JP2602772Y2 - Cyclone separator - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cyclone separator for separating solid or liquid fine particles mixed in a fluid from the fluid.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Cyclone separators for imparting rotational motion to a fluid containing solid or liquid fine particles to separate fine particles by centrifugal force are well known. For example, an air filter that is disposed in a pneumatic circuit and that removes drain and dust in the air is widely used. This air filter separates particles having a larger density and a larger particle diameter than a fluid, which are mixed in a fluid (gas), from the fluid by centrifugal separation. Here, an example of a conventional air filter will be described with reference to the drawings.

An air filter 10 shown in FIG. 2 includes a filter body 11, a filter container 12, a swirl blade row 13, an element (filter material) 14, a baffle plate 15, and a drain valve 1.
6, the partition plate 17 and the like. Fluid inlet / outlet (IN port, OUT port) 1
8 and 19 are provided, and hold the rotating blade row 13, the element 14, the baffle plate 15, the partition plate 17, and the like. The swirling blade row 13 is a member for generating a high-speed swirling flow between the fluid inlet and the filter container, and a large number of blade members are radially provided.

The filter container 12 has a cylindrical shape having a circular cross section as shown in FIG. Then, the air pressure entering from the IN port 18 passes through the swirl blade row 13, and thereby the high-speed swirl flow F inside the filter container 12.
B. Due to the centrifugal force generated in the swirling flow FB, particles having a larger density and a larger particle size than air mixed in the air (fluid) are pushed to the outer peripheral portion of the swirling flow, and the flow velocity in contact with the wall surface of the filter container 12 is low. At the part (boundary layer), it is settled by gravity and captured at the bottom of the container 12. Particles having a small density and a small particle size that cannot be eliminated by centrifugation are filtered by the element 14, and clean air is removed from the OUT port 19. The drain separated and collected at the bottom of the container 12 is discharged from the drain valve 16.

If the flow velocity is appropriate, a swirling flow toward the lower part of the container is formed in the outer part of the filter container 12 downstream of the swirling blade row 13 and a swirling flow toward the upper part of the container is formed in the inner part. . However, when the flow velocity is reduced, the swirling flow is disturbed, and air comes into contact with the element 14 before the particles are separated, and the particles are concentrated on the element 14 and the particles are attached, and the performance is reduced at an early stage. The partition plate 17 is provided to prevent the air from directly contacting the element 14 and reducing the performance even when the flow velocity is low. Further, the baffle plate 15 is provided to prevent the drain collected at the bottom of the filter container 12 from being mixed into the air again.

[0006]

However, in the conventional cyclone separator, the centrifugal force generated in the swirling flow is proportional to the square of the fluid flow. In such a case, the separation effect cannot be maintained and the performance is reduced. In order to prevent this, a cylindrical separator container is used for the purpose of generating a swirling flow as high as possible in the container. When the separator vessel has a cylindrical shape, if the fluid flow rate increases and the swirling flow exceeds a certain flow velocity, a high-speed flow reaches the bottom of the vessel, and the deposited particles are rolled up in reverse, so that the deposited particles are not immediately discharged. In the case of the system of the type, there is a problem that the performance is degraded when the flow rate exceeds a certain flow rate.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems in the conventional cyclone separator and to provide a cyclone separator which does not wind up deposited particles even at a large flow rate.

[0008]

According to the present invention, there is provided a cyclone separator for generating a swirling flow in a fluid flowing into a vessel and separating particles mixed in the fluid by centrifugation. The container is solved in that each side joint of the wall surface having at least four arc-shaped cross sections is formed so as to form a gentle obtuse angle with each other.

[0009]

When the swirling flow generated in the container reaches a gentle obtuse surface at the joint of the four sides of the container wall, a local bending flow is generated. At that time, particles mixed in the fluid collide with the obtuse surface of the container wall due to inertia, adhere to the container wall surface, are captured, and settle to the container bottom by gravity. The particles not separated thereby swirl in the container together with the swirling flow, and are separated from the fluid by the centrifugal force generated there. And
The flow resistance at the outer peripheral portion increases due to the bending flow, and the reduction rate of the maximum velocity increases as the swirling is repeated, and the flow velocity when the swirling flow reaches the container bottom decreases.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The air filter of this embodiment is the same as the conventional air filter described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 except that the cross-sectional shape of the filter container is as shown in FIG. Omitted.

As shown in FIG. 1, the filter container 2 of the air filter according to the present embodiment has a cross section having a shape in which the center of each side of a square is expanded. The four wall surfaces of the filter container 2 corresponding to the respective sides of the square each have an arc-shaped cross section, and the joining portions of the wall surfaces are formed so as to form a gentle obtuse angle with each other.

As in the conventional air filter described above, a swirling flow SB is generated in the air pressure flowing into the filter container 2 from the IN port. When the swirling flow SB reaches the wall joint of the filter container 2, a local small bending flow KB
Occurs. The bent flow KB is a flow that deflects when hitting the obtuse surface 2a of the wall joint of the filter container 2. When the flow is deflected, particles having a large density and a large particle diameter mixed in the air collide with the obtuse surface 2a due to inertia. (Baffle effect). Then, the particles adhere to the obtuse angle surface 2a and are captured. The captured particles settle at the bottom of the filter container 2 due to gravity. When the particles are dry, they do not adhere to the obtuse surface 2a, but fall down to the bottom of the container along the boundary layer having a low flow velocity in contact with the container wall surface.

The particles that are not separated by the baffle effect swirl inside the filter container 2 together with the swirling flow SB, and are pushed to the outer peripheral portion of the swirling flow SB by the centrifugal force generated there. Then, it travels down the boundary layer in contact with the container wall surface and falls to the container bottom.

The particles having a small density or a particle having a long separation time which are not separated by the baffle effect and the centrifugal separation are filtered by the element 14. Then, clean air is taken out from the OUT port.

The occurrence of the bent flow KB means that the resistance of the swirling flow path in the filter container 2 has increased. As a result, the flow resistance at the outer peripheral portion of the entire swirling flow SB increases, so that the maximum flow velocity portion moves to the center side more than when the filter container has a circular cross section. Then, the rate of reduction of the maximum speed increases with each turn, so that the flow velocity when the swirl flow reaches the bottom of the filter container 2 becomes small. Therefore, it is possible to prevent winding of the deposited particles.

According to the air filter of this embodiment, the separation effect by the baffle effect can be added to the centrifugal separation operation, so that the particles mixed in the air can be efficiently separated and the accumulated particles at the time of a large flow rate can be removed. It is possible to prevent a decrease in separation efficiency due to winding up. In addition, when the particles to be separated are liquid, they pass through the element (filter medium), so that the separation efficiency is reduced in the conventional separator,
Liquid particles can also be efficiently separated by the baffle effect.

It should be noted that in a method in which the angle formed by each side of the filter container 2 having an arc-shaped cross section is an acute angle, or a method in which a projection or a projection is provided at a joint portion of each side, an appropriate size that produces a baffle effect is obtained. It is difficult to generate a curved flow KB and to obtain a gentle flow resistance to the swirling flow SB, and it is not possible to achieve both the centrifugal separation operation and the separation operation by the baffle effect.

[0018]

As described above, according to the cyclone separator of the present invention, the separation effect by the baffle effect can be added to the centrifugal separation operation, so that the particles mixed in the air can be efficiently separated. At the same time, it is possible to prevent the separation efficiency from decreasing due to the lifting of the deposited particles at the time of a large flow rate. For this reason, it is possible to extend the applicable range of the separator to a range where the flow rate fluctuation was conventionally too large to cope with. Further, liquid particles can be efficiently separated.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a container shape of an air filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view showing an example of a conventional air filter.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a container shape of the air filter.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Filter Vessel 2a Obtuse Angle 10 Air Filter 11 Filter Body 12 Filter Vessel 13 Mixed Flow Swirling Blade Row 14 Element 16 Drain Valve 18 IN Port FB High Speed Swirling Flow KB Bending Flow SB Swirling Flow

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI B04C 9/00 B04C 9/00 (72) Inventor Takashi Tsunekawa 4-97 Ueda Higashicho, Nishinomiya City, Hyogo Prefecture Konan Electric Machinery Co., Ltd. (58) Survey Field (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B04C 1/00-11/00 B01D 50/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A cyclone separator for generating a swirling flow in a fluid flowing into a container and separating particles mixed in the fluid by centrifugation, wherein the container has a wall surface having at least four arc-shaped cross sections. Characterized in that the respective junctions are formed so as to form a gentle obtuse angle with each other.