JP2602474Y2 - palette - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

INVENTION The present invention relates to a process of the load on the loading platform is about applicable pallets in the carrier structure which is to allow efficient track.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A truck bed has a flat floor on which a load is placed, and is provided with an auxiliary function for simplifying loading and unloading depending on the type of load. For example,
When transporting sand or gravel, use a dumping system that can unload the cargo at a stretch by tilting the cargo bed, or provide a small dedicated crane between the cab and the cargo platform so that heavy loads can be unloaded anywhere. is there.

[0003] On the other hand, in order to improve the efficiency of transporting loads in the physical distribution process, pallets that have been used from the factory to the destination have been used. This pallet is designed such that a regular load is mainly loaded as one unit on its upper surface, and loading and unloading to a truck can be performed by using a forklift.

[0004] In transport using such pallets,
Use of a forklift has advantages such as quick loading and unloading, and reduction of work load.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the loading platform of a truck only mounts a pallet, and the quality of unloading work often depends on how well a forklift can be used. For example, if the truck bed is 3
When the pallet can be placed on the loading platform from three sides with a forklift at the factory shipment stage, if the unloading site is narrow and the forklift can only work from the rear side of the loading platform. It is necessary to move the pallet to the rear of the carrier. For this reason, when unloading, the burden on the operator increases, and even if a forklift and a pallet are used, their functions are wasted.

When it is necessary to move a pallet placed on a carrier during transportation, a cradle having a dedicated crane
Such an operation can be performed mechanically. However, in the case of a model having only a bed, it is necessary to move the pallet on which the load is placed on the bed using a bar or the like to balance the load. Even in this case, the burden on the worker is increased.

As described above, in the transport of a load using a pallet, work efficiency can be improved if cooperation with a forklift can be taken well. However, since there is no function of mechanically moving the pallet on a bed, there is no function. The work of unloading and changing the position of the load is easily troublesome.

Further, the pallet is a plate-like body, and a forklift, a handlift or the like is required to transfer the pallet. For this reason, hand lifts are mainly used in work in factories, but the operation requires skill. For this reason, it tends to be difficult to handle a load in a narrow work place, and there is a problem in workability.

[0009] Problems to be solved in the present invention is to improve the operability of by lipase let to such a pallet on the loading platform can be mechanically shifted, for example, in the rear side.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a cargo bed structure having a door which can be opened and closed on at least one surface of a shell of a cargo bed on which a load is to be loaded. A drive mechanism provided with a groove toward the side, the shift mechanism movable along the floor plate and capable of applying an external force to a loaded load, and the groove allowing the shift mechanism to advance and retreat toward the door. It is characterized by having a mechanism.

[0011] The pallet is provided with a mounting hole recessed on the lower surface of the main body, and a wheel unit having a wheel rotatably provided on the mounting hole is detachable, and the wheel unit is attached to the mounting port when the wheel unit is mounted on the pallet. The peripheral surface of the wheel can protrude from a lower end level of the main body.

[0012]

The shift mechanism which moves on the floorboard is moved by the drive mechanism which moves the door in the direction of the door to be opened and closed, and during this movement, the shift mechanism strikes a load on the floorboard and pushes the load toward the door. For this reason, when a large number of loads are arranged and stacked toward the door and the entire load is moved to the door side by the shift mechanism, the next load to be unloaded is always located near the door. Can be. Therefore, in the work of unloading using a forklift or the like, it is possible to keep the forklift waiting at the open door side and continuously unload the load without moving the load on the bed.

Further, if the shift mechanism is moved not only in the backward direction but also in the forward direction, the position of the load on the bed can be changed, and the load can be balanced by properly distributing the load. It becomes possible.

Further, by incorporating a wheel unit into the pallet itself and utilizing the rolling of the wheel, the moving operation of the truck on the carrier can be performed quickly. In addition, it becomes possible to cope with work not only on a bed but also in a narrow place where a forklift cannot enter in a factory.

[0015]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a cab-over type truck having a carrier structure to which a pallet of the present invention is applied , and FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view thereof.

In the figure, a cab 2 and a carrier 3 are mounted on a chassis 1 having wheels 1a, similarly to a conventional general truck.
Is supported. Although the loading platform 3 is an open vehicle in the illustrated example, it may be a box type as shown by a dashed line in FIG.

The loading platform 3 is provided with a floor plate 4 and three doors 3a, 3b, 3c surrounding the three sides thereof, which are openable and closable, and a plurality of pallets 20 are arranged and stacked in the front-rear direction. The floorboard 4 is provided with two rows of grooves 4a cut along substantially the entire length in the front-rear direction. A shifter 5 is provided on the floor plate 4 as a shift mechanism for moving the pallet 20 rearward, which is movable in the front-rear direction, and wires 6 for driving the shifter 5 are wired in the grooves 4a. Provided.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing the floor plate 4 and the shifter 5, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 3, and FIG. FIG.

The shifter 5 is a member having an L-shaped vertical section, and for example, a standard L-shaped steel can be used as it is. On the lower surface of the shifter 5, a bracket 5a that falls into the groove 4a of the floor plate 4 is provided so as to protrude therefrom.
a is connected to the wire 6 by welding.

When the shifter 5 is moved by the wire 6, the lower side 5b of the shifter 5 hits the pallet 20. For this reason, it is preferable to provide a notch 20a on the lower surface of the end of the pallet 20 as shown in FIG. 5 so that the rising edge 5c of the shifter 5 exactly hits the end surface of the pallet 20.

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view showing a driving system of the wire 6.

A pair of pulleys 7 are provided at both ends of the floor plate 4 in the front-rear direction.
a, 7b, and the pulleys 7a, 7
pulley 7 that guides the path of wire 6 below b
c and 7d are provided respectively. A motor 8 operated by an operation panel of the cab 2 or an operation panel (not shown) provided at an appropriate position beside the pallet 3 is provided on a lower surface of the chassis 1, and a drive pulley attached to an output shaft of the motor 8 is provided. The wire 8a is wrapped around the wire 8a. The driving pulley 8a
For example, a friction roll capable of giving a feed to the wire 6 can be used.

As described above, the wire 6 is wired in a closed loop shape extending under the groove 4 a of the carrier 3 and the chassis 1, and a part thereof is connected to the bracket 5 a of the shifter 5. When the output shaft of the motor 8 is rotated and the pulley 8a is rotated clockwise in FIG. 6, the wire 6 travels in the direction of the arrow indicated by the solid line in the figure. Accordingly, the shifter 5 connected to the wire 6 moves on the upper surface of the floor plate 4 from the cab 2 side to the rear side of the vehicle body. When the pulley 8a is rotated in the reverse direction, the pulley 8a travels in the direction of the dashed line, and the shifter 5 that has moved to the rear end side of the floor plate 4 returns to the original position on the cab 2 side.

Here, since the shifter 5 slides on the upper surface of the floor plate 4, frictional resistance and noise are easily generated. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, a roller 5d may be provided at the lower end of the bracket 5a, and the roller 5d may roll on the bottom surface of the groove 4a. If such a roller 5d is provided, the shifter 5 moves quickly and the load on the motor 8 is reduced.

If the width of the bracket 5a is made slightly smaller than the width of the groove 4a, the bracket 5a can be used as a guide when moving in the groove 4a. For this reason, when the shifter 5 moves, the position does not shift in the width direction of the floor plate 4 or twisting occurs in the moving direction (the front-back direction of the floor plate 4). Therefore, when the shifter 5 moves and hits the pallet 20 and moves it to the rear side of the floor plate 4, the moving posture of the pallet 20 can be prevented from being collapsed.

In the above configuration, the pallet 20 is
Are stacked on the floor plate 4 in one row in the front-rear direction, for example. Such a pallet 20
Of the forklift can be inserted from behind the truck body.

At the time of unloading, the rear door 3c is opened as shown in the figure, and the pallets 20 are sequentially lowered by a forklift from the rear. When the pallet 20 located at the rearmost end is lost, the pallet 20 in front of the pallet 20 is lowered.
To move the wire 6 in the direction of the solid arrow in FIG. Thereby, as shown in FIG.
The lower side 5b enters the notch 20a of the pallet 20, and the rising side 5c hits the end face of the pallet 20 and pulls it rearward. As a result, the arranged pallets 20 slide on the upper surface of the floor panel 4 and move to the rear end thereof.

By moving the 20 rows of the pallets,
A fork of a forklift can be inserted into the pallet 20 located at the rear end, and the pallet 20 can be lowered. Thereafter, if the rows of the pallets 20 are sequentially lowered in such a manner, there is no need to manually move the pallets 20 on the floor plate 4. When the unloading is completed, the output shaft of the motor 8 is rotated in the reverse direction to return the shifter 5 to the original position.

Further, even in a site where the unloading operation cannot be performed from the left and right doors 3b and 3c of the loading platform 3 and there is only a working space only on the rear side of the truck, the shifter 5 can be sequentially moved rearward. A large number of pallets 20 arranged and loaded in the length direction of the loading platform 3 can be quickly unloaded.

In addition to the unloading operation, for example, when a heavy article is placed on the pallet 20,
The shifter 5 can be used to balance the above. That is, if the pallets 20 are collected on the front side of the floor plate 4 and loaded at the factory shipment stage, the load on the axle load of the front wheel 1a becomes large and the driving operability is deteriorated. If the pallet 20 is moved by using the pallet 5 so that a concentrated load is applied to the intermediate portion of the floor plate 4, such an obstacle is eliminated.

In the illustrated example, the shifter 5 moves in the front-rear direction of the floor plate 4. Alternatively, a shifter may be provided to move in the width direction of the floor plate 4.
In addition, not only pallets but also boxed products can be loaded, and unloading can be efficiently processed by the same operation procedure.

As a driving mechanism for moving the shifter 5 forward and backward, a hydraulic cylinder or the like incorporated in the groove 4a can be used. In this case, the cylinder may be dropped into the groove 4a so as not to protrude above the floor plate 4, and its piston rod may be connected to the shifter 5.

FIG. 9 shows another example of a shift mechanism in which an engaging pin 9 is attached to a wire 6 in a groove 4a as a shift mechanism.

In the figure, a connector 6a is fixed to the wire 6 by welding or the like, and an L-shaped engaging pin 9 is rotatably attached to the connector 6a. The engagement pin 9 is rotatable from a posture lying in the groove 4a as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B to a position in which the connector 9a stands upright as shown in FIGS. Connect with

The engaging pin 9 has two grooves 4 in the case of the above example.
Assume that it is attached to both of the two wires 6 respectively arranged in a. Further, a plurality of engagement pins 9 may be provided at a constant pitch so as not to hinder the traveling of the wire 6.

In the case where such an engagement pin 9 is provided,
If the engagement pins 9 are put in the grooves 4a as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the entire floor plate 4 can be used as a load-loading surface.

In the case of transportation by the pallet 20, before the pallet 20 is placed on the carrier 3, the engaging pins 9 are raised as shown in FIGS. Protrude above 4. Then, the pallet 20 is placed on the floor plate 4 such that the engagement pins 9 are fitted into the engagement holes 20b formed in the bottom surface of the pallet 20.

Here, the wire 6 is connected to the floor plate 4 as in the above example.
Are arranged in the width direction of the pallet 20, so that the engagement pins 9 provided on the respective pallets 20 can be fitted into the engagement holes 20b formed in the bottom surfaces at both ends in the width direction of the pallet 20. Of course, when the operation of moving the pallet 20 by the engaging pins 9 is unnecessary, the engaging pins 9 may be kept housed in the grooves 4a.

By providing the engaging pin 9 on the wire 6 in this manner, the pallet 20 hooked on the wire 6 via the engaging hole 20b can be moved in the direction in which the wire 6 runs. That is, in the previous example, the shifter 5 was used mainly for unloading the pallet 20.
If the pallet 2 is used, the pallet 2
Zero can be moved forward or backward. Therefore, when it is desired to change the position of the pallet 20 placed on the floor plate 4 as well as the unloading work, the work can be easily performed by running the wire 6 by the motor 8, and the balance of the load can be adjusted. Is also possible.

It is a matter of course that the provision of the engagement pins 9 can be used for the operation of unloading the pallet 20 as in the case of the shifter 5 of the above-described example.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a pallet made of a synthetic resin in which the pallet itself can have a traveling function as viewed from the bottom side, and FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. It is.

In the figure, the main body 10 of the pallet has a rectangular planar shape, and as shown in FIG.
Two rows of cavities 10a run on the rows and on the short side, and the inside thereof has a lattice shape. These cavities 10a are used for inserting a fork of a forklift from the long side or the short side, and function as pillars 10b for vertically integrating the pallet 10 in the remaining area.

In the illustrated example, the four pillars 10b at the four corners are provided with recessed mounting holes 10c for wheels having the same opening cross section and the same depth. These mounting openings 10
The opening cross-sectional shape of c is a square, the opening from the lower end to the upper end is formed to have a uniform opening cross section, and two adjacent sides are provided in a posture parallel to the long side and the short side of the main body 10.

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the wheel unit 11 which is detachably attached to the attachment opening 10c.

The wheel unit 11 includes the wheel 1
1a and a housing 11b that rotatably supports the housing 1a. The housing 11b uses, for example, a metal plate that is elastically deformed.
c and a pair of skirts 11d extending downward from both ends thereof. The top plate 11c has a square shape substantially equal to the cross section of the opening of the mounting opening 10c, and the skirt 11d is formed so as to slightly expand outward in a natural state as shown in the figure.

The wheel 11a is made of a metal or a hard synthetic resin or the like, and has a support shaft 11g bridged between two brackets 11f integrated with the housing 11b.
It is mounted so that it can roll around.

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view when the wheel unit 11 is incorporated in the main body 10 of the pallet, and FIG. 14 is a front view of the whole.

As shown in the figure, the top plate 11c is
c, the skirt 11d also sinks into the inside, and only the wheel 11a slightly protrudes from the lower end of the main body 10.

When the wheel unit 11 is incorporated into the mounting opening 10c, the skirt 11d extending outward is elastically deformed inward as it is fitted into the mounting opening 10c. Then, when completely housed as shown in FIG. 13, the housing 11b is restrained in the mounting opening 10c by the reaction force of the skirt 11d trying to spread. When removing the wheel unit 11 from the mounting opening 10c, the wheel 11a may be pulled out while being held by hand. As described above, by utilizing the elastic deformation of the housing 11b, the wheel unit 11 can be easily attached to and detached from the mounting opening 10c by hand without using a tool or the like.

The mounting section 10c has a square cross section and the wheel unit 11 also has a plane shape that matches the cross section, so that the mounting posture can be changed by 90 °. That is, (a) of FIG. 15 is a bottom view of FIG. 13, and the rotation axis of the wheel 11a is vertical in the figure. On the other hand, the posture of the wheel unit 11 is 90 °.
When mounted on the mounting opening 10c, the rotation axis of the wheel 11a becomes horizontal as shown in FIG.

As described above, by changing the mounting posture of the wheel unit 11, the main body 1 of the pallet shown in FIG.
The rolling direction of the wheel 11a can be set to 0 in the vertical and horizontal directions. Therefore, the direction in which the main body 10 is moved can be selected according to the state of the load when the main body 10 is loaded on the truck bed.

The bracket 11f is connected to the housing 11
The wheel 11a is connected to the main body 10 without a suspension by being rigidly connected integrally to the main body 10 and having a structure in which the support shaft 11g is also integrally connected to the bracket 11a. As a result, even when a load is placed, the main body 10 is rigidly supported by the four wheels 11a, so that the main body 10 does not tilt. Therefore, even if an unbalanced load is generated depending on how the load is placed, the posture of the main body 10 can always be kept constant, and there is no fear of collapse of the load during transportation.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a wooden pallet, and FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a wheel unit detachable from the pallet.

The wooden pallet is provided with a support plate 12b on the front side of a plurality of crosspieces 12a and a bottom plate 12c on the back side.
It has. The support plates 12b on the front side may be adjacent to each other and may be connected to each other to form a single plate, or may be arranged at an interval from each other as in the illustrated example.

The bottom plates 12c are arranged at equal intervals between them, and the wheel unit 13 shown in FIG. 17 is fitted between these bottom plates 12c to be mountable.

The wheel unit 13 is provided with a wheel 13a and a housing 13b, a skirt 13d extending downward from a top plate 13c, and a flange 13e provided at a lower end thereof, as in the previous example. The skirt 13
d is a shape slightly expanded outward as in the previous example. The wheel 13a is rotatably supported by a support shaft 13g of a bracket 13f connected to the housing 13b.

FIG. 18 shows that the wheel unit 13 is connected to the bottom plate 12.
FIG. 19 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a state sandwiched between c. FIG. 19 is an overall front view.

The housing 13b is tightly fitted between the bottom plates 12c by making the length in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the wheel 13a equal to the distance between the bottom plates 12c. At the time of this mounting, by using the elastic deformation of the skirt 13d as in the previous example, it can be easily performed manually by the operator, and the removal operation can be performed without the need for tools. it can. The vertical position is determined by the flange 13e abutting against the bottom plate 12c, and the level of each wheel 13a can be equalized even when the four wheel units 13 are arranged.

Even if a special restraining structure is not provided between the housing 13b and the bottom plate 12c, since the flange 13e at the lower end abuts against the bottom of the bottom plate 12c and receives a load from above, the housing 13b can be used. It does not change its position significantly. Therefore, wheel 1
There is no hindrance to the rolling of 3a.

As described above, by mounting the wheel units 11 and 13 on the pallet itself, it is possible to freely change the position of the pallet even when the pallet is placed on the truck bed, and to allow the operator to perform the unloading operation. The pallet can be easily moved to the end of the pallet on the pallet. Therefore, the efficiency of the transfer operation by the forklift is improved.

It is needless to say that the pallet can be quickly moved on the floor plate 4 by connecting to the shifter 5 and the wire 6 also in the above-mentioned loading platform structure.

Further, even when the wheel units 11 and 13 are used in a factory with the pallets attached, they can be moved while pushing a load, and the work load in the factory where a forklift cannot enter can be reduced. You.

[0063]

[Effect of the invention] The pallet of the invention is a wheel unit.
Is mounted by utilizing the elastic deformation of the housing.
The attachment / detachment to the mouth can be done manually without using tools.
Easily can be performed Te, by the shift mechanism for moving along the floor of the cargo bed structure can be sequentially moved to the edge side of the floor plate, the work of the unloading with forklift from one surface of the loading platform Just do it. For this reason, the labor burden at the time of the down operator's load is cut with reduced.

Further, by providing the wheel unit detachably on the bottom of the pallet, the pallet can be easily moved by the operator on the bed of the truck or on the work floor of the factory. For this reason, it is possible to easily change the position of the load on the loading platform and work in a narrow factory where a forklift cannot enter.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a truck having a carrier structure to which a pallet of the present invention is applied .

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a track showing assembling of a shifter into a carrier and arrangement of grooves.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing an outline of a carrier and a shifter.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 3;

5A and 5B are side views showing a shifter and a main part of a pallet abutting the shifter, wherein FIG. 5A shows a state where the two are separated from each other, and FIG. 5B shows a state where the shifter abuts the pallet; Show.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a drive system of a shifter using wires.

7A and 7B are examples in which rollers are provided on a bracket of a shifter, wherein FIG. 7A is a schematic side view thereof, and FIG. 7B is a longitudinal sectional view showing installation in a groove.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state of unloading pallets arranged and loaded on a loading platform.

FIG. 9 is an example in which a shift mechanism is provided with an engagement pin that can be turned upside down, and FIG. 9A is a plan view of a main part when the engagement pin is stored in a groove; (B) of the same figure is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line BB of the same figure (a), (c) of the same figure is a perspective view when the engaging pin is erected, and (d) of the same figure is It is a longitudinal section of an important section showing an engagement state of an engagement pin and a pallet.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a pallet made of a synthetic resin as viewed from the bottom side thereof.

FIG. 11 is a view taken along line CC in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a wheel unit.

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view when the wheel unit is mounted on a mounting opening of the main body.

FIG. 14 is a front view showing the entire pallet on which the wheel unit is mounted.

15A and 15B are bottom views showing the mounting state of the wheel unit, wherein FIG. 15A is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 13 and FIG. 15B is a diagram when the rolling direction of the wheel is changed by 90 °. FIG.

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a wooden pallet as viewed from the bottom side thereof.

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a wheel unit incorporated in a wooden pallet.

FIG. 18 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part when the wheel unit is incorporated into a wooden pallet.

FIG. 19 is a front view showing the entirety of a wooden pallet provided with a wheel unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Chassis 2 Cab 3 Carrier 3a, 3b, 3
c Door 4 Floor plate 4a Groove 5 Shifter (shift mechanism) 6 Wire 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d Pulley 8 Motor 8a Drive pulley 9 Engagement pin (shift mechanism) 10 Main body 11 Wheel unit 13 Wheel unit 20 Pallet

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60P 1/38 B65D 19/42

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] Claims: 1. A cargo bed structure having an openable / closable door on at least one surface of an outer shell of a cargo bed for loading a load, wherein a groove is provided on a floor plate of the cargo bed toward an outer shell side provided with the openable / closable door, Palais laden be movable along said floor plate
Tsu DOO with a possible shift mechanism applies a force to be applied to the shift mechanism in the groove in the carrier structure of the belt racks have a drive mechanism for the retractable toward the door direction palettes
At the bottom of the main unit, the mounting hole is recessed
Wheel with housing that has flexibility and spreads outward
A wheel unit with a rollable
Detachable, the wheel unit to the mounting port
When the wheel is mounted, the peripheral surface of the wheel is at the lower level of the body.
A pallet characterized by being more protruding.