JP2599317Y2 - Crushing machine - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher used for finely crushing and storing garbage in office buildings and the like, or for treating waste, and in particular, has a spiral shape on each outer peripheral surface. The present invention relates to a twin-screw crusher having a pair of screws provided with a screw blade.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an office building, a system has been developed in which dust is finely crushed by a crusher and stored. The crusher used in such a system has a pair of screws having a helical screw blade on the outer peripheral surface as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-300656. Each screw is rotated so that an object to be processed is wound between both screws, and the feed direction of each screw is opposite. The object to be processed is wound between the screws and is crushed by the shearing force between the screw blades. In addition, a fixed blade that crushes the object to be processed conveyed by each screw together with the screw blade is provided in the casing containing each screw. In this crushing machine, the workpiece to be loaded from the loading port provided in the upper part of the casing is caught between the screws whose respective feeding directions are opposite, and crushed by the shearing force between the respective screw blades. After that, it is crushed more finely by the shearing force between each screw blade and the cutter in the casing.

[0003]

In such a twin-screw type crusher, the object to be processed is crushed by a shearing force between a pair of screw blades, and then a cutter provided in a casing and each screw blade are connected. Since the material is finely crushed by the shearing force therebetween, even a large object to be processed can be finely crushed without fail. However, because the feeding direction of each screw is opposite, when the workpiece is to be wound between the screws by rotation of each screw, the workpiece is quickly wound between the screws. It may not be possible. In addition, since the object to be processed is crushed by the screw blade of each screw, if a large amount of the object to be processed is caught between the screws, the crushing process may not be performed by each screw blade.

An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a crusher having a simple configuration capable of efficiently crushing a large amount of objects to be processed.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a crusher having a casing having an upper portion formed with an inlet through which an object to be crushed is introduced, and a casing in the casing .
Below the input port, they are arranged adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction and parallel to each other, and rotated so that the workpieces are caught between them with the same feeding direction ,
Make sure that no shearing force is applied to the entangled workpiece
A pair of screws with screw blades provided on each outer peripheral surface, and each of the downstream ends in the feed direction of each screw
At the bottom of the casing so that it opens below
Each conveying and kicked the outlet, and the partition plate to the exhaust port fixedly provided within said casing so as to isolate said inlet covering over the discharge port, by each of the screws
Shearing force with the screw blade of each screw
Crushed by the inner wall of the casing,
The lower fixed blade fixed below the center height of the screw and the workpiece conveyed by each screw
Crushing by shearing force of screw with screw blade
In the lower part of the partition plate, the upper part of each screw
And an upper fixed blade provided along the circumferential direction so as to surround substantially half each .

The crusher according to the second aspect of the present invention is erected at a position sandwiched by the two screws in a space separated from the input port by the partition plate above the discharge port, and is conveyed by the screws. Since the vertical fixed blade for crushing the object to be processed by the screw blade is provided, the efficiency of crushing the object to be processed can be further improved.

Further, in the crusher according to the third aspect, the outer diameter of the screw blade of the screw is gradually reduced toward the downstream side in the feeding direction, and the height of the lower fixed blade is set to be smaller than that of the screw blade. Are set to be substantially constant, thereby achieving the above object.

[0008]

In the crusher according to the present invention, the object to be treated introduced from the inlet of the casing is caught between the two rotating screws and conveyed in the feed direction. At this time, the object to be processed that has passed between both screws is transported while being crushed between the screw blade and the lower fixed blade. The workpiece that does not pass between the two screws is transported while being crushed between the screw blade and the upper fixed blade. Further, the object to be processed, which is present between the two screws and does not abut on either the lower fixed blade or the upper fixed blade, is transported while being crushed between the screw blade and the vertical fixed blade.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the crusher of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a transverse sectional view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof.
This crusher has a rectangular parallelepiped casing 20, and a pair of screws 30 and 30 arranged in the lower part of the casing 20 so as to be adjacent and parallel to each other in the same horizontal plane.

The casing 20 has an opening 21 whose entire upper surface is opened to form an inlet 21.
Is attached. An object to be crushed is introduced into the guide tube 23 and falls into the casing 20 through the inlet 21.

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing an internal state of the casing 20. Each screw 30 disposed in the lower portion of the casing 20 is provided with a screw blade 31 in a spiral shape on the outer peripheral surface so as to have a uniform projection amount over the whole. Each of the screws 30 is rotated in a direction in which the input workpiece is wound, and in the same feed direction. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, forward and reverse rotatable motors 32 disposed outside the casing 20 are respectively connected to the upstream ends of the screws 30 in the feed direction. As described above, each screw 30 can be wound and transported in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 1 and in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. The rotation of each screw 30 may or may not be synchronized with each other. When an overload is applied to each motor 30, one or both of the motors 30 are rotated in opposite directions.

The screw blade 31 of each screw 30 is
As shown in FIG. 4, the screw blades 31 are arranged at an equal pitch without being displaced in the axial direction so that no shear force acts on the workpiece between the screw blades 31. When they rotate in opposite directions,
The screw blades 31 always face each other. Therefore, even if an object is caught between the screws 30, the object is not likely to be crushed by the screw blades 31.

As shown in FIG. 2, the bottom surface 25 of the casing 20 is horizontal between the screws 30. Each side of the bottom surface 25 extends in a tangential direction at the side of each screw 30. It is in a state of being inclined. On the bottom surface 25, as shown in FIGS.
A pair of discharge ports 27 are respectively provided at the downstream ends of the screws 30 in the feed direction. Each outlet 27 extends from the horizontal portion to the inclined portion of the bottom surface 25 and also extends to the lower end of the side surface 26 of the casing 20.

Also, as shown in FIG.
In the central portion between the screws 30 on the bottom surface 25 of
A central fixed blade 50 is arranged along the axial direction of each screw 30. As shown in FIG. 2, the center fixed blade 50 is supported in a substantially horizontal state over substantially the entire length of each screw 30 on a support table 52 provided on the bottom surface 25, and each of the center fixed blades 50 is close to each screw 30. A cutting blade portion 51 is formed on the side edge of. Each cutting blade 51,
A state of protruding so as to approach each screw 30 and a state of being depressed away from each screw 30 are irregularities that are alternately repeated along the axial direction. The workpiece to be wound by each screw 30 is crushed by the shearing force between the screw blade 31 and the central fixed blade 50.

The support table 52 for supporting the center fixed blade 50 includes:
Each cutting blade 51 is opposed to a predetermined height position below each screw 30 and each screw 30
The object to be processed is prevented from staying on the bottom surface 25 between them.

Further, on the bottom surface 25, each screw 3
Three lower fixed blades 60 extending along the peripheral surface of 0 are arranged in three rows at equal intervals in the axial direction. Each lower fixed blade 60 has a respective cutting blade portion having a screw 30.
, And all the cutting blade portions are in a state of being equally spaced from each screw blade 31. The three lower fixed blades 60 in each row are provided between the side surface 26 of the casing 20 and the inclined portion of the bottom surface 25, between the support base 52 and the horizontal portion of the bottom surface 25, and between the bottom portion 25 at an intermediate portion therebetween. It is arranged at each of three places between the inclined part and the horizontal part. And, the three lower fixed blades 60 arranged on the downstream side in the transport direction of each screw 30 are:
It is in a state close to the side edge of the discharge port 27. The workpiece to be transported by each screw 30 is crushed by the shearing force between each screw blade 31 and each lower fixed blade 60.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
A partition plate 70 is fixedly mounted above the screw 30 so as to cover the outlet 27 above each screw 30 and isolate the outlet 27 from the inlet 21. The object is prevented from dropping directly from the discharge port 27. The partition plate 70 is fixed to the side surface 26 of the casing 20, and the upper part of the partition plate 70
The inclined portion 71 is inclined so as to slide down to the upstream side in the feeding direction of 0, and the lower portion is a vertical portion 72 that is vertically continuous with the inclined portion 71. This vertical part 7
The lower edge of 2 is formed in an arc shape so as to surround the outer periphery of the screw 30, and the lower edge thereof serves as an upper fixed blade 73 that crushes the workpiece conveyed on each screw 30 between the screw blade 31. It is configured.

In the space separated from the inlet 21 by the partition plate 70 above the outlet 27, a vertically fixed blade 80 in a vertical state that bisects the space at a position sandwiched by the screws 30 is fixed. An object to be processed sandwiched and conveyed between the two screws 30 can be crushed between the screw blade 31.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. The workpiece to be loaded from the guide cylinder 23 into the inlet 21 is slid down by the partition plate 70 or directly falls onto the screw 30 on the upstream side of the partition plate 70, and the workpiece is placed between the two screws 30. And is conveyed toward the discharge port 27. At this time, since the shearing force is not applied to the workpiece to be wound between the screws 30 by the screw blades 31, the workpiece is not crushed and is directed toward the discharge port 27. Move sequentially to. Therefore, the workpiece to be dropped on each screw 30 is efficiently caught between both screws 30.

When the material to be processed is caught between the screws 30 and passes between the screws 30, it is caught between the central fixed blade 50 and each of the screw blades 31 and crushed by shearing force. Thereafter, when the workpiece is further conveyed by each screw blade 31, it is further finely crushed by the shearing force between each lower fixed blade 60 provided on the bottom surface 25 and each screw blade 31.

The workpiece placed on the upper side without passing between the two screws 30 is caught between the upper fixed blade 73 and the screw blade 31 and crushed by shearing force. Fall through.

Further, the workpiece to be transported while being sandwiched between the two screws 30 is crushed by the shearing force between the vertically fixed blade 80 and the screw blade 31.

By sequentially repeating such operations, the object to be processed is sequentially conveyed to the discharge port 27 side by each screw 30 while being finely crushed. At this time, since the discharge port 27 extends not only to the bottom surface 25 of the casing 20 but also to the lower end of the side surface 26 of the casing 20, the workpiece is compressed and clogged by the feeding force of the screw 30. Defects can be reduced. In this crushing machine, the object to be processed is crushed to a size smaller than a cross-sectional area surrounded by a two-dot chain line L (tangential line tangent to the outer periphery of the screw drum) shown in FIG. Is done.

If a large amount of material is caught between the screws 30 during the crushing process, each motor 32 is overloaded. In this case, one or both motors 32 are driven in reverse. As a result, the processing object caught between the respective screws 30 is discharged from between the two screws 30, and the processing object is released from being caught. In such a state, the motor 32, which has been driven in reverse, is again driven in reverse, and the workpiece is sequentially wound between the screws 30.

In the above embodiment, each screw 30
The screw blades 31 described above have a uniform protrusion amount over the entirety, but as shown in FIG. 5, the protrusion amounts of the screw blades 31 of the respective screws 30 gradually decrease as the screw blades 31 move downstream in the feed direction. in case of,
The lower fixed blades 60 may be configured such that the amount of protrusion from the bottom surface 25 is gradually reduced toward the upstream side in the transport direction of each screw 30 so that the intervals between the lower fixed blades 60 and the screw blades 31 are all equal. Further, a discharge blade for discharging the workpiece conveyed by the screw blade 31 to the discharge port 27 may be provided at the lower end of the screw 30 in the feeding direction above the discharge port 27.

[0027]

[Effects of the Invention] In the crusher of the present invention, the feed direction of a pair of screws for winding an object to be processed is in the same direction, and the material to be wound between the screws is a double screw. Since it is not crushed by the blade, a large amount of the workpiece can be wound between the two screws. The workpieces caught between the screws are efficiently crushed by the screw blade and the lower fixed blade provided on the casing, the upper fixed blade provided on the partition plate, or the vertical fixed blade. As a result, the crusher of the present invention
It has a simple structure and excellent crushing capacity.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the crusher of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the crusher.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the crusher.

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing a configuration inside the crusher.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the crusher of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 20 casing 21 input port 25 bottom face 27 discharge port 30 screw 31 screw blade 32 motor 50 central fixed blade 51 cutting blade part 60 lower fixed blade 70 partition plate 73 upper fixed blade 80 vertical fixed blade

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Shozo Maruo 3-43, Shirite, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Shinmeiwa Industry Co., Ltd. Special Vehicle Equipment Division (56) References JP-A-3-221157 (JP, A) JP-A-5-64752 (JP, A) JP-A-5-51456 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) B02C 19/22

Claims (3)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] 1. A casing in which an inlet through which an object to be crushed is introduced is formed at an upper portion thereof, and a casing is disposed below the inlet in the casing so as to be lateral to each other .
Are rotated in such a manner that the feed directions are equal and the workpieces are caught between them, and the shearing force is applied to the caught workpieces.
Screw blades on each outer peripheral surface to prevent
A pair of screws provided and below each of the downstream ends in the feed direction of each screw
A discharge port provided at a lower portion of the casing so as to be opened at the opening , and fixed in the casing so as to cover above the discharge port and isolate the discharge port from the input port. The partition plate and the workpiece to be conveyed by each screw are
Crushing by shearing force of screw with screw blade
So that on the inner wall of the casing, the center of each screw
The lower fixed blade fixed below the height and the workpiece to be conveyed by each screw
To be crushed by the shearing force with the screw blade of
At the bottom of the partition plate, approximately half of the upper side of each screw
An upper fixed blade provided along the circumferential direction so as to surround each of the crushers. 2. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the partition plate is provided to stand upright at a position sandwiched by the two screws in a space separated from the inlet by the upper portion of the discharge port. The crushing machine according to claim 1, further comprising a vertically fixed blade crushed by the crusher. 3. The outer diameter of the screw blade of the screw is gradually reduced toward the downstream side in the feeding direction, and the height of the lower fixed blade is adjusted so that the distance from the screw blade is substantially constant. The crusher according to claim 1, which is set.