. Therefore, in actual use, it is necessary to manufacture a composite material in consideration of a necessary dimensional change direction. In addition, braid method (braider method: Kenji Fukuta, Textile Science, August 1991)
/ September issue, p.18-25) When using a three-dimensional multi-axial woven fabric, the isotropy in the plane perpendicular to the weaving axis is almost maintained, which is advantageous when used for joining. It is.

【0017】本発明の複合材料では、炭素繊維、金属繊
維あるいはセラミック繊維などを強化繊維として好適に
用いることができる。また、必要に応じて、予め強化繊
維束を多軸方向に配向させて製織した三次元多軸織物を
用いることも可能である。その複合材料においてマトリ
ックスとして用いる熱硬化性樹脂は、エポキシ樹脂、あ
るいはフェノール樹脂など、各種熱硬化性樹脂を用いる
ことが可能であるが、成形性および複合材料の物性を考
慮したときにはエポキシ樹脂を用いるのが好ましい。
In the composite material of the present invention, carbon fiber, metal fiber, ceramic fiber or the like can be suitably used as the reinforcing fiber. In addition, if necessary, a three-dimensional multiaxial woven fabric in which the reinforcing fiber bundle is oriented in the multiaxial direction and woven in advance can be used. As the thermosetting resin used as the matrix in the composite material, various thermosetting resins such as an epoxy resin or a phenol resin can be used, but when the moldability and the physical properties of the composite material are considered, the epoxy resin is used. Is preferred.

【0018】上記複合材料により接合部材を形成するに
は、以下のように実施する。まず、所要形状を有する金
型中にプリフォームを配置し、熱硬化性樹脂を含浸させ
る。含浸方法としては、大気圧中でポンプなどを用いて
樹脂を送液することもできるが、プリフォームを予め真
空状態にした後に樹脂を含浸する(この時成形容器全体
を真空容器中に納めて含浸しても構わない。)などの既
知の方法を用いることができる。プリフォームを真空状
態にし、予め脱泡した樹脂を含浸することが、成形状態
を良好にする意味では望ましい。樹脂を含浸した後、樹
脂を所要の圧力に加圧し、金型内を加圧しつつ所定の温
度、圧力条件で成形を実施する。
In order to form a joining member from the above-mentioned composite material, the following steps are performed. First, a preform is placed in a mold having a required shape and impregnated with a thermosetting resin. As the impregnation method, the resin can be sent using a pump or the like at atmospheric pressure. However, the preform is preliminarily evacuated and then impregnated with the resin (at this time, the entire molding container is put in a vacuum container). A known method such as impregnation may be used. It is desirable that the preform be evacuated and impregnated with a defoamed resin in order to improve the molding state. After impregnating the resin, the resin is pressurized to a required pressure, and molding is performed under predetermined temperature and pressure conditions while pressurizing the inside of the mold.

【0019】このようにして成形した接合部材1を用い
て図1のパイプ状をなす部材2,3を接合するには、そ
の接合部材1の寸法増加量を考慮してクリアランスを決
め、該接合部材1を接合すべき部材2,3における接合
部分に嵌合させた後、その応力解消開始温度以上、成形
温度以下での熱処理を施し、上記接合部材1の寸法増加
によりそれらを接合させる。上記熱処理は、温度管理が
可能な手段であれば、任意手段を採用することができ
る。このとき、必要に応じて、接着剤の併用、ビスなど
の機械的接合の併用、あるいはその両者の併用を実施す
ることもできる。また、接合すべき部材2,3を予め加
熱して熱膨張させ、クリアランスを大きくした後、上記
接合部材1を挿入、嵌合させることもできる。
In order to join the pipe-shaped members 2 and 3 of FIG. 1 using the joining member 1 thus formed, a clearance is determined in consideration of an increase in size of the joining member 1, and the joining is performed. After the member 1 is fitted to the joining portions of the members 2 and 3 to be joined, a heat treatment is performed at a temperature equal to or higher than the stress release start temperature and equal to or lower than the forming temperature, and the members are joined by increasing the dimensions of the joining member 1. For the heat treatment, any means can be adopted as long as the means can control the temperature. At this time, if necessary, an adhesive may be used in combination, a mechanical joint such as a screw may be used in combination, or both may be used in combination. Alternatively, the members 2 and 3 to be joined may be heated in advance and thermally expanded to increase the clearance, and then the joining member 1 may be inserted and fitted.

【0020】図2は、本発明に係る接合部材の他の実施
例を示すもので、金属材料、セラミックス材料、高分子
材料、各種強化複合材料などの硬質材料からなる二つの
パイプ状をなす部材5,6を相互に接合する筒状の接合
部材4は、図1の場合と同様の寸法変化機能を有する繊
維強化複合材料により形成し、その接合部材4の凸端部
4a,4aを、接合すべき複数の部材5,6の嵌入溝5
a,6aに対してインサートするように嵌入させた後、
熱処理を行うことにより、両者の接合を行うように構成
している。
FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the joining member according to the present invention, in which two pipe-shaped members made of a hard material such as a metal material, a ceramic material, a polymer material, and various reinforced composite materials are used. A cylindrical joining member 4 for joining the members 5 and 6 to each other is formed of a fiber-reinforced composite material having a dimensional change function similar to that of FIG. 1, and the convex ends 4a and 4a of the joining member 4 are joined. Insertion grooves 5 for a plurality of members 5 and 6 to be provided
a, after being inserted so as to be inserted into 6a,
By performing heat treatment, both are joined.

【0021】また、図3は、本発明に係る接合部材をボ
ルト状に形成した他の実施例を示している。この実施例
における接合部材7は、金属やプラスチック等からなる
部材8,9の接合に用いるもので、3軸あるいは4軸の
三次元織物強化複合材料により構成し、その周面に、部
材8,9のねじ穴に螺挿するためのねじ7aを備えてい
る。この接合部材7によって複数の部材8,9を接合す
るには、それらの部材の接合部分であるねじ穴に該接合
部材7を螺挿したうえで、その応力解消開始温度以上、
成形温度以下での熱処理を施せばよく、この加熱に伴う
接合部材7の寸法増加によりそれらの接合が強固に行わ
れる。
FIG. 3 shows another embodiment in which the joining member according to the present invention is formed in a bolt shape. The joining member 7 in this embodiment is used for joining members 8 and 9 made of metal, plastic, or the like, and is made of a three- or four-axis three-dimensional woven reinforced composite material. 9 is provided with a screw 7 a for screwing into the screw hole 9. In order to join the plurality of members 8 and 9 with the joining member 7, the joining member 7 is screwed into a screw hole, which is a joining portion of the members, and the temperature is equal to or higher than the stress release start temperature.
The heat treatment may be performed at a molding temperature or lower, and the joining of the joining members 7 is firmly performed due to the increase in size of the joining members 7 accompanying the heating.

【0022】このような接合部材7を用いると、接合部
材7のねじ7a部分の容積増加に伴い、部材8,9の雌
ねじによる締付け力が増加し、振動等に起因するねじの
緩みが防止される。加えて、X,Y,Zの直交3軸方向
の強化繊維を用いた場合には、接合部材7の太さ方向に
配向された強化繊維(X,Y)によりねじ部のせん断力
を高めると同時に、接合部材7の長さ方向に配列された
繊維(Z)により引張強度が向上するという効果が総合
的に生じ、強固な締結を行うことができる。
When such a joining member 7 is used, the tightening force of the internal threads of the members 8 and 9 increases with the increase in the volume of the screw 7a of the joining member 7, and the loosening of the screw due to vibration or the like is prevented. You. In addition, in the case where the reinforcing fibers in the three orthogonal directions of X, Y, and Z are used, the shearing force of the thread portion is increased by the reinforcing fibers (X, Y) oriented in the thickness direction of the joining member 7. At the same time, the effect that the tensile strength is improved by the fibers (Z) arranged in the length direction of the joining member 7 is totally generated, and a strong fastening can be performed.

【0023】図4及び図5は、二つの部材を相互に接合
して接合構造体を形成する実施例を示すものである。こ
の接合構造体の形成に際しては、少なくとも接合すべき
一方の部材11を上述した接合部材1を構成する複合材
料により形成し、それを他の任意素材からなる部材12
に接合して、一つの何らかの機能を有する接合構造体を
形成することになる。この場合に、図面では、接合すべ
き一方の部材11を円柱状とし、それが接合される他方
の部材12を円筒状として模式的に示しているが、これ
らの部材11,12は、図1、図2及び図3の接合部材
のように、二つの部材を接合するためにのみ機能する補
助的な部材とすることなく、他の機能をも備えたものと
して構成される。両者の接合は、上述した場合と同様に
して、接合部材11を接合すべき他の部材12における
接合部分に嵌合させた後、その応力解消開始温度以上、
成形温度以下での熱処理を施せばよい。図4は、熱処理
を行う前の状態を、図5は熱処理後の状態を模式的に示
している。これにより、接合部材11を他の部材12と
接合した一つの構造物を製作することができる。
FIGS. 4 and 5 show an embodiment in which two members are joined to each other to form a joint structure. In forming this joint structure, at least one member 11 to be joined is formed of a composite material constituting the joint member 1 described above, and is formed of a member 12 made of another arbitrary material.
To form a bonded structure having one function. In this case, in the drawing, one member 11 to be joined is schematically shown as a column and the other member 12 to be joined is shown as a cylinder, but these members 11 and 12 are shown in FIG. Unlike the joining members of FIGS. 2 and 3, the joining members are not provided as auxiliary members that function only to join the two members, but are provided with other functions. After joining the joining member 11 to the joining portion of the other member 12 to be joined, in the same manner as described above,
The heat treatment may be performed at a molding temperature or lower. FIG. 4 schematically shows a state before heat treatment, and FIG. 5 schematically shows a state after heat treatment. Thus, one structure in which the joining member 11 is joined to another member 12 can be manufactured.

【0024】図6は、図4及び図5の場合と同様である
が、接合すべき一方の部材16を、上述した複合材料か
らなる接合部16aを基部材16bにインサートして接
合することにより形成し、これを他の部材17と接合し
て接合構造体を形成する場合を示している。この場合の
接合方法は、上記図4及び図5の場合等と実質的に変わ
るところがない。なお、一方の部材16と他方の部材1
7との接合部分において、前記複合材料からなる接合部
16aの接合凸端部を、他方の部材17にインサートし
て接合するような構造にすることもできる。
FIG. 6 is similar to FIGS. 4 and 5 except that one member 16 to be joined is joined by inserting the joining portion 16a made of the above-described composite material into the base member 16b. This case shows a case where the bonding structure is formed by forming the bonding structure with another member 17. The joining method in this case is substantially the same as in the cases of FIGS. 4 and 5 and the like. In addition, one member 16 and the other member 1
In the joint portion with the joint member 7, the joint convex end of the joint portion 16 a made of the composite material may be inserted into the other member 17 and joined.

【0025】以上において、本発明に係る接合部材及び
接合構造体の構成及びそれらにおける接合方法について
説明したが、本発明に係る接合部材は、任意の複数部材
を接合するために、それらの部材の接合部分に嵌入する
前記寸法変化機能をもつ複合部材として構成することが
でき、また、本発明に係る接合構造体は、少なくとも一
方が上記複合材料からなる複数の部材の接合により、一
つの任意機能を有する構造体として構成される。さら
に、本発明に係る接合方法は、少なくとも接合すべき二
つの部材の一方の接合部分に上記複合材料を用い、それ
を同複合材料からなる部材を含む任意材料からなる部材
と接合する場合に適用することができる。
In the above, the configuration of the joining member and the joining structure according to the present invention and the joining method in them have been described. However, the joining member according to the present invention is used to join arbitrary plural members. It can be configured as a composite member having the dimensional change function that fits into a bonding portion, and the bonding structure according to the present invention has one arbitrary function by bonding a plurality of members at least one of which is made of the composite material. It is constituted as a structure having. Furthermore, the joining method according to the present invention is applied to a case where the above-mentioned composite material is used for at least one joining portion of two members to be joined, and is joined to a member made of an arbitrary material including a member made of the same composite material. can do.

【0026】以下に、本発明に係る接合部材の製造、及
びそれを用いた接合方法についての実施例を示す。マト
リックス用エポキシ樹脂として、主剤のエピコート82
8(油化シェル社製)と硬化剤のエタキュアー100
(ETHYL Corp. 製)とを重量比100:24で混合した
ものを脱泡して用い、実施例との比較のために、この樹
脂を大気圧下で硬化させた。硬化温度サイクルは次のよ
うにした。温度は80℃で15時間保持後、30分かけ
て100℃まで上げ、100℃で2時間保持し、さら
に、1時間かけて180℃まで昇温し、180℃で4時
間保持した後、約12時間かけて室温(約20℃)まで
冷却した。硬化後の樹脂の比容積は、20℃で0.86
0cm3 /gであった。
Examples of the production of a joining member according to the present invention and a joining method using the same will be described below. As an epoxy resin for the matrix, Epicoat 82
8 (manufactured by Yuka Shell Co., Ltd.) and a curing agent, Etacur 100
(ETHYL Corp.) in a weight ratio of 100: 24 was used after defoaming, and the resin was cured at atmospheric pressure for comparison with the examples. The cure temperature cycle was as follows. The temperature was maintained at 80 ° C. for 15 hours, raised to 100 ° C. over 30 minutes, maintained at 100 ° C. for 2 hours, further raised to 180 ° C. over 1 hour, and maintained at 180 ° C. for 4 hours. It was cooled to room temperature (about 20 ° C.) over 12 hours. The specific volume of the cured resin is 0.86 at 20 ° C.
It was 0 cm 3 / g.

【0027】また、同じ樹脂を、ピストンを有するシリ
ンダ構造の圧力容器に評量後入れ、所定の圧力下、80
℃で15時間硬化した後の、80℃における樹脂の比容
積をピストンの移動量より測定した。450kg/cm
2 Gの加圧下で硬化した場合の比容積は0.853cm
3 /gであり、20℃における硬化後の樹脂の比容積
0.860cm3 /gに比べて小さい値であった。ここ
で、80℃で15時間硬化処理した樹脂は固化してお
り、流動性を示さなかった。この結果、450kg/c
2 G以上の圧力を付与して成形した複合材料では、マ
トリックス樹脂に圧縮応力が付与されていることとな
る。
The same resin is put into a pressure vessel having a cylinder structure having a piston after being weighed,
After curing at 15 ° C. for 15 hours, the specific volume of the resin at 80 ° C. was measured from the amount of movement of the piston. 450kg / cm
The specific volume when cured under 2 G pressure is 0.853 cm
3 / g, which is smaller than the specific volume of the resin after curing at 20 ° C. of 0.860 cm 3 / g. Here, the resin cured at 80 ° C. for 15 hours was solidified and did not show fluidity. As a result, 450 kg / c
In a composite material molded by applying a pressure of m 2 G or more, a compressive stress is applied to the matrix resin.

【0028】さらに、プリフォームとして、炭素繊維を
基材とする組紐方式三次元4軸織物(福多健二、繊維科
学、1991年8/9月号、p.18−25)を使用し、複合材料
を成形した。プリフォームのサイズは、10.6×1
0.6×1000mmである。このプリフォームを1
0.6×10.6の内断面を持つ金型に配置し、脱泡し
た上記エポキシ樹脂を用いて含浸した。その後、金型を
700kg/cm2 Gに加圧し、その圧力を保持した状
態で硬化・成形した。処理した温度条件は上記と同様で
ある。成形した複合材料には欠陥は見当らなかった。
Further, as a preform, a braided three-dimensional four-axis woven fabric using carbon fiber as a base material (Kenji Fukuta, Textile Science, August / September 1991, pp. 18-25) is used. The material was molded. Preform size is 10.6 × 1
It is 0.6 × 1000 mm. This preform is 1
It was placed in a mold having an inner cross section of 0.6 × 10.6 and impregnated with the above degassed epoxy resin. Thereafter, the mold was pressurized to 700 kg / cm 2 G, and cured and molded while maintaining the pressure. The treated temperature conditions are the same as above. No defects were found in the molded composite.

【0029】この複合材料を切断し、断面サイズ10.
6×10.6、長さ約50mmの評価用試料を作製し、
80℃および175℃でそれぞれ1時間加熱後室温まで
冷却し、寸法変化量を調査した。80℃処理のサンプル
では、寸法変化は観察されなかったが、175℃処理の
サンプルでは、断面方向にそれぞれ0.2%の膨張が観
察され、長さ方向には膨張は観察されなかった。175
℃処理により約0.4%の容積増加があったこととな
る。
This composite material is cut to have a cross-sectional size of 10.
A sample for evaluation of 6 × 10.6 and a length of about 50 mm was prepared.
After heating at 80 ° C. and 175 ° C. for 1 hour each, it was cooled to room temperature, and the dimensional change was examined. No dimensional change was observed in the sample treated at 80 ° C., but in the sample treated at 175 ° C., 0.2% expansion was observed in each of the cross-sectional directions, and no expansion was observed in the length direction. 175
It means that there was a volume increase of about 0.4% by the ° C treatment.

【0030】そこで、熱処理前の評価用試料の断面をそ
れぞれ研磨し、約10μ断面サイズの小さくなったサン
プルを作成した。このサンプルを、金型の内寸と同一の
内寸をもち、厚み10mmの治具に挟み込み、全体を1
75℃で1時間加熱後冷却した。冷却後、治具と評価用
試料との接合は強固であった。
Therefore, the cross section of each of the evaluation samples before the heat treatment was polished to prepare a sample having a reduced cross section size of about 10 μm. This sample was sandwiched between jigs having the same inner dimensions as the mold and having a thickness of 10 mm.
After heating at 75 ° C. for 1 hour, the mixture was cooled. After cooling, the bonding between the jig and the evaluation sample was strong.

【0031】[0031]

【発明の効果】以上に詳述した本発明によれば、特に繊
維強化複合材料の接合に適し、接着接合法等と共用する
こともできて、同法の欠点を改善でき、しかも低コスト
で接合に伴う重量増加が少なく、作業が容易であり、ま
た任意使用温度での強度を改善できるようにした接合部
材及び接合構造体、並びにそれらにおける接合方法を得
ることができる。また、熱硬化性樹脂をマトリックスと
した繊維強化複合材料では、それを加圧状態で成形した
ときに、その後の熱処理により内部の圧縮応力が解消さ
れて容積が増加するという寸法変化機能を有している
が、本発明によれば、その特性を有効に利用して強度的
にすぐれた接合を行う接合部材及び接合方法を提供する
ことができる。
According to the present invention described in detail above, it is particularly suitable for joining a fiber reinforced composite material, and can be used in common with an adhesive joining method, etc., so that the disadvantages of the method can be improved and the cost can be reduced. It is possible to obtain a joining member and a joining structure which can be easily worked and have improved strength at an arbitrary use temperature, and a joining method therefor, in which a weight increase accompanying joining is small. In addition, the fiber-reinforced composite material using a thermosetting resin as a matrix has a dimensional change function that, when it is molded under pressure, the subsequent heat treatment eliminates the internal compressive stress and increases the volume. However, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a bonding member and a bonding method for performing a bonding excellent in strength by effectively utilizing its characteristics.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明に係る接合部材により二つのパイプ状部
材を接合した状態を示す断面図である。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a state where two pipe-shaped members are joined by a joining member according to the present invention.

【図2】本発明に係る接合部材により二つのパイプ状部
材を接合した状態を示す他の実施例の断面図である。
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of another embodiment showing a state in which two pipe-shaped members are joined by a joining member according to the present invention.

【図3】本発明に係る接合部材をボルト状に形成した実
施例を示す断面図である。
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an embodiment in which a joining member according to the present invention is formed in a bolt shape.

【図4】一方の部材を本発明に係る寸法変化機能を有す
る複合部材とし、それを他の部材と接合する場合の熱処
理前の状態をを示す模式的断面図である。
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a state before heat treatment when one member is a composite member having a dimensional change function according to the present invention and is joined to another member.

【図5】同熱処理後の状態を示す模式的断面図である。FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing a state after the heat treatment.

【図6】本発明において用いる複合部材をインサートし
た接合用の部材を用い、それを他の部材に接合した場合
を示す断面図である。
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a case where a joining member into which a composite member used in the present invention is inserted is used and joined to another member.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1,4,7,11,16 接合部材 2,3,5,6,8,9,12,17 接合すべき部
1,4,7,11,16 joining members 2,3,5,6,8,9,12,17 members to be joined

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.6 識別記号 庁内整理番号 FI 技術表示箇所 B29L 23:00 (72)発明者 福 多 健 二 茨城県つくば市千現二丁目1番地6 株 式会社スリーデイコンポリサーチ内 (56)参考文献 特開 昭63−89331(JP,A) 特開 平4−325226(JP,A) 特開 昭58−71119(JP,A) 特開 昭61−64434(JP,A) 特開 平2−289472(JP,A) 特開 平5−504311(JP,A)──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 6 Identification code Agency reference number FI Technical indication B29L 23:00 (72) Inventor Kenji Fukuta 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 6 shares (56) References JP-A-63-89331 (JP, A) JP-A-4-325226 (JP, A) JP-A-58-71119 (JP, A) JP-A-61-64434 (JP, A) JP-A-2-289472 (JP, A) JP-A-5-504311 (JP, A)

Claims (8)

(57)【特許請求の範囲】(57) [Claims] 【請求項1】熱硬化性樹脂をマトリックスとした繊維強
化複合材料により接合すべき複数部材に嵌入する形態を
もつものとして形成され、 上記複合材料には、樹脂の硬化時の加圧によりその使用
予定温度においてマトリックスに付与されている圧縮応
力の全部または一部が、その応力解消開始温度以上、成
形温度以下での熱処理により解消されて、その容積が増
加する寸法変化機能をもたせた、ことを特徴とする寸法
変化機能をもつ接合部材。
1. A fiber-reinforced composite material comprising a thermosetting resin as a matrix, the fiber-reinforced composite material having a form to be fitted into a plurality of members to be joined. At a predetermined temperature, all or a part of the compressive stress applied to the matrix is released by a heat treatment at a temperature equal to or higher than the stress relieving start temperature and lower than the molding temperature, and has a dimensional change function of increasing the volume. A joining member with the characteristic dimensional change function.
【請求項2】請求項1に記載の接合部材において、使用
予定温度が常温であることを特徴とする寸法変化機能を
もつ接合部材。
2. The joining member according to claim 1, wherein the scheduled use temperature is room temperature.
【請求項3】請求項1または請求項2に記載の接合部材
において、熱処理による複合部材の容積の増加量が0.
1%以上であることを特徴とする寸法変化機能をもつ接
合部材。
3. The joining member according to claim 1, wherein the amount of increase in the volume of the composite member due to the heat treatment is 0.
A joining member having a dimensional change function, which is 1% or more.
【請求項4】接合すべき部材の一方が、熱硬化性樹脂を
マトリックスとした繊維強化複合材料により他方の部材
に嵌入する形態をもつものとして形成され、 上記複合材料には、樹脂の硬化時の加圧によりその使用
予定温度においてマトリックスに付与されている圧縮応
力の全部または一部が、その応力解消開始温度以上、成
形温度以下での熱処理により解消されて、その容積が増
加する寸法変化機能をもたせ、 この複合部材からなる接合すべき一方の部材を他方の部
材に嵌入して、上記熱処理による容積増加により両者を
接合した、ことを特徴とする寸法変化機能をもつ部材を
用いた接合構造体。
4. One of the members to be joined is formed so as to be fitted into the other member by a fiber-reinforced composite material having a thermosetting resin as a matrix. All or part of the compressive stress imparted to the matrix at the intended use temperature by pressurizing is eliminated by heat treatment at a temperature equal to or higher than the stress relief start temperature and equal to or lower than the forming temperature, thereby increasing the volume. A joining structure using a member having a dimensional change function, characterized in that one of the composite members to be joined is fitted into the other member and both are joined by an increase in volume due to the heat treatment. body.
【請求項5】請求項4に記載の接合構造体において、使
用予定温度が常温であることを特徴とする寸法変化機能
をもつ部材を用いた接合構造体。
5. The joint structure according to claim 4, wherein the scheduled use temperature is room temperature, wherein the member having a dimensional change function is used.
【請求項6】請求項4または請求項5に記載の接合構造
体において、熱処理による複合部材の容積の増加量が
0.1%以上であることを特徴とする寸法変化機能をも
つ部材を用いた接合構造体。
6. A joint structure according to claim 4, wherein the increase in volume of the composite member by heat treatment is 0.1% or more. Joint structure.
【請求項7】請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の接合
部材を用い、複数部材を相互に接合する方法であって、 上記接合部材を接合すべき複数部材における接合部分に
嵌合させた後、その応力解消開始温度以上、成形温度以
下での熱処理を施し、上記接合部材の容積増加によりそ
れらの接合を強化する、ことを特徴とする寸法変化機能
をもつ接合部材を用いた接合法。
7. A method of joining a plurality of members to each other using the joining member according to claim 1, wherein the joining member is fitted to a joining portion of the plurality of members to be joined. Thereafter, a heat treatment is performed at a temperature equal to or higher than the stress relieving start temperature and equal to or lower than the forming temperature to strengthen the joining of the joining members by increasing the volume of the joining members.
【請求項8】熱硬化性樹脂をマトリックスとした繊維強
化複合材料により形成した一方の部材を他方の部材と接
合し、接合構造体を得る方法であって、 上記複合材料には、樹脂の硬化時の加圧によりその使用
予定温度においてマトリックスに付与されている圧縮応
力の全部または一部が、その応力解消開始温度以上、成
形温度以下での熱処理により解消されて、その容積が増
加する寸法変化機能をもたせ、 この複合部材からなる接合すべき一方の部材を他方の部
材に嵌入して、上記温度範囲での熱処理を施し、樹脂内
の圧縮応力の解消による容積増加により両者を接合す
る、ことを特徴とする寸法変化機能をもつ部材の接合
法。
8. A method of joining one member formed of a fiber-reinforced composite material using a thermosetting resin as a matrix to another member to obtain a joined structure, wherein the composite material comprises a resin cured resin. All or part of the compressive stress applied to the matrix at the intended use temperature by pressurization at the time is eliminated by heat treatment at the temperature above the stress relief start temperature and below the molding temperature, and the volume increases. Having a function, one of the composite members to be joined is inserted into the other member, heat-treated in the above temperature range, and the two are joined by increasing the volume by eliminating the compressive stress in the resin. A method for joining members having a dimensional change function.
JP6121848A 1994-05-11 1994-05-11 Joining member having dimensional change function, joining structure and joining method using the same Expired - Lifetime JP2610581B2 (en)

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JP2610581B2 true JP2610581B2 (en) 1997-05-14

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