JP2607062Y2 - Ball valve - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a ball valve.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional ball valve, FIG.
The one shown in FIG. 6 is widely known. In this valve, a ball c having a communication hole f communicating in three directions is disposed in a valve chamber b of a valve body a, and a seal ring e1 such as an O-ring is provided between a wall of the valve chamber b and the ball c. , E2, e
Coordinate 3, e4. Thereby, the valve chamber is partitioned into the inflow hole side and the outflow hole side, and the fluid flows from either the inflow hole g1 or the inflow hole g2 through the communication hole f of the ball c to the outflow hole h.
Flows to As shown in FIG. 6 , the rotation of the ball c is such that the rotation axis j is attached to the ball c and the rotation axis j is rotated to rotate the ball c. By arranging it at a position connected to the holes g1 and g2, it flows in from one of the inflow holes g1 or g2 and flows to the outflow hole h.

The seal rings e1, e2 e3, e4
Serves to ensure the airtightness between the ball c and the valve chamber b, and to position the ball at the center of the valve chamber b by elasticity. Therefore, three seal rings e1, e
2, e3 are provided in each of the inflow holes g1, g2 and the outflow hole h, and a seal ring e4 is also provided on the side facing the inflow hole g2, so that a total of four seal rings are used.

Although illustration is omitted, in the case of a two-way ball valve, the following two cases can be considered. Part 1
FIG. 5 shows a case where the inflow hole g2 in FIG. 5 is eliminated and only the inflow hole g1 and the outflow hole h on the opposite side are used. In this case, only two seal rings e1 and e3 are sufficient. The second is a case where the process is performed only with the inflow holes g1 and g2 and the outflow port h is eliminated. That is, this is the case where the inflow hole g2 is used as it is and the inflow hole g2 is used as the outflow port. In this case, four seal rings e1, e2,
e3 and e4 are required. That is, if the operation is performed only with the two seal rings e1 and e2 arranged in the orthogonal position, the ball is biased to the lower left corner in FIG. 5 , and the seal becomes incomplete and the ball smoothly rotates. Is not maintained.

[0005]

As described above, in the conventional valve, it is necessary to use one seal ring on each of both sides opposed to each other with the ball interposed therebetween, that is, a pair of two seals at the opposed positions. Yes, unless the seal ring was arranged in the area where there was no inflow hole or outflow hole, accurate positioning of the ball and smooth rotation could not be realized, and as a result, many seal rings had to be used. From the viewpoint of simplicity of attachment and reduction of cost, it is desirable that only one seal ring be used. The seal ring is indispensable for sealing.On the other hand, the ball is pressed by the elastic force of the seal. As a result, as the number of seal rings increases, the rotational resistance of the ball increases, When switching the valve by rotating it, a larger force is required. Therefore, the present invention provides a ball valve that can reliably rotate without reducing the position of the ball even if the number of seal rings is reduced, and that can rotate the ball with a smaller force to switch the valve. It will not be provided. Further, a second object of the present invention is to provide a ball valve capable of obtaining good sealing properties (airtightness, watertightness) even if the number of seal rings is reduced.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a plurality of inlets and outlets 11, 12, 1, 1 communicating through a valve chamber 10.
A ball valve body 1 provided with a valve 3 and a ball 2 disposed in the valve chamber for opening and closing the ball valve, and a ball disposed between an inflow hole side and an outflow hole side of the valve chamber to come into contact with the ball, and a seal ring 4,41,42 for performing sealing between the inlet side of the chamber and the outflow hole side, the ball 2
Is rotated with respect to the valve chamber on the opposite side of the rotation shaft 3.
Ball ball supported by engagement means for movably engaging
By providing the following
To solve the above problems.

That is, in the ball valve according to the present invention, a pressurized space 10c for the seal rings 41 and 42 is formed on the inflow hole side of the valve chamber 10, and the seal rings 41 and 42 Having a body contact portion 4a,
A pressure receiving surface 4b is formed on the back surface on the inflow hole side of the valve body contact portion 4a, and the pressure receiving surface 4b is
c, the valve body contact portion 4a is pressed against the ball 2 by the fluid pressure in the pressurized space received by the pressure receiving surface 4b. 10c, it is pressed radially outward and is pressed against the outflow side wall surface 6a of the receiving recess 6 so that the sealing property between the seal ring 41 and the receiving recess 6 is improved. is there.

[0008]

In the prior art, it was necessary to use a seal ring on each of two opposing sides with a ball interposed therebetween, that is, two seals at opposing positions were used as a set. There is no need to use it. That is,
Conventionally, if one of the seal rings that should be used as a set of two at the opposing position is removed, the ball is shifted to a position without the seal ring. However, in the present invention, since both ends of the ball 2 are supported by the rotating shaft 3, the supporting shaft 22, and the supporting concave portion 23, even if one of the seal rings is lost, the ball is not shifted in the same direction. It does not occur.

However, when the ball is used for a fluid having a high fluid pressure, the fluid pressure may cause a slight displacement of the ball. That is, the invention of the present application prevents the ball from shifting by supporting the ball 2 from both sides. However, as long as the ball rotates, only a small clearance required for the rotation is required to shift the ball 2. There is room for this to occur. In particular, when the fluid pressure increases and is applied to the ball, a slight displacement of the ball 2 occurs, and this displacement may cause incomplete sealing. However, in the ball valve according to the present invention, in addition to the above configuration, a pressurized space 10c for the seal ring 41 is formed on the inflow hole side of the valve chamber 10, and the seal ring 41 is in contact with the valve body against the ball 2. A pressure receiving surface 4b is formed on the back surface of the valve abutment portion on the inflow hole side, and the pressure receiving surface 4b is arranged in the pressurizing space 10c. Therefore, the pressure of the fluid on the inflow hole side is equal to the pressure of the pressurized space 10c.
The pressure is applied to the pressure receiving surface 4b of the seal ring arranged therein, and the pressure presses the valve body contact portion 4a of the seal ring against the ball 2. As a result, as the fluid pressure increases, the force with which the fluid presses the valve body contact portion 4a of the seal ring 41 against the ball 2 also increases. Therefore, even if the ball 2 is slightly displaced by receiving the fluid pressure, the valve body abutting portion 4a of the seal ring 41 is strongly pressed against the ball 2 as a result. There is no space between them or the sealing performance is degraded, and the sealing performance is ensured. Further, the seal rings 41 and 42 are pressed radially outward from the pressurized space 10 c and pressed against the outflow side wall surface 6 a of the receiving recess 6, so that the sealing property between the seal ring 41 and the receiving recess 6 is also improved. It can be improved.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front central longitudinal sectional view of a valve according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side central longitudinal sectional view of the valve taken along a direction orthogonal to FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of FIG.

The ball valve in this embodiment is a three-way valve including a ball valve body 1, a ball 2, and a rotating shaft 3. The ball valve body 1 may be formed by joining a plurality of members via a sealing member as appropriate in the same manner as a normal ball valve.
It is composed of tubular portions 1b, 1c and 1d arranged on the left and right and below the central portion 1a and the tubular portions 1b, 1c and 1d.
Although not shown, an O-ring is arranged as a seal member between d. Although the left tubular portion 1b does not penetrate, it may be penetrated to form a four-way valve. A right inflow hole 12 and an outflow hole 13 are formed in the right tubular portion 1c and the lower tubular portion 1d, respectively, and communicate with the valve chamber 10.

In the central portion 1a, a valve chamber 10 for rotatably receiving the ball 2 and an upper inflow hole 11 extending above the valve chamber 10 are formed. Further, as shown in FIG. , A rotary shaft insertion hole is formed. The rotating shaft 3 is rotatably inserted into the rotating shaft insertion hole via a seal member 31, and the ball 2 is attached to the tip of the rotating shaft 3.

The ball 2 opens and closes a ball valve. As shown in FIG. 1, the ball 2 has an upward opening 21a, a downward opening 21b, and a lateral opening 2 from the center of the ball.
A communication hole 21 leading to 1c is formed. Then, the ball 2 is rotated by rotating the rotation shaft 3 (the ball 2 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise in FIG. 1, and rotates vertically about the rotation shaft 3 in FIG. 2). Move), and one of the upper inflow hole 11 and the right inflow hole 12 is electrically connected to the outflow hole 13 through the communication hole 21.

Here, as shown in FIG. 2, a support shaft 22 is formed on the ball 2 on the opposite side of the rotation shaft 3 on the axis. The support shaft 22 is rotatably inserted into a support recess 23 provided on a side wall of the central portion 1a of the valve chamber 10. Thus, the ball 2 rotates in a state where both ends are supported by the rotation shaft 3, the support shaft 22, and the support recess 23, and there is no possibility of displacement.
Note that a support recess may be formed on the ball side, a support shaft may be formed on the valve chamber side, and the support shaft of the valve chamber may be inserted into the support recess of the ball.

As shown in FIG. 1, seal rings 41 and 42 are arranged on the upper inflow hole 11 and the right inflow hole 12 of the valve chamber 10 on the same circle as the inflow holes 11 and 12, respectively. Conventionally, the upper seal ring 41 and the right seal ring 42
1, ie, on the lower side and the left side of FIG. 1, the seal ring is arranged, but these are not used in the present invention. In other words, conventionally, when an elastic force is applied to the ball 2 from the upper seal ring 41 and the right seal ring 42, the ball 2 is pressed in the lower left direction, and there is a possibility that the ball 2 may be displaced. Ball 2 as above
Since both ends are supported by the rotating shaft 3, the supporting shaft 22, and the supporting concave portion 23, the shift in the lower left direction is prevented.

Here, the upper and right seal rings 41, 42
The configuration and its surroundings will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3. Since the functions and shapes are the same, the seal ring 41 on the upper inflow hole 11 will be described in detail, and the seal ring on the right inflow hole 12 will be described. 42 will be described only when necessary.

The base end of the seal ring 41 is mounted in a receiving recess 6 formed in the wall surface of the valve chamber 10.
The distal end of the seal ring 41 is a valve body contact portion 4a that contacts the ball 2, whereby the valve chamber 10 is partitioned into an inlet hole side portion 10a and an outlet hole side portion 10b.
A seal ring 41 is provided on the inflow hole side portion 10a of the valve chamber.
Is formed. In addition, on the back surface of the seal ring 41 on the inflow hole side of the valve body contact portion 4a,
The pressure receiving surface 4b is formed. And this pressure receiving surface 4b
Are arranged in the pressurized space 10c.

The seal ring 41 has elasticity to be deformed by pressure, and is specifically made of synthetic resin such as Teflon or synthetic rubber. In this embodiment, at the time of assembling, the valve body contact portion 4a is slightly deformed due to contact with the ball, but it is not necessary to give an extremely large deformation.

Next, the use state of this valve will be described. In this valve, a fluid (liquid or gas) flows in from the upper inflow hole 11 or the right inflow hole 12 and flows out to the outflow hole 13. Then, the fluid is supplied to the inflow hole side portion 10a of the valve chamber.
And presses the valve body contact portion 4a of the seal ring 41 against the ball 2 from the pressure receiving surface 4b on the rear surface side in a radially inward direction.

Here, in the present invention, as described above, both sides of the ball 2 are supported by the rotating shaft 3, the support shaft 22, and the support recess 23, so that the seal rings 41, No. 42 is positioned, and no seal ring is positioned below and to the left. in this way,
In the present application, the ball 2 is supported from both sides to prevent the ball from shifting. However, as long as the ball rotates, only a small clearance required for the rotation is applied to the ball 2.
There is room for deviation. In particular, when the fluid pressure increases and is applied to the ball, a slight displacement of the ball 2 occurs, and this displacement may cause incomplete sealing. However, by using the above-described configuration of the seal ring 41, as the fluid pressure increases,
The fluid moves the valve body contact portion 4a of the seal ring 41 into the ball 2
The force to press against increases. Therefore, even if the ball 2 is slightly displaced by receiving the fluid pressure, the valve body abutting portion 4a of the seal ring 41 is strongly pressed against the ball 2 as a result.
There is no space between them and the sealing performance is not degraded, and the sealing performance is ensured.

The pressure of the seal ring becomes stronger as the fluid pressure on the inflow hole side increases, and becomes weaker as the fluid pressure on the inflow hole side decreases. As a result, when the fluid pressure is high, reliable sealing can be achieved with a strong pressing force. Conversely, when the fluid pressure is low, the sealing is performed with a weak pressing force, thereby increasing the durability of the seal ring.

Further, as is apparent from FIG. 3, as a result of being pressed radially outward from the pressurized space 10c, the seal ring 41 is also pressed against the outflow side wall surface 6a of the receiving recess 6, and The sealing performance with the receiving main part 6 is also improved.

Returning to FIG. 1, the switching state of the inflow path by the rotation of the ball 2 will be described. First, in the state of FIG. 1, the upper inflow hole 11 and the upper outflow hole 13 are electrically connected,
The right inflow hole 12 is in a closed state. At this time, the sealing is reliably performed between the upper seal ring 41 and the ball 2 by the above operation. Also, between the right seal ring 42 and the ball 2,
By the same operation as 1, the seal is assured.
Therefore, the fluid from the right inflow hole 12 is completely closed by the outer peripheral surface of the ball 2 and the seal ring 42 and does not flow to any of them. The fluid from the upper inflow hole 11 is all leaked to the ball 2 in a state where leakage is prevented by the seal ring 41.
Flows into the upward opening 21a of the ball of the communication hole 21. Most of the fluid flows out from the lower opening 21 b of the communication hole 21 of the ball 2 to the outflow hole 13. However, since no seal ring is arranged in the outflow hole 13, some fluid flows from the outflow hole 1 through the downward opening 21 b.
3 does not flow out directly, but leaks into the valve chamber 10. Further, another part of the fluid flows out from the lateral opening 21 c of the communication hole 21 of the ball 2 and leaks into the valve chamber 10. As described above, even if the fluid leaks into the valve chamber 10, the inflow holes 11, 12 are formed by the seal rings 41, 42.
Therefore, all of them eventually flow out to the outflow holes 13.

Next, when the seal ring 41 rotates counterclockwise from the state of FIG. 1 by 90 degrees, the communication hole 21 of the ball 2 in FIG. 1 has the upper opening 21a on the left and the horizontal opening 21c on the left. On the lower side, the downward opening 21b is located on the right side. The fluid from the upper inflow hole 11 is blocked by the outer peripheral surface of the ball and the seal ring 41. On the other hand, the downward opening 21b of the communication hole 21 of the ball of FIG. 1 is located in the right inflow hole 12, so that the fluid from the right inflow hole 12 flows into the communication hole 21 of the ball, and From the directional opening 21a and the lateral opening 21c, it flows out to the outflow hole 13 through the valve chamber 10.

As described above, in this embodiment, the flow path of the fluid can be switched without leakage by the two seal rings, and the rotational resistance of the ball 2 is reduced by the corresponding amount. About half of the case of four seal rings,
It is possible to switch the fluid flow path with a smaller force. Further, when assembling, the two seal rings 41 and 42 are used.
, And only the ball 2 is pressed down, which enables extremely efficient work.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment, in which the previous embodiment is a three-way valve having a two-way inflow hole and a one-way outflow hole, whereas this embodiment has a one-way valve. The difference is that the valve is a two-way valve with one-way inflow hole and one-way outflow hole. That is, the point where the right inflow hole 12 is eliminated, the ball 2
The point that the lateral opening 21c of the communication hole 21 is omitted and the position of the seal ring is different from the previous embodiment are only different from the previous embodiment. And the description thereof is omitted.

In this embodiment, the seal ring 4 is provided in the outflow hole 13 and not provided in the inflow hole 11.
However, the seal ring 4 of this embodiment also has the same shape as the seal ring 41 of the previous embodiment, and a description of the shape will be omitted.

The operating state is the same as in the previous embodiment.
Is supported by the rotating shaft 3, the support shaft 22, and the support recess 23, so that only the seal ring 4 is arranged in the lower outflow hole. Even if the seal ring is not arranged above, the ball The ball 2 can be rotated in a state where the displacement has been eliminated. However, as long as the ball rotates, there is room for displacement of the ball 2 by a small amount of clearance required for the rotation. In particular, when the fluid pressure increases and is applied to the ball, a slight displacement of the ball 2 occurs, and this displacement may cause incomplete sealing. However, in this embodiment, since the seal ring 4 is arranged in the lower outflow hole 13,
When receiving fluid pressure from the upper inflow hole 11, the ball 2
Is pressed against the seal ring 4 of the lower inflow hole 13, so that no fluid leaks.

In this embodiment, the inflow hole and the outflow hole can be used even if they are reversed. That is, the fluid may flow in from the lower outflow hole 13 side and flow out from the upper inflow hole 11 side. In this case, the seal ring 4 can prevent leakage of the fluid by the same operation as the seal ring 41 of the previous embodiment.

[0030]

As described above, in the invention of the present application, even if the number of seal rings is reduced, the rotation of the ball can be surely achieved without displacement of the ball position, and the valve can be switched by rotating the ball with a smaller force. It is possible to provide a ball valve that can be used. Furthermore, even if the number of seal rings is reduced, not only the seal between the seal ring and the ball, but also the seal between the seal ring and the receiving recess can be improved by the pressure of the fluid, It is possible to provide a ball valve capable of obtaining good sealing properties (airtightness, watertightness).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front central longitudinal sectional view of a valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side vertical cross-sectional view of the valve taken along a direction orthogonal to FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a valve according to another embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a front central longitudinal sectional view of a conventional valve.

FIG. 6 is a side view of the valve cut in a direction orthogonal to FIG.
It is a surface center longitudinal cross-sectional view.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... ball valve body, 2 ... ball, 4, 41, 42 ...
Seal ring, 4a ... valve element contact portion, 4b ... pressure receiving surface, 6 ...
Reception recess, 10: valve chamber, 10c: pressurized space, 11, 12
... inflow holes, 13 ... outflow holes, 22 ... support shafts, 23 ... support recesses.

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A valve body (1) having a plurality of inflow and outflow holes (11), (12), (13) communicating with each other via a valve chamber (10), and a rotary shaft (3). A ball (2), which opens and closes a valve by rotation, is disposed between an inflow hole side and an outflow hole side of a valve chamber, and abuts on the ball,
A seal ring (4), (41), (42) for sealing between the inflow hole side and the outflow hole side of the valve chamber is provided, and the ball (2) is opposite to the rotation shaft (3). In the ball valve supported by an engagement means rotatably engaged with the valve chamber, a seal ring (4) is provided on the inflow hole side of the valve chamber (10).
1) A pressurized space (10c) for (42) is formed, and the seal rings (41) and (42) are balls (2) and the like.
And a valve body contact portion (4a) for the rotary valve body.
A pressure receiving surface (4b) is provided on the back surface of the body contact portion (4a) on the inflow hole side.
And the pressure receiving surface (4b) is formed
The fluid pressure in the pressurized space which is arranged in the space (10c) and is received by the pressure receiving surface (4b),
The valve body contact portion (4a) is pressed by the ball (2), and
In addition, the seal rings (41) and (42)
From (10c), the receiving concave portion (6) is pressed outward in the radial direction.
Against the outflow side wall surface (6a) of the seal ring.
The sealing property between (41) and the receiving recess (6) is improved.
A ball valve characterized in that it can be used.